CN105347972B - Using mesopore silicon oxide as the compost method of heavy metal deactivator and microbe carrier - Google Patents
Using mesopore silicon oxide as the compost method of heavy metal deactivator and microbe carrier Download PDFInfo
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000006078 metal deactivator Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000186046 Actinomyces Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000194103 Bacillus pumilus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000235342 Saccharomycetes Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000397 disodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003926 acrylamides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000194108 Bacillus licheniformis Species 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 abstract description 6
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 9
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 4
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007226 seed germination Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000726221 Gemma Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910003978 SiClx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GZUXJHMPEANEGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromomethane Chemical compound BrC GZUXJHMPEANEGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000019800 disodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019799 monosodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 2
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011837 N,N-methylenebisacrylamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940102396 methyl bromide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-methylenebisacrylamide Chemical compound C=CC(=O)NCNC(=O)C=C ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/113—Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
- C01B33/12—Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid
- C01B33/18—Preparation of finely divided silica neither in sol nor in gel form; After-treatment thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/12—Surface area
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/16—Pore diameter
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of using mesopore silicon oxide as the compost method of heavy metal deactivator and microbe carrier, using dewatered sludge as raw material, add the mixture of sheep manure and sawdust, the mesopore silicon oxide for adding area load compost bacterium is conditioner, addition mesopore silicon oxide is heavy metal deactivator, it is sufficiently mixed and is placed in compost container, it is 23 to adjust each component content its moisture content is made to be 65% or so, C/N ratios:1, compost is carried out by the way of dynamic air blast, control heap temperature is not higher than 70 DEG C, after 25 days compost, obtains composting production；Mesopore silicon oxide can effectively adsorb heavy metal ion, and be reacted with heavy metal ion using nano grain surface group, to change the form of heavy metal, reduce its toxicity.The duct of a large amount of 2 ~ 50 nm is contained on mesopore silicon oxide surface simultaneously, provides place for inhabiting for microorganism, can accelerate the growth and breeding of microorganism, improves composting efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to solid waste resource recoveries to utilize field, and in particular to a kind of to be attached most importance to metallic blunt with mesopore silicon oxide
The compost method of agent and microbe carrier.
Background technology
With the quickening of Urbanization in China, treatment rate of domestic sewage improves year by year, what municipal sewage plant generated
Sludge also sharply increases.Currently, the running municipal sewage plant's quantity in China reaches 1414, sewage treatment capacity reaches
84080000 ton days, the moon about 2,000,000,000 tons of treated sewage amount, sludge yield（Moisture content 80%）It is 7/10000ths of sewage load,
2,000,000 tons of sludge are monthly generated, the annual whole nation needs disposing sludge（80% moisture content）About 25,000,000 tons.Containing a large amount of in sludge
Organic matter and other nutrients can effectively kill harmful levels of pathogens in sludge by high temperature aerobic composting, and obtain rich in organic
The fertilizer of matter.
With the fast development of aquaculture, the feces of livestock and poultry of generation is more and more, if be not subject to these feces of livestock and poultry
Processing, will increasingly sharpen to the pollution of environment.Feces of livestock and poultry contains a large amount of organic matters, can use it for sludge aerobic compost,
Carbon source and nitrogen source are provided for microbial growth.However, containing heavy metal in sludge and feces of livestock and poultry, it is necessary to reduce heavy metal
Its composting production is used for agricultural production or urban afforestation by toxicity.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to：One kind is provided using mesopore silicon oxide as heavy metal deactivator and microorganism
The compost method of carrier.
