CN105337030B - Vivaldi antennas and antenna assembly - Google Patents
Vivaldi antennas and antenna assembly Download PDFInfo
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- CN105337030B CN105337030B CN201410398108.0A CN201410398108A CN105337030B CN 105337030 B CN105337030 B CN 105337030B CN 201410398108 A CN201410398108 A CN 201410398108A CN 105337030 B CN105337030 B CN 105337030B
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of Vivaldi antennas, it is characterised in that including:Dielectric-slab, simultaneously with metal layer as upper surface;Tapered slot, is arranged on the upper surface of dielectric-slab, flare opening;Feed element, is arranged on dielectric-slab, and tapered slot is fed;At least two fence, are arranged on tapered slot both sides, for allowing electric current to be concentrated to the line of rabbet joint;And at least one director dipole, the open side of tapered slot is fixed on, guide electromagnetic waves are transmitted towards specified radiation direction, wherein, 1/3rd of length no more than the opening width of tapered slot of director dipole.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication field, and in particular to a kind of Vivaldi antennas of broadband Miniaturization high-gain with
And Vivaldi antenna assemblies.
Background technology
Since stepping into 21 century, with the rapid development of science and technology, the life of people increasingly modernizes and socialization, right
The application of electronic technology proposes the requirement of higher, either military communication or commercial signal communication system, does not require nothing more than high quality
The information such as ground transmission language, word, image, data, and require broadband equipment, miniaturization, high-gain.
Antenna is one of important component in radio communications system as the device for radiating and receiving electromagnetic wave.
In commercial signal communication system, particularly the free wireless communication system of track traffic, its channel capacity constantly expand, transmission range
Constantly extend, in order to meet communication quality, often input to antenna using powerful transmitter or after signal is amplified, that
Thus considerably increase cost.
Vivaldi antennas are a kind of all channel antennas, can meet the broadband requirement of communication system.But use
Vivaldi antenna forms, if to obtain higher gain, with regard to necessary Enhanced Radiation Reduced Blast bore, this certainly will increase the volume of antenna.
And compartment space is limited, it is necessary to which the volume of antenna is less and less, in order to install.
The medium of high-k is added in electromagenetic wave radiation direction as director, is to improve Vivaldi antenna gains
Effective means, but the director dielectric loss of high-k is big, can cause the unnecessary loss of electromagnetic wave, and so
Antenna need to manufacture using the material of two kinds of differing dielectric constants, processed complex, cost is higher.
The content of the invention
The present invention be directed to above problem progress, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of high-gain, the broadband of miniaturization
Vivaldi antennas and antenna assembly.
The present invention to achieve the above object, employs following technical solution:
<Structure one>
The present invention provides a kind of Vivaldi antennas, it is characterised in that including:Dielectric-slab, simultaneously with metal layer as upper
Surface;Tapered slot, is arranged on the upper surface of dielectric-slab, flare opening;Feed element, is arranged on dielectric-slab, right
Tapered slot is fed;At least two fence, are arranged on tapered slot both sides, for allowing electric current to be concentrated to the line of rabbet joint;And extremely
A few director dipole, is fixed on the open side of tapered slot, and guide electromagnetic waves are transmitted towards specified radiation direction, its
In, 1/3rd of length no more than the opening width of tapered slot of director dipole.
Further, Vivaldi antennas according to the present invention, can also have the feature that:Wherein, fence is even number
It is a, it is arranged oppositely according to specific interval in tapered slot both sides, the fence positioned at the same side is arranged according to a determining deviation.
In addition, Vivaldi antennas according to the present invention, can also have the feature that:Wherein, director dipole is extremely
It is two few, and arranged along specified radiation direction according to predetermined space.
In addition, Vivaldi antennas according to the present invention, can also have the feature that:Wherein, the dielectric of dielectric-slab
Constant is 4.4.
In addition, Vivaldi antennas according to the present invention, can also have the feature that:The length of director dipole is not
More than 1/5th of the opening width of tapered slot.
In addition, Vivaldi antennas according to the present invention, can also have the feature that:Wherein, feed element bag
Include:Microstrip transmission line, is arranged on the lower surface of dielectric-slab, is used for transmission electric current;Plated through-hole, through dielectric-slab, by micro-strip
Transmission line is connected with upper surface;The Y shape line of rabbet joint, in the middle part of one end of the upper surface of dielectric-slab;The circular line of rabbet joint, with Y shape line of rabbet joint phase
Even.
