CN105345019B - The 3D printing efficient arc discharge preparation facilities of metal dust - Google Patents
The 3D printing efficient arc discharge preparation facilities of metal dust Download PDFInfo
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- CN105345019B CN105345019B CN201510844321.4A CN201510844321A CN105345019B CN 105345019 B CN105345019 B CN 105345019B CN 201510844321 A CN201510844321 A CN 201510844321A CN 105345019 B CN105345019 B CN 105345019B
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- disk roller
- roller wheel
- main roller
- disk
- nozzle
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/14—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes using electric discharge
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of 3D printing efficient arc discharge preparation facilities of metal dust, including liquid-supplying system, drainage system, air supply system, main roller wheel, from disk roller, movement guide mechanism collects filter, discharge power supply, master and slave disk roller power set etc..The present invention is based on fluid dynamic current interruption, mechanical movement current interruption and the electric current interruption of pulse, prevent excessive ablation of the electric arc to electrode, realize the efficient production of automation refining metallic powder, the high-energy-density specifically produced using arc discharge, the arc-plasma of high-temperature, plasma is acted on into main roller wheel and between disk roller, so that main roller wheel, from the melting of disk roller material moment, evaporation, melting, the material of evaporation condenses globulate refining metallic powder under the effect of pressure fluid medium, and particle oxidation is protected from by supply, the particle formed is washed collects separation to collection filter.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mechanized equipment and automatic field, it is related to a kind of efficient arc discharge system of 3D printing metal dust
Standby device.
Background technology
The increases material manufacturing technologies such as 3D printing, laser melting coating are the popular domain of current research.Than traditional subtract material system
Technology is made, restriction increasing material manufacturing process is related to substantial amounts of solid metal material, printing shaping or metallic matrix for part
Cladding finishing.
High temperature melting metal or conductive material that spark plasma electric discharge is produced, can be used to prepare metal dust.Such as
Document is disclosed carries out the method for superalloy powder preparation (in army etc., spark plasma electric discharge system using spark plasma
Standby high temperature alloy fine powder new technology [J] Acta Metallurgica Sinicas .44 (7), 2008:892-896), first, spark discharge is due to electric discharge energy
Amount is low, and electrode spacing is small, is easy to cause short circuit, causes powder to be easy to ablation；Second, preparation efficiency is its main bottleneck, should
Method is discharged based on spark plasma, and low turn into of processing efficiency of spark plasma electric discharge is known together in the industry；In addition, also having
Document, which is disclosed, to carry out powder using electric spark and prepares that (Guo Shuanquan waits spark plasma electric discharges to prepare powder technology [J], material
Leader .24 (10), 2010:112-116), as above, i.e. preparation efficiency is low for its shortcoming, although two of the document and its reference
Document (1. Ackermann, et al.Fabrication of cryogenic refrigerator regenerator
materials by spark erosion:US,5133800[P].1992-07-28；②Carrey J,Radousky H B,
Berkowitz A E.Spark-eroded particles:Influence of pro cessing parameter s[J]
.J Appl Phys,2004,95(3):823) method moved using electrode rotary is disclosed, but based on spark discharge, profit
Chip removal effect is improved with electrode rotary motion can not substantially improve preparation efficiency, and electrode is arranged using immersion, no
Beneficial to liquid or gaseous metal cooling and the radiating of working media, it is unfavorable for refining powder, and the process can not utilize fluid
The effect discharged in vitro spark etc., is unfavorable for preventing the ablation of particle.
Than spark plasma, arc-plasma has high-energy current density, and high-energy-density such as utilizes electric arc
Electric discharge is to metal material processing, and its processing efficiency is than 1-2 order of magnitude of efficiency high of traditional spark electro-discharge machining, and prior art exists
Prepare in refining metallic powder, largely using arc-discharge technique, typical there are two kinds using means, one is to be put using electric arc
The high-temperature heating heating metal that electricity is produced, makes metallic vapour, and various make it that metal dust cools by cooling means
After form refining metallic powder, plasma generator used generally relates to plasma arc furnace etc., such as patent document
Disclosed by CN201010164462.9；Secondly for directly using arc-plasma produce high temperature action on the metal material,
Metal material, by electric current, produces fusing, vaporized electrode material after arc discharge, then make by cooling down various methods as electrode
Gaseous state or liquid metals material formation refining metallic powder are obtained, the 3D printing as disclosed in patent document CN201510159503.8 is used
The preparation method of micro-sized spherical titanium powder, this method utilizes reguline metal titanium workpiece, the particle diameter 30-80nm produced by arc discharge
Particle, the document disclose arc discharge environment be inert gas, using the effect of inert gas be protection metal dust exempt from
Aoxidized, and for example patent document CN201320649362.4 disclose a kind of nano particle preparation system, the system also with
Arc discharge discharges under gaseous environment, prepares refining metallic powder, and the patent utilization high-voltage arc generating means produces electric arc
It is provided for producing two electrodes of electric arc on electric discharge, arc generator, two electrodes are oppositely arranged, positioned at same level
On, and keep end not contact.