Purpose to realize the present invention, is achieved using following technical scheme：One kind is using mesopore silicon oxide as heavy metal
The compost method of passivator and microbe carrier, the dewatered sludge that the moisture content that 75 ~ 85% are separated into weight is 80% or so are
Raw material, the mixture for the sheep manure and sawdust that the moisture content for adding 15 ~ 25% is 5%, adds Jie of 3 ~ 10% area load compost bacteriums
Hole silica is conditioner, and the mesopore silicon oxide of addition 1 ~ 5% is heavy metal deactivator, is sufficiently mixed and is placed in compost container,
It is 23 to adjust each component content its moisture content is made to be 65% or so, C/N ratios:1, compost, air blast are carried out by the way of dynamic air blast
Amount is 6 ~ 8 m3/ht, and control heap temperature is not higher than 70 DEG C, and after 25 days compost, material is completely decomposed, obtains compost
Product；
The preparation method of the mesopore silicon oxide is as follows：With tetraethyl orthosilicate（TEOS）For silicon source, with cetyl three
Methyl bromide ammonium（CTAB）For template；The NaOH solution of 2.1 mL, 2 mol/L and 0.6 g CTAB are added to 288 mL to steam
In distilled water, then in 80 DEG C of heating under stirring, until solution becomes clarification；Then 3 mL TEOS are added dropwise, and stir
It mixes, 2 h is reacted at 80 DEG C；After reaction, acquired solution is centrifuged, dry, it is solid to obtain white powder for grinding
Body；The template agent removing, detailed process is gone to be with calcination method：By 1.0 g acrylamides, 0.1 mg crosslinking agent N under stirring,
N- methylene-bisacrylamides and 25 mg (NH4) 2S2O8 are added in suspensions of 10 g containing 5% nano-particle, ultrasound 15
Min makes nano particle be fully dispersed in solution；Then, temperature is increased to 50 °C, makes the organic monomer of addition that polymerization occur anti-
It answers, acquired solution is dried overnight in 80 ~ 100 °C；Later, calcining obtains the mesoporous oxygen of good dispersion property under 550 °C
SiClx；
The mesopore silicon oxide preparation method of the load compost bacterium is as follows：A certain amount of mesopore silicon oxide is added to liquid
In body culture medium, compost bacterium group becomes high temperature resistant actinomyces isolated from composting production, saccharomycete, lichens gemma bar
Bacterium, bacillus pumilus flora；The culture medium is the beef extract culture medium containing inorganic salts, and ingredient is beef extract 15 ~ 25%,
NaCl 0.5 ~ 3%, (NH4) SO4 0.1 ~ 5%, NaH2PO4 1%, Na2HPO4 0.5%, pH 7 ~ 7.5, mesopore silicon oxide is in liquid
Mass fraction is 0.1 ~ 1% in culture medium, constant temperature incubation 7 days, and centrifugation, drying to obtain load have the mesoporous oxidation of compost bacterium
Nano silicon particles.
The present invention also provides a kind of using mesopore silicon oxide as the compost method of heavy metal deactivator and microbe carrier, with weight
The dewatered sludge that the moisture content that amount is separated into 75 ~ 85% is 80% or so is raw material, the sheep manure that the moisture content for adding 15 ~ 25% is 5%
Mesopore silicon oxide with the mixture of sawdust, 3 ~ 10% area load compost bacterium of addition is conditioner, the mesoporous oxidation of addition 1 ~ 5%
Silicon is heavy metal deactivator, is sufficiently mixed and is placed in compost container, and adjusting each component content makes its moisture content be 65% or so,
C/N ratios are 23:1, compost is carried out by the way of dynamic air blast, the blow rate required is 6 ~ 8 m3/ht, and control heap temperature is not higher than
70 DEG C, after 25 days compost, material is completely decomposed, obtains composting production.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Mesopore silicon oxide is a kind of porosity nano particle,
Specific surface area is up to 1000 m2/ g or more is applied in compost, can effectively adsorb heavy metal ion, and utilize nanometer
Grain surface group is reacted with heavy metal ion, to change the form of heavy metal, reduces its toxicity.Meanwhile mesopore silicon oxide table
The duct of a large amount of 2 ~ 50 nm is contained in face, and place is provided for inhabiting for microorganism, has the mesopore silicon oxide of microorganism to be added load
Into heap body, the growth and breeding of microorganism can be accelerated, improve composting efficiency.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment 1
It is 78% 50 kg of certain municipal sewage plant's dewatered sludge to take moisture content, adds sawdust and 7.5 kg of sheep manure, is situated between
1 kg of hole silica nano particle, load have 2.5 kg of mesopore silicon oxide particle of compost bacterium, and it is 65% to adjust initial aqueous rate
Left and right, C/N ratios are 23:1, it is sufficiently mixed, is then placed in compost container and carries out aerobic compost, ventilation quantity is 6.5 m3/ ht,
Daily air blast three times, 30 min every time.Daily 9 during compost:00,15:00,21:00 record heap temperature, average value conduct
The heap temperature on the same day, while environment temperature is recorded, it uses sample quarterlies primary every three days, after sample air-dries crushing, crosses 0.5
Mm sieves store for future use.Sample pH value, moisture content, seed germination index, heavy metal Cu, Pb, Zn content and Heavy Metals are detected,
And calculate heavy metal deactivation rate.