<Structure two>
The present invention also provides a kind of Vivaldi antenna assemblies, it is characterised in that including:Described in any of the above-described
Vivaldi antennas;With the antenna house for protecting the Vivaldi antennas.
The effect of invention
Involved Vivaldi antennas according to the present invention, because setting fence in the both sides of tapered slot, change metal
CURRENT DISTRIBUTION on layer, making current convergence, the radiation intensity of electromagnetic wave increases, so that the gain of antenna carries in tapered slot
It is high;Meanwhile director dipole is set in the open side of tapered slot, the radiation of guide electromagnetic waves, makes the gain of antenna further carry
Height, therefore the Vivaldi antennas can effectively improve the increasing of antenna while ensureing broadband and keeping antenna miniaturization
Benefit.
In addition, parasite current, all parasitisms can be produced under the action of gap radiation at the edge of fence and director dipole
The electric field of electric current synthesis not only can be with enhanced rad gap forward radiation ability, but also can offset partially due to ground plane causes
Cross polarization electric field component, improve antenna it is anti-polarization distortion ability, so as to improve polarization purity.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 (a) is the structure diagram of Vivaldi upper antenna surfaces, and Fig. 1 (b) is the structure of Vivaldi lower antenna surfaces
Schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the partial enlarged view of Vivaldi upper antenna surfaces;
Fig. 3 is the distribution schematic diagram of fence and director dipole;
Fig. 4 is the principle schematic of Vivaldi antennas;
Fig. 5 is the external structure schematic diagram of Vivaldi antenna assemblies;And
Fig. 6 is the part-structure schematic diagram of Vivaldi antenna assemblies.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, Vivaldi antennas according to the present invention and Vivaldi antenna assemblies are made to explain in detail
State.
<Embodiment one>
Fig. 1 (a) is the structure diagram of Vivaldi upper antenna surfaces, and Fig. 1 (b) is the structure of Vivaldi lower antenna surfaces
Schematic diagram.
As shown in Figure 1, Vivaldi antennas 100 include 103, eight dielectric-slab 101, tapered slot 102, feed element grid
Column 104 and three director dipoles 105.
As shown in Fig. 1 (a), in the present embodiment, the size of dielectric-slab 101 is 136mm × 63.9mm × 1mm, and dielectric is normal
Number is 4.4, in the present embodiment, for the ease of installation, three corners up and down of dielectric-slab 101 is cut into corner cut, the ruler of corner cut
It is very little only related to the size of installation unit.
The upper surface of dielectric-slab 101 has metal layer 106, and for conducting electric current, in the present embodiment, metal layer 106 is
The copper foil being pasted onto on dielectric-slab 101, the length of metal layer 106 is 98mm.
Tapered slot 102 is arranged on the upper surface of dielectric-slab 101, and according to exponential fade, flare opening, it includes
Left and right two symmetrically arranged exponential lines.The parametric equation of this two radical exponents line is all:Y=1.04e0.0392z-0.89。
As shown in Figure 1, feed element 103 is used to feed tapered slot 102 and impedance matching.Feed element 103 includes
Microstrip transmission line 107, plated through-hole 108, the Y shape line of rabbet joint 109 and the circular line of rabbet joint 110.Microstrip transmission line 107 is fixed on dielectric-slab
101 lower surface, is used for transmission electric current, the material identical of microstrip transmission line 107 and metal layer 106.Plated through-hole 108 is through Jie
Scutum 101, for connecting microstrip transmission line 107 and metal layer 106, the electric current that microstrip transmission line transmits is conducted to metal layer
On 106.The Y shape line of rabbet joint 109 is arranged on the middle part of 101 upper surface lower end of dielectric-slab, its bottom is connected with tapered slot 102.Circle
The shape line of rabbet joint 110 is connected with the right end of the Y shape line of rabbet joint 109.
Fig. 2 is the partial enlarged view of Vivaldi upper antenna surfaces.
As shown in Fig. 2, the Y shape line of rabbet joint 109 includes three rectangle line of rabbet joint 111, the size of each rectangle line of rabbet joint 111 is
3.5mm×0.3mm.One of rectangle line of rabbet joint 111 is connected with tapered slot 102, another is connected with the circular line of rabbet joint 110, circle
A diameter of 4mm of the shape line of rabbet joint 110.
