Mine oscillatory type magnetic separator
Technical field
The present invention relates to mining equiment technical field, especially a kind of mine magnetic plant.
Background technology
At present, the magnetic separator that process magnetic iron ore sections ore adopts, be commonly cylinder magnetic separator, cylinder due to cylinder magnetic separator needs not stop to rotate, and the magnetic system in cylinder must keep maintaining static, therefore there is gap between magnetic system and inner wall of rotary drum, reduce the magnetic field intensity of cylinder outer wall, the magnetic energy of magnetic system can not be fully used.Magnetic separator particularly intensity magnetic separator is applied seldom in ilmenite ore-dressing practice, the general deironing being only used for ilmenite material with weak magnetic, and sand titanium ore spiral shell slips ore dressing, bad adaptability, the rate of recovery are low and concentrate grade is low, due to the weak magnetic of titanium ore ore particle, general magnetic separator needs just can reach selected mineral products quality by after repeatedly final election.
In addition, the working environment of the magnetic separator in mine is often more severe, require that magnetic separator material therefor must have decay resistance, therefore stainless steel is often adopted to manufacture magnetic separator, but the existing stainless steel being used for manufacturing magnetic separator is often magnetized by the magnetic material in magnetic separator, and the stainless steel after magnetization brings very large trouble by magnetic separator.Single phase austenite type stainless steel has nonmagnetic, and can not be magnetized, recent years by people in a large number for magnetic separator, but because the mechanical performance of single phase austenite type stainless steel own is relatively low, and existing single phase austenite type stainless steel is chromium manganese stainless steel, it is more weak to the resistance of intergranular corrosion cracking, and often corrosion resistance is not ideal enough, is therefore necessary existing equipment perfect further.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention of the present invention is: for above-mentioned Problems existing, there is provided one simply compact, the mine oscillatory type magnetic separator that floor space is little, oscillating plate and magnetic plant are combined, make the magnetic material in mineral be exposed to surface to be absorbed by magnetic system, greatly improve the absorptivity containing magnetic material in mineral, mainly solve in existing magnetic separator low to the ore particle rate of recovery of some weak magnetic, the problem that concentrate grade is low, improve beneficiating efficiency, solve the problem that magnetic separator non-magnetic portion is magnetized, improve the adaptive capacity of magnetic separator simultaneously, strengthen the corrosion resistance of magnetic separator.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
Mine of the present invention oscillatory type magnetic separator, comprises frame, and described frame is provided with the stream plate that shakes be in tilted layout, described in shake stream plate be located at frame by vibrating spring, described in shake stream plate bottom surface be provided with vibrator; The described top shaking stream plate lower end is provided with magnetic plant, described in the shake end of stream plate be provided with non-magnetic mine mouth and containing magnetic mine mouth, the wherein said throwing ore deposit place containing magnetic mine mouth aligned magnetic optional equipment.
Due to said structure, the whole stream panel vibration source that shakes given by vibrator, guarantees that material can be vibrated shaking on stream plate, on the one hand material can be flowed, make materials overturning on the other hand, be convenient to the screening containing magnetic and non-magnetic material; Wherein magnetic plant by absorbing containing magnetic material in material, can be thrown to containing in magnetic mine mouth from throwing ore deposit, thus distinguishes containing magnetic and non-magnetic material; Shake and flow being in tilted layout of plate, material can be made to flow along its incline direction, and carry out magnetic plant magnetic containing after magnetic material, non-magnetic material enters into non-magnetic mine mouth and absorbs, thus can sieve containing magnetic material and non-magnetic material, guarantee the demand of mine to its performance, improve.
Mine of the present invention oscillatory type magnetic separator, described magnetic plant comprises pair roller, conveyer belt and magnetic system, and described conveyer belt is around on pair roller and is driven, described driving-belt and the opposing parallel layout in extreme higher position flowing panel vibration of shaking; Described magnetic system is located at the position near lower surface in driving-belt, and described magnetic system strengthens gradually along the direction magnetic force of its upper end to lower end.
Due to said structure, the setting of this magnetic plant, can guarantee that oscillating plate is when vibrating to extreme higher position, material is tossed to extreme higher position, also be now material from the nearest position of magnetic system, thus its magnet effect can be guaranteed, be convenient to the differentiation containing magnetic material and non-magnetic material; Simultaneously the magnetic force of magnetic system is correct gradually from top to bottom, guarantees in material flow process from top to down, containing magnetic material by fully, thus guarantees its screening efficiency.
