CN105305671A - Cylindrical moving iron-type permanent magnet linear generator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a cylindrical moving iron type permanent magnet linear generator, which comprises a permanent magnet stator and a mover. The permanent magnet stator includes a multi-tooth iron core, an armature winding and a permanent magnet. The inner circular surface of the multi-tooth iron core is uniformly equipped with an even number of tooth shoes, and the permanent magnet is fixed on the tooth top of the tooth shoe. The outer circular surface of the mover is evenly distributed with several grooves, and the inner circular surface of the mover is evenly distributed with bosses equal to the number of grooves; each boss and each groove are arranged symmetrically along the radial centerline of the mover , and the radial centerlines of the boss and the groove coincide. The permanent magnet stator is sleeved on the outer periphery of the mover, the axial length of the mover is less than that of the entire permanent magnet stator, and the mover can reciprocate within the axial length range of the permanent magnet stator. After adopting the above structure, the manufacturing process is simple, the thrust fluctuation is small, and the circumferential positioning force is large. In addition, on the premise of not causing power reduction, further weight reduction of the mover can be achieved.

Description

A cylindrical moving iron permanent magnet linear generator

technical field

The invention relates to a generator, which belongs to the technical field of motors, in particular to a cylindrical moving iron permanent magnet linear generator.

Background technique

The cylindrical linear generator is a generator that directly converts the mechanical energy of linear motion into electrical energy, eliminating the need for redundant mechanical transmission mechanisms in the middle, and has high reliability, so it can be widely used in the field of linear motion power generation.

The existing cylindrical linear generator stator core is made of silicon steel sheet lamination in the circumferential direction, soft iron material processing or powder soft magnetic composite material pressing, etc. The armature winding is made into a cake shape and embedded in the stator core slot middle.

There are following deficiencies in the above-mentioned cylindrical linear generator:

1. The manufacturing process is complicated and the cost is high.

2. Due to the cogging effect, the thrust of the motor fluctuates greatly.

3. The mover adopts a moving magnet or moving iron magnetic circuit structure. The moving magnet magnetic circuit has a complex structure and heavy weight; the moving iron magnetic circuit has a simple structure and is slightly lighter in weight than the moving magnet, but still heavier, and has a small circumferential positioning force.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a cylindrical moving iron permanent magnet linear generator for the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art. Small, large circumferential positioning force.

In addition, the present application also provides a cylindrical moving iron permanent magnet linear generator, which can further reduce the weight of the mover without reducing the power.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

A cylindrical moving iron type permanent magnet linear generator comprises a permanent magnet stator and a mover.

The permanent magnet stator includes a multi-tooth iron core, an armature winding and a permanent magnet. The multi-tooth iron core is in the shape of a ring, and the inner circular surface of the multi-tooth iron core is evenly distributed with an even number of tooth shoes along the circumference; the armature winding is wound On the tooth root of the tooth shoe one, the permanent magnet is fixed on the tooth top of the tooth shoe one.

The outer circular surface of the mover is evenly distributed with several grooves along the circumferential direction, and the inner circular surface of the mover is evenly distributed with bosses equal to the number of grooves along the circumferential direction; each boss and each groove are They are arranged symmetrically along the radial centerline of the mover, the bosses correspond to the grooves one by one, and the radial centerlines of the bosses and the grooves coincide.

The permanent magnet stator is sleeved on the outer periphery of the mover, the axial length of the mover is smaller than that of the entire permanent magnet stator, and the mover can reciprocate within the axial length range of the permanent magnet stator.

A special-shaped hole in the shape of a "bell mouth" is provided on the inner circular surface of the mover between two adjacent bosses, and each special-shaped hole can form a sparse flux link.

A limiting device for limiting the position of the permanent magnet is arranged on the tooth top of the first tooth shoe in the multi-tooth iron core.

The number of said bosses and grooves is equal to the number of tooth shoe one.

The permanent magnet stator includes at least two coaxial multi-tooth iron cores and at least one magnetic isolation bridge. The magnetic isolation bridge is made of non-magnetic material and is arranged between two adjacent multi-tooth iron cores.

The magnetic isolation bridge is also in the shape of a ring, and the inner circular surface of the magnetic isolation bridge is evenly distributed with the second tooth shoe in the circumferential direction; the armature winding is wound on the teeth of the first tooth shoe and the second tooth shoe. root.

The inner diameter of the second tooth shoe is smaller than that of the first tooth shoe, but larger than that of the permanent magnet.

The axial length of each permanent magnet is equal to the axial length of a single multi-tooth iron core, the permanent magnets are arranged in pairs along the axial direction, and the magnetization directions of two adjacent permanent magnets along the circumferential direction are opposite.

The axial length of the mover is greater than the sum of the axial length of a single multi-tooth iron core and the axial length of the magnetic isolation bridge.

