CN105337696A - Polarization decoding method based on subsection CRC - Google Patents

Polarization decoding method based on subsection CRC Download PDF

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CN105337696A
CN105337696A CN201510644126.7A CN201510644126A CN105337696A CN 105337696 A CN105337696 A CN 105337696A CN 201510644126 A CN201510644126 A CN 201510644126A CN 105337696 A CN105337696 A CN 105337696A
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CN105337696B (en
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张川
周华羿
尤肖虎
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Southeast University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
    • H03M13/03—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words
    • H03M13/05—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words using block codes, i.e. a predetermined number of check bits joined to a predetermined number of information bits
    • H03M13/13—Linear codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0045—Arrangements at the receiver end
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
    • H03M13/03—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words
    • H03M13/05—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words using block codes, i.e. a predetermined number of check bits joined to a predetermined number of information bits
    • H03M13/09—Error detection only, e.g. using cyclic redundancy check [CRC] codes or single parity bit

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Probability & Statistics with Applications (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a polarization decoding method based on subsection CRC and belongs to the technical field of wireless communication channel coding. The subsection CRC (cyclic redundancy check) is utilized to improve an existing list successive elimination polarization decoding algorithm, and subsection polarization code CRC is carried out on an original information sequence at a coding end; and at a decoding end, the whole list successive elimination and decoding process is enabled to be divided into a plurality of subsections, CRC is carried out in each subsection, and unsuccessful decoding is judged according to the CRC check result or screening of ineffective paths is carried out. The subsection CRC and the list successive elimination polarization decoding algorithm are combined, so that time complexity of polarization decoding can be effectively reduced, and especially in the low SNR (signal to noise ratio) region, the time complexity of decoding is reduced obviously.

