CN105300292B - Wheat class seed size measurement apparatus and measuring method - Google Patents

Wheat class seed size measurement apparatus and measuring method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105300292B
CN105300292B CN201510733236.0A CN201510733236A CN105300292B CN 105300292 B CN105300292 B CN 105300292B CN 201510733236 A CN201510733236 A CN 201510733236A CN 105300292 B CN105300292 B CN 105300292B
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plate
wheat class
class seed
objective table
clamping
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CN105300292A (en
Inventor
余华
丁汉凤
李娜娜
宫永超
蒲艳艳
李润芳
戴双
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Shandong Crop Germplasm Resource Center
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Shandong Crop Germplasm Resource Center
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Abstract

Wheat class seed size measurement apparatus and measuring method, measurement accuracy is poor, resultant error is big, ineffective problem during for solving single-handedly to observe wheat class seed morphology.It includes base, objective table, clamping assembly, first size plate and amplification assembly, column is provided with base top, objective table is provided with column bottom, chute is provided with the top of objective table, be slidably installed slide plate in chute, and the clamping assembly of clamping seed is provided with the slide plate;First, second laser lamp is provided with clamping assembly, first, second laser lamp can launch the light beam of different colours;First size plate is provided with the top of objective table, the first netted graduation mark is provided with the upper surface of first size plate;Amplification assembly is provided with above first size plate, amplification assembly includes cross bar, mirror holder, eyeglass and mounting blocks, by amplifying the reading on assembly observation first size plate.The measurement wide to wheat class seed grain length and grain can be achieved in the present invention, and good measuring accuracy, operating efficiency are high.

Description

Wheat class seed size measurement apparatus and measuring method
Technical field
The present invention relates to crop seed size and form field of measuring technique, specifically one kind is convenient for measuring wheat crops Seed grows and wide wheat class seed size measurement apparatus and measuring method.
Background technology
Wheat crops species is enriched, and is important cereal crops and industrial crops.Grain length and grain it is wide be wheat crops weight Morphological feature is wanted, is an important indicator for evaluating wheat variety exterior quality, yield size and quality level.Grain length grain width is not It is only related to the sprouting ability and adverse-resistant characteristic of seed, also directly affect the survival ability of seedling and the yield water of crop It is flat.Therefore, wide by measuring grain length and grain, the screening wheat class seed that form is good, quality is high is to improve the seed storage life-span, sprout The efficiency precondition neat with emergence is ensured.Because the wide in variety of wheat crops, character are various, cause wheat crops seed Length and width observation is not only time-consuming, laborious, error is big, and still lacks effective equipment of measurement grain length grain width at present.It is provided by the invention A kind of wheat class seed size measurement apparatus can effectively observe wheat crops seed grain length and grain it is wide, be wheat crops shape State Character Evaluation provides accurate foundation.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of wheat class seed size measurement apparatus and measuring method, for solving single-handedly to see Measurement accuracy is poor, resultant error is big, ineffective problem during survey wheat class seed morphology.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention to solve the technical problem is that:Wheat class seed size measurement apparatus, it is characterized in that, It includes base, column, objective table, clamping assembly, first size plate and amplification assembly, is provided with the top of the base vertical Column, be provided with objective table in the bottom of the column, be provided with chute at the top of the objective table, slided in the chute Slide plate is installed;
The first fixed block of a pair or so settings is fixed with the top of the slide plate and the second of a pair of front and rear settings is consolidated Determine block, and two second fixed blocks are provided with one between two first fixed blocks on the line of two first fixed blocks To first clamping plate, a pair of second clamping plates are provided with the line of two second fixed blocks, in the first fixed block and corresponding Spring is respectively equipped between one clamping plate, between the second fixed block and corresponding second clamping plate, folder is surrounded between first, second clamping plate Hold the holding chamber of seed, and the end face of first, second clamping plate away from spring is clamping face, the slide plate, first clamping plate, the Second splint, the first fixed block, the second fixed block and spring constitute clamping assembly;
First laser lamp is provided with the top of the first clamping plate, second laser is provided with the top of the second clamping plate Lamp, first, second laser lamp can launch the distance between light beam and clamping face of the light beam of different colours and two kinds of colors as one Definite value, the switch of first, second laser lamp working condition of control is provided with the side of the objective table;
The first size plate on column is provided with the top of the objective table, the first size plate is Transparent Parts, It is provided with the first netted graduation mark in the upper surface of the first size plate, the first netted graduation mark includes orthogonal the One horizontal line and the first vertical line, and often the distance between two first adjacent horizontal lines and often the distance between two first adjacent vertical lines It is equal;
Amplification assembly is provided with the top of the first size plate, the amplification assembly includes cross bar, mirror holder, eyeglass and peace Block is filled, the installation end of the cross bar is arranged on column, mounting blocks is provided with the free end of the cross bar, in the mounting blocks Side is provided with some grooves setting up and down, is hinged in each groove and is provided with mirror holder, is stretching out the mirror holder one of groove End is provided with eyeglass, and the eyeglass multiplication factor on each mirror holder is different.