Testing result shows and control group（Directly strain is mixed in material and is not added with mesopore silicon oxide particle）Phase
Than, addition mesopore silicon oxide particle and load have the mesopore silicon oxide particle of compost bacterium after, heap body heating rate faster, and
Maximum temperature wants 5 DEG C high.Meanwhile the content that mesopore silicon oxide can obviously reduce transportable property heavy metal Cu, Pb, Zn is added, with
It is compared before compost, the content of transportable property Cu, Pb, Zn have dropped 65.2%, 31.5% and 73.6% respectively.Be not added with mesoporous oxygen
The sludge composting of SiClx is compared, and the content that addition mesopore silicon oxide can directly reduce transportable property Cu and Zn respectively reaches 35% He
21%。
Embodiment 2
It is 83% 100 kg of certain municipal sewage plant's dewatered sludge to take moisture content, adds sawdust and 20 kg of sheep manure, is situated between
2.5 kg of hole silica nano particle, load have 5 kg of mesopore silicon oxide particle of compost bacterium, and it is 65% to adjust initial aqueous rate
Left and right, C/N ratios are 24:1, it is sufficiently mixed, is then placed in compost container and carries out aerobic compost, ventilation quantity is 7.5 m3/ ht,
Daily air blast three times, 30 min every time.Daily 9 during compost:00,15:00,21:00 record heap temperature, average value conduct
The heap temperature on the same day, while environment temperature is recorded, it uses sample quarterlies primary every three days, after sample air-dries crushing, crosses 0.5
Mm sieves store for future use.Sample pH value, moisture content, seed germination index, heavy metal Cu, Pb, Zn content and Heavy Metals are detected,
And calculate heavy metal deactivation rate.
Testing result shows and control group（Directly strain is mixed in material and is not added with mesopore silicon oxide particle）Phase
Than, after addition mesopore silicon oxide particle has the mesopore silicon oxide particle of compost bacterium with load, the heap body megathermal period（≧55 ℃）
It grows 3 days, moisture content is lower, and composting cycle is 4 days short.Meanwhile it adding mesopore silicon oxide and can obviously reduce a transportable property huge sum of money
Belong to the content of Cu, Pb, Zn, compared with before compost, the content of transportable property Cu, Pb, Zn have dropped 75.4%, 35.5% and respectively
76.1%.Compared with the sludge composting for being not added with mesopore silicon oxide, addition mesopore silicon oxide can be directly high to heavy metal Cu and Zn
Passivation effect.
Embodiment 3
It is 84% 25 kg of certain municipal sewage plant's dewatered sludge to take moisture content, adds sawdust and 1.5 kg of sheep manure, is situated between
0.2 kg of hole silica nano particle, load have 0.5 kg of mesopore silicon oxide particle of compost bacterium, adjust initial aqueous rate and are
65% or so, C/N ratio are 25:1, it is sufficiently mixed, is then placed in compost container and carries out aerobic compost, ventilation quantity is 8 m3/h·
T, daily air blast three times, 30 min every time.Daily 9 during compost:00,15:00,21:00 record heap temperature, average value are made
For the heap temperature on the same day, while recording environment temperature, use sample quarterlies primary every three days, sample air-dries crush after, mistake
0.5 mm sieves store for future use.Detect sample pH value, moisture content, seed germination index, heavy metal Cu, Pb, Zn content and heavy metal
Form, and calculate heavy metal deactivation rate.
Testing result shows and control group（Directly strain is mixed in material and is not added with mesopore silicon oxide particle）Phase
Than after addition mesopore silicon oxide particle has the mesopore silicon oxide particle of compost bacterium with load, heap body maximum temperature is up to 72
DEG C, hence it is evident that it is higher than control group.Meanwhile the content that mesopore silicon oxide can obviously reduce transportable property heavy metal Cu, Pb, Zn is added,
Compared with before compost, the content of transportable property Cu, Pb, Zn have dropped 61.4%, 29.5% and 68.6% respectively.It is mesoporous with being not added with
The sludge composting of silica is compared, and after adding mesopore silicon oxide, 15% and 23% has been respectively increased to the passivation effect of Cu and Zn.