Description

Based on the polarization coding/decoding method of segmentation CRC check
Technical field
The present invention relates to coding/decoding method, particularly relate to a kind of polarization coding/decoding method based on segmentation CRC check, belong to radio communication channel coding techniques field.
Background technology
Since the eighties in last century, the made rapid progress of the communication technology makes human society march toward the information age.The development of wireless mobile telecommunication technology is that global IT application process provides very strong driving force.Radio honeycomb mobile communication is gone through: first generation analog communication techniques, second generation digital communication technology, third generation CDMA broadband communications technologies, has stepped into industrialization and the commercialization stage of 4G system at present.While 4G technology pushes industrialization and commercialization to, the mobile communication after 4G enters agenda, and wireless mobile communications evolution development faces brand-new challenge.Along with the popularization and application of intelligent terminal and the sustainable growth of mobile new business demand, wireless transmission rate demand exponentially will increase at coming 10 years.According to major carrier and the prediction of authoritative advisory organization: to the year two thousand twenty, the transmission rate requirements of radio communication will be at present at 1000 times of battalion's system.Existing 4G technology still will be difficult to superelevation transmission rate mobile interchange wireless communication needs after satisfied ten years, when frequency spectrum resource is increasingly in short supply, need the new technology introducing the property changed.Countries in the world, while promotion 4G industrialization work, have started the research being conceived to for the 5th generation wireless mobile telecommunication technology (5G), have made every effort to make mobile radio system performance and industry size produce new leap.
As everyone knows, service traffics promote the inherent primary demand that 1000 times are 5G wireless mobile telecommunication technology and industry development for 10 years.This core demand derives: five challenging index demands such as continuously wide area covering, focus high power capacity, low time delay are highly reliable, the large connection of terminal, equipment low-power consumption.Thus also realize proposing unprecedented high request and new challenge to corresponding chnnel coding to 5G wireless mobile telecommunication technology.Under the whole new set of applications scene of 5G mobile communication, polarization code has replaced the excellent candidate that Turbo code and LDPC code etc. become chnnel coding of future generation.Research is applicable to the efficient polarization code encoder of 5G mobile communication system and decoder has extremely strong theory significance and using value.
Polarization code (PolarCodes) is a kind of channel coding method that can be reached the constructivity of channel capacity by Strict Proof proposed by E.Arikan in 2009.Polarization code makes channel produce polarization effect by the operation of channel separation and channel-polarization, namely the channel capacity of local channel (being referred to as information bit) reaches the value close to 1, and the channel capacity of local channel (being referred to as to freeze position) reaches the value close to 0 simultaneously.And the basic thought of polarization code makes channel only transmit in information bit exactly, and abandon freezing position.
List successive elimination polarization decoding (SCL) algorithm is a kind of innovatory algorithm that (or being translated into successive elimination) decoding algorithm is offset in serial, it can search for mulitpath simultaneously, and the quantity of maximum searching route is here exactly so-called list length L (listsize).At i-th layer of code tree, be the path of (i-1) from the length of searching for, expand 2*L paths, calculate the likelihood ratio in these paths, SCL decoder selects the path of front L bar optimum to remain.Advantage is, like this compared to serial cancellation algorithms, optimum path is just more easily found.But shortcoming is, along with the increase of list length, the complexity of needs exponentially level increases, simultaneously the space that is still improved of decoding performance.
In order to improve the noise immunity of existing polarization code interpretation method, researcher is had to propose to utilize cyclic redundancy check (CRC) (CyclicRedundancyCheck, be called for short CRC) existing polarization code decoding algorithm is improved, such as, one section of Chinese invention patent discloses " the polarization code interpretation method that a kind of cyclic redundancy check (CRC) is auxiliary ", and (publication number is CN102694625, publication date is 2012.9.26), the basic thought of the method is: when carrying out decoding to polarization code, in the code tree corresponding to polarization code, from root node to leaf node, and the cyclic redundancy check value of bit estimated sequence corresponding to it is in all paths of zero, adopt list or storehouse assisting as route searching, find wherein degree of reiability and be worth a maximum paths, and export bit estimated sequence corresponding to this path as decode results.The method effectively improves the performance of decoding, but does not have clear improvement for decoding complex degree.The complexity how reducing polarization decoding is further still urgent problem.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome prior art deficiency, a kind of polarization coding/decoding method based on segmentation CRC check is provided, utilize stages cycle redundancy check to improve existing list successive elimination polarization decoding algorithm, thus effectively reduce the time complexity of polarization decoding.
The present invention specifically solves the problems of the technologies described above by the following technical solutions:
Based on the polarization coding/decoding method of segmentation CRC check, utilize list successive elimination algorithm to carry out the search of optimal path to the code tree corresponding to Polarization Coding sequence, thus obtain decoded result;
Described Polarization Coding sequence utilizes following methods to obtain: original information sequence be divided into M section and carry out cyclic redundancy check (CRC) coding respectively to each original information sequence section, obtaining the CRC coding section of each original information sequence section; Then the CRC coding section of each original information sequence section is merged according to the order of each original information sequence section in original information sequence, obtain the segmentation CRC coded sequence of original information sequence; Finally Polarization Coding is carried out to the segmentation CRC coded sequence of original information sequence, obtain the Polarization Coding sequence that code length is N; M be greater than 1 natural number;
In the process that code tree is searched for, when newly-increased path reaches the length of CRC coding section of i-th original information sequence section, i=1,2,, M, carries out CRC check respectively to the newly-increased path sections in current each path, and the alternatively path, path retained by CRC check, proceed the route searching of lower one deck; If all not by CRC check, then stopped search, declaration is decoded unsuccessfully; When path reaches N, from the path by selecting likelihood ratio maximum the path of CRC check as optimal path, the data sequence corresponding to optimal path is final decoded result after removing CRC check code wherein.
Further, in the CRC check process that each is taken turns, as being greater than the list widths L of list successive elimination algorithm by the path number of CRC check, then from the L paths alternatively path by selecting likelihood ratio larger the path of CRC check.
For the ease of algorithm realization and module reuse, preferably, the length of described M original information sequence section is equal.
Compared to existing technology, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
The present invention is combined by the coding/decoding method that stages cycle redundancy check and list successive elimination polarized, and effectively can reduce the time complexity of polarization decoding, especially in low signal-to-noise ratio region, reduce the time complexity of decoding significantly.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic of coding/decoding method of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is described in detail:
For the problem that the decode time complexity existing for the polarization code interpretation method that existing cyclic redundancy check (CRC) is assisted is higher, thinking of the present invention adopts stages cycle redundancy check and the list successive elimination coding/decoding method that polarize to combine, to reduce the time complexity polarizing and decode.Specifically, coding/decoding method of the present invention is specific as follows:
