CN105345599A - In-situ detecting equipment for abrasion on rear face of turning tool - Google Patents
In-situ detecting equipment for abrasion on rear face of turning tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN105345599A CN105345599A CN201510946070.0A CN201510946070A CN105345599A CN 105345599 A CN105345599 A CN 105345599A CN 201510946070 A CN201510946070 A CN 201510946070A CN 105345599 A CN105345599 A CN 105345599A
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- turning cutting
- telecentric lens
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
- B23Q17/0952—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining
- B23Q17/0957—Detection of tool breakage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/24—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves
- B23Q17/2409—Arrangements for indirect observation of the working space using image recording means, e.g. a camera
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/24—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves
- B23Q17/2452—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves for measuring features or for detecting a condition of machine parts, tools or workpieces
- B23Q17/2457—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves for measuring features or for detecting a condition of machine parts, tools or workpieces of tools
Abstract
The invention discloses in-situ detecting equipment for abrasion on the rear face of a turning tool. The in-situ detecting equipment comprises an imaging device and a pose and position adjusting device, wherein the imaging device comprises a camera, a telecentric lens and coaxial light sources, the telecentric lens is mounted on the camera, and the coaxial light sources are fixed at the tail end of the telecentric lens; the pixel of the camera is not lower than 200w, and the chip of the camera is not smaller than 1/1.8 inch in size; the distortion factor of the telecentric lens is not higher than 0.02 percent; the image resolution of the combination of the camera and the telecentric lens is not lower than 400 pixel/mm, and the entire length is not longer than 150 mm; and the pose and position adjusting device is used for achieving multi-degree-of-freedom precision adjustment of the imaging device. During the work, the imaging device is fixed on one side, positioned on the outer normal of the rear face of the turning tool, of a lathe lateral displacement planker through the pose and position adjusting device. The in-situ detecting equipment provided by the invention has the advantages of high measuring accuracy, convenience in measurement and the like, and is applicable to abrasion on the rear face of the turning tool.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Tool Wear Monitoring field, more specifically, relate to a kind of turning cutting tool wear of the tool flank at level detecting apparatus.
Background technology
Lathe tool is the main forming tool in turnery processing, and the wearing and tearing of cutter and destruction are the principal elements affecting cutting quality.Cutter makes the machining accuracy of workpiece reduce after producing wearing and tearing, and surface integrity worsens, and causes the increase of cutting force and cutting temperature to rise further, reduces the processing life-span of cutter further, directly affects processing cost and working (machining) efficiency.Along with the automation of process, high speed and intellectuality, the detection of cutter duty has become an important component part of modern Tutrning Process monitoring.
The wear type opsition dependent of lathe tool can be divided into the form such as wear of the tool flank, crescent hollow abrasion, tipping, fragmentation, and wherein, wear of the tool flank is the gradual wearing and tearing of one in normal process process, is one of modal wear form.The roughness state of state of wear on surface of the work of rear knife face has conclusive impact, and therefore, after lathe tool, the wear monitoring of knife face is to ensureing that crudy has very important meaning.
Lathe tool wear of the tool flank state-detection conventional at present, mainly based on the offline inspection form of high magnification light microscope, needs lathe tool to disassemble from Working position, is put on special measuring table and detects.This method efficiency is low, and due to needs dismounting cutter, changes the relative position of workpiece and cutter, can reduce machining accuracy to a certain extent.For this problem, some scholars propose based on camera at position detecting method, but owing to there is distortion in its camera lens used, need before measuring to demarcate distortion with correcting image to camera lens, but conventional scaling method limited precision, and the eroded area of lathe tool is little, general optical lens is difficult to meet the requirements of certainty of measurement.In addition, because conventional CCD camera visual field is comparatively large, and target area is very little, and therefore the position of light source is very large on becoming the impact of phase quality, requires higher to follow-up image measurement algorithm.There is the measuring method relating to wear of the tool flank in partial monopoly, but due to the problem of setting angle and position, substantially cannot be applied on the wear of the tool flank of lathe tool.
