CN105314633A - Preparation method of activated carbon - Google Patents
Preparation method of activated carbon Download PDFInfo
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- CN105314633A CN105314633A CN201510769478.5A CN201510769478A CN105314633A CN 105314633 A CN105314633 A CN 105314633A CN 201510769478 A CN201510769478 A CN 201510769478A CN 105314633 A CN105314633 A CN 105314633A
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- charcoal
- gac
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- stalk
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/78—Recycling of wood or furniture waste
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Abstract
A preparation method of activated carbon relates to activated carbon, and comprises the following steps: 1) cleaning crop stalks, airing the cleaned crop stalks, shearing the dried crop stalks into small pieces, drying the small pieces of crop stalks, and putting the dried small pieces of crop stalks into a pulverizer for pulverizing, and sieving; 2) drying crop stalk powder obtained after sieving into a quartz tube, introducing nitrogen into the quartz tube, and heating the quartz tube; 3) when the quartz tube cools down, taking out charcoal, washing the charcoal with ultrapure water, and carrying out filtering and drying; 4) putting the dried charcoal into a plasma reactor, introducing a gas mixture of nitrogen, oxygen and water vapor into the plasma reactor, and discharging electricity to generate plasma capable of activating the dried charcoal, so as to obtain the activated carbon. The preparation method is suitable for all herbaceous plants such as crop stalks, shells and bamboo, and woody plants. Under an oxygen-enriched atmosphere, a great amount of oxygen-containing functional groups can be loaded on the surface of carbon during the plasma activation process, so as to greatly improve the HgO adsorption capacity of the activated carbon. Tests show that the saturated adsorption capacity of the activated carbon obtained by activating the charcoal with plasma is greatly higher than the charcoal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to gac, the preparation method of a kind of gac especially prepared by herbaceous plant or xylophyta.
Background technology
Mercury enjoys countries in the world scholar, attention from government for a long time as a kind of global persistence toxic pollutant.As far back as on March 15th, 2005, Environmental Protection Agency just promulgated uncontaminated air mercury emissions regulation (cleanairmercuryrule, CAMR).According to statistics, the artificial source of mercury mainly combustion of fossil fuel, waste incineration, non-ferrous metal metallurgy etc. in air, wherein, combustion of fossil fuel is topmost mercury pollution artificial source.According to scholar's research, coal will be the topmost primary energy source of China in long-time, and this represents that China is still faced with severe mercury pollution emission problem.
At present, controlling coal-burning power plant mercury pollution, to discharge most proven technique be flue gac spraying technique (activatedcarboninjection, ACI), how to reduce the preparation cost of gac, the adsorption efficiency improving gac is the research emphasis of gac preparation and modification always.By biomass (stalk, shell, the bamboo etc.) charcoal that heat obtains under the condition of starvation, material source is extensive, cheap, in cost, have greater advantages compared with active carbon from coal.But charcoal adsorptive power is more weak, need further activation treatment just can have higher loading capacity.Common commercial activated carbons generally uses coal-based coal, coke, passes through CO
2, O
2, the gas such as water vapour carries out high-temperature activation or uses chemistry for activation, have the weak points such as wastage of material, energy consumption is large, contaminate environment, equipment corrosion are large, the present invention applying plasma-activated technology then can effectively make up above defect.
Plasma body refers to that degree of ionization is greater than 0.1%, and the ionized gas that its positive and negative charge is equal.It is made up of a large amount of electronics, ion, neutral atom, excited atom, photon and free radical etc., in plasma body, averaged electron energy is higher, higher than the ionization energy of most compound molecule, produce various active particle therefore, it is possible to effectively excite, complicated plasma chemical reaction is carried out.Plasma technique is applied to gac reactivation process, can by O under the effect of extra electric field
2ionization produces various oxygen active substance, rolls up activated carbon surface oxygen-containing functional group content, effectively improves the saturated adsorption capacity to mercury.
Chinese patent CN104437369A discloses a kind of method adopting a step activation method preparation to carry iron gac.The steps include: A. with waterplant iris for charcoal processing presoma, pulverizer is sieved into 60 orders after pulverizing; B. the phosphoric acid solution of 40wt% and iron nitrate are pressed certain mass than mixing, the iris of above-mentioned steps A gained is flooded in this mixed solution 12h under room temperature, stir once every 2 ~ 3h, make it mix; C. the iris powder after activation is moved in microwave oven, with certain radiation power heating charing under inflated with nitrogen oxygen barrier condition; D. the particle tap water after charing is neutral to pH, oven dry grinds, and namely obtains carrying iron gac.
Summary of the invention
What the object of the invention is to improve mercury in combustion of fossil fuel and waste incineration stack gas removes level, provides a kind of preparation method of gac.