In above three embodiments, the preparation method of the mesopore silicon oxide is as follows：With tetraethyl orthosilicate（TEOS）For
Silicon source, with cetyl trimethylammonium bromide（CTAB）For template；By the NaOH solution and 0.6 g of 2.1 mL, 2 mol/L
CTAB is added in 288 mL distilled water, then in 80 DEG C of heating under stirring, until solution becomes clarification；Then dropwise
3 mL TEOS are added, and stir, 2 h are reacted at 80 DEG C；After reaction, acquired solution is centrifuged, it is dry, it grinds
Mill obtains white powdery solids；The template agent removing, detailed process is gone to be with calcination method：By 1.0 g propylene under stirring
Amide, 0.1 mg crosslinking agents N, N- methylene-bisacrylamide and 25 mg (NH4) 2S2O8 are added to 10 g and contain 5% nanometer
In the suspension of particle, 15 min of ultrasound make nano particle be fully dispersed in solution；Then, temperature is increased to 50 °C, makes to add
Polymerisation occurs for the organic monomer entered, and acquired solution is dried overnight in 80 ~ 100 °C；Later, it is calcined under 550 °C
To the mesopore silicon oxide of good dispersion property；
The mesopore silicon oxide preparation method of the load compost bacterium is as follows：A certain amount of mesopore silicon oxide is added to liquid
In body culture medium, compost bacterium group becomes high temperature resistant actinomyces isolated from composting production, saccharomycete, lichens gemma bar
Bacterium, bacillus pumilus flora；The culture medium is the beef extract culture medium containing inorganic salts, and ingredient is beef extract 15 ~ 25%,
NaCl 0.5 ~ 3%, (NH4) SO4 0.1 ~ 5%, NaH2PO4 1%, Na2HPO4 0.5%, pH 7 ~ 7.5, mesopore silicon oxide is in liquid
Mass fraction is 0.1 ~ 1% in culture medium, constant temperature incubation 7 days, and centrifugation, drying to obtain load have the mesoporous oxidation of compost bacterium
Nano silicon particles.
In three embodiments, the content fall of transportable property Cu, Pb, Zn of scheme of embodiment 2 reaches maximum, for most
Good embodiment.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of using mesopore silicon oxide as the compost method of heavy metal deactivator and microbe carrier, it is characterised in that：With weight
Score be 75 ~ 85% moisture content be 80% or so dewatered sludge be raw material, addition 15 ~ 25% moisture content be 5% sheep manure with
The mesopore silicon oxide of the mixture of sawdust, 3 ~ 10% area load compost bacteriums of addition is conditioner, the mesoporous oxidation of addition 1 ~ 5%
Silicon is heavy metal deactivator, is sufficiently mixed and is placed in compost container, and adjusting each component content makes its moisture content be 65% or so,
C/N ratios are 23:1, compost, blow rate required 6-8m are carried out by the way of dynamic air blast3/ h.t, control heap temperature are not higher than
70 DEG C, after 25 days compost, material is completely decomposed, obtains composting production；
The preparation method of the mesopore silicon oxide is as follows：With tetraethyl orthosilicate（TEOS）For silicon source, with cetyl trimethyl
Ammonium bromide（CTAB）For template；The NaOH solution of 2.1 mL, 2 mol/L and 0.6 g CTAB are added to 288 mL distilled water
In, then in 80 DEG C of heating under stirring, until solution becomes clarification；Then 3 mL TEOS are added dropwise, and stir,
2 h are reacted at 80 DEG C；After reaction, acquired solution is centrifuged, dry, grinding obtains white powdery solids；With
Calcination method goes the template agent removing, detailed process to be：It is under stirring that 1.0 g acrylamides, 0.1 mg crosslinking agents N, N- is sub-
Bisacrylamide and 25 mg (NH4)2S2O8It is added in suspensions of 10 g containing 5% nano-particle, 15 min of ultrasound
Nano particle is set to be fully dispersed in solution；Then, temperature is increased to 50 DEG C, makes the organic monomer of addition that polymerization occur anti-
It answers, acquired solution is dried overnight in 80 ~ 100 DEG C；Later, calcining obtains the mesoporous of good dispersion property at 550 DEG C
Silica；
The mesopore silicon oxide preparation method of the load compost bacterium is as follows：A certain amount of mesopore silicon oxide is added to liquid training
Support base in, compost bacterium group become high temperature resistant actinomyces isolated from composting production, saccharomycete, bacillus licheniformis,
Bacillus pumilus flora；The culture medium is the beef extract culture medium containing inorganic salts, and ingredient is beef extract 15 ~ 25%, NaCl
0.5 ~ 3%, (NH4)2SO40.1 ~ 5%, NaH2PO41%, Na2HPO40.5%, pH 7 ~ 7.5, mesopore silicon oxide liquid medium within
Middle mass fraction is 0.1 ~ 1%, constant temperature incubation 7 days, and centrifugation, drying to obtain load have the mesoporous monox nanometer of compost bacterium
Particle.
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