In addition to gas phase arc discharge prepares refining metallic powder, also have and prepare refining metallic powder using liquid phase arc discharge
Report, as disclosed in patent document CN02141780.6 liquid phase arc system for ultra-fine grain and monodimension nanometer material method,
Preparation means disclosed by this method are reacted using reactor and the electrode being embedded on reactor, and by being added in reactor
Liquid so that the distance that electrode leading portion submerged in a liquid and adjusted electrode piece is 1-10mm, power supply is put after being powered based on electric arc
Electricity produces refining metallic powder.Reaction liquid used by this method is liquid nitrogen, liquid helium or high purity water, arc discharge duration
For 30 minutes.The patent document methods described is immersed in electrode discharge in reaction solution for utilization and realizes particle preparation, and its shortcoming has：
1) electrode is submerged into continuous discharge 30 minutes in the reaction, necessarily causes reaction solution temperature rise serious, increase cooling recirculation system work
Work meets, and is unfavorable for controlling energy consumption；2) gas temperature such as liquid nitrogen, liquid helium is low, and electrode placement operation is difficult, and high purity water is in electric arc
Electric discharge is produced under ionic discharge effect, and electrical conductivity rises substantially, need to increase ion exchange system.3) side submerged using electrode
Formula, lacks effective short-circuit precautionary measures, and because export license causes continuous preparation difficult.
In a word, prior art prepares metal dust using spark plasma or arc-plasma, the problem of existing
It is summarized as follows, one, preparation efficiency, on the one hand, prepare powder using spark plasma, because its ability is small, preparation efficiency is congenital
Deficiency, on the other hand, is prepared using arc plasma, although high temperature can be produced, but the liquid gold melted in discharge process
Solid granulates after category, the gaseous metal of evaporation and cooling easily trigger short circuit between the electrodes, so as to influence preparation efficiency；
Two, current interruption mechanism, due to the high-energy-density of the plasmas such as electric arc, lasting discharge electrode is easily caused the ablation damage of particle,
If without adequately and reasonably current interruption mechanism, particle preparation quality can be influenceed；Three, particulate removal between electrode, using common bulk
Electrode submergence electric discharge or other preparation methods without auxiliary chip removal campaign, one side spillage of material is uneven to be caused to be difficult to continuity
Prepare, on the other hand easily because particulate removal does not cause short circuit freely；Four, discharge medium protection is particularly discharged immersion,
Medium containing metal dust causes interpolar discharge characteristic changing.
The content of the invention
For it is above-mentioned need to solve the problem of, prepared the invention provides a kind of 3D printing with the efficient arc discharge of metal dust
Device.
The technical solution adopted for solving the technical problem of the present invention is as follows：
A kind of 3D printing efficient arc discharge preparation facilities of metal dust, including liquid-supplying system, drainage system, supply system
System, discharge power supply, it is characterised in that：Also include fulcrum bearing, main roller wheel, main roller wheel brush, nozzle, baffle plate, from disk roller, from disk roller
Brush, collect filter, from disk roller movement guide mechanism, nozzle movement guiding mechanism, main roller wheel power set and from disk roller
Power set；
Described main roller wheel is installed on fulcrum bearing and rotated about the axis thereof under the drive of main roller wheel power set；It is described from
Disk roller is connected from disk roller movement guide mechanism, for linear motion in X direction under its drive, and from disk roller from disk roller power
Device is rotated about the axis thereof under driving；
Described main roller wheel and nozzle is provided with above the gap between disk roller, nozzle is in nozzle movement guiding mechanism band
Moved horizontally in X direction under dynamic, the arrival end of the nozzle is connected with described liquid-supplying system and air supply system respectively, the port of export
The fluid-mixing medium with pressure is sprayed towards main roller wheel and from the gap between disk roller；
Described main roller wheel by main roller wheel brush connect discharge power supply positive pole, it is described from disk roller pass through from disk roller electricity
The negative pole of brush connection discharge power supply, makes discharge power supply puncture main roller wheel and from forming electric arc etc. between the gap between disk roller, gap
Gas ions melt main roller wheel and from disk roller material；The fluid-mixing medium that the material through nozzle sprays is cooled into micro-fine metal powder
End, the refining metallic powder is opened by suppressing to splash in main roller wheel and the baffle plate set around disk roller, and flowing into baffle plate lower end
The collection filter set at mouthful；
Liquid medium in described collection filter delivers to liquid-supplying system by drainage system, realizes circulation work.
