CN105316535A - Copper-containing ferro-aluminum alloy wire and fabrication method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a copper-containing ferro-aluminum alloy wire and a fabrication method thereof. The copper-containing ferro-aluminum alloy wire is composed of the following components of 0.03%-0.08% of silicon, 0.3%-0.8% of iron, 0.15%-1.5% of copper, 0.001%-0.1% of zinc, 0.01%-0.05% of boron, 0.01%-0.04% of mixed elements, 0.001%-0.03% of magnesium, 97.4%-99.5% of aluminum and other impurities, the total content of other impurities is at most 0.10%, and the content of single impurity is at most 0.03%. The mixed elements include manganese, vanadium, chromium and titanium. The fabrication method includes the following steps of (1) a burdening process, (2) an oven baking process, (3) a melting process, (4) a refining process, (5) a casting process, (6) a continuous rolling process, (7) a wire drawing process and (8) an annealing process. Small burning loss and mechanical properties in the ferro-aluminum alloy wire production process are guaranteed. The fabrication method is simple and fast, the product cost is moderate, the product quality is stable, and the type of products can be continuously and stably provided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ferro-aluminium silk and manufacture method thereof, specifically a kind of ferro-aluminium silk and manufacture method thereof containing copper.
Background technology
Along with the development of the communications industry, demand and the usage quantity of cable are increasing, and the performance and used life of cable itself decides quality and the stability of communication.At the beginning of the eighties, in China, aluminum conductor cable consumption increases sharply, and even the building cable of small dimension also adopts aluminium conductor.Because aluminium cost is low, source is wide, and the aluminium cable manufactured with fine aluminium uses extensively.Due to fine aluminium conductor creep and switching performance poor, easily occur in joint oxidation and loosen, cause the accident such as fire, power failure.Fine aluminium cable fault rate is 50 times of copper core cable according to statistics.After the nineties, the usage quantity of aluminium cable reduces gradually, and except the Northwest is also except use aluminium cable, developed regions do not adopt aluminium cable substantially, all adopt copper core cable.Copper core cable security and overload capacity are all stronger, use stable, but copper core cable price is high, bring economical load to enterprise and client.China Copper scarcity of resources, cable industry copper more than 65% dependence on import.Ferro-aluminium silk changes the shortcoming of existing fine aluminium silk, and substitute copper wire and be used for wires and cables industry, being widely used, is the development trend that wires and cables industry is new.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of the ferro-aluminium silk and the manufacture method thereof that contain copper, to make up the deficiency of aluminium wire, improve the tensile strength, elongation at break, resistance to bending performance, creep property, corrosion resistance nature etc. of monofilament, the reliability of cable junction under high temperature and overload situations can be ensured, can secure replacement copper wire.
Technical problem to be solved by this invention realizes by the following technical solutions:
A ferro-aluminium silk containing copper, comprises following component:
Silicon: 0.03% ~ 0.08%;
Iron: 0.3% ~ 0.8%;
Copper: 0.15% ~ 1.5%;
Zinc: 0.001% ~ 0.1%;
Boron: 0.01% ~ 0.05%;
Complex element: 0.01% ~ 0.04%;
Magnesium: 0.001% ~ 0.03%;
Aluminium: 97.4% ~ 99.5%;
All the other impurity summations are no more than 0.10%, and single impurity is no more than 0.03%.
Described complex element comprises manganese, vanadium, chromium and titanium.
The content of described complex element is 0.01% ~ 0.02%.
The total amount of described boron is 0.02% ~ 0.03%, and the resistivity of made B alloy wire is 0.02800 Ω mm
2/ m, the elongation at break 30% ~ 35% of described B alloy wire.
The diameter of wherein made B alloy wire is 1.35mm ~ 4.0mm, and made B alloy wire is through 350 DEG C ~ 390 DEG C annealing, and after 3 ~ 5 hours, tensile strength is 100 ~ 120N/mm
2.