Mine of the present invention oscillatory type magnetic separator, the described stream plate that shakes tilts 30 °-45 ° layouts, and described in the shake upper end of stream plate upper surface be provided with deflector and refining plate, described deflector is positioned at the centre of the stream plate that shakes, the described upper surface shaking stream plate is provided with guiding gutter, shake described in making stream plate cross section be wave structure, described guiding gutter is arranged along Flow of Goods and Materials direction.
Due to said structure, the stream plate that shakes be in tilted layout, its vibrating effect can be made better, and non-magnetic material can be vibrated to the surface of material, is more conducive to screening; Material can be separated to both sides by deflector, and refining plate can guarantee the height limiting material simultaneously, thus the material shaken on stream plate is tried one's best evenly, thus guarantees the effect that material vibrating is separated; The cross section of wave linear structure, makes material can flow in guiding gutter, guarantees its mobile performance.
Mine of the present invention oscillatory type magnetic separator, described in the stream plate that shakes adopt non-magnetic rustproof Steel material to make, and its thickness is 17mm-23mm.
Due to said structure, in order to distinguish containing magnetic material and non-magnetic material, the stream plate that needs to avoid shaking is magnetized and affects screening effect, therefore needs to adopt non-magnetic rustproof Steel material, and simultaneously can make to shake stream plate has stronger wearability, increases its service life; Meanwhile, limiting its thickness is 17mm-23mm, and cost is lower simultaneously preferably to make its anti-wear performance.
Mine of the present invention oscillatory type magnetic separator, components based on weight percentage calculation (following % all represents percentage by weight) of described non-magnetic rustproof Steel material is: carbon is 0.15% ~ 0.21%, and nickel is 3% ~ 5%, chromium is 8% ~ 13%, manganese is 8% ~ 11%, silicon 4% ~ 5%, and niobium is 0.48% ~ 0.65%, vanadium is 0.13% ~ 0.47%, molybdenum is 1.2% ~ 1.7%, and titanium is 3% ~ 4%, and rare earth is 0.27% ~ 0.33%, the total amount of p and s is no more than 0.035%, and surplus is iron and inevitable impurity thereof.
Mine of the present invention oscillatory type magnetic separator, components based on weight percentage calculation (following % all represents percentage by weight) of described non-magnetic rustproof Steel material is:: carbon is 0.18%, and nickel is 3.15%, chromium is 8.71%, manganese is 11.8%, silicon 4.80%, and niobium is 0.57%, vanadium is 0.23%, molybdenum is 1.5%, and titanium is 3.56%, and rare earth is 0.31%, the total amount of p and s is no more than 0.035%, and surplus is iron and inevitable impurity thereof.
Due to said structure, each chemical element Composition Design thinking is: in steel phosphorus content number fundamental effect is produced to the structure and properties of steel, because steel grade of the present invention belongs to stainless steel one class, therefore belong to mild steel, consider the impact of carbon alloy element, phosphorus content of the present invention selects 0.15% ~ 0.21%, under ensureing that steel has certain intensity, hardness, reduces the impact of carbon alloy element as far as possible, manganese plays the effect of strengthening matrix in steel, improve the quenching degree of steel, manganese can also effectively reduce austenitic stacking fault energy, martensite is made to be easy to stress-induced, but its content must control within a scope, manganese is superheated susceptivity element, the thick of matrix grain is easily caused when heating-up temperature is too high, when Fe content is less than 20%, under stress-induced, make atomic motion irreversible, reduce shape memory recovery rate, manganese amount is too high, crystal formation tissue is imitated in easy formation, there is a large amount of ferrite nets, increase steel belt roof bolt fragility, therefore in steel of the present invention, Fe content is designed to 8% ~ 11%, silicon can make the intensity of steel and hardness significantly improve in steel, fill up the deficiency of mild steel intensity, hardness, the stability of cementite can also be reduced simultaneously, slow down precipitation and the aggregation velocity of cementite, improve quenching degree and the anti-tempered performance of steel, silicon not easily produces permanent slippage when can also strengthen austenite