CN105334679A - 一种双层tn模式的液晶显示器及其制造工艺 - Google Patents

一种双层tn模式的液晶显示器及其制造工艺 Download PDF

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CN105334679A
CN105334679A CN201510783869.2A CN201510783869A CN105334679A CN 105334679 A CN105334679 A CN 105334679A CN 201510783869 A CN201510783869 A CN 201510783869A CN 105334679 A CN105334679 A CN 105334679A
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刘威
侯英光
牛锡晶
魏书媛
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YASHI PHOTOELECTRIC CO Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
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    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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    • GPHYSICS
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    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
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    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528Polarisers
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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    • G02F1/1337Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G02F1/13378Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by treatment of the surface, e.g. embossing, rubbing or light irradiation
    • G02F1/133784Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by treatment of the surface, e.g. embossing, rubbing or light irradiation by rubbing
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/139Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent
    • G02F1/1396Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent the liquid crystal being selectively controlled between a twisted state and a non-twisted state, e.g. TN-LC cell
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/133302Rigid substrates, e.g. inorganic substrates

Abstract

本发明涉及一种双层TN模式的液晶显示器及其制造工艺,所述双层TN模式的液晶显示器,包括自上而下设置的上偏光片、上液晶盒、下液晶盒和下偏光片;上液晶盒和下液晶盒结构相同,分别由自上而下设置的上玻璃基板、上PI取向层、液晶层、下PI取向层和下玻璃基板组成,其中液晶层由边框胶封闭在上PI取向层和下PI取向层之间;液晶层为扭曲向列型,光程差Δnd=450~550nm;上液晶盒和下液晶盒之间通过黑色粘性油墨粘贴。本发明通过双层TN模式LCD的贴合实现同一块LCD在多视角下都有良好的对比度,并通过对上、下2个液晶盒的独立驱动实现多内容显示;上、下2个液晶盒之间采用黑色粘性油墨贴合,其工艺简单,厚度小,工作性能可靠。