Summary of the invention
For above defect or the Improvement requirement of prior art, the invention provides a kind of turning cutting tool wear of the tool flank at level detection apparatus, wherein by adopting telecentric lens, solve the distortion correction problem of conventional camera lens, by adopting a kind of camera and camera lens combination of small field of view, and throw light in conjunction with axis light, in solution conventional method, light source is on the impact of image quality, and devise one multiple degrees of freedom adjusting device flexibly, by reasonably mounting arrangements, the precise perpendicularity achieving camera lens and imaging plane is located, and ensure that the one-tenth phase quality of picture.
For achieving the above object, the present invention proposes a kind of turning cutting tool wear of the tool flank at level detection apparatus, this equipment comprises imaging device and pose adjusting device, wherein:
The imaging viewing field of described imaging device is not more than 5mm × 5mm, and it comprises camera, telecentric lens and coaxial light source, and described telecentric lens is arranged on camera, and described coaxial light source is fixedly mounted on the end of described telecentric lens; The pixel of described camera is not less than 200W, and its chip size is not less than 1/1.8 inch; The aberration rate of described telecentric lens is not higher than 0.02%, during focus, after camera lens front end and turning cutting tool to be measured, the vertical range of knife face is not more than 100mm, the image resolution ratio that described camera and telecentric lens combine is not less than 400pixel/mm, and entire length is not more than 150mm; During detection, the axes normal of described imaging device is in the rear knife face of turning cutting tool to be measured;
Described pose adjusting device, for realizing the multiple degrees of freedom fine adjustment of described imaging device, to make the axis of imaging device vertical with the rear knife face of turning cutting tool to be measured, ensures the accurate focusing of imaging device.
As preferred further, described coaxial light source is preferably the coaxial annular light source of white.
As further preferred, described pose adjusting device is fixed on the exterior normal side being positioned at knife face after turning cutting tool of lathe lateral displacement planker.
As further preferred, described pose adjusting device comprises Z-direction regulon, Y-direction regulon and X to regulon, with realize the Z-direction of described imaging device, Y-direction and X to translation and rotation.
As preferred further, described Z-direction regulon comprises Z-direction rotary actuator and Z-direction rotary fine adjustment knob, described Z-direction rotary actuator is fixed on base clamp, and described Z-direction rotary fine adjustment knob, for regulating Z-direction rotary actuator, makes camera 1 rotate around Z axis; Described Z-direction rotary actuator is fixed with column, described column is fixed with Z-direction displacement governor, regulate Z-direction displacement governor by Z-direction displacement vernier knob, make camera along Z-direction translation.
As further preferred, described X comprises to regulon and is fixed on X on Z-direction displacement governor to displacement governor, and it is regulated to displacement vernier knob by X, to make camera along X to translation, it is connected with translation guide plate.
As preferred further, described Y-direction regulon comprises the Y-direction displacement governor be fixed on translation guide plate, and it is regulated by Y-direction displacement vernier knob, to make camera along Y-direction translation.
As preferred further, described Y-direction displacement governor is provided with X to rotary actuator, and described X is regulated to rotary fine adjustment knob to rotary actuator by X, rotates around X-axis to make camera.
As preferred further, described camera is fixed on described X on rotary actuator.
In general, the above technical scheme conceived by the present invention compared with prior art, mainly possesses following technological merit:
1. the present invention is by designing the imaging device be made up of camera, telecentric lens and coaxial light source, and carry out studying to the parameter of camera, telecentric lens and coaxial light source and set, by adopting, pixel is not less than 200W, chip size is not less than the camera of 1/1.8 inch, coordinate aberration rate not higher than 0.02%, with turning cutting tool to be measured after the vertical range of knife face be not more than the telecentric lens of 100mm, throw light in conjunction with axis light simultaneously, imaging device can be obtained be not more than the little imaging viewing field of 5mm × 5mm, image resolution ratio is not less than 400pixel/mm; By adopting telecentric lens, solve the distortion correction problem of conventional camera lens, by adopting camera and the camera lens combination of small field of view, throw light in conjunction with axis light, in solution conventional method, light source is on the impact of image quality, there is certainty of measurement high, measure the advantages such as convenient, be suitable for applying on the wear of the tool flank of lathe tool.