mutual-assistance alloy deformation, thus heavy alloyed shape changing memory effect can be put forward, but silicon can make steel produce grain coarsening phenomenon in heating process, increase superheated susceptivity and the hot cracking tendency of steel, therefore silicone content should control about 4% ~ 5%, chromium is active element, alloy carbide is formed with the carbon in steel and iron, compound plays precipitation strength effect in steel, suppress carbon and silicon in tissue to produce graphitization phenomenon simultaneously, also be stainless main added elements, but the increase of chromium can significantly improve tough-crisp critical transition temperature of steel, the heat sensitivity of material and temper brittleness are increased, and therefore in the present invention, the chromium content of steel controls at chromium is 9% ~ 13%, molybdenum can effective refined cast structure, molybdenum and chromium with the use of, the impact of chromium on steel temper brittleness can be reduced, be increased sharply quenching degree and the homogeneity of fault plane of steel, but because molybdenum is expensive, consider, the content of the molybdenum that the present invention adopts is molybdenum is 1.2% ~ 1.7%, nickel can crystal grain thinning, the strong stable austenite of energy, steel is had nonmagnetic, its toughness is not reduced while the quenching degree improving steel, also be the essential element improving steel corrosion resistance, steel is made to have higher corrosion fatigue resistant performance, improve machinability, but nickel is expensive, and be unfavorable for the SME of steel of the present invention, consider, nickel content should control 3% ~ 5%, nickel and chromium collocation use, steel not only can be made to have excellent corrosion resistance and nonmagnetic, steel is also made to have higher intensity, the performance such as wearability and toughness, generally, austenite phase intensity is higher, more be beneficial to the raising of alloy shape memory effect, therefore, best with the use of effect.
In the present invention, vanadium, titanium, niobium and rare earth element is newly with the addition of in steel, wherein, titanium can play the effect of deoxidation, tiny titanium carbide granule can be separated out, as forming core core, crystal grain is made to obtain refinement, thus improving the comprehensive mechanical performance of steel, the affinity due to titanium and sulphur is better than the affinity of manganese and sulphur, therefore titanium can be captured the sulphur in manganese sulfide and form more stable sulfide with it, reduce the precipitation of manganese sulfide, improve inclusion morphology, improve steel impact flexibility, therefore in the present invention, the content of titanium is titanium is 3% ~ 4%; Vanadium is a kind of element that austenite can be suppressed to grow up, in steel, the content of vanadium effectively will suppress the grain growth of hardening process more than 0.1%, there is extremely strong solution strengthening effect, the carbide formed has super-high wear-resistant performance, but in steel of the present invention, belongs to unfavorable element, in order to utilize the advantage of vanadium, add a small amount of v element, again steel is heated to Coarse Grain carbide dissolution temperature, crystal grain will be grown up, and overcomes the adverse effect that vanadium brings; Consider that magnetism-free stainless steel is unidirectional austenitic stainless steel, its strength character is lower, in order to improve its intensity further, Xiang Gangzhong adds niobium element to improve its tensile strength and yield strength, makes steel have good resistant to hydrogen performance, prevents oxide isolation to the intercrystalline corrosion of steel, overcome austenitic stainless steel in welding process, intercrystalline corrosion is serious, causes crystal grain to come off, the shortcoming of steel part brittle failure; Adding of rare earth element is performance in order to comprehensively improve magnetism-free stainless steel of the present invention, add in steel a small amount of rare earth element just can cleaning molten steel, improve as-cast structure, dystectic rare earth compound forms solid-state particle in molten steel, become crystallization nuclei, accelerate the setting rate of molten steel, crystal grain thinning makes the as cast condition column crystal carbide between branch that attenuates diminish, improve carbide inhomogeneities, effectively improves cast sturcture and metallurgical quality, improves obdurability and the wearability of steel.