Description

一种双层TN模式的液晶显示器及其制造工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及液晶显示器技术领域,尤其涉及一种双层TN模式的液晶显示器及其制造工艺。
背景技术
近年来,液晶显示器因为体积小、重量轻、功耗低等特点已经被越来越多的人所熟识,其最常见的模式是TN模式。虽然TN模式LCD存在驱动路数低、视角窄、视角单一、显示内容少等缺点,可是在同尺寸下其价格最便宜,因此TNLCD被广泛应用于工业仪器仪表、家庭生活等多个领域。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种双层TN模式的液晶显示器及其制造工艺,通过双层TN模式LCD的贴合实现同一块LCD在多视角下都有良好的对比度,并通过对上、下2个液晶盒的独立驱动实现多内容显示;上、下2个液晶盒之间采用黑色粘性油墨贴合,其工艺简单,厚度小,工作性能可靠。
为了达到上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案实现:
一种双层TN模式的液晶显示器,包括自上而下设置的上偏光片、上液晶盒、下液晶盒和下偏光片;上液晶盒和下液晶盒结构相同,分别由自上而下设置的上玻璃基板、上PI取向层、液晶层、下PI取向层和下玻璃基板组成,其中液晶层由边框胶封闭在上PI取向层和下PI取向层之间;液晶层为扭曲向列型,光程差Δnd=450~550nm;上液晶盒和下液晶盒之间通过黑色粘性油墨粘贴。
所述上玻璃基板、下玻璃基板采用ITO导电膜玻璃材质,其厚度范围为0.4mm~1.1mm,方阻范围为60Ω/□~120Ω/□。
所述液晶层由衬垫料和液晶构成,衬垫料大小为5.5μm~6.0μm,以密度范围为每平方毫米40个~100个均匀分布,周围由液晶填充。
所述上液晶盒和下液晶盒之间印刷黑色粘性油墨,厚度为8~12um。
所述上偏光片和下偏光片为偏振度大于99%的高偏振度偏光片。
一种双层TN模式的液晶显示器的制造工艺,包括:
1)上液晶盒、下液晶盒的制造方法基本相同,上玻璃基板、下玻璃基板采用ITO导电膜玻璃材质,其厚度范围为0.4mm~1.1mm,方阻范围为60Ω/□~120Ω/□;
2)分别在2个液晶盒的上玻璃基板与下玻璃基板的ITO侧涂PI取向剂,采用250~270℃的PI固化条件,用摩擦绒布以规定的角度摩擦,使PI取向层形成沟槽,并使上液晶盒和下液晶盒的摩擦方向相互平行或垂直;
3)在5.0s~5.5s时间内,在2个液晶盒的上玻璃基板表面喷直径范围5.5μm~6.0μm的衬垫料,使衬垫料以密度为每平方毫米40个~100个均匀分布;涂边框胶并留液晶灌注口;使用环氧树脂胶作为黏合剂,精确贴合上玻璃基板与下玻璃基板,形成上液晶盒和下液晶盒,液晶盒的厚度由衬垫料的大小决定,衬垫料的周围填充液晶;液晶盒的光程差控制在Δnd=450~550nm之间,其大小为液晶分子的折射率各向异性Δn与液晶盒盒厚d的乘积;
4)上液晶盒与下液晶盒之间印刷黑色粘性油墨,厚度为8~12um;
5)在上液晶盒的上玻璃基板表面、下液晶盒的下玻璃基板表面分别贴合偏振度大于99%的高偏振度偏光片。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
1)可通过分别调整上液晶盒和下液晶盒的摩擦和扭曲方向进行互补设计,使2个液晶盒视角对应互补,从而达到整体产品各个方向视角都有一个良好的对比度,实现全视角显示;
2)通过对上液晶盒和下液晶盒分别驱动,实现了在一个显示区域内,显示2个TN.LCD内容的目的;
3)工艺独特,上、下2个液晶盒之间采用黑色粘性油墨贴合,形状大小通用边框胶即可,厚度大约10um,既不影响外观同时拥有较高的可靠性。
附图说明
图1是本发明所述双层TN模式液晶显示器的结构示意图。
图2是本发明所述上/下液晶盒的结构示意图。
图3是普通TN模式液晶显示器的原理示意图。
图4是本发明所述双层TN模式液晶显示器的原理示意图。
图中:1.上偏光片2.上液晶盒3.黑色粘性油墨4.下液晶盒5.下偏光片6.上玻璃基板7.上PI取向层8.液晶层9.边框胶10.衬垫料11.下玻璃基板12.下PI取向层13.液晶
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步说明:
见图1-图2,是本发明所述双层TN模式液晶显示器的结构示意图。本发明所述一种双层TN模式的液晶显示器,其特征在于,包括自上而下设置的上偏光片1、上液晶盒2、下液晶盒4和下偏光片5;上液晶盒2和下液晶盒4结构相同,分别由自上而下设置的上玻璃基板6、上PI取向层7、液晶层8、下PI取向层12和下玻璃基板11组成,其中液晶层8由边框胶9封闭在上PI取向层7和下PI取向层12之间;液晶层8为扭曲向列型,光程差Δnd=450~550nm;上液晶盒2和下液晶盒4之间通过黑色粘性油墨3粘贴。