Further, be provided with the first installation portion in the installation end of the objective table, on first installation portion be provided with The first through hole that column coordinates.
Further, the second installation portion is provided with the installation end of the first size plate, is set on second installation portion There is the second through hole coordinated with column.
Further, slot is provided with the side of the first size plate free end, has been inserted in the slot transparent The second baseboard, be provided with the second netted graduation mark on second baseboard, the second netted graduation mark includes second Horizontal line and the second vertical line, and second horizontal line is located between every two first adjacent horizontal lines, second vertical line is located at per phase Between two first adjacent vertical lines.
Further, it is provided with projection in the free end of second baseboard.
Further, jackscrew is provided between the cross bar and column.
Further, dust cap is provided with the top of some mirror holders, the dust cap is articulated and connected with mounting blocks.
Further, the objective table and slide plate are white plastic part.
Further, the first laser lamp transmitting red beam, the second laser lamp transmitting green light beam.
Wheat class seed size measuring method, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) wheat class seed is placed between first, second clamping plate on objective table, passes through the realization pair of first, second clamping plate Wheat class seed grips;
(2) when wheat class seed sizes are smaller, the second baseboard is inserted on first size plate;
(3) rotating dust cap causes dust cap to be removed above eyeglass, and corresponding times magnification is selected according to wheat class seed size Several eyeglasses;
(4) switch on objective table is pressed so that first, second laser lamp launches light beam;
(5) light beam and the first or/and second baseboard in observation of steps (4), the length and width measurement to wheat class seed is realized.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:Wheat class seed size measurement apparatus and measuring method provided by the invention, will be to be measured Amount wheat class seed is placed in the holding chamber on slide plate, by first, second Boards wall seed kernel, is then turned on switching, the The second laser lamp on first laser lamp and second clamping plate on one clamping plate just launches vertical light beam, and light beam is radiated at the first chi On very little plate, luminous point is left on first size plate, by observing the distance between luminous point, is realized wide to wheat class seed grain length and grain Measurement.The setting of second baseboard, precision during measurement can be improved;Amplify the setting of assembly, reading can be facilitated.This hair It is bright quickly to realize the measurement wide to wheat class seed grain length and grain, good measuring accuracy and operating efficiency height.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the measurement apparatus front schematic view of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is A in Fig. 1 to local direction view;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of clamping assembly;
Fig. 4 is B in Fig. 1 to local direction view;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of first size plate;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the second baseboard;
Schematic diagram when Fig. 7 is measurement seed sizes;
Schematic diagram when Fig. 8 is measurement seed sizes;
Fig. 9 is local direction view at the C in Fig. 1;
Figure 10 is the D-D sectional views in Fig. 9;
Figure 11 is using schematic diagram during amplification assembly;
In figure:1 base, 11 columns, 2 objective tables, 21 first installation portions, 211 first through hole, 22 switches, 23 chutes, 24 slide Plate, 25 first fixed blocks, 26 second fixed blocks, 27 springs, 3 jackscrews, 31 first clamping plates, 32 second clamping plates, 33 first laser lamps, 34 second laser lamps, 4 first size plates, 41 second installation portions, 411 second through holes, 42 slots, 43 first horizontal lines, 44 first is perpendicular Line, 5 second baseboards, 51 is raised, 52 second horizontal lines, 53 second vertical lines, 6 cross bars, 60 grooves, 61 mirror holders, 62 dust caps, 63 ears Plate, 64 eyeglasses, 65 mounting blocks, 7 is be hinged, 81 first luminous points, 82 second luminous points, 9 seeds, a intervals.