2. the present invention have also been devised one multiple degrees of freedom pose adjusting device flexibly, by arranging X, Y and Z three-dimensional regulon, and arrange according to the reasonable installation of X, Y and Z three-dimensional regulon, realize the high-precision effective adjustment of multiple degrees of freedom of imaging device, vertical with the rear knife face of the axis with turning cutting tool to be measured that realize imaging device, ensure that the precise perpendicularity of camera lens and imaging plane is located and the accurate focusing of imaging device, the one-tenth phase quality of guarantee picture.
3. the present invention is little according to knife face tested surface size after turning cutting tool, the feature that required precision is high, selects the camera of small size high pixel dexterously, coordinates high-precision telecentric lens, achieve the high-efficiency high-accuracy imaging to lathe tool wear of the tool flank district; By reasonably arranging the installation site of camera system, devise the multiple degrees of freedom pose regulating system of compact conformation, under the prerequisite not disturbing lathe normal process, the effective location of camera system can be realized in very limited space (about 200mm).
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation at level detection apparatus of turning cutting tool wear of the tool flank of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the scheme of installation at level detection apparatus of turning cutting tool wear of the tool flank of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the installation sketch at level detection apparatus of turning cutting tool wear of the tool flank of the present invention;
Fig. 4 (a)-(d) is of the present invention at the scheme of installation of level detection apparatus under lathe tool is in different working cutting edge angles.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.In addition, if below in described each embodiment of the present invention involved technical characteristic do not form conflict each other and just can mutually combine.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of turning cutting tool wear of the tool flank of the present invention at level detection apparatus, it mainly comprises imaging device and pose adjusting device.By imaging device, the wear of the tool flank district to turning cutting tool carries out high-precision taking pictures, and image resolution ratio reaches more than 400pixel/mm, according to the abrasion condition of knife face after the photo acquisition cutter of shooting, according to the abrasion condition obtained, selects to operate accordingly.Realized the multiple degrees of freedom fine adjustment of imaging device by pose adjusting device, to make the axis of imaging device vertical with the rear knife face of turning cutting tool to be measured, ensure the accurate focusing of imaging device.
More specific detail will be carried out one by one below to key component of the present invention.
As one of key component of the present invention, imaging device comprises camera 1, telecentric lens 1-1 and coaxial light source 1-2, telecentric lens 1-1 is arranged on camera 1, coaxial light source 1-2 is fixedly mounted on the end of telecentric lens 1-1, during detection, the axes normal of imaging device entirety is in the rear knife face of turning cutting tool to be measured.Concrete, the pixel of camera 1 is not less than 2,000,000 (200W), and the chip size of camera is not less than 1/1.8 inch, ensures that camera has the single times of image resolution ratio being not less than 200pixel/mm with this; The aberration rate of telecentric lens 1-1 is not higher than 0.02%, and during focus, after telecentric lens end face and tested lathe tool, the vertical range of knife face is not more than 100mm, ensures that camera system can not produce the normal use of lathe interfere with this; The image resolution ratio that camera 1 and telecentric lens 1-1 combine is not less than 400pixel/mm, and the entire length that camera 1 and telecentric lens 1-1 combine is not more than 150mm; Imaging device of the present invention, by the combination of the camera in the present invention and telecentric lens, obtains the small field of view imaging viewing field being not more than 5mm × 5mm, to ensure the lighting effect of stable high-quality amount, ensures image quality.
In one embodiment, imaging device adopts following configuration: adopt BaslerACA1600-20gc200W pixel CCD camera, camera volume 29 × 29 × 44mm, Pixel Dimensions 4.4 μm × 4.4 μm, size sensor 7.16mm × 5.44mm; Adopt MoritexMML2-ST65DX2 telecentric lens, camera lens overall size Φ 34mm × 97mm, operating distance 65mm, resolution ratio 5.8 μm, depth of field 0.35mm, aberration rate 0.011%; Demarcate through multiplying power, the imaging parameters that camera and camera lens combine is: field size is 3.57mm × 2.71mm, and image resolution ratio is 455.5pixel/mm, and the entire length of camera lens combination is 141mm; Adopt white coaxial annular light source as coaxial light source, light source power is not less than 1.5W, coaxially fixes with camera lens.
As another key component of the present invention, pose adjusting device comprises Z-direction regulon, Y-direction regulon and X to regulon, with realize the Z-direction of imaging device, Y-direction and X to translation and rotation, imaging device is fixed in pose adjusting device.