所述上玻璃基板6、下玻璃基板11采用ITO导电膜玻璃材质,其厚度范围为0.4mm~1.1mm,方阻范围为60Ω/□~120Ω/□。
所述液晶层8由衬垫料10和液晶13构成,衬垫料10大小为5.5μm~6.0μm,以密度范围为每平方毫米40个~100个均匀分布,周围由液晶13填充。
所述上液晶盒2和下液晶盒4之间印刷黑色粘性油墨3,厚度为8~12um。
所述上偏光片1和下偏光片5为偏振度大于99%的高偏振度偏光片。
本发明所述一种双层TN模式的液晶显示器的制造工艺,包括:
1)上液晶盒2、下液晶盒4的制造方法基本相同,上玻璃基板6、下玻璃基板11采用ITO导电膜玻璃材质,其厚度范围为0.4mm~1.1mm,方阻范围为60Ω/□~120Ω/□;
2)分别在2个液晶盒2、4的上玻璃基板6与下玻璃基板11的ITO侧涂PI取向剂,采用250~270℃的PI固化条件,用摩擦绒布以规定的角度摩擦,使PI取向层7、12形成沟槽,并使上液晶盒2和下液晶盒4的摩擦方向相互平行或垂直;
3)在5.0s~5.5s时间内,在2个液晶盒2、4的上玻璃基板6表面喷直径范围5.5μm~6.0μm的衬垫料10,使衬垫料10以密度为每平方毫米40个~100个均匀分布;涂边框胶9并留液晶灌注口;使用环氧树脂胶作为黏合剂,精确贴合上玻璃基板6与下玻璃基板11,形成上液晶盒2和下液晶盒4,液晶盒2、4的厚度由衬垫料10的大小决定,衬垫料10的周围填充液晶13;液晶盒2、4的光程差控制在Δnd=450~550nm之间,其大小为液晶分子的折射率各向异性Δn与液晶盒盒厚d的乘积;
4)上液晶盒2与下液晶盒4之间印刷黑色粘性油墨3,厚度为8~12um;
5)在上液晶盒2的上玻璃基板6表面、下液晶盒4的下玻璃基板11表面分别贴合偏振度大于99%的高偏振度偏光片。
为了更清楚地描述本发明的实现方式,先对普通TN-LCD的基本原理进行一下说明。普通TN-LCD的原理如图3所示。在不加电状态光在通过一个透光轴水平的偏光片时变成水平方向的线偏振光,通过液晶盒的时候利用液晶分子的眩光特性把光的方向由水平改为垂直,透过透光轴垂直的背偏光片时沿垂直方向传出,此时没有显示。
在加电状态光在通过一个透光轴水平的偏光片时变成水平方向的线偏振光,通过液晶盒的时候液晶分子因为电场垂直于玻璃表面排列失去眩光特性,光仍然沿水平方向传播,透过透光轴垂直的背偏光片时二者正交,无法传播出去,此时有显示。
而本发明所述双层TN模式的液晶显示器的基本原理如图4所示,在2个液晶盒2、4都不加电状态,光在通过一个透光轴水平的偏光片时变成水平方向的线偏振光,通过上液晶盒2的时候利用液晶分子的眩光特性把光的方向由水平改为垂直,通过下液晶盒4的时候利用液晶分子的眩光特性把光的方向由垂直改为水平,最后透过透光轴水平的背偏光片时沿水平方向传出,此时没有显示
在上液晶盒2加电,下液晶盒4不加电状态下,光在通过一个透光轴水平的偏光片时变成水平方向的线偏振光,通过上液晶盒2的时候液晶分子因为电场垂直于玻璃表面排列失去眩光特性,光仍然沿水平方向传播,通过下液晶盒4的时候利用液晶分子的眩光特性把光的方向由水平改为垂直,透过透光轴水平的背偏光片时二者正交,无法传播出去,此时只有上液晶盒2有显示
同理,在上液晶盒2不加电,下液晶盒4加电状态下,光在通过一个透光轴水平的偏光片时变成水平方向的线偏振光,通过上液晶盒2的时候利用液晶分子的眩光特性把光的方向由水平改为垂直,通过下液晶盒4的时候液晶分子因为电场垂直于玻璃表面排列失去眩光特性,光仍然沿垂直方向传播,透过透光轴水平的背偏光片时二者正交,无法传播出去,此时只有下液晶盒4有显示
由此,本发明的设计思路是,通过对上液晶盒2和下液晶盒4分别驱动,实现在1个显示区域内,显示2个TN-LCD内容的目的。
另外,TN产品的视角由液晶盒内PI的摩擦方向和液晶分子的扭曲方向(左旋和右旋)决定。通常TN模式液晶显示器都有一个方向的视角特别差,比如产品为6:00视角的,一般12:00方向的对比度都特别差,6:00、3:00、9:00的都能满足客户的要求。而本发明中采用2个液晶盒,可以通过分别调整上液晶盒2和下液晶盒4的摩擦和扭曲方向进行互补设计,使2个液晶盒2、4视角对应互补,例如视角分别设计为6:00和12:00,从而达到整体产品各个方向视角都有一个良好的对比度,实现全视角显示。
本发明中,上、下2个液晶盒2、4之间的贴合工艺比较特殊。行业内通常采用双面胶或水胶作为贴合剂,但是这两种材料都有各自的缺点,双面胶厚度大,容易形成上下双盒之间的干涉状的牛顿环;而使用水胶的加工难度大,对工艺设备的要求高,制作过程中极易出现气泡,且不能返修。本发明采用的方法是采用黑色粘性油墨3贴合,其工艺简单,厚度小,工作性能可靠。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (6)