Further, described main roller wheel is opposite with from disk roller direction of rotation.
Further, the position where described nozzle is adjusted in good time according to main roller wheel and from the interstitial site between disk roller
It is whole.
Further, described main roller wheel and from disk roller be conductive material.
Further, described liquid-supplying system provides the liquid medium of adjustable parameter, and air supply system provides Parameter adjustable
Inert gas.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is：
1) particle preparation efficiency, by pressure fluid media impingement discharging gap, the metal in timely and effective exclusion gap
Powder, prevents short circuit, improves preparation efficiency；
2) electric arc is even shut off using the disturbance of pressure fluid medium, mechanical arc is realized using interelectrode relative motion,
Using the electric current interruption of discharge power supply control realization, effectively control electric arc protects particle excessively to be burnt the action time of particle
Erosion；
3) using the roller electrode of rotation, auxiliary exclusion prepares particle, and is homogenized export license；
4) non-immersion electric discharge is used, medium discharge characteristic is protected.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the efficient arc discharge preparation facilities X-Z direction schematic diagrams of 3D printing metal dust of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the efficient arc discharge preparation facilities X-Y direction schematic diagrams of 3D printing metal dust of the present invention；
In figure：1 liquid-supplying system, 2 fulcrum bearings, 3 main roller wheels, 4 main roller wheel brushes, 5 nozzles, 6 baffle plates 7 are from disk roller, and 8 from roller
Wheel brush, 9 collection filters, 10 drainage systems, 11 lead from disk roller movement guide mechanism, 12 discharge power supplies, 13 nozzle movements
To mechanism, 14 air supply systems, 15 main roller wheel power set, 16 from disk roller power set.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are referred to, Fig. 1 is the efficient arc discharge preparation facilities X-Z directions of 3D printing metal dust of the present invention
Schematic diagram；Fig. 2 is the efficient arc discharge preparation facilities X-Y direction schematic diagrams of 3D printing metal dust of the present invention.As illustrated,
A kind of 3D printing efficient arc discharge preparation facilities of metal dust, including liquid-supplying system 1, drainage system 10, air supply system 14,
Discharge power supply 12, fulcrum bearing 2, main roller wheel 3, main roller wheel brush 4, nozzle 5, baffle plate 6, from disk roller 7, from disk roller brush 8, collected
Filter device 9, from disk roller movement guide mechanism 11, nozzle movement guiding mechanism 13, main roller wheel power set 15 and from disk roller power
Device 16.
Main roller wheel 3 is installed on fulcrum bearing 2 and can rotated about the axis thereof under the drive of main roller wheel power set 15；From disk roller 7
Connection can move along a straight line in X direction from disk roller movement guide mechanism 11 under its drive, and can be from disk roller from disk roller 7
Power set 16 are rotated about the axis thereof under driving.Main roller wheel 3 and it is provided with nozzle 5, nozzle 5 above gap between disk roller 7
It can in X direction be moved horizontally under the drive of nozzle movement guiding mechanism 13, and band sprayed by liquid-supplying system 1 and air supply system 14
There is the fluid-mixing medium of pressure, on the one hand the fluid media (medium) provides discharge medium, and on the other hand timely breaking arc, protects institute
The particle of preparation is from arc erosion and oxidation.Main roller wheel 3 and from disk roller 7 respectively by main roller wheel brush 4 and from disk roller brush 8
Connect the positive and negative electrode of discharge power supply 12；Discharge power supply 12 punctures main roller wheel 3 and from the gap between disk roller 7, the electric arc of formation etc.