Mine of the present invention oscillatory type magnetic separator, described in shake stream plate preparation method comprise the following steps:
Step 1, use medium-frequency induction furnace melting, raw material iron is put into converter heat fused, after raw material iron all melts, regulate bath temperature, bath temperature is made to control, at about 1550 DEG C, then in molten bath, to add decarburizer, desulfurizing agent, deoxidier, carries out decarburization, desulfurization, deoxidation to the molten iron in molten bath;
After step 2, decarburization, desulfurization, deoxidation step complete, intensification bath temperature, make it to reach about 1600 DEG C, keep 5min, then in molten bath, add ferrochrome continuously, ferromanganese and nickel shot, make the chromium content in molten bath, Fe content, nickel content reach pre-provisioning request, regulates temperature, make temperature control at 1610 DEG C, keep 5min;
After step 3, step 2 complete, add deoxidier and carry out secondary deoxidation, add molybdenum-iron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and ferrotianium afterwards, at the end of melting is fast, adds rare earth, make the alloying component in steel reach pre-provisioning request, then the chemical composition in molten steel is finely tuned, prepare cast, casting method is wax-pattern casting, after having cast, treat that steel ingot is shaping complete, take out steel ingot, clear up surperficial dregs, remove feeders;
Step 4, homogenizing annealing: after having cast, in heat-treatment furnace, by the Heating Steel Ingots to 1150 DEG C obtained in step 1, heating rate is 120 DEG C/h, is then incubated 8h, then cools to room temperature with the furnace;
After step 5, homogenizing annealing complete, steel ingot is placed in heat-treatment furnace, heating steel ingot to 920 DEG C, insulation 3h, then cools to room temperature with the furnace;
After step 6, step 5 complete, by casting flaw and the oxide skin of the method removing surface of steel ingot of machining, surface finish is smooth;
Step 7, machining is complete after steel ingot be placed in heating furnace, by Heating Steel Ingots to 1050 DEG C, heating rate is 100 DEG C/h, once forging and stamping under, steel ingot is forged into the sheet material of required specification;
Step 8, the sheet material after having forged and pressed is placed in heat-treatment furnace, heating sheet material to 620 DEG C, heating rate is 70 DEG C/h, is then incubated 2.5h, then cools to room temperature with the furnace;
After step 9, step 8 complete, the sheet material obtained is carried out punching press, make its cross section undulate structure, the sheet material of nominal length is cut into again by the mode of Linear cut, then the sheet material obtained is placed in heat-treatment furnace, heating sheet material to 650 DEG C, heating rate is 50/h, insulation 30min, and then shrend is to room temperature.
Shake in the preparation method of stream plate of the present invention, in molten steel smelting process, control smelting parameter and raw material add opportunity, the molten steel meeting pre-provisioning request of high-quality can be obtained, alloying element can be prevented overheated as controlled smelting temperature and lose, be beneficial to again the processes such as decarburization, deoxidation and desulfurization, molybdenum-iron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and ferrotianium will add in the melting later stage, are beneficial to again the absorption of molten steel alloy element.When heat treatment, suitable Technology for Heating Processing is selected also to be the decisive factor that can steel have excellent properties, as first carried out homogenizing annealing to the steel ingot after cast molding, the dendritic segregation that elimination steel ingot produces in process of setting and regional segregation, make composition and microstructure homogenization, and then carry out full annealing, what make steel ingot organizes complete austenitizing, eliminates overheating defect, steel ingot, after forging into sheet material, in order to eliminate its residual stress, improves dimensional stability, prevents distortion and cracking, sheet material need be heated to 650 DEG C and carry out stress relief annealing, the sheet material of novel magnetism-free stainless steel of the present invention is shaping by pressure processing, a lot of crystal defects is created in making it organize, as dislocation and fault etc., and the stress power that lures brings out ε martensite (having the martensite of close-packed hexagonal lattice structure), and last shape is not required shape, by austenitic microstructure before Heat Treatment Control distortion, the SME of steel of the present invention can be improved, By consulting literatures is learnt, during recovery annealing, the SME of steel increases with the rising of annealing temperature, decline subsequently, and think that recrystallization eliminates the stress-inducedεmartensite of cold working generation and most of crystal defect, reduce the limit stress of stress induced γ→ε martensite transformation, be conducive to the raising of steel SME, therefore sheet material needs Quenching Treatment before carrying out being deformed into finished product, to eliminate a large amount of dislocation being unfavorable for SME and stress-inducedεmartensite that are formed in process, reach setting object simultaneously, avoid finished product generation disturbance of memory, and it is best 650 DEG C of quench aging fruits.
