CN105299940B - A kind of control method of frozen products insulated container frequency-changing cyclone compressor refrigeration system - Google Patents
A kind of control method of frozen products insulated container frequency-changing cyclone compressor refrigeration system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the refrigeration system of frozen products insulated container frequency-changing cyclone compressor, critical piece includes step-by-step movement electric expansion valve, condenser, evaporator, condenser fan, evaporator fan, subcooler, electrically heated rod；Also include two frequency-changing cyclone compressors, the temperature measuring equipment and controller for measuring frozen products insulated container the temperature inside the box being arranged in parallel；The present invention also disclosed the control method applied to the system, including fast cooling control method, frequency conversion temperature adjustment control method and heat temperature raising control method simultaneously；Compressor operation number of units is increased and decreased according to load range；Using double frequency-changing cyclone compressors, obtain the operating range bigger than single compressor, avoid compressor from shortening because of the service life caused by being worked long hours under crossing underload, avoid the frequently larger temperature fluctuation brought during low system loading because frequent start-stop controls；The setting of main and auxiliary compressor and periodically exchange improve the service life of compressor, ensure that the higher reliability of system.
Description
Technical field
This patent refers to a kind of control method of the refrigeration system of frozen products insulated container technical field, specifically one kind
Capacity regulating (capacity control) system is realized using double frequency-changing cyclone compressors and electric expansion valve for controlling
The control method of cooling system.
Background technology
Refrigerated container transportation is one of most important link of Cold Chain Logistics.Frozen products insulated container is at sea or on land
Transport, is influenceed (such as different temperature, humidity, solar radiation and wind speed and directions) by various amblent air temperature factors, then
Plus the demand (requirement of such as ventilation) of goods itself, among the load of system is often in variation.In transportation
In most of the time section, frozen products insulated container system is in part load condition.In order to ensure the stability of the temperature inside the box, it is desirable to make
The refrigerating capacity of cooling system must match with the thermic load of system, and therefore, the capacity regulating ability of refrigeration system is particularly significant.
In addition, the capacity regulating ability of refrigeration system can also influence the energy consumption of system.By the valency of frozen products insulated container institute freight
Value is typically much higher than freight, thus it is guaranteed that the importance of the stabilization of the temperature inside the box is primary.However, energy crisis with
And environmental crisis causes the importance of energy-saving and emission-reduction gradually to increase, therefore, it is also a highly important factor to reduce energy consumption.
In the refrigeration packaging refrigeration system used has been put into, following two capacity regulating modes are mainly employed：①
Using constant volume capacity compressor and expansion valve (heating power expansion valve or electric expansion valve), along with hot-gas bypass and suction modulation；
2. use variable conpacitance compressor and electric expansion valve.In the first capacity regulating mode, the reciprocating pressure of compressor generally use
Contracting machine or scroll compressor；In second of capacity regulating mode, compressor generally use digital scroll compressor (is vortexed
Compressor matches somebody with somebody digital control valve), frequency-changing cyclone compressor and variable-frequency reciprocating compressor.Using the first capacity regulating mode,
For the needs of compressor lubrication, the pressure of inspiration(Pi) of compressor can not be too low, and oil return deficiency otherwise occurs and causes compressor
Because of lack of lubrication, serious wear is even damaged, and therefore, when load is relatively low, is generally aided with hot-gas bypass and suction modulation, from
And ensure that the pressure of inspiration(Pi) of compressor is in rational scope, while meet the needs of load matching, but this mode adds
The energy consumption of system；When load further reduces, system generally use start-up and shut-down control is to protect compressor, but this can be sacrificed in case
The stability of temperature.For above reason, increasing frozen products insulated container uses variable conpacitance compressor.Using second of capacity
Regulative mode, when compressor is is equipped with the digital scroll compressor of digital control valve, because digital control valve is according to load
Size, within a time cycle control compressor suction open and close time scale, so as to control cycle period in shape
Into so-called " load phase " and " unloading phase ", during load, compressor works as constant volume screw compressor, transmits all
Capacity, compressor output be 100%, during unloading, compressor output then be 0, that is to say, that in sub-load, compression
Machine is not from evaporator air-breathing during unloading, and also not to condenser exhaust gas, this can cause the fluctuation of evaporating pressure and condensing pressure,
So as to have influence on temperature controlled precision；In addition, no matter use digital scroll compressor, or using frequency-changing cyclone compressor or
Person's variable-frequency reciprocating compressor, for the needs of protection compressor, when load is less than 10% (digital vortex or frequency-changing cyclone compression
Machine) or during less than 20% (reciprocating frequency-changeable compressor), refrigeration system generally use start-up and shut-down control, frequently start and stop can influence
The service life of associated components and temperature controlled precision.