Gas ions melt main roller wheel 3 and from the material of disk roller 7；The liquid medium that the material melted is sprayed by nozzle 5 is cooled into micro-
Fine metal powder, the particle suppresses to splash by baffle plate 6, and is collected by collecting filter 9.Collect in filter 9
Liquid medium delivers to liquid-supplying system 1 by drainage system 10, realizes circulation work.
Main roller wheel 3 is opposite with from the direction of rotation of disk roller 7.
Position where nozzle 5 is adjusted in good time according to main roller wheel 3 and from the interstitial site between disk roller 7.
Main roller wheel 3 and from disk roller 7 be conductive material.
Liquid-supplying system 1 provides the liquid medium of adjustable parameter, and air supply system 14 provides the inert gas of Parameter adjustable.
Described discharge power supply 12 realizes electric current interruption for the pulse power.
Main roller wheel is cylinder, then can add its rotary motion, improves preparation efficiency, main roller wheel can also be it is square,
Then its own can not rotate, by being rotated from disk roller.
The principle of the invention is as follows：
Main roller wheel 3 is rotated under the drive of main roller wheel power set 15, and backspin is being driven from disk roller power set 16 from disk roller 7
Turn, main roller wheel 3 and from the direction of rotation of disk roller 7 on the contrary, and both keep certain gaps, the gap is discharging gap；
Main roller wheel 3 and the two poles of the earth for connecing discharge power supply 12 by brush respectively from disk roller 7, now in main roller wheel 3 and from disk roller 7
Gap on form electric field；Nozzle 5 is connected to liquid-supplying system 1 and air supply system 14, and both fluid-mixing media are sprayed on home roll
Wheel 3 and the gap before disk roller 7.
When disk roller movement guide mechanism 11 drive moved from disk roller 7 to main roller wheel 3 close to when, main roller wheel 3 and from disk roller 7
Gap constantly diminishes until puncturing, formation arc-plasma；Main roller wheel 3 and material moment from region of discharge on disk roller 7 melt
Change, evaporate, be quickly cooled to particle under the effect of fluid-mixing medium, fluid-mixing medium can disturb arc plasma, match somebody with somebody
Electric current interruption is closed, with reference to main roller wheel 3 and from the mechanical current interruption between disk roller 7, protection particle is ablated, while in air supply system 1
Gas shield under prevent from being oxidized；Particle suppresses to splash in the case where fluid-mixing medium washes away by baffle plate 6, and enters collection
Filter 9, filter 9 separates particle and liquid medium, and the liquid medium after separation is drawn into confession by drainage system 10
The Posterior circle of liquid system 1 is used.In addition, the fluid-mixing medium that nozzle 5 sprays applies external force to liquid or gaseous metal, it is cold at its
But powder is refined in condensation process.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of 3D printing efficient arc discharge preparation facilities of metal dust, including liquid-supplying system (1), drainage system (10),
Air supply system (14), discharge power supply (12), it is characterised in that：Also include fulcrum bearing (2), main roller wheel (3), main roller wheel brush (4),
Nozzle (5), baffle plate (6), from disk roller (7), from disk roller brush (8), collect filter (9), from disk roller movement guide mechanism
(11), nozzle movement guiding mechanism (13), main roller wheel power set (15) and from disk roller power set (16)；
Described main roller wheel (3) is installed on fulcrum bearing (2) and rotated about the axis thereof under main roller wheel power set (15) drive；Institute
That states connects from disk roller movement guide mechanism (11) from disk roller (7), for linear motion in X direction under its drive, and from roller
Wheel (7) is rotated about the axis thereof under disk roller power set (16) drive；
Described main roller wheel (3) and nozzle (5) is provided with above the gap between disk roller (7), nozzle (5) is led in nozzle movement
Moved horizontally in X direction under being driven to mechanism (13), the arrival end of the nozzle (5) respectively with described liquid-supplying system (1) and
Air supply system (14) is connected, and the port of export sprays the mixed flow with pressure towards main roller wheel (3) and from the gap between disk roller (7)
Body medium；
Described main roller wheel (3) connects the positive pole of discharge power supply (12) by main roller wheel brush (4), described logical from disk roller (7)
The negative pole that discharge power supply (12) is connected from disk roller brush (8) is crossed, discharge power supply (12) is punctured main roller wheel (3) and from disk roller (7)
Between gap, arc-plasma fusing main roller wheel (3) is formed between gap and from disk roller (7) material；The material through nozzle (5)
The fluid-mixing medium of ejection is cooled into refining metallic powder, and the refining metallic powder passes through in main roller wheel (3) and from disk roller
(7) baffle plate (6) set around suppresses to splash, and flows into the collection filter (9) set at baffle plate (6) lower ending opening；
Liquid medium in described collection filter (9) delivers to liquid-supplying system (1) by drainage system (10), realizes circulation
Work.
