CN103286000A - Method for sorting waste plastics - Google Patents
Method for sorting waste plastics Download PDFInfo
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- CN103286000A CN103286000A CN2013101614985A CN201310161498A CN103286000A CN 103286000 A CN103286000 A CN 103286000A CN 2013101614985 A CN2013101614985 A CN 2013101614985A CN 201310161498 A CN201310161498 A CN 201310161498A CN 103286000 A CN103286000 A CN 103286000A
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- waste
- used plastics
- separating
- plastics
- flotation
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of waste plastic sorting, particularly to a method for sorting waste plastics, which combines density sorting and floatation. According to the method, density sorting and floatation are combined, wherein floatation enlarges the floatability differences of plastics with different components, compensates the defects of a method only adopting density sorting, and improves the sorting accuracy and efficiency. The method is simple to operate and high in sorting accuracy and efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to waste or used plastics sorting field, be specifically related to the method for separating of waste or used plastics.
Background technology
European Union 2003 instructs by WEEE instruction and RoHS, regulation was from July 1st, 2006, throwing in harmful substances such as the lead that comprises in the new electronics in European Union market and the electrical equipment, mercury, cadmium, Cr VI, poly-bromo biphenyl, poly-bromo biphenyl ether must be in limited range, and these materials are present among the various plastics morely.These materials are that the adding owing to plastic additives such as fire retardant, flexibilizer, reinforcing agent in the modifying plastics process causes mostly; What of plastic additive addition have directly caused limiting the difference of content of material, also cause the density variation between the same class plastics simultaneously.Therefore, can adopt the difference of density between the same kind plastics, by the density of control separating medium, can carry out sorting to the plastics of different bromine contents in the plastics; But because generally pollute on the waste or used plastics surface in the waste household appliance, surface property may change, and the buoyancy difference that only depends on density variation to produce may be not as good as remarkable with the separating effect of surface property difference generation.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to above-mentioned defective, a kind of waste or used plastics separating and recovering method simple and easy, that separation accuracy is high, efficient is high of operating is provided.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
The invention provides a kind of method for separating of waste or used plastics, adopt the method for density separation and flotation combination.
The method for separating of above-mentioned waste or used plastics is specially: waste or used plastics is crushed to its particle diameter≤1cm
2, add density separation medium and flotation wetting agent then successively, stir and evenly mix, leave standstill, isolate the upper strata plastics and get final product; Wherein, the weight proportion of waste or used plastics, density separation medium and flotation wetting agent is: waste or used plastics 50-60 part, density separation medium 1000-1200 part, flotation wetting agent 2-3 part.
Preferably, leave standstill in the said method 15-30 second.
Described waste or used plastics is a kind of among HIPS, ABS, PP, PE, PA, PVC or the PET.
Preferably, described density separation medium is water, CaCl
2Solution, Ca (NO
3)
2Solution, Na
2SO
4At least a in solution, the NaCl solution.
Described flotation wetting agent is at least a among alkylsulfonate, alkylbenzenesulfonate, alkene sulfonate, fatty alcohol ether sulphate, ligninsulfonate, tannic acid, gelatin, quebracho juice, sapn, montan wax, laruyl alcohol, glycan, waterglass or the NaOH.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention combines density separation and flotation, and flotation has enlarged the difference of different component plastics floatabilities, has remedied the deficiency that only adopts density separation, has improved sharpness of separation and the efficiency of separation; The method is simple to operate, has high economic benefit and social benefit.Operation is simple in the present invention, and the industrialization degree height has bigger practical significance.
The specific embodiment
The invention provides a kind of method for separating of waste or used plastics, adopt the method for density separation and flotation combination.
The method for separating of above-mentioned waste or used plastics is specially: waste or used plastics is crushed to its particle diameter≤1cm
2, add density separation medium and flotation wetting agent then successively, stir and evenly mix, leave standstill, isolate the upper strata plastics and get final product (gained upper strata plastics meet the RoHS standard, and namely bromine content is lower than 1000ppm); Wherein, the weight proportion of waste or used plastics, density separation medium and flotation wetting agent is: waste or used plastics 50-60 part, density separation medium 1000-1200 part, flotation wetting agent 2-3 part.
The invention provides a kind of method for separating that contains the waste or used plastics of low bromine content, the waste or used plastics that to treat sorting earlier is broken into the plastic grain that size and dimension is more or less the same, the mixed solution of preparation different densities, the plastics that fragmentation is good place the certain mixed solution (density separation medium) of density for preparing, add a certain amount of flotation size then and will treat that the plastics of sorting are fully wetting, realize the selective infiltration of plastics to be separated, stir, leave standstill, separating floating and sinking plastics sub-elect the plastics that contain low bromine content.
