CN105339073A - 具有催化器元件的催化器模块 - Google Patents

具有催化器元件的催化器模块 Download PDF

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CN105339073A
CN105339073A CN201480033699.XA CN201480033699A CN105339073A CN 105339073 A CN105339073 A CN 105339073A CN 201480033699 A CN201480033699 A CN 201480033699A CN 105339073 A CN105339073 A CN 105339073A
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photocatalyst module
catalyst converter
converter element
catalyst
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K·奥尔博沃斯基
M·奥曼
A·哈通
T·克赖纳
T·纳格尔
G·珀尔兹尔
M·施魏格尔
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Ibiden Porzellanfabrik Frauenthal GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
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    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
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Abstract

具有包括催化器元件(2)的组装件的催化器模块(1)，其中，各个催化器元件的流入面比催化器模块的流动进口面大，其中，模块侧的朝向主流动方向(S)的面定义为模块进入面，并且其中，所述催化器元件这样定位在催化器模块中，使得各催化器元件与进入侧的和/或排出侧的流动方向的方向有偏差地被烟气穿流。

Description

具有催化器元件的催化器模块
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有包括催化器元件的组装件的催化器模块。
背景技术
SCR催化器是用于烟气脱氮的现有技术。以此为减少近地面的臭氧、酸雨和温室效应作出了显著的贡献。该技术与在内燃机和众多工业领域中同样地使用在热力发电厂和垃圾焚化炉中。
除了还原氮氧化物外，催化器例如也可以用于分解二恶英和呋喃，这特别是在垃圾焚化炉中作为技术标准实施。
催化器元件例如以均匀挤出蜂窝形式或者以载体材料形式提供，所述载体材料的表面配设有催化层并且被称为板式催化器。其他的实施变体例如是颗粒形式的催化器、沸石催化器以及实施为波浪形的板的催化器，在所述沸石催化器中活性层借助于载体涂料(Washcoat)法涂覆在陶瓷载体上。
为了安装在SCR反应器中，各个催化器元件被装入到平行六面体的催化器模块中(例如钢模块)，其联合地被称为催化器层。在各个催化器模块之间以及在催化器模块和容纳模块的反应器壳体的壁之间设有密封部，以便强制地将烟气流引导通过催化器元件。
基本的性能参数是通过将催化器元件安装到催化器模块中产生的压力损失。追求的目标是，将该不希望的压力损失保持得尽可能小。此外，压力损失受催化器元件的几何形状的选择所影响。当然，几何形状选择受到由生产决定的以及由工艺决定的限制。SCR反应器的尺寸同样直接影响压力损失。因此，构造余地一方面由于结构方面的限制(特别是在之后加装的SCR反应器的情况下)另一方面由于经济上的考虑而受到限制。
发明内容
本发明的任务在于，在给出的受限的反应器横截面中在使由催化器元件引起的压力损失最小化的同时提供带有尽可能最大的、催化活性的表面的催化器模块。该任务按照本发明通过以下方式来解决，即，各个催化器元件的流入面比催化器模块的流动进口面大，其中，模块侧的朝向主流动方向的面定义为模块进入面，并且其中，催化器元件这样定位在催化器模块中，使得各催化器元件与进入侧的和/或排出侧的流动方向的方向有偏差地被烟气穿流。
因此，提供需要的催化器表面和与其相关联的催化器体积通过催化器元件在催化器模块内的按照本发明的布置结构达到，这随之带来催化器模块深度的增大。在此，SCR反应器的横截面保持不变。
按照一种备选的实施形式，优选也设有催化器元件，所述催化器元件平行于进入侧的和/或排出侧的流动方向定向地被烟气穿流。
优选地，在催化器模块的进入侧上设置有至少一个烟气通道，所述烟气通道将烟气引导到催化器模块中，其中，背离主流动方向的模块侧定义为催化器模块的进入侧。
按照另一种发明特征，在催化器模块的排出侧上设置有至少一个烟气通道，所述烟气通道将烟气从催化器模块引导出，其中，背离主流动方向的模块侧定义为催化器模块的排出侧。
附图说明
以下借助附图更详细地本发明，所述附图示出按照本发明的催化器模块的剖面。
具体实施方式
催化器模块1的本身常规的构造由以下确定，即，烟气流S在催化器模块1内与流动方向无转向(Umlenkung)地从催化器模块1的进入侧1'通过催化器元件2的通道3、4流向催化器模块1的排出侧1"。
在附图中示出的催化器模块1的按照本发明的构造中，所述构造基本上构成为带有矩形的侧面的封闭的平行六面体，与至今为止的经验有偏差地，催化器元件2与进入侧1'和/或排出侧1"或者流动方向相关地重新定位在催化器模块1中。因此，催化器元件2的穿流沿关于进入侧的和/或排出侧的流动方向有偏差的方向进行、例如错位90°。通过催化器元件2在催化器模块1内的特别的布置结构得出以下可能性，即，在深度上利用反应器设施的现有的横截面。由此达到几乎任意的可伸缩性(Skalierbarkeit)。
烟气从催化器模块1的进入侧1'通过多个开口和多个通道3引导至催化器元件2。所述催化器元件2如此设置，从而其相对于烟气在模块进入侧1上的主流动方向S地错位90°地定向。在每一个催化器元件2的排出侧上，烟气重新流入到通道4中，烟气通过所述通道引导至催化器模块1的排出侧1"。
通道3、4或者朝向催化器模块1的进入侧1'或者朝向排出侧1"敞开，从而烟气流S强制地引导通过催化器元件2。可选地，所述通道3、4可以具有如所示的示例中的不变的、减小的或者扩大的横截面变化。所述通道3、4也可以通过在流动情况方面的改善流动的组装件而优化地设计。
与此不同地，在催化器模块1的常规的构造中，将烟气流S输送到催化器元件2中直接在催化器模块1的进入侧1'进行，因为通常直接在催化器模块1的进入侧1'上设置有催化器元件2。在一些实施变体中，例如在催化器模块1的进入侧1'与到催化器元件2中的进口之间安装有静力学上重要的支柱、负载止挡点、灵活的栅格或者更多的类似物，这可以导致催化器模块1的进入侧1'和到催化器元件2中的进口之间与此相应地间隔开距离。
上述发明技术方案例如可以用于：
·在反应器横截面不变的情况下减小由催化器引起的压力损失。
·在减小反应器横截面的同时减小由催化器引起的压力损失。
·在减小反应器横截面时保持由催化器引起的压力损失。
不言而喻地，上述实施例在发明构思范围内可以进行诸多改变，特别是涉及到催化器元件在催化器模块中的位置。