In sum, owing to have employed technique scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Mine of the present invention oscillatory type magnetic separator; the mine oscillatory type magnetic separator simply compact, floor space is little; oscillating plate and magnetic plant are combined; make the magnetic material in mineral be exposed to surface to be absorbed by magnetic system; greatly improve the absorptivity containing magnetic material in mineral; mainly solve in existing magnetic separator low to the ore particle rate of recovery of some weak magnetic; the problem that concentrate grade is low; improve beneficiating efficiency; solve the problem that magnetic separator non-magnetic portion is magnetized; improve the adaptive capacity of magnetic separator simultaneously, strengthen the corrosion resistance of magnetic separator.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Examples of the present invention will be described by way of reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Mark in figure: 1-frame, 2-shake stream plate, 3-vibrating spring, 4-vibrator, 5-magnetic plant, 6-magnetic system, 7-non-magnetic mine mouth, 8-containing magnetic mine mouth.
Detailed description of the invention
All features disclosed in this description, or the step in disclosed all methods or process, except mutually exclusive feature and/or step, all can combine by any way.
Arbitrary feature disclosed in this description (comprising any accessory claim, summary), unless specifically stated otherwise, all can be replaced by other equivalences or the alternative features with similar object.That is, unless specifically stated otherwise, each feature is an example in a series of equivalence or similar characteristics.
Embodiment one
As shown in Figure 1, mine of the present invention oscillatory type magnetic separator, comprise frame 1, described frame 1 is provided with the stream plate 2 that shakes be in tilted layout, the described stream plate 2 that shakes tilts 30 °-45 ° layouts, be preferably inclination 43 ° layouts, described in the stream plate 2 that shakes be located at frame 1 by vibrating spring 3, described in shake and flow the bottom surface of plate 2 and be provided with vibrator 4; The described top shaking stream plate 2 lower end is provided with magnetic plant 5, described in the shake end of stream plate 2 be provided with non-magnetic mine mouth 7 and containing magnetic mine mouth 8, the wherein said throwing ore deposit place containing magnetic mine mouth 8 aligned magnetic optional equipment 5.Wherein said magnetic plant 5 comprises pair roller, conveyer belt and magnetic system 6, and described conveyer belt is around on pair roller and is driven, and described driving-belt flows the opposing parallel layout in extreme higher position that plate 2 vibrates with shaking; Described magnetic system 6 is located at the position near lower surface in driving-belt, and described magnetic system strengthens gradually along the direction magnetic force of its upper end to lower end.The described upper end shaking stream plate 2 upper surface is provided with deflector and refining plate, shake described in making stream plate 2 cross section be wave structure, described deflector be positioned at shake stream plate 2 centre, described in shake stream plate 2 upper surface be provided with guiding gutter, described guiding gutter is arranged along Flow of Goods and Materials direction.
The wherein said stream plate 2 that shakes adopts non-magnetic rustproof Steel material to make, and its thickness is 17mm-23mm, is preferably 19mm or 21mm.Wherein shake and flow the magnetism-free stainless steel of plate 2, components based on weight percentage calculation (following % all represents percentage by weight) of described high-strength abrasion-proof magnetism-free stainless steel is: carbon is 0.18%, and nickel is 3.15%, chromium is 8.71%, manganese is 11.8%, silicon 4.80%, and niobium is 0.57%, vanadium is 0.23%, molybdenum is 1.5%, and titanium is 3.56%, and rare earth is 0.31%, the total amount of p and s is no more than 0.035%, and surplus is iron and inevitable impurity thereof.