The total amount of described iron is 0.45% ~ 0.55%.
The total amount of described copper is 0.5% ~ 0.7%.
The total amount of described aluminium is 98.0% ~ 99.0%.
The resistivity of the described B alloy wire that the present invention makes is not more than 0.02800 Ω mm
2/ m, the tensile strength 100 ~ 160N/mm of described B alloy wire
2, the elongation at break 25% ~ 35% of described B alloy wire.Described B alloy wire is in 74% yield strength, and 70 DEG C, under 100h, creep compliance is no more than 0.09mm.
A manufacture method for ferro-aluminium silk containing copper, comprises the following steps:
(1) burden process: assort various types of materials according to component concentration;
(2) baker operation: before producing, furnace outage time is no more than 12 hours, smelting furnace baking time is 10 minutes, if furnace outage time was more than 20 hours, answer baker 15 minutes, for guaranteeing fusing and preventing the too high aluminium scaling loss that causes of furnace temperature excessive, easily cause again aluminium water overheated, fire box temperature controls at 1100 DEG C ~ 1200 DEG C;
(3) melting process: when molten in-furnace temperature reaches 1100 DEG C ~ 1200 DEG C, under maintaining little condition of a fire condition, rapidly aluminium ingot, X alloy and ferro-aluminium ingot are added smelting furnace, during normal melt, flame is orange, keep micro-reductibility in stove, reduce scaling loss, after aluminium aqueous fusion, note water outlet working order, aluminium water temp controls at 720 DEG C ~ 740 DEG C;
(4) refining procedure: aluminium water proceeds in holding furnace process, the half reaching stove high when aluminium water height in holding furnace adds boron Al alloy block, aluminium water enters in holding furnace process, in control stove, aluminium water temp is between 730 DEG C ~ 750 DEG C, must not exceed 760 DEG C, in melting process, aluminium liquid is inevitably polluted, as oxidation, air-breathing, be mixed into impurity etc., these are all the basic reasons causing rod of metal alloy mechanical property and electrical property to degenerate, therefore after in holding furnace, aluminium water is filled, add refining agent and carry out refining, refining agent should be added to the every nook and cranny of aluminium liquid, the not mixed effect of smelting furnace fusing simultaneously, particularly ferro-aluminium and boron aluminium alloy can not be dispersed in aluminium liquid, therefore electromagnetic mixing apparatus is adopted to carry out stirring for 20 ~ 40 minutes in refining process, make its uniform composition, after refining terminates, molten for aluminium surface scum is clawed, skimming must be clean, do not allow residual.Skim after end-of-job, aluminium liquid leaves standstill 20 ~ 40 minutes, carries out stokehold chemical composition analysis, after meeting component requirements, can put aluminium water and water casting bar;
(5) casting operation: the temperature controlling heat preserving furnace aluminum water before casting, when ensureing to cast, temperature of aluminum liquid is between 690 DEG C ~ 720 DEG C, ensures that alloy bar leaves crystallizing wheel temperature between 480 DEG C ~ 520 DEG C after casting;
(6) continuous rolling operation: the breaking down temperature that alloy bar enters milling train controls more than 480 DEG C, the temperature of cooling-lubricant controls between 30 DEG C ~ 50 DEG C, pressure remains on 0.1 ~ 0.3MPa, under normal circumstances, keep finishing temperature between 300 DEG C ~ 330 DEG C, draw requirement to ensure that the mechanical property of aluminium alloy rod meets;
(7) wire-drawing process: after mill product ferro-aluminium bar deposits 24 hours, can enter wire-drawing process, can lubrication fully when wire-drawing process should ensure per pass mould, ensures finished silk shiny appearance;
(8) annealing operation: by the final alloy silk drawn, put into annealing furnace, at 360 DEG C ~ 390 DEG C temperature, is incubated 3 ~ 5 hours.