Each of the bosses and each groove is arc-shaped.

After the present invention adopts the above structure, it has the following beneficial effects:

1. The permanent magnet stator adopts the general rotating motor manufacturing process, which is simple in process and low in manufacturing cost. The permanent magnet is located inside the permanent magnet stator, which is easy to assemble, reliable, strong in impact resistance, and easy to dissipate heat. Therefore, it can be widely used in the field of reciprocating short-stroke cylindrical permanent magnet linear generators.

2. The setting of the outer peripheral groove of the mover can increase the circumferential positioning force of the mover, realize the circumferential positioning of the mover, and improve the oscillation frequency and response speed of the linear generator.

3. The axial length of the mover is smaller than that of the entire permanent magnet stator, so the axial magnetic permeability between the mover and the permanent magnet does not change much, and the axial positioning force is small, that is, the thrust fluctuation of the system is small.

4. The setting of the above-mentioned bosses and special-shaped holes can further reduce the weight of the mover through the optimization of the magnetic circuit without reducing the power.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 shows the front view of the cylindrical moving iron permanent magnet linear generator of the present invention.

Fig. 2 shows a sectional view A-A of the cylindrical moving iron permanent magnet linear generator of the present invention.

Fig. 3 shows a three-dimensional schematic view of the permanent magnet stator of the cylindrical moving iron permanent magnet linear generator of the present invention.

Fig. 4 shows the front view of the multi-tooth iron core of the cylindrical moving iron permanent magnet linear generator of the present invention.

Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of the development and distribution of the permanent magnets of the cylindrical moving iron permanent magnet linear generator of the present invention along a radial section plane.

Fig. 6 shows the front view of the magnetic isolation bridge of the cylindrical moving iron permanent magnet linear generator of the present invention.

Fig. 7 shows the front view of the mover of the cylindrical moving iron permanent magnet linear generator of the present invention.

Fig. 8 shows a three-dimensional schematic view of the mover of the cylindrical moving iron permanent magnet linear generator of the present invention.

Fig. 9 shows a schematic diagram of the flux linkage of the cylindrical moving iron permanent magnet linear generator of the present invention when the armature winding is not energized (the moving element does not include grooves and bosses).

Fig. 10 shows a schematic diagram of the flux linkage of the cylindrical moving iron permanent magnet linear generator of the present invention when the armature winding is not energized (the moving element only includes grooves).

Figure 11 shows the schematic diagram of the flux linkage of the cylindrical moving iron permanent magnet linear generator of the present invention when the armature winding is not energized (the moving element includes grooves and bosses).

Fig. 12 shows a schematic diagram of the flux linkage of the cylindrical moving iron permanent magnet linear generator of the present invention when the current corresponding to the high load flows through the armature winding (the moving element includes grooves and bosses).

Fig. 13 shows a schematic diagram of flux linkage with sparse flux linkage sites L at high load.

Including:

100. Permanent magnet stator;

101. Multi-tooth iron core; 102. Armature winding; 103. Permanent magnet; 104. Magnetic isolation bridge; 105. Limit boss; 106. Tooth shoe one; 107. Tooth shoe two; 108. Tooth root; 109. Tooth top;

200. Movers;

201. Radial centerline; 202. Boss; 203. Groove; 204. Shaped hole.

In addition, in the figure, L represents a sparse flux link site; H represents a high-density flux link site.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific preferred embodiments.

As shown in FIG. 1 , a cylindrical moving iron permanent magnet linear generator includes a permanent magnet stator 100 and a mover 200 .

As shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , the permanent magnet stator 100 includes a multi-tooth iron core 101 , an armature winding 102 , a permanent magnet 103 and a magnetic isolation bridge 104 .

The number of multi-tooth iron cores 101 can be set according to actual needs, preferably at least two, more preferably two. A plurality of multi-tooth iron cores 101 are arranged coaxially, and a magnetic isolation bridge 104 is arranged between two adjacent multi-tooth iron cores 101 .

Each multi-tooth iron core 101 is preferably made of silicon steel sheets laminated in the axial direction, and each multi-tooth iron core 101 is in the shape of a ring.

As shown in FIG. 4 , in the multi-tooth iron core 101 , an even number of tooth shoes 1 106 are evenly distributed on the inner surface of the multi-tooth iron core 101 along the circumference, preferably six.

As shown in Figure 6, the magnetic isolation bridge 104 is a non-magnetic conductive material, and the magnetic isolation bridge 104 is also in the shape of a ring, and the inner surface of the magnetic isolation bridge 104 is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction with teeth equal in number to the tooth shoe 106. Boot II 107 .

The tooth shoe 1 106 and the tooth shoe 2 107 both include a tooth root 108 and a tooth top 109, and the tooth top 109 faces the direction of the center of the circle. The dedendum 108 and the dedendum 109 of the first tooth shoe 106 and the second tooth shoe 107 have the same size.