Being obtained by following steps of above-mentioned magnetism-free stainless steel:
Step 1, use medium-frequency induction furnace melting, raw material iron is put into converter heat fused, after raw material iron all melts, regulate bath temperature, bath temperature is made to control, at about 1550 DEG C, then in molten bath, to add decarburizer, desulfurizing agent, deoxidier, carries out decarburization, desulfurization, deoxidation to the molten iron in molten bath;
After step 2, decarburization, desulfurization, deoxidation step complete, intensification bath temperature, make it to reach about 1600 DEG C, keep 5min, then in molten bath, add ferrochrome continuously, ferromanganese and nickel shot, make the chromium content in molten bath, Fe content, nickel content reach pre-provisioning request, regulates temperature, make temperature control at 1610 DEG C, keep 5min;
After step 3, step 2 complete, add deoxidier and carry out secondary deoxidation, add molybdenum-iron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and ferrotianium afterwards, at the end of melting is fast, adds rare earth, make the alloying component in steel reach pre-provisioning request, then the chemical composition in molten steel is finely tuned, prepare cast, casting method is wax-pattern casting, after having cast, treat that steel ingot is shaping complete, take out steel ingot, clear up surperficial dregs, remove feeders;
Step 4, homogenizing annealing: after having cast, in heat-treatment furnace, by the Heating Steel Ingots to 1150 DEG C obtained in step 1, heating rate is 120 DEG C/h, is then incubated 8h, then cools to room temperature with the furnace;
After step 5, homogenizing annealing complete, steel ingot is placed in heat-treatment furnace, heating steel ingot to 920 DEG C, insulation 3h, then cools to room temperature with the furnace;
After step 6, step 5 complete, by casting flaw and the oxide skin of the method removing surface of steel ingot of machining, surface finish is smooth;
Step 7, machining is complete after steel ingot be placed in heating furnace, by Heating Steel Ingots to 1050 DEG C, heating rate is 100 DEG C/h, once forging and stamping under, steel ingot is forged into the sheet material of required specification;
Step 8, the sheet material after having forged and pressed is placed in heat-treatment furnace, heating sheet material to 620 DEG C, heating rate is 70 DEG C/h, is then incubated 2.5h, then cools to room temperature with the furnace;
After step 9, step 8 complete, the sheet material obtained is carried out punching press, make its cross section undulate structure, the sheet material of nominal length is cut into again by the mode of Linear cut, then the sheet material obtained is placed in heat-treatment furnace, heating sheet material to 650 DEG C, heating rate is 50/h, insulation 30min, and then shrend is to room temperature.
embodiment two
This embodiment is identical with embodiment one, and its difference is: components based on weight percentage calculation (following % all represents percentage by weight) of the magnetism-free stainless steel of the stream plate 2 that shakes is: carbon is 0.15%, and nickel is 5%, chromium is 8%, manganese is 8%, silicon 4%, and niobium is 0.65%, vanadium is 0.47%, molybdenum is 1.2%, and titanium is 3%, and rare earth is 0.33%, the total amount of p and s is no more than 0.035%, and surplus is iron and inevitable impurity thereof.
Above-mentioned magnetism-free stainless steel is obtained by following steps:
Step 1, use medium-frequency induction furnace melting, raw material iron is put into converter heat fused, after raw material iron all melts, regulate bath temperature, bath temperature is made to control, at about 1550 DEG C, then in molten bath, to add decarburizer, desulfurizing agent, deoxidier, carries out decarburization, desulfurization, deoxidation to the molten iron in molten bath;
After step 2, decarburization, desulfurization, deoxidation step complete, intensification bath temperature, make it to reach about 1600 DEG C, keep 5min, then in molten bath, add ferrochrome continuously, ferromanganese and nickel shot, make the chromium content in molten bath, Fe content, nickel content reach pre-provisioning request, regulates temperature, make temperature control at 1610 DEG C, keep 5min;
After step 3, step 2 complete, add deoxidier and carry out secondary deoxidation, add molybdenum-iron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and ferrotianium afterwards, at the end of melting is fast, adds rare earth, make the alloying component in steel reach pre-provisioning request, then the chemical composition in molten steel is finely tuned, prepare cast, casting method is wax-pattern casting, after having cast, treat that steel ingot is shaping complete, take out steel ingot, clear up surperficial dregs, remove feeders;
Step 4, homogenizing annealing: after having cast, in heat-treatment furnace, by the Heating Steel Ingots to 1150 DEG C obtained in step 1, heating rate is 120 DEG C/h, is then incubated 8h, then cools to room temperature with the furnace;
After step 5, homogenizing annealing complete, steel ingot is placed in heat-treatment furnace, heating steel ingot to 920 DEG C, insulation 3h, then cools to room temperature with the furnace;
After step 6, step 5 complete, by casting flaw and the oxide skin of the method removing surface of steel ingot of machining, surface finish is smooth;
Step 7, machining is complete after steel ingot be placed in heating furnace, by Heating Steel Ingots to 1050 DEG C, heating rate is 100 DEG C/h, once forging and stamping under, steel ingot is forged into the sheet material of required specification;
Step 8, the sheet material after having forged and pressed is placed in heat-treatment furnace, heating sheet material to 620 DEG C, heating rate is 70 DEG C/h, is then incubated 2.5h, then cools to room temperature with the furnace;
After step 9, step 8 complete, the sheet material obtained is carried out punching press, make its cross section undulate structure, the sheet material of nominal length is cut into again by the mode of Linear cut, then the sheet material obtained is placed in heat-treatment furnace, heating sheet material to 650 DEG C, heating rate is 50/h, insulation 30min, and then shrend is to room temperature.