Described refining agent is by sodium-chlor, Repone K, sodium aluminum fluoride by 30: 40: 30 compositions of proportions, and refining agent usage quantity is 0.3% ~ 0.5% of the molten weight of aluminium.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Ferro-aluminium silk of the present invention adding due to ferro element, the tensile strength after B alloy wire annealing and elongation at break significantly improve, and the creep property of B alloy wire is basic suitable with copper wire.When being applied to cable conductor, cable has better bending property and connection reliability energy, improves the stability in cable use.Iron level can ensure mechanical property and the electrical property of B alloy wire in 0.3% ~ 0.8% scope, and content is too low does not have strengthening effect, and content is too high, and the resistivity of B alloy wire is bigger than normal, affects economic performance.
Ferro-aluminium silk of the present invention adding due to copper, copper is added in aluminium body, plays solution strengthening effect, can improve the stability under high temperature simultaneously.Copper content can ensure mechanical property and the electrical property of B alloy wire in 0.15% ~ 1.5% scope.
Silicone content controls 0.03% ~ 0.08% by the present invention, when silicone content is more than 0.9% the resistivity of involutory spun gold and mechanical impact larger, need to carry out RE-treated, to improve alloy structure, increase material cost simultaneously.
Boron adds in aluminium by the present invention, and can play in the casting stage increases nuclei of crystallization effect, prevents because the nuclei of crystallization reduce, and causes coarse grains.Boron can reduce vanadium, manganese, titanium, chromium four kinds of trace impurities to the impact of resistivity in aluminium, if these four kinds of micronutrient levels sums are greater than 0.01%, resistivity can exceed standard, when four kinds of element sums are greater than 0.04%, even if it is also not obvious to add hydroboration, four kinds of constituent contents are larger, and the boron that need add is more.Facts have proved adding of boron, the resistivity of B alloy wire can reduce by 0.7%.
Vanadium, manganese, titanium, chromium four kinds of trace impurity content control in 0.04% scope by the present invention, ensure the effect of borax treatment, can reach economic and practical again.
The present invention's aluminium ingot used is industrial AL99.70 fine aluminium ingot, and in B alloy wire, aluminium content controls 97.4% ~ 99.5%, ensures that the resistivity of B alloy wire is not higher than 0.02800 Ω mm
2/ m, can ensure that again mechanical property reaches requirement.
On the other hand, the method preparing ferro-aluminium silk provided by the invention, by the control adding opportunity to each process temperature and the control of time and alloy material in melting process, refining procedure, casting operation, continuous rolling operation, annealing operation, to ensure that in ferro-aluminium silk production process the few and mechanical property of scaling loss.Manufacturing process provided by the invention is simple and direct, and product cost is moderate, constant product quality, can continous-stable this series products is provided.
Embodiment
The technique means realized to make the present invention, creation characteristic, reaching object and effect is easy to understand, below the present invention being set forth further.
Embodiment one: a kind of ferro-aluminium silk containing copper, comprises following component:
Silicon: 0.08%;
Iron: 0.55%;
Copper: 0.6%;
Zinc: 0.002%;
Boron: 0.025%;
Complex element: 0.015%;
Magnesium: 0.001%;
All the other are aluminium.
Described complex element comprises manganese, vanadium, chromium and titanium.