Frozen products insulated container is generally in part load condition during goods is transported.Due to the case of frozen products insulated container
The heat-insulating property of body is good, and 50% is typically smaller than to load of the less demanding goods of ventilation in transportation；It is in addition, right
Ventilation requires goods such as meat of very low or even several no requirement (NR)s etc., under the frozen mode of frozen products insulated container, blower fan low speed fortune
Blower fan heat caused by row and the hot very little of leakage of casing so that the load of system is very low (5%~10%), or even can not meet existing
Frozen products insulated container used by refrigeration compressor operate minimum requirements, start-up and shut-down control can only be taken.Analyzed based on more than, very
More goods are within many times during actual shipment, it is only necessary to which system unit provides 5%~50% capacity.
The double compressor system once used in the art, which uses, determines frequency reciprocating compressor, due to fault rate
Height, vibrations are big, energy-saving effect is general, by market.
The content of the invention
When being run for frozen products insulated container the characteristics of load variations, the present invention is intended to provide one kind can be relatively reliable, more
Supernumerary segment energy and the more stable refrigeration system of temperature control, so as to increase the use of frozen products insulated container refrigeration system associated components
In the life-span, the economy of system is improved, while improve the preservation quality of goods and reduce goods damage.
Concrete scheme is：A kind of frozen products insulated container frequency-changing cyclone compressor refrigeration system, its critical piece include step
Enter formula electric expansion valve, condenser, evaporator, condenser fan, evaporator fan, subcooler, electrically heated rod；Also include parallel connection
Two frequency-changing cyclone compressors, the temperature measuring equipment and controller for measuring frozen products insulated container the temperature inside the box set；
The rated load of every frequency-changing cyclone compressor is respectively the 50% of the rated load of frozen products insulated container system design；This two changes
The import of frequency screw compressor is connected for low-pressure admission mouth, and two frequency-changing cyclone compressors outlets are connected and extruded for height
Gas port；The signal end with temperature measuring equipment, the control terminal of two frequency-changing cyclone compressors electrically connect the controller successively.
The present invention also disclosed the control method applied to above-mentioned frozen products insulated container frequency-changing cyclone compressor refrigeration system：
Before refrigeration system operating, a frequency-changing cyclone compressor therein is set first as main compressor, another is auxiliary compressor,
Main and auxiliary compressor every month can exchange according to service condition every certain period of time.
The present invention further control method be：Before refrigeration system operating, sets target temperature Tset, the first control accuracy
E1, the second control accuracy e2 and the 3rd control accuracy e3, and meet e1>e2>e3>0；Meanwhile the highest of compressor is set to operate
Frequency a and minimum operating frequency b；When system operates, control temperature T that temperature measuring equipment is obtained, if control temperature T with
Design temperature Tset difference is more than the second control accuracy e2, and system is in fast cooling area, and main and auxiliary compressor is simultaneously with identical
Rotation speed operation, and rotating speed gradually increases, until reaching highest operating frequency and keeping, so that control temperature T declines；Control temperature
T is dropped between Tset ± e2, and system enters frequency conversion temperature adjustment area, main and auxiliary compressor changed speed operation.
Wherein, frequency conversion temperature adjustment area control method is：In frequency conversion temperature adjustment area, by the operating frequency and the operating that adjust compressor
Number of units keeps the stabilization of the temperature inside the box, and the operating frequency of compressor is by PID controller according to control temperature T and target temperature
The rate of change of Tset difference and the difference is adjusted, mainly comprising following several situations：
Situation one：When measurement temperature T reaches design temperature Tset, if the operating frequency of main compressor is more than 0.4a,
Then main and auxiliary compressor operates simultaneously；When the frequency of main compressor is down to 0.4a or during less than 0.4a, if control temperature T is still held
Continuous to drop to when being less than-e3 with design temperature Tset difference, then auxiliary compressor shuts down, and main compressor remains in operation；
Situation two：When main compressor individual operation, operating frequency is reduced to minimum operating frequency b, and controls temperature T with setting
When constant temperature degree Tset difference is less than-e2, main compressor shuts down；
Situation three：When main compressor individual operation, operating frequency has risen to highest operating frequency a, and control temperature T is still lasting
Rise, and be more than e3 with the difference of design temperature, then auxiliary compressor operates.
The further technical scheme of the present invention is, in addition to heat temperature raising pattern, if T<Tset-e1, then main and auxiliary compression
Machine shuts down, and electrically heated rod heating, system is in heat temperature raising pattern, when controlling temperature T to be warming up to Tset, stops adding
Heat；After stopping heating, if control temperature T declines, compressor does not start, if temperature continuously rises to be more than Tset+e3,
Then main compressor starts.