Flotation is by add the difference that floating agent enlarges the different component floatability in the slip of solid waste and water furnishing, form countless tiny bubbles by air again, the purpose component is attached on the bubble, and become foam with bubble floating in the slip surface and scrape, Fu particle is not still stayed in the slip, thereby realizes the separation of material.Under natural situation, most of plastics are hydrophobic, can float, and will realize that therefore the sorting separation of plastics just must make each component to be separated selectively soak into.By adjusting kind and the volume of floating agent, can reach optimal separating efficiency.Flotation can be competent at the sorting between the close waste or used plastics of density, and can reach very high sharpness of separation.
Be further described below in conjunction with the specific embodiment of the present invention of embodiment, therefore do not limit the present invention among the described scope of embodiments.
Embodiment 1
The 200-300kg waste high impact polystyrene plastics for the treatment of sorting are broken into particle diameter≤1cm that size and dimension is more or less the same
2The plastics sheet stock, preparation 5-6 ton density is 1.030 NaCl solution in minute scavenger, adds the alkylsulfonate of 10-15kg, stirs and evenly mixs, and plastics are fully soaked into, and leaves standstill, and separates the plastics of the upper and lower.With isolated upper strata plastics, randomly draw 5 groups of samples, oven dry (80 ℃, 2h) after, after sample is made in injection mo(u)lding, adopt energy dispersion x-ray spectrometer (Jiangsu Tianrui Instrument Co., Ltd) to carry out the test of bromine content, test result is as shown in table 1.Solution in the separating plastic pond can repeat the sorting of plastics, only needs to replenish density separation medium and flotation size in good time.
The bromine content of the HIPS plastics of table 1 embodiment 1 sorting
| Testing time | Bromine content (ppm) |
| First group | 695.2 |
| Second group | 726.4 |
[0022]?
| The 3rd group | 686.3 |
| The 4th group | 820.5 |
| The 5th group | 835.3 |
Comparative Examples 1
Raw material is identical with embodiment 1, if adopt the sorting of density separation method separately, does not add size, and the bromine content of the plastics that sub-elect is comparatively unstable, and the result who tests is as shown in table 2.
The bromine content of the HIPS plastics of table 2 Comparative Examples 1 sorting
| Testing time | Bromine content (ppm) |
| First group | 34.8 |
| Second group | 548.3 |
| The 3rd group | 1673.6 |
| The 4th group | 326.5 |
| The 5th group | 4294.3 |
By the mensuration to the brominated amount of upper strata plastics, show that the bromine content in the upper strata plastics that the method for separating that adopts density separation and floatation to combine sub-elects all meets the RoHS standard, and the bromine content of the plastics that sub-elect is comparatively stable; And adopt the sorting of single density separation method, then do not reach sorting requirement preferably.
Embodiment 2
The waste and old ABS plastic of the 200-300kg that treats sorting is broken into particle diameter≤1cm that size and dimension is more or less the same
2The plastics sheet stock, preparation 5-6 ton density is 1.035 Na in minute scavenger
2SO
4Solution, the ligninsulfonate of adding 10-15kg stirs and evenly mixs, and plastics are fully soaked into, and leaves standstill, and separates the plastics of the upper and lower.With isolated upper strata plastics, randomly draw 5 groups of samples, oven dry (85 ℃, 2h) after, after sample is made in injection mo(u)lding, adopt energy dispersion x-ray spectrometer (Jiangsu Tianrui Instrument Co., Ltd) to carry out the test of bromine content, test result is as shown in table 3.
The bromine content of the ABS plastic of table 3 embodiment 3 sortings
| Testing time | Bromine content (ppm) |
| First group | 258.3 |
| Second group | 297.1 |
| The 3rd group | 275.7 |
| The 4th group | 254.5 |
[0032]?
| The 4th group | 239.3 |
Comparative Examples 2
Raw material is identical with embodiment 1, if adopt the sorting of density separation method separately, does not add size, and the bromine content of the plastics that sub-elect is comparatively unstable, and the result who tests is as shown in table 4.
The bromine content of the ABS plastic of table 4 Comparative Examples 2 sortings
| Testing time | Bromine content (ppm) |
| First group | 29.3 |
| Second group | 1139.8 |
| The 3rd group | 1819.9 |
| The 4th group | 8873.4 |
| The 5th group | 398.4 |
From the sorting example of stating two kinds of plastics as can be seen, the method for separating that adopts density separation and floatation to combine can effectively be isolated the plastics that bromine content meets the RoHS standard, and the plastics bromine content that sub-elects is comparatively stable; And adopt the sorting of single density separation method, then do not reach the sorting requirement.
The above, above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention all can only be thought can not limit the present invention to explanation of the present invention, claims have been pointed out scope of the present invention, and scope of the present invention is not pointed out in above-mentioned explanation, therefore, in the implication suitable with claims of the present invention and any change in the scope, all should think to be included in the scope of claims.
Claims (6)
1. the method for separating of waste or used plastics is characterized in that, adopts the method for density separation and flotation combination.