A manufacture method for ferro-aluminium silk containing copper, comprises the following steps:
(1) burden process: assort various types of materials according to component concentration;
(2) baker operation: before producing, furnace outage time is no more than 12 hours, and smelting furnace baking time is 10 minutes, and fire box temperature controls at 1100 DEG C;
(3) melting process: when molten in-furnace temperature reaches 1100 DEG C, under maintaining little condition of a fire condition, rapidly aluminium ingot, X alloy and ferro-aluminium ingot are added smelting furnace, during normal melt, flame is orange, keep micro-reductibility in stove, reduce scaling loss, after aluminium aqueous fusion, note water outlet working order, aluminium water temp controls at 720 DEG C;
(4) refining procedure: aluminium water proceeds in holding furnace process, the half reaching stove high when aluminium water height in holding furnace adds boron Al alloy block, aluminium water enters in holding furnace process, in control stove, aluminium water temp is between 740 DEG C, after in holding furnace, aluminium water is filled, add refining agent and carry out refining, refining agent should be added to the every nook and cranny of aluminium liquid, electromagnetic mixing apparatus is adopted to carry out stirring for 20 minutes in refining process, make its uniform composition, after refining terminates, molten for aluminium surface scum is clawed, skim after end-of-job, aluminium liquid leaves standstill 40 minutes, carry out stokehold chemical composition analysis, after meeting component requirements, aluminium water can be put and water casting bar,
(5) casting operation: the temperature controlling heat preserving furnace aluminum water before casting, when ensureing to cast, temperature of aluminum liquid is at 710 DEG C, ensures that alloy bar leaves crystallizing wheel temperature between 510 DEG C after casting;
(6) continuous rolling operation: the breaking down temperature that alloy bar enters milling train controls at 485 DEG C, and the temperature of cooling-lubricant controls at 30 DEG C, and pressure remains on 0.1MPa, under normal circumstances, keeps finishing temperature at 300 DEG C;
(7) wire-drawing process: after mill product ferro-aluminium bar deposits 24 hours, can enter wire-drawing process, can lubrication fully when wire-drawing process should ensure per pass mould, ensures finished silk shiny appearance;
(8) annealing operation: by the final alloy silk drawn, put into annealing furnace, at 390 DEG C of temperature, is incubated 4 hours.
Described refining agent is by sodium-chlor, Repone K, sodium aluminum fluoride by 30: 40: 30 compositions of proportions, and refining agent usage quantity is 0.3% of the molten weight of aluminium.
Embodiment two: a kind of ferro-aluminium silk containing copper, comprises following component:
Silicon: 0.06%;
Iron: 0.4%;
Copper: 0.7%;
Zinc: 0.001%;
Boron: 0.03%;
Complex element: 0.02%;
Magnesium: 0.001%;
All the other are aluminium.
Described complex element comprises manganese, vanadium, chromium and titanium.
A manufacture method for ferro-aluminium silk containing copper, comprises the following steps:
(1) burden process: assort various types of materials according to component concentration;
(2) baker operation: smelting furnace baking time is 15 minutes, fire box temperature controls at 1100 DEG C ~ 1200 DEG C;
(3) melting process: when molten in-furnace temperature reaches 1200 DEG C;
(4) refining procedure: aluminium water proceeds in holding furnace process, the half reaching stove high when aluminium water height in holding furnace adds boron Al alloy block, aluminium water enters in holding furnace process, in control stove, aluminium water temp is at 750 DEG C, after in holding furnace, aluminium water is filled, add refining agent and carry out refining, refining agent should be added to the every nook and cranny of aluminium liquid, electromagnetic mixing apparatus is adopted to carry out stirring for 30 minutes in refining process, make its uniform composition, after refining terminates, molten for aluminium surface scum is clawed, skim after end-of-job, aluminium liquid leaves standstill 35 minutes, carry out stokehold chemical composition analysis, after meeting component requirements, aluminium water can be put and water casting bar,
(5) casting operation: the temperature controlling heat preserving furnace aluminum water before casting, when ensureing to cast, temperature of aluminum liquid is at 715 DEG C, ensures that alloy bar leaves crystallizing wheel temperature at 505 DEG C after casting;
(6) continuous rolling operation: the breaking down temperature that alloy bar enters milling train controls at 480 DEG C, and the temperature of cooling-lubricant controls at 50 DEG C, and pressure remains on 0.3MPa, under normal circumstances, keeps finishing temperature at 300 DEG C;
(7) wire-drawing process: after mill product ferro-aluminium bar deposits 24 hours, can enter wire-drawing process, can lubrication fully when wire-drawing process should ensure per pass mould, ensures finished silk shiny appearance;
(8) annealing operation: by the final alloy silk drawn, put into annealing furnace, at 380 DEG C of temperature, is incubated 5 hours.