As shown in Figure 1, in Vivaldi antennas 100, fence 104 is arranged on the tapered slot 102 of metal layer 106
Both sides.In the present embodiment, eight fence 104 are divided into two groups of left and right, and the longitudinal centre line on dielectric-slab 101 is symmetrical arranged
It is arranged oppositely in the both sides of tapered slot 102, and according to certain intervals, four fence 104 positioned at the same side are according to certain
Spacing arrangement.Outer openings of each fence 104 to metal layer 106.
Fig. 3 is the distribution schematic diagram of fence and director dipole.
As shown in figure 3, in the present embodiment, four fence 104 positioned at 102 the same side of tapered slot are from tapered slot
102 initiating terminal is arranged to openend, the sizes of four fence 104 be followed successively by 20.3mm × 5mm, 17.33mm × 5mm,
10.33mm×5mm、7.33mm×5mm;The spacing of two neighboring fence 104 is followed successively by 15mm, 15mm and 10mm, positioned at gradual change
The fence 104 of 102 initiating terminal of the line of rabbet joint and the spacing at the edge of dielectric-slab 101 are 27mm.Two to fence 104 between
It is followed successively by every from left to right:23.3mm, 29.24mm, 43.24mm and 49.24mm.
As shown in Figure 1,3, director dipole 105 is fixed on dielectric-slab 101, positioned at the open side of tapered slot 102, is used
It is transmitted in guide electromagnetic waves to radiation direction as shown in Figure 3.In the present embodiment, altogether equipped with three director dipoles 105,
Arranged along the radiation direction of electromagnetic wave, the material of director dipole 105 is identical with metal layer 106.The ruler of three director dipoles 105
Very little is 12mm × 5mm, is seen along the radiation direction of electromagnetic wave as shown in Figure 3, the right hand edge of innermost director dipole 105
Horizontal distance with the edge of metal layer 106 is 1.5mm, positioned at middle director dipole 105 and innermost director dipole 105
Center spacing be 17mm, the center spacing of outermost director dipole 105 and middle director dipole 105 is 21mm.
As shown in Figure 1, being additionally provided with five mounting holes 112 on the dielectric-slab 101 of Vivaldi antennas 100, it is used for
The installation of Vivaldi antennas 100.
Fig. 4 is the principle schematic of Vivaldi antennas.
From the transmission characteristic of the line of rabbet joint, the line of rabbet joint under matching status, groove width is much smaller than half of operation wavelength, then leads
Energy is broadcast to be bound between conductor plate without to external radiation.As shown in figure 4, the groove width of the line of rabbet joint constantly increases from left to right, W
< W1 < W2, when groove width is increased above half of operation wavelength, the outside radiated electromagnetic wave of antenna element or reception electromagnetic wave.
In the Vivaldi antennas 100 of the present embodiment, feed element 103 is fed to tapered slot 102, and wherein micro-strip passes
Defeated line 107 transmits electric current, is then transferred to metal layer 106, the Y shape line of rabbet joint 109 and microstrip transmission line 107 by plated through-hole 108
Coupled transfer signal, the circular line of rabbet joint 110 play the role of impedance matching.Electric current is distributed mainly along tapered slot 102 after feed,
The setting of fence 104 can change the CURRENT DISTRIBUTION on metal layer 106, electric current is concentrated to tapered slot 102, so as to increase electricity
The radiation intensity of magnetic wave, increases the gain of antenna;Three director dipoles 105 are arranged on the radiation direction of electromagnetic wave, play and draw
The effect of conductive magnetic wave, radiates more electromagnetism wave direction radiation directions, so as to further improve the gain of antenna.In gap spoke
Under the action of penetrating, the edge of fence 104 and director dipole 105 can produce parasite current, and the electric field of all parasite current synthesis is not
Only can be with enhanced rad gap forward radiation ability, and can offset partially due to cross polarization electric field caused by ground plane point
Amount, improves the ability of the anti-polarization distortion of antenna, so as to improve polarization purity.
In addition, the size of fence 104 and director dipole 105 and distribution are determined by electromagnetic simulation software HFSS optimizations.
The circular line of rabbet joint 110 and the Y shape line of rabbet joint 109, plated through-hole 108 enable input impedance and the cable of Vivaldi antennas 100
50 ohm of characteristic impedance matches, so as to make the input impedance of antenna and the characteristic impedance of cable in required frequency range
It is equal, so as to increase the bandwidth of antenna.