2. the 3D printing according to claim 1 efficient arc discharge preparation facilities of metal dust, it is characterised in that：It is described
Main roller wheel (3) and from the direction of rotation of disk roller (7) on the contrary, realize mechanical movement current interruption, main roller wheel (3) and from disk roller (7) it
Between distance adjusted according to clearance discharge condition；Position where described nozzle (5) is according to main roller wheel (3) and from disk roller (7)
Between interstitial site adjust in good time.
3. the 3D printing according to claim 1 efficient arc discharge preparation facilities of metal dust, it is characterised in that：It is described
Main roller wheel (3) and be conductive metallic material from disk roller (7).
4. the 3D printing according to claim 1 efficient arc discharge preparation facilities of metal dust, it is characterised in that：It is described
Liquid-supplying system (1) liquid medium of adjustable parameter is provided, described air supply system (14) provides the inert gas of Parameter adjustable.
5. the 3D printing according to claim 1 efficient arc discharge preparation facilities of metal dust, it is characterised in that：It is described
Discharge power supply (12) be the pulse power.
6. the 3D printing according to claim 1 efficient arc discharge preparation facilities of metal dust, it is characterised in that：It is described
Be cylindricality metal material from disk roller (7), described main roller wheel (3) is cylindricality metal material.
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105522154A (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2016-04-27 | 中研智能装备有限公司 | Plasma 3D (three-dimensional) fast forming equipment and method for rollers |
| CN107584133A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2018-01-16 | 江苏天泽教育咨询有限公司 | A kind of 3D printing powder preparing unit |
| CN110961645B (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2023-08-04 | 深圳航科新材料有限公司 | New method for producing spherical composite powder by green recovery and reprocessing of metal |
| US20220395899A1 (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2022-12-15 | Shenzhen Aerospace Science Advanced Materials Co., Ltd | New spherical powder and preparation method therefor |
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| JPS6487707A (en) * | 1987-04-28 | 1989-03-31 | Nippon Kokan Kk | Apparatus for producing powder |
| US4886547A (en) * | 1986-09-19 | 1989-12-12 | Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha | Powder manufacturing apparatus and method therefor |
| US5133800A (en) * | 1991-03-11 | 1992-07-28 | General Electric Company | Fabrication of cryogenic refrigerator regenerator materials by spark erosion |
| RU2048276C1 (en) * | 1992-07-20 | 1995-11-20 | Алексей Федорович Писарев | Metal powder production apparatus |
| JPH0726308A (en) * | 1993-07-08 | 1995-01-27 | Nippon Steel Corp | Powder treating device utilizing plasma |
| CN101327519A (en) * | 2008-07-18 | 2008-12-24 | 张建利 | Plasma rotating electrode milling machine group and technique |
| RU2389584C2 (en) * | 2008-07-29 | 2010-05-20 | Закрытое акционерное общество "НАУЧНО-ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕННОЕ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЕ ЭЛЕКТРОПЛАЗМЕННОГО ОБОРУДОВАНИЯ И СИСТЕМ ЭПОС" | Method to produce finely-dispersed purified powder of refractory metals and device to this end |
| CN101352757A (en) * | 2008-09-05 | 2009-01-28 | 张建利 | Method for producing beryllium prill using plasma auxiliary rotating electrode |
| WO2013099004A1 (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2013-07-04 | 中国電力株式会社 | Apparatus and method for producing aluminium powder |
| JP5927697B2 (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2016-06-01 | 国立研究開発法人日本原子力研究開発機構 | Method for producing berylide pebble |
| CN103962566B (en) * | 2014-05-05 | 2016-03-02 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of multi-source direct-current arc automation nano-powder production system and method |
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