Utilize list successive elimination algorithm to carry out the search of optimal path to the code tree corresponding to Polarization Coding sequence, thus obtain decoded result; Described Polarization Coding sequence utilizes following methods to obtain: original information sequence be divided into M section and carry out cyclic redundancy check (CRC) coding respectively to each original information sequence section, obtaining the CRC coding section of each original information sequence section; Then the CRC coding section of each original information sequence section is merged according to the order of each original information sequence section in original information sequence, obtain the segmentation of original information sequence
CRC coded sequence; Finally Polarization Coding is carried out to the segmentation CRC coded sequence of original information sequence, obtain the Polarization Coding sequence that code length is N; M be greater than 1 natural number; In the process that code tree is searched for, when newly-increased path reaches the length of CRC coding section of i-th original information sequence section, i=1,2,, M, carries out CRC check respectively to the newly-increased path sections in current each path, and the alternatively path, path retained by CRC check, proceed the route searching of lower one deck; If all not by CRC check, then stopped search, declaration is decoded unsuccessfully; When path reaches N, from the path by selecting likelihood ratio maximum the path of CRC check as optimal path, the data sequence corresponding to optimal path is final decoded result after removing CRC check code wherein.
Can find out according to technique scheme, whole decode procedure is divided into multiple section by the present invention, all carries out CRC check at each section, judges decoding failure or carry out screening out of Invalid path according to CRC check result.In low signal-to-noise ratio region, if path candidate is not by certain cyclic redundancy check (CRC), so decode procedure can exit immediately and count out, in these cases, reach the situation of the total length of codeword sequence compared to conventional recycle redundancy check inspection, decode procedure has exited in advance.Therefore this scheme can reduce average list length, also reduces time complexity.Also stages cycle redundancy check check list successive elimination of the present invention can be seen as the mechanism that a kind of decode procedure exits in advance.
Fig. 1 shows the general principle of coding/decoding method of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, first at coding side, segmentation CRC check Polarization Coding is carried out to original information sequence, specific as follows: original information sequence is divided into M (M be greater than 1 natural number) individual tract, and respectively CRC check coding is carried out to each tract, namely using each tract as the information code of CRC check, thereafter splicing corresponding CRC check code, information code forms the CRC coding section of this tract together with check code; All CRC coding sections are merged according to the order of each original information sequence section in original information sequence, obtains the segmentation CRC coded sequence of original information sequence; Finally the segmentation CRC coded sequence of original information sequence is carried out Polarization Coding as the input of Polarization Coding device, obtain Polarization Coding sequence.In order to shortcut calculation and the module reuse being convenient to decode phase, preferably original information sequence is carried out decile, i.e. the identical length etc. of M tract.Suppose that original information sequence total length is k, then the length of each original information sequence section is k/M, corresponding CRC check code length is m, then the length of each CRC coding section is k/M+m, the total length K=M* (k/M+m) of CRC coded sequence, again through Polarization Coding device, if code check is R, the Polarization Coding sequence length obtained is N=K/R.
The decoding end length received via transmission is after the Polarization Coding sequence of N, utilizes list successive elimination algorithm to carry out the search of optimal path to the code tree corresponding to Polarization Coding sequence, thus obtains decoded result.The present invention improves list successive elimination algorithm, list successive elimination polarization decode procedure is also correspondingly divided into M section, all CRC check is carried out to current path each section of search procedure, if current path does not all pass through CRC check, then declaration is decoded unsuccessfully, exits decode procedure; As there is the path by CRC check, then alternatively continue the search of lower one deck in path with these paths.If be greater than the list widths L of list successive elimination algorithm by the path number of CRC check, then from the L paths alternatively path by selecting likelihood ratio larger the path of CRC check.Particularly, carrying out in search procedure to code tree, as the CRC coding section length that current search number of plies j reaches first paragraph original information sequence section, current 2L paths is being carried out CRC check respectively, if do not have path candidate to pass through verification, decoder exits and whole algorithm is counted out; Otherwise, proceed the route searching of next stage.
Suppose that by the number of path of CRC be p, can p≤L be proved.Prove as follows: the 2L paths of back be by L paths at the corresponding branch of the current layer of code tree according to 0,1 two kinds of point spread out, so two paths on more same branch, except last position is different, information is above just the same, according to the characteristic of CRC check, only there is 1 different two sequences can not simultaneously by CRC check, so have L paths in 2L paths at the most by CRC.And keep the algorithm of list widths L to be described as:
(1) current k paths at lower one deck of code tree according to 0,1 two nodes carry out Path extension, can obtain 2*p paths;
(2) if 2*p >=L, so only retain optimum L bar extensions path according to likelihood ratio, terminate; If 2*p<L, so make k=2*p, continue to get back to (1).
The CRC coding section length of the CRC coding section length+second segment original information sequence section of first paragraph original information sequence section is reached as current search number of plies j, then respectively CRC check is carried out to the newly-increased path sections in current each path (path between the layer namely carrying out CRC check from the last time to current layer), if do not have path candidate to pass through verification, decode procedure exits and whole algorithm is counted out; Otherwise, proceed the route searching of next stage.Processing procedure after having verified verifies identical with first time, repeats no more herein.The rest may be inferred, when path reaches N, carries out the M time CRC check, if do not have path to pass through verification, decode procedure exits and whole algorithm is counted out; Otherwise, from the path by selecting likelihood ratio maximum the path of CRC check as optimal path.Owing to including M CRC check code in the bit sequence of obtained length corresponding to the optimal path of N, therefore need CRC check code wherein to remove, remainder is final decoded result.
Be further described technical solution of the present invention with a specific embodiment below, the list widths L=2 in this embodiment, M such as to be segmented at the form-separating.Its decoding algorithm is specific as follows:
Make i represent decoding variables, change to N from 1.Make d irepresent i-th value of decoding, order represent the value of decoding sequence the 1 to the i-th, make l be list length, make L (i) represent the set of candidate sequence, make A represent the set of information bit, make A crepresent the set freezing position.Successive elimination list-decoding algorithm is at list length l=2 to divide the verification of M section cyclic redundancy check (CRC) to support
1) initialization: only comprise the dead circuit footpath that a length is 0 in initial list;
2) expand: in the i-th step of decoding, if i is one freeze position, so just composing in decoding paths is 0; If i is an information bit, candidate sequence is just broken down into two paths, and the current value of i-th of this two paths is respectively 0 or 1,
L ( i ) = { ( d 1 i - 1 , 0 ) | d 1 i - 1 &Element; L ( i - 1 ) } , i &Element; A c
L ( i ) = { ( d 1 i - 1 , d i ) | d 1 i - 1 &Element; L ( i - 1 ) , d i &Element; { 0 , 1 } } , i &Element; A
3) compete: in whole list, retain two optimal paths according to likelihood ratio and delete other paths.
4) the 1st section of CRC polarization decode procedure: repeat 2) and 3) until reach the 1/M of information bit length, then, CRC detection is carried out to path candidate, if there are two path candidates to have passed CRC, so just retain this two paths; If there is a path candidate to have passed CRC, so this paths at lower one deck of code tree according to 0,1 two nodes carry out Path extension, can obtain two paths and continue decoding; If do not have path candidate to pass through verification, then exit and declare to decode unsuccessfully.
5) the 2nd section of CRC polarization decode procedure: repeat (2) and (3) until reach the 2/M of information bit length, operating process is before identical with first paragraph.
……
M+3) M section CRC polarization decode procedure: repeat (2) and (3) until reach the end of information bit length, then CRC detection is carried out to path candidate, in the path passed through, select optimum path to export, data sequence corresponding to optimal path is final decoded result after removing CRC check code wherein; If do not have a paths by CRC, so can exit and declare to decode unsuccessfully.