When there is only one multi-tooth iron core 101 , it is sufficient to directly wind the armature winding 102 on the tooth root 108 of the tooth shoe one 106 .

When there are more than two multi-tooth iron cores 101, the armature winding 102 will be wound on the tooth roots 108 of the first tooth shoe 106 and the second tooth shoe 107, so the process is simple.

The permanent magnet 103 is fixed on the tooth top 109 of the tooth shoe one 106 . A limiting device for limiting the permanent magnet 103 is preferably provided on the tooth top 109 of the first tooth shoe 106 .

The aforementioned limiting device is preferably a limiting boss 105 as shown in FIG. 4 , and the height of the limiting boss 105 is preferably smaller than that of the permanent magnet 103 . During the assembling process of the permanent magnet 103 , it can play a role of circumferential positioning, no assembly tool is needed, and the assembling is simple and reliable.

Alternatively, the above-mentioned limiting device may also be a limiting groove or the like.

After the permanent magnet 103 is installed inside the multi-tooth iron core 101, there is no vibration and impact, high reliability, and strong anti-demagnetization ability;

Further, the inner diameter R2 of the second tooth shoe 107 is smaller than the inner diameter R1 of the first tooth shoe 106 , but larger than the inner diameter of the permanent magnet 103 . This setting, on the one hand, is convenient for assembly and fixing; on the other hand, it can reduce the magnetic flux leakage of the motor and increase the power density of the motor.

The axial length of each permanent magnet 103 is preferably equal to the axial length of a single multi-tooth iron core 101 .

As shown in FIG. 5 , the permanent magnets 103 are arranged in pairs along the axial direction, and the magnetization directions of two adjacent permanent magnets 103 along the circumferential direction are opposite. That is, the permanent magnets 103 are arranged alternately along the axial and circumferential directions N and S. Therefore, it is possible to form a transverse magnetic flux on the adjacent tooth shoe, cut the winding, and generate electricity.

The permanent magnet stator 100 is set on the outer periphery of the mover 200 , the axial length of the mover 200 is smaller than that of the entire permanent magnet stator 100 , and the mover 200 can reciprocate within the axial length of the permanent magnet stator 100 .

Further, the axial length of the mover 200 is greater than the sum of the axial length of a single multi-tooth iron core 101 and the axial length of the magnetic isolation bridge 104 . Therefore, the axial magnetic permeability between the mover 200 and the permanent magnet 103 does not change much, and the axial positioning force is small, that is, the thrust fluctuation of the system is small.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 , the mover 200 is mainly made of silicon steel sheets laminated in the axial direction.

Several grooves 203 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction on the outer surface of the mover 200 . The number of the grooves 203 is preferably equal to the number of the first tooth shoe 106, so that the circumferential positioning force of the mover 200 is stronger.

Bosses 202 and special-shaped holes 204 equal in number to grooves 203 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the inner surface of the mover 200 .

Each boss 202 and each groove 203 are preferably arc-shaped.

Each boss 202 and each groove 203 are arranged symmetrically along the radial centerline 201 of the mover 200 , and the radial centerlines 201 of the bosses 202 and the grooves 203 coincide.

The special-shaped hole 204 is arranged between two adjacent bosses 202, and each special-shaped hole 204 is preferably in the shape of a "bell mouth", and the "bell mouth" of the special-shaped hole 204 faces the direction of the center of the circle. In addition, each shaped hole 204 can form a sparse flux linkage site L.

The setting of the special-shaped hole 204 is simple and reliable in process, lighter in weight, greater in circumferential positioning force, and does not cause power reduction, and at the same time further reduces the weight of the mover 200 and improves the oscillation frequency and response speed of the linear generator.

Next, the generation mechanism of the groove 203, the boss 202 and the special-shaped hole 204 will be studied.

9 to 12 are flux linkage analysis diagrams showing the cylindrical moving iron permanent magnet linear generator without the special-shaped hole 204, and the thin lines in the figures represent the flux linkage.

FIG. 9 shows that the armature winding 102 is not energized, in which case only the permanent magnets 103 of the permanent magnet stator 100 generate flux linkages. In addition, a sparse flux linkage site L is generated on the inner peripheral surface of the mover 200 corresponding to the circumferential center of the permanent magnet 103, and a sparse flux linkage location L is generated on the outer peripheral surface of the mover 200 corresponding to the notch of the multi-tooth iron core 101. High-density magnetic link part H.