Wherein, Z-direction regulon preferably adopts following structure:
Mainly comprise Z-direction rotary actuator 9 and Z-direction rotary fine adjustment knob 11, Z-direction rotary actuator 9 is fixed on base clamp 10, and Z-direction rotary fine adjustment knob 11, for regulating Z-direction rotary actuator 9, makes camera 1 rotate around Z axis; Z-direction rotary actuator 9 is fixed with column 6, Z-direction displacement governor 7 is fixedly connected on support post 6, and can regulate fixed position along Z-direction; Regulate Z-direction displacement governor 7 by Z-direction displacement vernier knob 8, make camera 1 along Z-direction translation.
X preferably adopts following structure to regulon:
Mainly comprise the X be fixed on Z-direction displacement governor 7 to be regulated to displacement vernier knob 13 by X to displacement governor 12 to displacement governor 12, X, make camera 1 along X to translation, X is connected with translation guide plate 5 on displacement governor 12.
Y-direction regulon preferably adopts following structure:
Mainly comprise Y-direction displacement governor 3, it is fixedly connected on translation guide plate 5, and can regulate fixed position along Y-direction, and Y-direction displacement governor 3 is regulated by Y-direction displacement vernier knob 4, makes camera 1 along Y-direction translation.
Y-direction displacement governor 3 is provided with X to be regulated to rotary fine adjustment knob 14 by X to rotary actuator 2 to rotary actuator 2, X, camera 1 is rotated around X-axis.Camera 1 is fixed on X on rotary actuator 2.
The occupation mode at level detection apparatus of turning cutting tool wear of the tool flank of the present invention will be illustrated below.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, during turner, the two ends of workpiece 18 are fixed by top 19 and chuck 21, lathe tool 15 is arranged on the X of lathe on displacement planker 20 by knife rest 16, of the present inventionly be arranged on lathe Y-direction displacement planker 17 at level detection apparatus, concrete, imaging device is fixed on lathe Y-direction displacement planker 17 by the base clamp 10 in pose adjusting device and is positioned on the side of the exterior normal side of knife face after lathe tool.By regulating the fixed position of pose adjusting device, camera 1 is not interfered with chuck 21; By knife rest 16 along X to exit to suitable can focusing position, make the corner wear district of lathe tool 15 be positioned at field range by the X of pose adjusting device adjustment camera 1 to, Y-direction, Z-direction position; Regulate camera X to Z-direction angle, make camera axis perpendicular to the rear knife face of tested lathe tool; Finely tune camera Y-direction position finally by Y-direction displacement vernier knob 4, complete focusing; Fixed camera position, record lathe tool current location.
As shown in Fig. 4 (a)-(d), for the working cutting edge angle that cutter is different, the fixing pose of camera 1 needs correspondingly to adjust, and the axis of camera is vertical with the cutting edge of cutter.If the working cutting edge angle α of cutter equals 90 degree, as shown in Fig. 4 (a), or be greater than 90 degree, as shown in Fig. 4 (b), complete installation and pose adjustment in a manner described.If cutter tool cutting edge angle α is less than 90 degree, then determine mounting means according to lathe in the stroke state of X-direction: if the X forward stroke of knife rest can to the enough located space of camera, namely the enough cameras of the distance between chuck to lathe tool are fixed, the state being then less than 90 degree by working cutting edge angle positions, as shown in Fig. 4 (c); If the X of knife rest cannot provide enough installing spaces to stroke, the inadequate camera of the distance namely between chuck to lathe tool is fixed, then cutter station is rotated counterclockwise 90 degree, carry out the location of camera again, as shown in Fig. 4 (d), wherein A is operating position, and B is measuring position.
After completing the adjustment of camera pose, turnery processing can be started.Processing a period of time after, the position of recording when lathe tool being moved to focusing, by the wear map picture of knife face after collected by camera lathe tool, by data wire, by the image transmitting collected to computer to carry out the feature identification of eroded area.If wear extent is in allowed band, then continue processing; If wear extent exceedes usable range, then carry out tool changing operation.