Claims (4)

1., based on the polarization coding/decoding method of segmentation CRC check, utilize list successive elimination algorithm to carry out the search of optimal path to the code tree corresponding to Polarization Coding sequence, thus obtain decoded result; It is characterized in that,
Described Polarization Coding sequence utilizes following methods to obtain: original information sequence be divided into msection also carries out cyclic redundancy check (CRC) coding respectively to each original information sequence section, obtains the CRC coding section of each original information sequence section; Then the CRC coding section of each original information sequence section is merged according to the order of each original information sequence section in original information sequence, obtain the segmentation CRC coded sequence of original information sequence; Finally carry out Polarization Coding to the segmentation CRC coded sequence of original information sequence, obtaining code length is npolarization Coding sequence; mfor being greater than the natural number of 1;
In the process of searching for code tree, whenever newly-increased path reaches iduring the length of the CRC coding section of individual original information sequence section, i=1,2 ..., M, carries out CRC check respectively to the newly-increased path sections in current each path, and retains the alternatively path, path by CRC check, proceeds the route searching of lower one deck; If all not by CRC check, then stopped search, declaration is decoded unsuccessfully; When path reaches ntime, from the path by selecting likelihood ratio maximum the path of CRC check as optimal path, the data sequence corresponding to optimal path is final decoded result after removing CRC check code wherein.
2. polarize coding/decoding method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the CRC check process that each is taken turns, as being greater than the list widths of list successive elimination algorithm by the path number of CRC check l, then from by selecting likelihood ratio larger the path of CRC check lpaths is path alternatively.
3. polarize coding/decoding method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the list widths of list successive elimination algorithm lbe 2.
4. polarize coding/decoding method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described in mthe length of individual original information sequence section is equal.
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