Fig. 10 shows that when the armature winding 102 is not energized, in this case, due to the existence of the groove 203, when the mover 200 rotates in the circumferential direction, the magnetic permeability between the mover 200 and the permanent magnet 103 changes greatly, resulting in a larger Large cogging torque, that is, the large circumferential positioning force of the mover 200 hinders the circumferential movement of the mover 200 and realizes the circumferential positioning of the mover 200. However, due to the reduction of the effective part of the magnetic circuit of the mover 200, the sparse flux link L and The high-density flux linkage part H is offset to the inner side of the mover 200, and the flux density of the sparse flux linkage part L and the high-density flux linkage part H is increased, which is not conducive to the maximum power output.

Figure 11 shows that when the armature winding 102 is not energized, in this case, due to the existence of the boss 202, the effective magnetic circuit of the mover 200 remains unchanged, and the problem of increasing the magnetic density of the sparse flux linkage part L and the high-density flux linkage part H is solved. , to ensure maximum power output.

Fig. 12 shows that when the current corresponding to the high load flows through the armature winding 102, in this case, the flux linkage schematic diagram of the cylindrical moving iron type permanent magnet linear generator of the present invention, it can be seen that at the time of high load, the sparse flux linkage position L No circumferential offset occurs.

That is, a sparse flux linkage portion L that is hardly utilized as a magnetic path is generated between the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface of the mover 200 . Therefore, as long as the magnetic circuit saturation phenomenon does not occur at the high-density flux linkage part H, and the radial length of the mover 200 is confirmed, even if the sparse flux linkage part L is cut off, the power will not be reduced, and the mover 200 can be realized. further lightweighting.

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the flux linkage with sparse flux linkage parts L under high load, it can be seen that under high load, the flux linkage can pass along the boss.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, some improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements should also be regarded as the present invention. scope of protection. For example, the number and shape of the teeth of the multi-tooth iron core 101 and the magnetic isolation bridge 104 are not limited to the number and shape of the teeth in the embodiment. Moreover, the numbers and shapes of the grooves 203, bosses 202, special-shaped holes 204, and permanent magnets 103 are not limited to the numbers and shapes of the embodiments. These equivalent transformations all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a cylinder type moving-iron type permanent magnet linear generator, comprises permanent-magnet stator and mover, it is characterized in that:

Described permanent-magnet stator comprises multiple tooth iron core, armature winding and permanent magnet, and multiple tooth iron core is circular, and the inner headed face of multiple tooth iron core is uniformly distributed with even number tooth boots one along the circumference; Armature winding is wrapped on the tooth root of tooth boots one, and permanent magnet is fixed on the tooth top of tooth boots one;

The periphery of described mover is along the circumferential direction evenly equipped with several grooves, and the inner headed face of mover is along the circumferential direction evenly equipped with the boss equal with number of recesses; Each boss and each groove are all arranged symmetrically with along the radial centre lines of mover, boss and groove one_to_one corresponding, and the radial centre lines of boss and groove coincides;

Permanent-magnet stator is sleeved on the periphery of mover, and the axial length of mover is less than the axial length of whole permanent-magnet stator, and mover can move reciprocatingly in the axial length range of permanent-magnet stator.

2. cylinder type moving-iron type permanent magnet linear generator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the mover inner headed face between adjacent two described boss is respectively provided with a profiled holes in " horn mouth " shape, and each profiled holes all can form sparse magnetic linkage position.

3. cylinder type moving-iron type permanent magnet linear generator according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described multiple tooth iron core tooth boots one tooth top on be provided with for by stopping means spacing for permanent magnet.

4. cylinder type moving-iron type permanent magnet linear generator according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the quantity of described boss and groove is all equal with the quantity of tooth boots one.

5. cylinder type moving-iron type permanent magnet linear generator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described permanent-magnet stator comprises at least two multiple tooth iron cores and at least one coaxially arranged every magnetic bridge, be non-magnet material every magnetic bridge, be arranged between adjacent two multiple tooth iron cores.

6. cylinder type moving-iron type permanent magnet linear generator according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described is also circular every magnetic bridge, is along the circumferential direction evenly equipped with the tooth boots two equal with tooth boots one quantity at the inner headed face every magnetic bridge; Armature winding is wrapped on the tooth root of tooth boots one and tooth boots two.

7. cylinder type moving-iron type permanent magnet linear generator according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the internal diameter of described tooth boots two is less than the internal diameter of tooth boots one, but is greater than the internal diameter of permanent magnet.

8. cylinder type moving-iron type permanent magnet linear generator according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the axial length of each described permanent magnet is equal to the axial length of single multiple tooth iron core, permanent magnet is arranged in pairs vertically, and circumferentially the direction of magnetization of two adjacent permanent magnets is contrary.

9. cylinder type moving-iron type permanent magnet linear generator according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the axial length of described mover be greater than single multiple tooth iron core axial length with every magnetic bridge axial length sum.

10. cylinder type moving-iron type permanent magnet linear generator according to claim 1, is characterized in that: each described boss and each groove all curved.