<Embodiment two>
Fig. 5 is the external structure schematic diagram of Vivaldi antenna assemblies.
As shown in figure 5, Vivaldi antenna assemblies 200 include embodiment one described in Vivaldi antennas 100 (in figure not
Show) and for protecting the antenna houses 201 of Vivaldi antennas 100.
Fig. 6 is the part-structure schematic diagram of Vivaldi antenna assemblies.
As shown in Figure 5,6, antenna house 201 includes base 202, cover body 203, earthing rod 204, radio-frequency joint 205 and L-shaped
Installed part 206a and 206b.
Vivaldi antennas 100 by with five mounting holes, 112 matched two L-shaped installed part 206a, 206b and five
A fixing piece (not shown) is fixed on base 202.
Cover body 203 is installed on base 202, and is covered on around Vivaldi antennas 100, plays protective action.Such as Fig. 1,6
Shown, for the ease of the installation of cover body 203, the dielectric-slab 101 of Vivaldi antennas 100 is provided with the position close to cover body 203
Three corner cuts.
As shown in figure 5, earthing rod 204 is installed on 202 bottom of base, earthing rod 204 has been connected with the earth with metal object
Come, it is possible to play anti-lightning strike effect.
Radio-frequency joint 205 is also mounted at 202 bottom of base, is connected with radio-frequency cable, for providing high-frequency signal to antenna
(electric current).
As shown in fig. 6, Vivaldi antenna assemblies 200 further include cable 207, one end of cable 207 is connected to radio-frequency joint
On 205, the inner wire of the other end is welded on the microstrip transmission line 107 of Vivaldi antennas 100, and outer conductor is welded on Vivaldi
On the dielectric-slab 101 of antenna 100, the high-frequency signal (electric current) that radio-frequency joint 205 is inputted is transferred on microstrip transmission line 107.
The effect of embodiment
Vivaldi antennas according to involved by embodiment one, because on the basis of traditional Vivaldi antennas, gradually
Become line of rabbet joint both sides and outwardly open eight fence be set, change the CURRENT DISTRIBUTION on metal layer, electric current is concentrated to tapered slot,
Increase the radiation intensity of electromagnetic wave;Tapered slot open side set three director dipoles, the radiation of guide electromagnetic waves, therefore
It is effectively improved the gain of the Vivaldi antennas.The Vivaldi antennas can keep Vivaldi antennas broadband, small-sized
On the basis of change, the gain of antenna is brought up into 12dBi from 10dBi.
In addition, parasite current, all parasitisms can be produced under the action of gap radiation at the edge of fence and director dipole
The electric field of electric current synthesis not only can be with enhanced rad gap forward radiation ability, but also can offset partially due to ground plane causes
Cross polarization electric field component, improve antenna it is anti-polarization distortion ability, so as to improve polarization purity.
Vivaldi antenna assemblies according to involved by embodiment two, because Vivaldi antennas are installed in antenna house,
And earthing rod is equipped with, is connected by metal object with the earth, therefore can be played during the use of Vivaldi antennas anti-
Water, anti-corrosion, antifriction, anti-lightning strike etc. act on, and improve the service life of antenna.
Certainly, above example is only the basic explanation under present inventive concept, the protection model being not intended to limit the present invention
Enclose.
, also can be in addition, the fence and director dipole in Vivaldi antennas may be arranged as other sizes and number
The gain of antenna is improved to a certain extent, but be not as good as the technique effect of embodiment one.
In addition, in embodiment one, metal layer is the copper foil being pasted onto on dielectric-slab, and it is medium that metal layer, which can also plate,
One layer of coat of metal on plate.
Claims (7)
- A kind of 1. Vivaldi antennas, it is characterised in that including:Dielectric-slab, simultaneously with metal layer as upper surface;Tapered slot, is arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric-slab, flare opening;Feed element, is arranged on the dielectric-slab, and the tapered slot is fed;At least two fence, are arranged on the tapered slot both sides, for allowing electric current to be concentrated to the line of rabbet joint;AndAt least one director dipole, is fixed on the open side of the tapered slot, guide electromagnetic waves towards specified radiation direction into Row transmission,Wherein, 1/3rd of the length of the director dipole no more than the opening width of the tapered slot,The feed element includes:Microstrip transmission line, it is Y-shaped, it is arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric-slab, is used for transmission electricity Stream;Plated through-hole, through the dielectric-slab, the microstrip transmission line is connected with the upper surface;The Y shape line of rabbet joint, positioned at described In the middle part of one end of the upper surface of dielectric-slab;The circular line of rabbet joint, is connected with the Y shape line of rabbet joint,The Y shape line of rabbet joint includes three rectangle line of rabbet joint,One in the rectangle line of rabbet joint is connected with the tapered slot, another is connected with the circular line of rabbet joint.