1.一种双层TN模式的液晶显示器,其特征在于,包括自上而下设置的上偏光片、上液晶盒、下液晶盒和下偏光片;上液晶盒和下液晶盒结构相同,分别由自上而下设置的上玻璃基板、上PI取向层、液晶层、下PI取向层和下玻璃基板组成,其中液晶层由边框胶封闭在上PI取向层和下PI取向层之间;液晶层为扭曲向列型,光程差Δnd=450~550nm;上液晶盒和下液晶盒之间通过黑色粘性油墨粘贴。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种双层TN模式的液晶显示器,其特征在于,所述上玻璃基板、下玻璃基板采用ITO导电膜玻璃材质,其厚度范围为0.4mm~1.1mm,方阻范围为60Ω/□~120Ω/□。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种双层TN模式的液晶显示器,其特征在于,所述液晶层由衬垫料和液晶构成,衬垫料大小为5.5μm~6.0μm,以密度范围为每平方毫米40个~100个均匀分布,周围由液晶填充。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种双层TN模式的液晶显示器,其特征在于,所述上液晶盒和下液晶盒之间印刷黑色粘性油墨,厚度为8~12um。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种双层TN模式的液晶显示器,其特征在于,所述上偏光片和下偏光片为偏振度大于99%的高偏振度偏光片。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种双层TN模式的液晶显示器的制造工艺,其特征在于,包括:
1)上液晶盒、下液晶盒的制造方法基本相同,上玻璃基板、下玻璃基板采用ITO导电膜玻璃材质,其厚度范围为0.4mm~1.1mm,方阻范围为60Ω/□~120Ω/□;
2)分别在2个液晶盒的上玻璃基板与下玻璃基板的ITO侧涂PI取向剂,采用250~270℃的PI固化条件,用摩擦绒布以规定的角度摩擦,使PI取向层形成沟槽,并使上液晶盒和下液晶盒的摩擦方向相互平行或垂直;
3)在5.0s~5.5s时间内,在2个液晶盒的上玻璃基板表面喷直径范围5.5μm~6.0μm的衬垫料,使衬垫料以密度为每平方毫米40个~100个均匀分布;涂边框胶并留液晶灌注口;使用环氧树脂胶作为黏合剂,精确贴合上玻璃基板与下玻璃基板,形成上液晶盒和下液晶盒,液晶盒的厚度由衬垫料的大小决定,衬垫料的周围填充液晶;液晶盒的光程差控制在Δnd=450~550nm之间,其大小为液晶分子的折射率各向异性Δn与液晶盒盒厚d的乘积;
4)上液晶盒与下液晶盒之间印刷黑色粘性油墨,厚度为8~12um;
5)在上液晶盒的上玻璃基板表面、下液晶盒的下玻璃基板表面分别贴合偏振度大于99%的高偏振度偏光片。
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