CN104831116A - Environment-friendly easy-cutting hot-cracking-resistant selenium-bismuth brass material and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Environment-friendly easy-cutting hot-cracking-resistant selenium-bismuth brass material and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104831116A CN104831116A CN201510248820.7A CN201510248820A CN104831116A CN 104831116 A CN104831116 A CN 104831116A CN 201510248820 A CN201510248820 A CN 201510248820A CN 104831116 A CN104831116 A CN 104831116A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an environment-friendly easy-cutting hot-cracking-resistant selenium-bismuth brass material and a preparation process thereof. The environment-friendly easy-cutting hot-cracking-resistant selenium-bismuth brass material is characterized in that the selenium-bismuth brass alloy material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 58-61% of Cu, 1.6-2.2% of Bi, 0.1-0.15% of Sn, 0.1-0.65% of Se and the balance of zinc and inevitable impurities. The alloy material with a required specification is prepared by preparing materials, batching materials, smelting materials, casting materials, and performing cold-hot processing on materials, has tensile strength of sigma b 360-550 MPa, hardness HRB of 65-75, ductility of sigma 13-30%, is excellent in high-temperature hot-cracking performance, and can be used for replacing lead brass to manufacture various structural parts by hot stamping and cutting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of environment-protective free-cutting thermal crack resistant selenium Bi brass material and preparation technology thereof, belong to metal alloy compositions technical field.
Background technology
Leaded brass has good cutting ability and good hot and cold processing characteristics, is widely used in the fields such as water heating bathroom, electronic apparatus, horological instruments.But the easy stripping of lead in brass, to human body and environment, all there is larger harm.
At present, domestic also do not have a kind of brass can substitute leaded brass comprehensively, and the field substituting leaded brass is very limited.Bismuth is in adjacent position with plumbous in the periodic table of elements, and its physics and chemistry character exists a lot of similarity, at present to the most study of bismuth generation plumbous lead-free reflow.Make a general survey of the various researchs of domestic and international experts and scholars to Bi brass, the problem such as have that Addition ofelements kind many (Sn, Fe, Sb, Ni, Al, Si, Se, Te, P, La, Ce), add-on are comparatively large, raw materials cost is high and industrial applications is difficult.
Chinese Patent Application No. be the patent disclosure of 201310205084.8 a kind of " device of tin Bi brass and production technique and production tin Bi brass ", in this invention in Bi brass tin add the cutting ability that effectively can adjust this brass material, but its volume is 0.10-0.6%.But because Sn fusing point is low, when its volume is too high, easily produce segregation, make material monolithic degradation.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem of solution required for the present invention is:
In order to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of environment-protective free-cutting thermal crack resistant selenium Bi brass material.Be characterized in taking industrial pure copper as matrix, add appropriate Bi, Sn and Se, prepare polynary copper alloy material, improve the phenomenon that traditional bismuth-brass alloy material cost is higher, easily occur founding cracking and annealing fracture, to meet the demand of industry to Cutting free, hot tearing Cu alloy material of good performance.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of environment-protective free-cutting thermal crack resistant selenium Bi brass material preparation process.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the chemical composition of a kind of environment-protective free-cutting thermal crack resistant selenium Bi brass material of the present invention is Cu:58 ~ 61 by weight percentage, Bi:1.6 ~ 2.2, Sn:0.1 ~ 0.15, Se:0.1 ~ 0.65, surplus is zinc and inevitable impurity.Its content test method is with reference to YS/T668-2008 standard.
Above-mentioned a kind of environment-protective free-cutting thermal crack resistant selenium Bi brass material preparation process is made up of following steps:
(1) melting
Purity is that 99.99 % electrolytic coppers add in smelting furnace; under the protection of crystalline graphite powder as insulating covering agent; be warming up to 1150 ~ 1200 DEG C; after electrolytic copper melts completely; add selenium-copper intermediate alloy 0.2 ~ 1.5wt%, insulation 10 ~ 15min, then add high purity tin 0.1 ~ 0.15wt% and high purity bismuth 1.6 ~ 2.2wt%; adopt induction stirring after tin, bismuth melt completely, stir molten bath.Adjust temperature is 1060 ~ 1080 DEG C simultaneously, and add electrolytic zinc, intensification is skimmed, and adds phosphor bronze alloy 0.002 ~ 0.05wt% again after 10 ~ 15min, and adjustment temperature is 1020 ~ 1050 DEG C, carries out water-cooled continuous casting.
The preparation of above-mentioned selenium-copper intermediate alloy, see Chinese patent ZL201110190457.X " a kind of preparation method of selenium-copper intermediate alloy "; The preparation of CuP14 master alloy, see Chinese patent ZL200810148006.8 " a kind of preparation method of phosphor bronze alloy ".