The present invention includes following steps:
1) stalk cleaned, dry, be cut into small pieces, dry, and dried stalk fritter is put in pulverizer and pulverize, sieve;
2) put silica tube into by after the stalk powder drying obtained after sieving, pass into nitrogen, and heat;
3) after silica tube cooling, charcoal is taken out, with milli-Q water, filtration, drying;
4) charcoal of drying is put into plasma reactor, pass into the mixed gas of nitrogen, oxygen and water vapour, electric discharge produces plasma body and activates charcoal, obtains gac.
In step 1) in, described pulverizing, sieving, is utilize pulverizer to be crushed to 20 ~ 30 orders stalk fritter.
In step 2) in, described heating stalk powder is placed at 700 DEG C programmable type tube furnace to heat 4h.
In step 1), step 2) and step 3) in, described drying stalk fritter or stalk powder is placed on interior 110 DEG C of dryings in loft drier.
In step 4) in, the mixed gas of described nitrogen, oxygen and water vapour, refers to that total gas flow rate is 1L/min; Described electric discharge, refer to that sparking voltage is 6kV, discharge time is 30min.
Compared with existing commercial activated carbons, the outstanding advantages of gac involved in the present invention is:
1, stalk material wide material sources, cheap and easy to get, utilization of waste material, meets environmental protection principle.
2, common gac activation method needs process some hours even one day usually, and plasma-activated needs 30min, saves time greatly, raises the efficiency, save energy.
3, common gac activation method needs to use a large amount of chemical reagent, can produce and pollute, and plasma-activated consumes nitrogen, oxygen and water vapour, does not produce hazardous and noxious substances to environment.
4, the gac obtained by the present invention, compared with general commercial activated carbons, to Hg
0saturated adsorption capacity higher.Through verification experimental verification, commercial activated carbons BPL is to Hg
0saturated adsorption capacity be 81.44 μ g/m
3, and gac involved in the present invention is to Hg
0saturated adsorption capacity be 113.18 μ g/m
3, obviously there is better adsorption effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the adsorption effect testing apparatus schematic diagram of gac of the present invention.In FIG, be respectively labeled as: 1, nitrogengas cylinder; 2,3, mass flow controller; 4, granulated glass sphere; 5, mercury permeation tube; 6, U-shaped silica tube; 7, digital control constant temperature tank; 8, mixing tank; 9, mercury adsorption tube; 10, gac; 11, core base; 12, temperature control box; 13, mercury vapor analyzer; 14, afterbody absorbent charcoal adsorber.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:
1) stalk cleaned, dry, cut the fritter of growing into about 1cm, put into loft drier dry 24h at 110 DEG C, and dried stalk fritter is put in pulverizer pulverize, and sieve with screen cloth, obtain the stalk powder of particle diameter between 20 ~ 30 orders;
2) stalk powder is put into loft drier dry 24h at 110 DEG C, take about 5g stalk powder afterwards, put silica tube into, pass into nitrogen, maintenance nitrogen flow is 0.4 ~ 0.6L/min, after passing into nitrogen 15min, open programmable type tube furnace, at 700 DEG C, heat 4h;
3) after silica tube cooling, charcoal is taken out, with milli-Q water, filtration, drying;
4) charcoal of drying is put into plasma reactor, pass into the mixed gas of nitrogen and oxygen, electric discharge produces plasma body and activates charcoal, obtains gac involved in the present invention.Wherein, the mixed gas of described nitrogen and oxygen, refer to that oxygen concentration is 50%, total gas flow rate is 1L/min; Described electric discharge, refer to that sparking voltage is 6kV, discharge time is 30min.
Below provide the adsorption effect of the gac prepared by the present invention.
With experimental installation inspection gac as shown in Figure 1 to Hg
0adsorption effect, wherein Hg
0entrance concentration is 50 μ g/m
3.
Experimental result:
Gac involved in the present invention is to Hg
0saturated adsorption capacity be 113.18 μ g/m
3.
Commercial activated carbons BPL is to Hg
0saturated adsorption capacity be 81.44 μ g/m
3.
Prove through test, gac involved in the present invention is to Hg
0adsorption effect be better than common commercial gac.
The present invention is applicable to all stalks, herbaceous plant and the xylophytas such as shell class and bamboo.For stalk material.Stalk is cleaned, dries, be cut into bulk, dry.Dried stalk fritter is put into pulverizer pulverize, sieve.Put silica tube into by after the further drying of stalk powder after sieving, pass into nitrogen and heat, making straw charring.After silica tube cooling, take out straw biological charcoal, remove soluble impurity and drying with milli-Q water.The charcoal of drying is loaded plasma reactor, passes into gas, electric discharge produces plasma body and activates charcoal.Plasma activated processes under oxygen enrichment atmosphere at a large amount of oxygen-containing functional group of carbon surface load, can improve gac to Hg greatly
0loading capacity.Test shows, the saturated adsorption capacity of charcoal gac of gained after plasma-activated significantly improves.