Those skilled in the art will readily understand; the foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. turning cutting tool wear of the tool flank at a level detection apparatus, it is characterized in that, this equipment comprises imaging device and pose adjusting device, wherein:
The imaging viewing field of described imaging device is not more than 5mm × 5mm, it comprises camera (1), telecentric lens (1-1) and coaxial light source (1-2), described telecentric lens (1-1) is arranged on camera (1), and described coaxial light source (1-2) is fixedly mounted on the end of described telecentric lens (1-1); The pixel of described camera (1) is not less than 200W, and its chip size is not less than 1/1.8 inch; The aberration rate of described telecentric lens (1-1) is not higher than 0.02%, during focus, after camera lens front end and turning cutting tool to be measured, the vertical range of knife face is not more than 100mm, the image resolution ratio that described camera (1) and telecentric lens (1-1) combine is not less than 400pixel/mm, and entire length is not more than 150mm; During detection, the axes normal of described imaging device is in the rear knife face of turning cutting tool to be measured;
Described pose adjusting device, for realizing the multiple degrees of freedom fine adjustment of described imaging device, to make the axis of imaging device vertical with the rear knife face of turning cutting tool to be measured, ensures the accurate focusing of imaging device.
2. turning cutting tool wear of the tool flank as claimed in claim 1 at level detection apparatus, it is characterized in that, described coaxial light source (1-2) is preferably the coaxial annular light source of white.
3. turning cutting tool wear of the tool flank as claimed in claim 1 at level detection apparatus, it is characterized in that, described pose adjusting device is fixed on the exterior normal side being positioned at knife face after turning cutting tool of lathe lateral displacement planker.
4. turning cutting tool wear of the tool flank as claimed in claim 1 or 2 at level detection apparatus, it is characterized in that, described pose adjusting device comprises Z-direction regulon, Y-direction regulon and X to regulon, with realize the Z-direction of described imaging device, Y-direction and X to translation and rotation.
5. turning cutting tool wear of the tool flank as claimed in claim 4 at level detection apparatus, it is characterized in that, described Z-direction regulon comprises Z-direction rotary actuator (9) and Z-direction rotary fine adjustment knob (11), described Z-direction rotary actuator (9) is fixed on base clamp (10), described Z-direction rotary fine adjustment knob (11), for regulating Z-direction rotary actuator (9), makes camera 1 rotate around Z axis; Described Z-direction rotary actuator (9) is fixed with column (6), described column (6) is fixed with Z-direction displacement governor (7), regulate Z-direction displacement governor (7) by Z-direction displacement vernier knob (8), make camera (1) along Z-direction translation.
6. turning cutting tool wear of the tool flank as claimed in claim 4 at level detection apparatus, it is characterized in that, described X comprises to regulon and is fixed on X on Z-direction displacement governor (7) to displacement governor (12), it is regulated to displacement vernier knob (13) by X, to make camera (1) along X to translation, it is connected with translation guide plate (5).
7. turning cutting tool wear of the tool flank as claimed in claim 6 at level detection apparatus, it is characterized in that, described Y-direction regulon comprises the Y-direction displacement governor (3) be fixed on translation guide plate (5), it is regulated by Y-direction displacement vernier knob (4), to make camera (1) along Y-direction translation.
8. turning cutting tool wear of the tool flank as claimed in claim 7 at level detection apparatus, it is characterized in that, described Y-direction displacement governor (3) is provided with X to rotary actuator (2), described X is regulated to rotary fine adjustment knob (14) to rotary actuator (2) by X, rotates around X-axis to make camera (1).
9. turning cutting tool wear of the tool flank as claimed in claim 8 at level detection apparatus, it is characterized in that, described camera (1) is fixed on described X on rotary actuator (2).
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| CN201510946070.0A CN105345599B (en) | 2015-12-17 | 2015-12-17 | In-situ detecting equipment for abrasion on rear face of turning tool |
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| CN108655826A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-10-16 | 河北工业大学 | A kind of tool wear visual examination device and visual examination method for numerical control workshop |
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| CN111571307A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-08-25 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | On-machine detection device for cutter abrasion |
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| CN115200476A (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2022-10-18 | 茉丽特科技（深圳）有限公司 | Lathe tool abrasion detection device based on telecentric lens |
| CN115200476B (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2023-03-10 | 茉丽特科技（深圳）有限公司 | Lathe tool abrasion detection device based on telecentric lens |
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| CN117214185B (en) * | 2023-11-08 | 2024-01-30 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Automatic measuring device for pipe threads of oil and gas pipe |
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