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1 to 11, measurement apparatus of the invention mainly includes base 1, column 11, objective table 2, clamping always Into, first size plate 4 and amplification assembly, the measurement apparatus of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figure 1, base 1 is the matrix of this measurement apparatus, vertical column 11 is provided with the top of base, in column Bottom be provided with objective table 2, as shown in Fig. 2 objective table is square plastic plate, the first installation is provided with the installation end of objective table Portion 21, the first installation portion are square working of plastics, and the first through hole 211 coordinated with column, loading are provided with the first installation portion Platform is fixed on column by the first installation portion.Chute 23 is provided with the top of objective table, slide plate is slidably fitted with chute 24, slide plate is square plastic plate, as shown in figure 3, being fixed with the first fixed block 25 of a pair or so settings at the top of slide plate With a pair of front and rear the second fixed blocks 26 set, first, second fixed block is square working of plastics, the company of two second fixed blocks Line is vertical with the line of two first fixed blocks, and two second fixed blocks are between two first fixed blocks, two first fixed blocks and Two second fixed blocks are respectively on four angles of rhombus.A pair of first clamping plates 31 are provided with the line of two first fixed blocks, A pair of second clamping plates 32 are provided with the line of two second fixed blocks, two first clamping plates are corresponding with two first fixed blocks respectively, and two Second clamping plate is corresponding with two second fixed blocks respectively, between the first fixed block and first clamping plate, the second fixed block and second folder Spring 27 is respectively equipped between plate.First, second clamping plate is square plastic materials and parts, and first, second clamping plate is arranged on slide plate Fang Bingyu slide plate slides connect.Under the action of the spring, the holding chamber of clamping seed 9 is surrounded between first, second clamping plate.Two The top of first clamping plate is provided with the first laser lamp 33 of transmitting feux rouges, and the second of transmitting green glow is provided with the top of two second clamping plates Laser lamp 34, to control first, second laser lamp, switch 22 is provided with the side of objective table.Away from bullet on first, second clamping plate The end face of spring is clamping face, has certain interval a between first, second laser lamp and clamping face.First clamping plate, the second folder Plate, the first fixed block, the second fixed block, spring and slide plate constitute clamping assembly.
First size plate 4 is provided with the top of objective table, as shown in figure 4, first size plate 4 is square transparent plastic Plate, the second installation portion 41 is provided with the installation end of first size plate, the second installation portion is square working of plastics, in the second installation portion The second through hole 411 coordinated with column is provided with, the second installation portion is fixed on column by the second through hole.In first size plate The side of free end is provided with square slot 42, as shown in figure 5, being provided with the first netted scale in the upper surface of first size plate Line, the first netted graduation mark include some vertical lines 44 of first horizontal line 43 and first, and some first horizontal lines are parallel to each other and equidistantly Set, some first vertical lines are parallel to each other and spaced set, and some first horizontal lines and the first vertical line form measurement seed length and width The netted graduation mark of size, and often the distance between two first adjacent horizontal lines and often the distance between two first adjacent vertical lines Equal, the distance is the minimum scale on first size plate.When measuring the seed of small size, to improve the precision of measurement, inserting The second baseboard 5 is inserted in groove, as shown in fig. 6, the second baseboard is square transparent plastic sheet, the one of the second baseboard Side is provided with projection 51, in order to hold the second baseboard.It is provided with the second netted graduation mark in the upper surface of the second baseboard, second Netted graduation mark includes some vertical lines 53 of second horizontal line 52 and second, and some second horizontal lines are parallel to each other and spaced set, if Dry second vertical line is parallel to each other and spaced set, and the distance between every two second adjacent horizontal lines and every adjacent two second The distance between vertical line is equal, and the distance is the minimum scale on the second baseboard.After second baseboard is inserted in slot, Every one second horizontal line is between two first adjacent horizontal lines, and every two first adjacent horizontal lines are with being located at second between the two The distance between horizontal line is equal;Every one second vertical line is between two first adjacent vertical lines, and every two first adjacent vertical lines It is equal with positioned at the distance between the second vertical line between the two.The setting of second baseboard causes overall minimum scale to be changed into Half originally.