Claims (6)
1. a preparation method for gac, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1) stalk cleaned, dry, be cut into small pieces, dry, and dried stalk fritter is put in pulverizer and pulverize, sieve;
2) put silica tube into by after the stalk powder drying obtained after sieving, pass into nitrogen, and heat;
3) after silica tube cooling, charcoal is taken out, with milli-Q water, filtration, drying;
4) charcoal of drying is put into plasma reactor, pass into the mixed gas of nitrogen, oxygen and water vapour, electric discharge produces plasma body and activates charcoal, obtains gac.
2. the preparation method of a kind of gac as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that in step 1) in, described pulverizing, sieving, is utilize pulverizer to be crushed to 20 ~ 30 orders stalk fritter.
3. the preparation method of a kind of gac as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that in step 2) in, described heating stalk powder is placed at 700 DEG C programmable type tube furnace to heat 4h.
4. the preparation method of a kind of gac as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that in step 1), step 2) and step 3) in, described drying stalk fritter or stalk powder is placed on interior 110 DEG C of dryings in loft drier.
5. the preparation method of a kind of gac as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that in step 4) in, the mixed gas of described nitrogen, oxygen and water vapour, refers to that total gas flow rate is 1L/min.
6. the preparation method of a kind of gac as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that in step 4) in, described electric discharge, refer to that sparking voltage is 6kV, discharge time is 30min.
Priority Applications (1)
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510769478.5A CN105314633A (en) | 2015-11-12 | 2015-11-12 | Preparation method of activated carbon |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510769478.5A CN105314633A (en) | 2015-11-12 | 2015-11-12 | Preparation method of activated carbon |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105688832A (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2016-06-22 | 东南大学 | Low-cost preparation method for modified tobacco char mercury-removing adsorbent |
| CN106079012A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-09 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of method utilizing steam dielectric barrier discharge plasma to strengthen agricultural crop straw glue performance |
| CN106113208A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-16 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of method utilizing acrylic monomers dielectric barrier discharge plasma to strengthen agricultural crop straw glue performance |
| CN111889073A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-11-06 | 西南科技大学 | Preparation method of defect-rich molybdenum disulfide-bacterial cellulose heterojunction material for treating radioactive wastewater |
| CN113072057A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-06 | 河海大学 | Bottom mud covering material for eutrophic rivers and lakes and preparation method and use method thereof |
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| CN101723364A (en) * | 2010-01-22 | 2010-06-09 | 浙江大学 | Method for preparing activated carbon by using plasmas to crack solid coal product |
| CN104003387A (en) * | 2014-06-10 | 2014-08-27 | 厦门大学 | Method for preparing active carbon by taking biomass pyrolytic carbon as raw material |
| CN204107515U (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2015-01-21 | 江苏创云环保科技有限公司 | A kind of equipment producing modified activated carbon |
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2015
- 2015-11-12 CN CN201510769478.5A patent/CN105314633A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
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| CN1458966A (en) * | 2000-09-19 | 2003-11-26 | 埃勒凯姆欧洲股份有限公司 | Device and method for converting carbon containing feedstock into carbon containing materials, having defined nanostructure |
| CN101723364A (en) * | 2010-01-22 | 2010-06-09 | 浙江大学 | Method for preparing activated carbon by using plasmas to crack solid coal product |
| CN104003387A (en) * | 2014-06-10 | 2014-08-27 | 厦门大学 | Method for preparing active carbon by taking biomass pyrolytic carbon as raw material |
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Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| HANNAH ROSENQVIST: "Plasma activation of straw biochar and quantification of surface oxygen-containing functional groups", 《9THLINGFENG SUMMER RESEARCH SCHOOL》 * |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105688832A (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2016-06-22 | 东南大学 | Low-cost preparation method for modified tobacco char mercury-removing adsorbent |
| CN106079012A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-09 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of method utilizing steam dielectric barrier discharge plasma to strengthen agricultural crop straw glue performance |
| CN106113208A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-16 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of method utilizing acrylic monomers dielectric barrier discharge plasma to strengthen agricultural crop straw glue performance |
| CN111889073A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-11-06 | 西南科技大学 | Preparation method of defect-rich molybdenum disulfide-bacterial cellulose heterojunction material for treating radioactive wastewater |
| CN113072057A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-06 | 河海大学 | Bottom mud covering material for eutrophic rivers and lakes and preparation method and use method thereof |
| WO2022205982A1 (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2022-10-06 | 河海大学 | Sediment covering material for eutrophicated rivers and lakes, and preparation method and use method therefor |
| CN113072057B (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2022-11-15 | 河海大学 | Bottom mud covering material for eutrophic rivers and lakes and preparation method and use method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20160210 |