Described refining agent is by sodium-chlor, Repone K, sodium aluminum fluoride by 30: 40: 30 compositions of proportions, and refining agent usage quantity is 0.5% of the molten weight of aluminium.
Embodiment three: a kind of ferro-aluminium silk containing copper, comprises following component:
Silicon: 0.03%;
Iron: 0.8%;
Copper: 1.5%;
Zinc: 0.1%;
Boron: 0.05%;
Complex element: 0.035%;
Magnesium: 0.03%;
All the other are aluminium.
A manufacture method for ferro-aluminium silk containing copper, comprises the following steps:
(1) burden process: assort various types of materials according to component concentration;
(2) baker operation: smelting furnace baking time is 10 minutes, fire box temperature controls at 1150 DEG C;
(3) melting process: when molten in-furnace temperature reaches 1100 DEG C, under maintaining little condition of a fire condition, rapidly aluminium ingot, X alloy and ferro-aluminium ingot are added smelting furnace, during normal melt, flame is orange, keep micro-reductibility in stove, reduce scaling loss, after aluminium aqueous fusion, note water outlet working order, aluminium water temp controls at 740 DEG C;
(4) refining procedure: aluminium water proceeds in holding furnace process, the half reaching stove high when aluminium water height in holding furnace adds boron Al alloy block, aluminium water enters in holding furnace process, in control stove, aluminium water temp is at 740 DEG C, after in holding furnace, aluminium water is filled, add refining agent and carry out refining, refining agent should be added to the every nook and cranny of aluminium liquid, electromagnetic mixing apparatus is adopted to carry out stirring for 40 minutes in refining process, make its uniform composition, after refining terminates, molten for aluminium surface scum is clawed, skim after end-of-job, aluminium liquid leaves standstill 20 minutes, carry out stokehold chemical composition analysis, after meeting component requirements, aluminium water can be put and water casting bar,
(5) casting operation: the temperature controlling heat preserving furnace aluminum water before casting, when ensureing to cast, temperature of aluminum liquid is at 690 DEG C, ensures that alloy bar leaves crystallizing wheel temperature at 520 DEG C after casting;
(6) continuous rolling operation: the breaking down temperature that alloy bar enters milling train controls at 500 DEG C, and the temperature of cooling-lubricant controls at 30 DEG C, and pressure remains on 0.3MPa, under normal circumstances, keeps finishing temperature at 330 DEG C;
(7) wire-drawing process: after mill product ferro-aluminium bar deposits 24 hours, can enter wire-drawing process, can lubrication fully when wire-drawing process should ensure per pass mould, ensures finished silk shiny appearance;
(8) annealing operation: by the final alloy silk drawn, put into annealing furnace, at 380 DEG C of temperature, is incubated 4 hours.
Described refining agent is by sodium-chlor, Repone K, sodium aluminum fluoride by 30: 40: 30 compositions of proportions, and refining agent usage quantity is 0.4% of the molten weight of aluminium.
More than show and describe ultimate principle of the present invention, principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technician of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; the just principle of the present invention described in above-described embodiment and specification sheets; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.Application claims protection domain is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (9)
1. the ferro-aluminium silk containing copper, is characterized in that: comprise following component:
Silicon: 0.03% ~ 0.08%;
Iron: 0.3% ~ 0.8%;
Copper: 0.15% ~ 1.5%;
Zinc: 0.001% ~ 0.1%;
Boron: 0.01% ~ 0.05%;
Complex element: 0.01% ~ 0.04%;
Magnesium: 0.001% ~ 0.03%;
Aluminium: 97.4% ~ 99.5%;
All the other impurity summations are no more than 0.10%, and single impurity is no more than 0.03%.