Amplification assembly is provided with the top of first size plate, amplification assembly includes cross bar 6, mounting blocks 65, mirror holder 61, eyeglass 64 and dust cap 62, laterally disposed cross bar 6 is provided with the top of column, the installation end of cross bar is enclosed on top and the cross bar of column It can be moved up and down with respect to column, to realize being relatively fixed for cross bar and column, jackscrew 3 is provided between cross bar and column.Such as Fig. 1 It is shown, mounting blocks 65 are fixed with the free end of cross bar, as shown in figure 9, being provided with the free end of mounting blocks some setting up and down Groove 60, be hinged 7 are provided with a mirror holder 61 in each groove, and mirror holder is the working of plastics of annular, as shown in Figure 10, The eyeglass 64 with amplification is provided with the inner chamber of mirror holder, the thickness of eyeglass is less than the thickness of mirror holder, and in each mirror holder Eyeglass multiplication factor is different.For convenience of the installation of mirror holder, an otic placode 63 is provided with the installation end of each mirror holder, mirror holder passes through ear Plate is articulated and connected with mounting blocks.Some mirror holders are setting up and down, can according to the needs of multiplication factor select corresponding to eyeglass.Some The top of mirror holder is provided with dust cap 62, and dust cap is articulated and connected also by otic placode and mounting blocks.Dust cap is circle, dust cap Effect is to prevent dust from falling on eyeglass, pollutes eyeglass.As shown in figure 11, when needing to use eyeglass, dust cap is rotated 90 More than degree, now, eyeglass is completely exposed.
In use, wheat class seed is placed in holding chamber, now the clamping face of first, second clamping plate contacts with seed. Then starting switch so that first laser lamp and the work of second laser lamp, now first laser lamp sends red straight up Light beam, second laser lamp send green beam straight up, as shown in fig. 7, red, green beam is kept off by first size plate Firmly, red beam irradiates the first luminous point 81 on first size plate, and green beam irradiates the second light on first size plate Point 82, as shown in figure 8, the reading between two first luminous points is L, the reading between two second luminous points is H, then the length of seed is L-2a, the width of seed is H-2a.When rice size is smaller, the second baseboard can be inserted in first size plate, to improve Measurement accuracy.
One end of seed is concordant with the first vertical line during to ensure to measure, can be in chute to obtain clearly measuring basis Moving slide board, to cause one end of seed and the first vertical line consistency from top to bottom.Objective table and slide plate are preferably white, in order to observe Reading.
The measuring method of the present invention is described below, wheat class seed size measuring method, comprised the following steps:
(1) wheat class seed is placed between first, second clamping plate on objective table, passes through the realization pair of first, second clamping plate Wheat class seed grips;
(2) when wheat class seed sizes are smaller, the second baseboard is inserted on first size plate;
(3) rotating dust cap causes dust cap to be removed above eyeglass, and corresponding times magnification is selected according to wheat class seed size Several eyeglasses;
(4) switch on objective table is pressed so that first, second laser lamp launches light beam;
(5) light beam and the first or/and second baseboard in observation of steps (4), the length and width measurement to wheat class seed is realized.