(2) extrude
By the copper alloy casting ingot of above-mentioned melting, after turning sizing, put into induction furnace, be heated to 650 ~ 850 DEG C, insulation 2 ~ 4min, the ingot casting taken out after heating is inserted in horizontal extruder and is carried out crimp processing, obtains the extrusion billet of all kinds of section bar.
(3) pickling and cold drawn processing
Carry out cold drawn processing by after above-mentioned extrusion billet pickling, according to cold drawn machining state setting working modulus, can be processed into soft state, hard state, half-hard state etc.
(5) annealing and aligning
Be placed in annealing furnace by the section bar after above-mentioned cold drawing deformation, carry out stress relief annealing in temperature 200 ~ 300 DEG C, soaking time controls at 0.5 ~ 1h; Then on equipment for straightening, straightening processing is carried out.
In above-mentioned a kind of environment-protective free-cutting thermal crack resistant selenium Bi brass preparation technology, selenium adds with selenium-copper intermediate alloy form.
In above-mentioned a kind of environment-protective free-cutting thermal crack resistant selenium Bi brass preparation technology, phosphor bronze alloy adds with CuP14 master alloy form.
Above-mentioned a kind of environment-protective free-cutting thermal crack resistant selenium Bi brass material preparation process, material addition sequence is cathode copper → selenium-copper intermediate alloy → high purity tin → high purity bismuth → electrolytic zinc → phosphor bronze alloy.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the present invention adopts selenium element to add with selenium-copper intermediate alloy form, the precipitation morphology and distribution situation of bismuth in brass can be changed, form frangible compounds with elements such as copper, zinc, bismuths and be distributed in crystal boundary and intracrystalline, make bismuth with block or be spherically present in crystal boundary, improve its plasticity and cold and hot working performance, avoid material generation scaling loss, improve the effect of alloy cutting ability simultaneously.
2, the present invention adopts phosphor bronze alloy to add with CuP14, the volatilization of phosphorus when can avoid directly mixing phosphoric, effectively plays the effect of the reductor of phosphorus.
3, selenium-bismuth-brass alloy material performance of the present invention adopts GB/T228.1-2010, GB/T 230.1-2009 to test relevant test method.Under same test condition, compared with the bismuth-brass alloy material that selenium-bismuth-brass alloy material of the present invention and the domestic trade mark are HBi60, also have the following advantages:
(1) its intensity and HBi60 material close, its cutting ability and HPb63-3 are compared with in the of 100%, reach more than 70%.
(2) unit elongation is increased to 13 ~ 30% by 12 ~ 13%, improves more than 50%.
(3) HBi60 alloy material hot bruise within the scope of 650 ~ 800 DEG C is serious, the present invention within the scope of said temperature all without hot bruise.
4, the performance such as alloy material intensity of the present invention, cutting ability, unit elongation adjusts by alloying constituent and technique, to meet different condition demand.
5, add while elemental selenium and Sn, also can reduce the volume of bismuth, products material cost can reduce by 5 ~ 10% compared with HBi60.
Embodiment
By the following examples the present invention is specifically described; what be necessary to herein means out is that the present embodiment is only used to further illustrate the present invention; the restriction to invention protection domain can not be interpreted as, some nonessential improvement and adjustment that the person skilled in the art in this field can make according to the content of the invention described above.
Embodiment 1:
The chemical composition of environment-protective free-cutting thermal crack resistant selenium-bismuth-brass alloy material is a Cu:59.39, Bi:2.0, Sn:0.110, Se:0.20 by weight percentage, and surplus is zinc.
Its preparation technology is as follows:
(1) cathode copper 116.6kg is added in smelting furnace; under the protection of crystalline graphite powder as insulating covering agent; be warming up to 1200 DEG C; after electrolytic copper melts completely; add selenium-copper intermediate alloy 1kg, insulation 10min, then add high purity tin 0.25kg and high purity bismuth 4kg; adopt induction stirring after tin, bismuth melt completely, stir molten bath.
Adjust temperature is 1060 ~ 1080 DEG C simultaneously, and add electrolytic zinc 76kg, intensification is skimmed, and adds phosphor bronze alloy 0.4kg again after 10min, and adjustment temperature is 1050 DEG C, carries out water-cooled continuous casting.
The selenium-copper intermediate alloy chemical composition adopted in above-mentioned technique is Se:46.5% by weight percentage, and surplus is Cu, and selenium-copper intermediate alloy preparation method is see Chinese patent ZL201110190457.X " a kind of preparation method of selenium-copper intermediate alloy ".