- 2. Vivaldi antennas according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Wherein, the fence is even number, is arranged oppositely according to specific interval in the tapered slot both sides, positioned at the same side The fence is arranged according to a determining deviation.
- 3. Vivaldi antennas according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Wherein, the director dipole is at least two, and is arranged along the specified radiation direction according to predetermined space.
- 4. Vivaldi antennas according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Wherein, the dielectric constant of the dielectric-slab is 4.4.
- 5. Vivaldi antennas according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Wherein, 1/5th of the length of the director dipole no more than the opening width of the tapered slot.
- 6. Vivaldi antennas according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Wherein, the Vivaldi antenna applications are at the top of the rail transit cars,The size of the rectangle line of rabbet joint is 3.5mm × 0.3mm, a diameter of 4mm of the circle line of rabbet joint.
- A kind of 7. Vivaldi antenna assemblies, it is characterised in that including:Vivaldi antennas according to any one of claims 1 to 6;WithFor protecting the antenna house of the Vivaldi antennas.
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CN201410398108.0A CN105337030B (en) | 2014-08-08 | 2014-08-13 | Vivaldi antennas and antenna assembly |
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CN201410390832 | 2014-08-08 | ||
CN2014103908329 | 2014-08-08 | ||
CN201410398108.0A CN105337030B (en) | 2014-08-08 | 2014-08-13 | Vivaldi antennas and antenna assembly |
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CN105337030A CN105337030A (en) | 2016-02-17 |
CN105337030B true CN105337030B (en) | 2018-04-13 |
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CN201420456532.1U Active CN204088564U (en) | 2014-08-08 | 2014-08-13 | Vivaldi antenna and antenna assembly |
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Families Citing this family (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN105337030B (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2018-04-13 | 中电科微波通信(上海)股份有限公司 | Vivaldi antennas and antenna assembly |
TWI565136B (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2017-01-01 | 成浩科電股份有限公司 | Tapered slot antenna device |
CN106450731A (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2017-02-22 | 云南大学 | Broadband high gain Vivaldi antenna for loading grooved dielectric-slabs |
CN106549225A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-03-29 | 南京信息工程大学 | A kind of ultra broadband anti-pode Vivaldi antennas |
CN107181055A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-09-19 | 南京理工大学 | Vivaldi antennas with trap characteristic |
CN107317101A (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-11-03 | 南京邮电大学 | It is a kind of based on parasitic patch loading technique to heel Vivaldi antennas |
CN109786958A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-05-21 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of minimized wide-band Vivaldi monopole antenna |
CN110752441A (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2020-02-04 | 西安电子科技大学 | Transmit-receive antenna and hand-held type through-wall radar system |
CN110828996B (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2021-04-23 | 中国地质大学(北京) | Butterfly antenna assembly |
CN111193109B (en) * | 2020-03-02 | 2022-12-02 | 德州学院 | Vivaldi antenna integrated with self-packaging substrate and provided with suspension line |
CN111430909A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-07-17 | 苏州迈斯维通信技术有限公司 | Ultra-wide band planar antenna |
CN114447629B (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2023-01-06 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna, antenna module and electronic equipment |
CN112635962B (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2022-08-02 | 杭州海康威视数字技术股份有限公司 | Handheld interference unit and interference unit antenna thereof |
CN112952357A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-06-11 | 西安交通大学 | Plane combined pulse radiation antenna |
CN112993553A (en) * | 2021-02-09 | 2021-06-18 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | Antenna unit and antenna structure |
CN113381183B (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2022-01-25 | 华南理工大学 | Anti-sufficient Vivaldi antenna based on artificial surface plasmon polariton |
CN113555666B (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2024-04-05 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Antenna unit and electronic device |
CN114188709A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-03-15 | 山东师范大学 | Vivaldi antenna for medical imaging and manufacturing method thereof |
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CN204088564U (en) | 2015-01-07 |
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