embodiment three
This embodiment and embodiment one, two identical, its difference is: the components based on weight percentage of the magnetism-free stainless steel of the stream plate 2 that shakes is calculated (following % all represents percentage by weight) and is: carbon is 0.21%, and nickel is 3%, chromium is 13%, manganese is 11%, silicon 5%, and niobium is 0.48%, vanadium is 0.13%, molybdenum is 1.7%, and titanium is 4%, and rare earth is 0.27%, the total amount of p and s is no more than 0.035%, and surplus is iron and inevitable impurity thereof.
The preparation method of above-mentioned magnetism-free stainless steel comprises the following steps:
Step 1, use medium-frequency induction furnace melting, raw material iron is put into converter heat fused, after raw material iron all melts, regulate bath temperature, bath temperature is made to control, at about 1550 DEG C, then in molten bath, to add decarburizer, desulfurizing agent, deoxidier, carries out decarburization, desulfurization, deoxidation to the molten iron in molten bath;
After step 2, decarburization, desulfurization, deoxidation step complete, intensification bath temperature, make it to reach about 1600 DEG C, keep 5min, then in molten bath, add ferrochrome continuously, ferromanganese and nickel shot, make the chromium content in molten bath, Fe content, nickel content reach pre-provisioning request, regulates temperature, make temperature control at 1610 DEG C, keep 5min;
After step 3, step 2 complete, add deoxidier and carry out secondary deoxidation, add molybdenum-iron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and ferrotianium afterwards, at the end of melting is fast, adds rare earth, make the alloying component in steel reach pre-provisioning request, then the chemical composition in molten steel is finely tuned, prepare cast, casting method is wax-pattern casting, after having cast, treat that steel ingot is shaping complete, take out steel ingot, clear up surperficial dregs, remove feeders;
Step 4, homogenizing annealing: after having cast, in heat-treatment furnace, by the Heating Steel Ingots to 1150 DEG C obtained in step 1, heating rate is 120 DEG C/h, is then incubated 8h, then cools to room temperature with the furnace;
After step 5, homogenizing annealing complete, steel ingot is placed in heat-treatment furnace, heating steel ingot to 920 DEG C, insulation 3h, then cools to room temperature with the furnace;
After step 6, step 5 complete, by casting flaw and the oxide skin of the method removing surface of steel ingot of machining, surface finish is smooth;
Step 7, machining is complete after steel ingot be placed in heating furnace, by Heating Steel Ingots to 1050 DEG C, heating rate is 100 DEG C/h, once forging and stamping under, steel ingot is forged into the sheet material of required specification;
Step 8, the sheet material after having forged and pressed is placed in heat-treatment furnace, heating sheet material to 620 DEG C, heating rate is 70 DEG C/h, is then incubated 2.5h, then cools to room temperature with the furnace;
After step 9, step 8 complete, the sheet material obtained is carried out punching press, make its cross section undulate structure, the sheet material of nominal length is cut into again by the mode of Linear cut, then the sheet material obtained is placed in heat-treatment furnace, heating sheet material to 650 DEG C, heating rate is 50/h, insulation 30min, and then shrend is to room temperature.
embodiment four
This embodiment and embodiment one, two identical with three, its difference is: the components based on weight percentage of the magnetism-free stainless steel of the stream plate 2 that shakes is calculated (following % all represents percentage by weight) and is: carbon is 0.21%, and nickel is 5%, chromium is 13%, manganese is 8%, silicon 4%, and niobium is 0.48%, vanadium is 0.13%, molybdenum is 1.7%, and titanium is 4%, and rare earth is 0.33%, the total amount of p and s is no more than 0.035%, and surplus is iron and inevitable impurity thereof.