2. the method for separating of waste or used plastics according to claim 1 is characterized in that, waste or used plastics is crushed to its particle diameter≤1cm
2, add density separation medium and flotation wetting agent then successively, stir and evenly mix, leave standstill, isolate the upper strata plastics and get final product; Wherein, the weight proportion of waste or used plastics, density separation medium and flotation wetting agent is: waste or used plastics 50-60 part, density separation medium 1000-1200 part, flotation wetting agent 2-3 part.
3. the method for separating of waste or used plastics according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, leaves standstill 15-30 second in the described method for separating.
4. the method for separating of waste or used plastics according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described waste or used plastics is a kind of among HIPS, ABS, PP, PE, PA, PVC or the PET.
5. the method for separating of waste or used plastics according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described density separation medium is water, CaCl
2Solution, Ca (NO
3)
2Solution, Na
2SO
4At least a in solution or the NaCl solution.
6. the method for separating of waste or used plastics according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that described flotation wetting agent is at least a among alkylsulfonate, alkylbenzenesulfonate, alkene sulfonate, fatty alcohol ether sulphate, ligninsulfonate, tannic acid, gelatin, quebracho juice, sapn, montan wax, laruyl alcohol, glycan, waterglass or the NaOH.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013101614985A CN103286000A (en) | 2013-05-06 | 2013-05-06 | Method for sorting waste plastics |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013101614985A CN103286000A (en) | 2013-05-06 | 2013-05-06 | Method for sorting waste plastics |
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| CN103286000A true CN103286000A (en) | 2013-09-11 |
Family
ID=49087833
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| CN2013101614985A Pending CN103286000A (en) | 2013-05-06 | 2013-05-06 | Method for sorting waste plastics |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103665718A (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2014-03-26 | 四川长虹格润再生资源有限责任公司 | Method for toughening high impact polystyrene by using waste thermoplastic elastomer |
| CN104475260A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-04-01 | 重庆可益荧新材料有限公司 | Flotation system and method for separating ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) and HIPS (High Impact Polystyrene) |
| CN104511369A (en) * | 2015-01-20 | 2015-04-15 | 中南大学 | Method for waste mixed plastic separation |
| CN105107619A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-12-02 | 临武县华湘再生资源回收有限公司 | Classifying and sorting production line for ABS and PP plastic fragments or particles |
| CN105399983A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-03-16 | 中南大学 | A separating method of mixed plastics |
| CN106881782A (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2017-06-23 | 长安大学 | A kind of method of FLOTATION SEPARATION high density polyethylene (HDPE), polypropylene and polyethylene terephthalate in mixed plastic from multicomponent |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2437408Y (en) * | 2000-07-13 | 2001-07-04 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | Binary mix material floatation device |
| CN1334145A (en) * | 2000-07-13 | 2002-02-06 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Floatation separator of waste plastics |
| JP2003062482A (en) * | 2001-08-28 | 2003-03-04 | Komatsu Ltd | Foamed body sorting apparatus and sorting method |
| CN101941255A (en) * | 2010-06-10 | 2011-01-12 | 甘肃大禹节水股份有限公司 | Water flotation regeneration process of agricultural waste plastics |
-
2013
- 2013-05-06 CN CN2013101614985A patent/CN103286000A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2437408Y (en) * | 2000-07-13 | 2001-07-04 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | Binary mix material floatation device |
| CN1334145A (en) * | 2000-07-13 | 2002-02-06 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Floatation separator of waste plastics |
| JP2003062482A (en) * | 2001-08-28 | 2003-03-04 | Komatsu Ltd | Foamed body sorting apparatus and sorting method |
| CN101941255A (en) * | 2010-06-10 | 2011-01-12 | 甘肃大禹节水股份有限公司 | Water flotation regeneration process of agricultural waste plastics |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103665718A (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2014-03-26 | 四川长虹格润再生资源有限责任公司 | Method for toughening high impact polystyrene by using waste thermoplastic elastomer |
| CN103665718B (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2016-03-23 | 四川长虹格润再生资源有限责任公司 | Utilize the method for waste and old thermoplastic elastomer toughening high-impact polystyrene |
| CN104475260A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-04-01 | 重庆可益荧新材料有限公司 | Flotation system and method for separating ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) and HIPS (High Impact Polystyrene) |
| CN104511369A (en) * | 2015-01-20 | 2015-04-15 | 中南大学 | Method for waste mixed plastic separation |
| CN105107619A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-12-02 | 临武县华湘再生资源回收有限公司 | Classifying and sorting production line for ABS and PP plastic fragments or particles |
| CN105107619B (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2018-09-25 | 临武县华湘再生资源回收有限公司 | The classification and sorting production line of ABS, PP plastic flakes or particle |
| CN105399983A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-03-16 | 中南大学 | A separating method of mixed plastics |
| CN106881782A (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2017-06-23 | 长安大学 | A kind of method of FLOTATION SEPARATION high density polyethylene (HDPE), polypropylene and polyethylene terephthalate in mixed plastic from multicomponent |
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Application publication date: 20130911 |