Above-mentioned phosphor bronze alloy chemical composition is P:9.6%, Fe0.006%, Si0.04% by weight percentage, and surplus is the preparation method of Cu, CuP14 master alloy, see Chinese patent ZL200810148006.8 " a kind of preparation method of phosphor bronze alloy ".
(2) by the copper alloy casting ingot of above-mentioned melting, after turning sizing, put into induction furnace, be heated to 650 DEG C, insulation 4min, takes out the ingot casting after heating.
(3) cold drawn processing is carried out after above-mentioned extrusion billet being adopted sulfuric acid washing.
(4) be placed in annealing furnace by the section bar after above-mentioned cold drawing deformation, carry out stress relief annealing in temperature 200 DEG C, soaking time controls at 0.5h; Then on equipment for straightening, carry out straightening processing, be processed into Φ 11mm bar.
(5) performance test is carried out to Φ 11mm bar: tensile strength 474MPa, unit elongation 16%, Rockwell hardness 72HRB, cutting ability 73%.Wherein cutting ability and HPb63-3(100%) compared with.
Embodiment 2:
The chemical composition of environment-protective free-cutting thermal crack resistant selenium-bismuth-brass alloy material is a Cu:59.58, Bi:1.95, Sn:0.114, Se:0.34 by weight percentage, and surplus is zinc.
Its preparation technology is as follows:
(1) cathode copper 116.5kg is added in smelting furnace; under the protection of crystalline graphite powder as insulating covering agent; be warming up to 1150 DEG C; after electrolytic copper melts completely; add selenium-copper intermediate alloy 1.7kg, insulation 13min, then add high purity tin 0.25kg and high purity bismuth 4kg; adopt induction stirring after tin, bismuth melt completely, stir molten bath.
Adjust temperature is 1070 DEG C simultaneously, and add electrolytic zinc 77kg, intensification is skimmed, and adds phosphor bronze alloy 0.4kg again after 12min, and adjustment temperature is 1030 DEG C, carries out water-cooled continuous casting.
The selenium-copper intermediate alloy chemical composition adopted in above-mentioned technique is Se:46.5% by weight percentage, and surplus is Cu, and selenium-copper intermediate alloy preparation method is see Chinese patent ZL201110190457.X " a kind of preparation method of selenium-copper intermediate alloy ".
Above-mentioned phosphor bronze alloy chemical composition is P:9.6%, Fe0.006%, Si0.04% by weight percentage, and surplus is the preparation method of Cu, CuP14 master alloy, see Chinese patent ZL200810148006.8 " a kind of preparation method of phosphor bronze alloy ".
(2) by the copper alloy casting ingot of above-mentioned melting, after turning sizing, put into induction furnace, be heated to 750 DEG C, insulation 4min, takes out the ingot casting after heating.
(3) cold drawn processing is carried out after above-mentioned extrusion billet being adopted sulfuric acid washing.
(4) be placed in annealing furnace by the section bar after above-mentioned cold drawing deformation, carry out stress relief annealing in temperature 250 DEG C, soaking time controls at 0.75h; Then on equipment for straightening, carry out straightening processing, be processed into Φ 11mm bar.
(5) performance test is carried out to Φ 11mm bar: tensile strength 484MPa, unit elongation 17%, Rockwell hardness 74HRB, cutting ability 72%.Wherein cutting ability and HPb63-3(100%) compared with.
Embodiment 3:
The chemical composition of environment-protective free-cutting thermal crack resistant selenium-bismuth-brass alloy material is a Cu:60.18, Bi:1.93, Sn:0.117, Se:0.59 by weight percentage, and surplus is zinc.
Its preparation technology is as follows:
(1) cathode copper 117.3kg is added in smelting furnace; under the protection of crystalline graphite powder as insulating covering agent; be warming up to 1150 DEG C; after electrolytic copper melts completely; add selenium-copper intermediate alloy 3kg, insulation 15min, then add high purity tin 0.25kg and high purity bismuth 4kg; adopt induction stirring after tin, bismuth melt completely, stir molten bath.
Adjust temperature is 1070 DEG C simultaneously, and add electrolytic zinc 76kg, intensification is skimmed, and adds phosphor bronze alloy 0.4kg again after 15min, and adjustment temperature is 1040 DEG C, carries out water-cooled continuous casting.
The selenium-copper intermediate alloy chemical composition adopted in above-mentioned technique is Se:46.5% by weight percentage, and surplus is Cu, and selenium-copper intermediate alloy preparation method is see Chinese patent ZL201110190457.X " a kind of preparation method of selenium-copper intermediate alloy ".
Above-mentioned phosphor bronze alloy chemical composition is P:9.6%, Fe0.006%, Si0.04% by weight percentage, and surplus is the preparation method of Cu, CuP14 master alloy, see Chinese patent ZL200810148006.8 " a kind of preparation method of phosphor bronze alloy ".