The preparation method of above-mentioned magnetism-free stainless steel comprises the following steps:
Step 1, use medium-frequency induction furnace melting, raw material iron is put into converter heat fused, after raw material iron all melts, regulate bath temperature, bath temperature is made to control, at about 1550 DEG C, then in molten bath, to add decarburizer, desulfurizing agent, deoxidier, carries out decarburization, desulfurization, deoxidation to the molten iron in molten bath;
After step 2, decarburization, desulfurization, deoxidation step complete, intensification bath temperature, make it to reach about 1600 DEG C, keep 5min, then in molten bath, add ferrochrome continuously, ferromanganese and nickel shot, make the chromium content in molten bath, Fe content, nickel content reach pre-provisioning request, regulates temperature, make temperature control at 1610 DEG C, keep 5min;
After step 3, step 2 complete, add deoxidier and carry out secondary deoxidation, add molybdenum-iron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and ferrotianium afterwards, at the end of melting is fast, adds rare earth, make the alloying component in steel reach pre-provisioning request, then the chemical composition in molten steel is finely tuned, prepare cast, casting method is wax-pattern casting, after having cast, treat that steel ingot is shaping complete, take out steel ingot, clear up surperficial dregs, remove feeders;
Step 4, homogenizing annealing: after having cast, in heat-treatment furnace, by the Heating Steel Ingots to 1150 DEG C obtained in step 1, heating rate is 120 DEG C/h, is then incubated 8h, then cools to room temperature with the furnace;
After step 5, homogenizing annealing complete, steel ingot is placed in heat-treatment furnace, heating steel ingot to 920 DEG C, insulation 3h, then cools to room temperature with the furnace;
After step 6, step 5 complete, by casting flaw and the oxide skin of the method removing surface of steel ingot of machining, surface finish is smooth;
Step 7, machining is complete after steel ingot be placed in heating furnace, by Heating Steel Ingots to 1050 DEG C, heating rate is 100 DEG C/h, once forging and stamping under, steel ingot is forged into the sheet material of required specification;
Step 8, the sheet material after having forged and pressed is placed in heat-treatment furnace, heating sheet material to 620 DEG C, heating rate is 70 DEG C/h, is then incubated 2.5h, then cools to room temperature with the furnace;
After step 9, step 8 complete, the sheet material obtained is carried out punching press, make its cross section undulate structure, the sheet material of nominal length is cut into again by the mode of Linear cut, then the sheet material obtained is placed in heat-treatment furnace, heating sheet material to 650 DEG C, heating rate is 50/h, insulation 30min, and then shrend is to room temperature.
Restrained by above-described embodiment, preparation is shaken and is flowed the magnetism-free stainless steel of plate 2, other finished product can also be applied to, its concrete using method is: also need in use to carry out thermo-mechanical cycle training, namely at room temperature, finished product step 9 obtained by the mode of machining is processed into required form, then the finished product after distortion is placed in heating furnace, heating finished product to 600 DEG C, heating rate is 70 DEG C/h, and insulation 40min, finally cools to room temperature with the furnace, so repeatedly, until the recovery strain of finished product is 3.5%.The using state of sheet material is the state after sheet material quenching, and the state under room temperature after sheet deformation is transitory state, is transition state.σ
b,
Respectively get a sample in finished product the various embodiments described above obtained and carry out Mechanics Performance Testing, its result is as shown in the table:
At ambient temperature, the sample of finished product the various embodiments described above obtained after heat treatment is processed into straight sample, then on mould, evenly bends 180 degree, after unloading force, takes out sample, measures the elastic recoil angle Θ of sample
e, then by the sample 650 DEG C of recovery annealings after distortion, measure memory recovery angle Θ
m, sample predeformation amount ε, shape recovery rate η, can reply deflection ε
r, plastic deformation ε
p, obtain following table:
By contrasting two forms, can obtain, the rule that the large SME of difference of yield strength and tensile strength is all right, and percentage elongation determines the processability of alloy, the higher machinability of percentage elongation is better, therefore magnetism-free stainless steel of the present invention is on the basis of original magnetism-free stainless steel, by changing alloying component and adding new component, significantly change the mechanical performance of steel, simultaneously, by changing preparation technology, parameter in Controlling Technology process, change the structure organization of steel, the steel properties obtained is good, corrosion resistance is strong, SME is good, during the pipeline be particularly suitable on naval vessel connects.
The present invention is not limited to aforesaid detailed description of the invention.The present invention expands to any new feature of disclosing in this manual or any combination newly, and the step of the arbitrary new method disclosed or process or any combination newly.