2. a kind of ferro-aluminium silk containing copper according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described complex element comprises manganese, vanadium, chromium and titanium.
3. a kind of ferro-aluminium silk containing copper according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the content of described complex element is 0.01% ~ 0.02%.
4. a kind of ferro-aluminium silk containing copper according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the total amount of described boron is 0.02% ~ 0.03%.
5. a kind of ferro-aluminium silk containing copper according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the total amount of described iron is 0.45% ~ 0.55%.
6. a kind of ferro-aluminium silk containing copper according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the total amount of described copper is 0.5% ~ 0.7%.
7. a kind of ferro-aluminium silk containing copper according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the total amount of described aluminium is 98.0% ~ 99.0%.
8. the manufacture method of a kind of ferro-aluminium silk containing copper according to any one of claim 1 to 7, is characterized in that: described manufacture method comprises the following steps:
(1) burden process: assort various types of materials according to component concentration;
(2) baker operation: before producing, furnace outage time is no more than 12 hours, and smelting furnace baking time is 10 minutes, if furnace outage time was more than 20 hours, answers baker 15 minutes, and fire box temperature controls at 1100 DEG C ~ 1200 DEG C;
(3) melting process: when molten in-furnace temperature reaches 1100 DEG C ~ 1200 DEG C, under maintaining little condition of a fire condition, rapidly aluminium ingot, X alloy and ferro-aluminium ingot are added smelting furnace, during normal melt, flame is orange, keep micro-reductibility in stove, reduce scaling loss, after aluminium aqueous fusion, note water outlet working order, aluminium water temp controls at 720 DEG C ~ 740 DEG C;
(4) refining procedure: aluminium water proceeds in holding furnace process, the half reaching stove high when aluminium water height in holding furnace adds boron Al alloy block, aluminium water enters in holding furnace process, in control stove, aluminium water temp is between 730 DEG C ~ 750 DEG C, after in holding furnace, aluminium water is filled, add refining agent and carry out refining, refining agent should be added to the every nook and cranny of aluminium liquid, electromagnetic mixing apparatus is adopted to carry out stirring for 20 ~ 40 minutes in refining process, make its uniform composition, after refining terminates, molten for aluminium surface scum is clawed, skim after end-of-job, aluminium liquid leaves standstill 20 ~ 40 minutes, carry out stokehold chemical composition analysis, after meeting component requirements, aluminium water can be put and water casting bar,
(5) casting operation: the temperature controlling heat preserving furnace aluminum water before casting, when ensureing to cast, temperature of aluminum liquid is between 690 DEG C ~ 720 DEG C, ensures that alloy bar leaves crystallizing wheel temperature between 480 DEG C ~ 520 DEG C after casting;
(6) continuous rolling operation: the breaking down temperature that alloy bar enters milling train controls more than 480 DEG C, the temperature of cooling-lubricant controls between 30 DEG C ~ 50 DEG C, pressure remains on 0.1 ~ 0.3MPa, under normal circumstances, keeps finishing temperature between 300 DEG C ~ 330 DEG C;
(7) wire-drawing process: after mill product ferro-aluminium bar deposits 24 hours, can enter wire-drawing process, can lubrication fully when wire-drawing process should ensure per pass mould, ensures finished silk shiny appearance;
(8) annealing operation: by the final alloy silk drawn, put into annealing furnace, at 360 DEG C ~ 390 DEG C temperature, is incubated 3 ~ 5 hours.
9. the manufacture method of a kind of ferro-aluminium silk containing copper according to claim 8, is characterized in that: described refining agent is by sodium-chlor, Repone K, sodium aluminum fluoride by 30: 40: 30 compositions of proportions, and refining agent usage quantity is 0.3% ~ 0.5% of the molten weight of aluminium.
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| CN111636018A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-09-08 | 福建祥鑫股份有限公司 | High-thermal-conductivity aluminum alloy and casting method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20160210 |