(2) by the copper alloy casting ingot of above-mentioned melting, after turning sizing, put into induction furnace, be heated to 850 DEG C, insulation 4min, takes out the ingot casting after heating.
(3) cold drawn processing is carried out after above-mentioned extrusion billet being adopted sulfuric acid washing.
(4) be placed in annealing furnace by the section bar after above-mentioned cold drawing deformation, carry out stress relief annealing in temperature 300 DEG C, soaking time controls at 1h; Then on equipment for straightening, carry out straightening processing, be processed into Φ 11mm bar.
(5) performance test is carried out to Φ 11mm bar: tensile strength 463MPa, unit elongation 18%, Rockwell hardness 70HRB, cutting ability 74%.Wherein cutting ability and HPb63-3(100%) compared with.
The various embodiments described above show, no matter from single performance, or in over-all properties, a kind of environment-protective free-cutting thermal crack resistant selenium Bi brass material of the present invention is obviously better than the bismuth-brass alloy material that the domestic trade mark is HBi60.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that under the prerequisite not departing from the technology of the present invention principle, can make some improvement, and these improvement also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. an environment-protective free-cutting thermal crack resistant selenium Bi brass material and preparation technology thereof, be characterized in that the chemical composition of this selenium-bismuth-brass alloy material is by weight percentage: Cu:58 ~ 61, Bi:1.6 ~ 2.2, Sn:0.1 ~ 0.15, Se:0.1 ~ 0.65, surplus is zinc and inevitable impurity.
2. a kind of environment-protective free-cutting thermal crack resistant selenium Bi brass material as claimed in claim 1 and preparation technology thereof, is characterized in that this technique comprises following steps:
(1) melting
Purity is that 99.99 % electrolytic coppers add in smelting furnace, under the protection of crystalline graphite powder as insulating covering agent, be warming up to 1150 ~ 1200 DEG C, after electrolytic copper melts completely, add selenium-copper intermediate alloy 0.2 ~ 1.5wt%, insulation 10 ~ 15min, add high purity tin 0.1 ~ 0.15wt% and high purity bismuth 1.6 ~ 2.2wt% again, tin, induction stirring is adopted after bismuth melts completely, stir molten bath, adjust temperature is 1060 ~ 1080 DEG C simultaneously, add electrolytic zinc, intensification is skimmed, phosphor bronze alloy 0.002 ~ 0.05wt% is added again after 10 ~ 15min, adjustment temperature is 1020 ~ 1050 DEG C, carry out water-cooled continuous casting,
(2) extrude
By the copper alloy casting ingot of above-mentioned melting, after turning sizing, put into induction furnace, be heated to 650 ~ 850 DEG C, insulation 2 ~ 4min, the ingot casting taken out after heating is inserted in horizontal extruder and is carried out crimp processing, obtains the extrusion billet of all kinds of section bar;
(3) pickling and cold drawn processing
Carry out cold drawn processing by after above-mentioned extrusion billet pickling, working modulus can be set by the cold drawn machining state specified by client, soft state, hard state, half-hard state etc. can be processed into;
(5) annealing and aligning
Be placed in annealing furnace by the section bar after above-mentioned cold drawing deformation, carry out stress relief annealing in temperature 200 ~ 300 DEG C, soaking time controls at 0.5 ~ 1h; Then on equipment for straightening, straightening processing is carried out.
3. a kind of environment-protective free-cutting thermal crack resistant selenium Bi brass preparation technology as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that described selenium adds with selenium-copper intermediate alloy form.
4. a kind of environment-protective free-cutting thermal crack resistant selenium Bi brass preparation technology as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that described phosphor bronze alloy adds with CuP14 master alloy form.
5. a kind of environment-protective free-cutting thermal crack resistant selenium Bi brass material as claimed in claim 2, material addition sequence is cathode copper → selenium-copper intermediate alloy → high purity tin → high purity bismuth → electrolytic zinc → phosphor bronze alloy.
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| CN107838432A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-03-27 | 成都理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of copper selenium intermediate alloy |
| CN110055439A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2019-07-26 | 扬州好管家科技信息咨询有限公司 | Electronic component manufacture high-ductility thermal crack resistant brass alloys and its preparation process |
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Effective date of registration: 20190724 Address after: 610400 No. 1 Jinle Road, Chengdu-Aba Industrial Development Zone, Huaikou Town, Jintang County, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province Patentee after: Sichuan Zhonglan New Material Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 610404 No. 1 Jinle Road, Chenga Industrial Park, Jintang County, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province Patentee before: Sichuan Xinju Mineral Industry Resource Development Co., Ltd. |