Claims (10)

1. wheat class seed size measurement apparatus, it is characterized in that, it includes base, column, objective table, clamping assembly, first size Plate and amplification assembly, are provided with vertical column at the top of the base, objective table are provided with the bottom of the column, described The top of objective table is provided with chute, and slide plate is slidably fitted with the chute;
The first fixed block and a pair of front and rear the second fixed blocks set of a pair or so settings are fixed with the top of the slide plate, And two second fixed block between two first fixed blocks, on the line of two first fixed blocks be provided with a pair first Clamping plate, a pair of second clamping plates are provided with the line of two second fixed blocks, in the first fixed block and corresponding first clamping plate Between, between the second fixed block and corresponding second clamping plate be respectively equipped with spring, clamping seed is surrounded between first, second clamping plate Holding chamber, and the end face of first, second clamping plate away from spring be clamping face, and the slide plate, first clamping plate, second are pressed from both sides Plate, the first fixed block, the second fixed block and spring constitute clamping assembly;
First laser lamp is provided with the top of the first clamping plate, second laser lamp is provided with the top of the second clamping plate, the First, it is certain value that second laser lamp, which can launch the distance between the light beam of different colours and the light beam of two kinds of colors and clamping face, The switch of first, second laser lamp working condition of control is provided with the side of the objective table;
The first size plate on column is provided with the top of the objective table, the first size plate is Transparent Parts, in institute The upper surface for stating first size plate is provided with the first netted graduation mark, and it is horizontal that the first netted graduation mark includes orthogonal first Line and the first vertical line, and often the distance between two first adjacent horizontal lines and often the distance between two first adjacent vertical lines phase Deng;
Amplification assembly is provided with the top of the first size plate, the amplification assembly includes cross bar, mirror holder, eyeglass and installation Block, the installation end of the cross bar are arranged on column, mounting blocks are provided with the free end of the cross bar, in the side of the mounting blocks Face is provided with some grooves setting up and down, is hinged in each groove and is provided with mirror holder, is stretching out mirror holder one end of groove Provided with eyeglass, and the eyeglass multiplication factor on each mirror holder is different.
2. wheat class seed size measurement apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, set in the installation end of the objective table There is the first installation portion, the first through hole coordinated with column is provided with first installation portion.
3. wheat class seed size measurement apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the installation of the first size plate End is provided with the second installation portion, and the second through hole coordinated with column is provided with second installation portion.
4. wheat class seed size measurement apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the first size plate free end Side be provided with slot, the second transparent baseboard is inserted in the slot, on second baseboard be provided with second Netted graduation mark, the second netted graduation mark includes the second horizontal line and the second vertical line, and second horizontal line is located at per adjacent Two first horizontal lines between, second vertical line is located at per between two first adjacent vertical lines.
5. wheat class seed size measurement apparatus according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, in the freedom of second baseboard End is provided with projection.
6. wheat class seed size measurement apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, set between the cross bar and column There is jackscrew.
7. wheat class seed size measurement apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, set above some mirror holders There is dust cap, the dust cap is articulated and connected with mounting blocks.
8. wheat class seed size measurement apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the objective table and slide plate are white Working of plastics.
9. wheat class seed size measurement apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the first laser lamp transmitting is red Light beam, the second laser lamp transmitting green light beam.
10. any described wheat class seed size measurement apparatus carries out the measurement of seed size measurement in usage right requirement 1 to 9 Method, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) wheat class seed is placed between first, second clamping plate on objective table, realized by first, second clamping plate to wheat class Seed grips;
(2) when wheat class seed sizes are smaller, the second baseboard is inserted on first size plate;
(3) rotating dust cap causes dust cap to be removed above eyeglass, and corresponding multiplication factor is selected according to wheat class seed size Eyeglass;
(4) switch on objective table is pressed so that first, second laser lamp launches light beam;
(5) light beam and the first or/and second baseboard in observation of steps (4), the length and width measurement to wheat class seed is realized.
CN201510733236.0A 2015-10-30 2015-10-30 Wheat class seed size measurement apparatus and measuring method Active CN105300292B (en)

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CN201184786Y (en) * 2007-11-09 2009-01-21 罗江 Laser coordinate detector for vehicle contour dimension
CN101275824A (en) * 2008-05-16 2008-10-01 中国农业大学 Method for detecting rice granule type
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