Claims (4)

1.具有包括催化器元件的组装件的催化器模块，其特征在于，各个催化器元件(2)的流入面比催化器模块(1)的流动进口面大，其中，模块侧的朝向主流动方向(S)的面定义为模块进入面，并且其中，所述催化器元件(2)这样定位在催化器模块(1)中，使得各催化器元件与进入侧的和/或排出侧的流动方向的方向有偏差地被烟气穿流。
2.催化器模块，其特征在于，优选也设有如下的催化器元件(2)，所述催化器元件平行于进入侧的和/或排出侧的流动方向的定向地被烟气穿流。
3.按照权利要求1或2所述的催化器模块，其特征在于，在催化器模块(1)的进入侧(1')上设置有至少一个烟气通道(3)，所述烟气通道将烟气引导到催化器模块(1)中，其中，背离主流动方向(S)的模块侧定义为催化器模块(1)的进入侧(1')。
4.按照权利要求1至3之一所述的催化器模块，其特征在于，在催化器模块(1)的排出侧(1")上设置有至少一个烟气通道(4)，所述烟气通道将烟气从催化器模块(1)引导出，其中，背离主流动方向(S)的模块侧定义为催化器模块(1)的排出侧(1")。
CN201480033699.XA 2013-04-15 2014-04-14 具有催化器元件的催化器模块 Pending CN105339073A (zh)

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CN105257375A (zh) * 2015-10-08 2016-01-20 南京依柯卡特汽车催化器有限公司 一种基于多层壁流式的催化器
CN110339714A (zh) * 2019-08-26 2019-10-18 高化学（江苏）化工新材料有限责任公司 一种烟气脱硝催化反应器

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US20160061082A1 (en) 2016-03-03

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