The present invention according to the characteristics of frozen products insulated container case internal loading and goods preserve requirement, from energy-conservation, temperature control
Precision and system reliability etc. are set out, and propose, using double frequency-changing cyclone compressors and its control strategy, have obvious
Advantage：(1) compressor operation number of units is increased and decreased according to load range, born using converter technique and electronic expansion valve technology matching system
Lotus saves so as to realize；(2) using double frequency-changing cyclone compressors, the operating range bigger than single compressor can be obtained, is avoided
Compressor shortens because of the service life caused by being worked long hours under crossing underload, because frequently when avoiding relatively low system loading
Start-up and shut-down control and the frequently larger temperature fluctuation brought；(3) setting of main and auxiliary compressor and periodically exchange improve compression
The service life of machine, it ensure that the higher reliability of system.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic diagram of frozen products insulated container frequency-changing cyclone compressor refrigeration system of the present invention.
Embodiment
To further illustrate each embodiment, the present invention is provided with accompanying drawing.These accompanying drawings are the invention discloses the one of content
Point, it can coordinate the associated description of specification to explain the operation principles of embodiment mainly to illustrate embodiment.Coordinate ginseng
These contents are examined, those of ordinary skill in the art will be understood that other possible embodiments and advantages of the present invention.In figure
Component be not necessarily to scale, and similar element numbers are conventionally used to indicate similar component.
In conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1：
As shown in figure 1, the double-compressor temperature control system of the embodiment mainly includes the frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 being arranged in parallel
With frequency-changing cyclone compressor 2, condenser 11, subcooler 4, step-by-step movement electric expansion valve 20 and evaporator 12, above-mentioned each part
It is sequentially connected in series and turns on, forms refrigerant circulation loop：
In this embodiment, frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 and frequency-changing cyclone compressor 2 compress for double frequency-changing cyclones of same specification
Machine；The import of frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 and the inlet communication of frequency-changing cyclone compressor 2 are low-pressure admission mouth, and frequency-changing cyclone compresses
The outlet of machine 1 and the outlet of frequency-changing cyclone compressor 2 are high pressure outlet air mouth, and two frequency-changing cyclone compressors are entered by low pressure
Gas port and high pressure outlet air mouth are accessed in refrigerant circulation loop；Controller (not shown) successively with temperature measuring equipment 18
Signal end, frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 and frequency-changing cyclone compressor 2 control terminal electrical connection,.
Frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 and the same specification of frequency-changing cyclone compressor 2, the rated load per compressor is system nominal
The 50% of load, the compressor rated load is generally with reference to the lowest capacity regulating power of single compressor in the prior art
10%, therefore, single compressor can undertake system loading in the range of 5%-50%.By the rotating speed and pressure that control compressor
The operating number of contracting machine, so as to control the cryogen flow of refrigeration unit, can in the range of 5%-100% matching system load.
The frozen products insulated container of the embodiment is as follows with the control method of frequency-changing cyclone compressor refrigeration system：
Before the refrigeration system operation belonging to the present invention, setting frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 is main compressor, frequency-changing cyclone pressure
Contracting machine 2 is auxiliary compressor, and the highest operating frequency for setting main compressor is a, and minimum operating frequency is b, sets target temperature
Tset, the first control accuracy e1, the second control accuracy e2, the 3rd control accuracy e3.In this embodiment, the first control accuracy e1
For 1 degree Celsius, the second control accuracy e2 is 0.5 degree Celsius, and the 3rd control accuracy e3 is 0.3 degree Celsius, target temperature Tset.
When the refrigeration system belonging to the present invention is in fast cooling area, that is, the refrigeration that temperature measuring equipment 18 is obtained
Container the temperature inside the box, that is, control temperature T (refrigeration pattern is wind pushing temperature, frozen mode is return air temperature) and target temperature
When Tset difference is more than 0.5 degree Celsius, startup optimization is made refrigerant by frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 and frequency-changing cyclone compressor 2
Steam is discharged after frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 and frequency-changing cyclone compressor 2 compress, and enters condenser 11, when pressure at expulsion reaches
To when setting pressure, the first condenser fan 13, the second condenser fan 15 will start, by the fast quickly cooling of the refrigerant vapour of high temperature
But.The liquid refrigerant flowed out from condenser 11 enters reservoir 10, and unnecessary refrigerant storage is got up；The reservoir 10 is set
There is fusible plug 9, as safety guard.Refrigerant needed for system flows out from reservoir 10, by device for drying and filtering 8 and liquid
It is divided into two-way after visor 7, all the way by subcooler liquid supply electromagnetic valve 5, and the aperture of the route thermometer bulb 3 control heating power expansion valve 6
Come control flow into subcooler 4 cryogen flow, liquid refrigerant after heating power expansion valve 6 after expenditure and pressure, into supercooling
Heat absorption is vaporized in device 4, frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 and frequency-changing cyclone compressor 2 are finally flowed to, for cooling down the compressor sheet
Body；Another way refrigerant enters step-by-step movement electric expansion valve 20 after subcooler 4 improves degree of supercooling, enters through expenditure and pressure and steams
Device 12, the first evaporator fan 14 are sent out, the second evaporator fan 17 starts the temperature model set according to frozen products insulated container high
Speed or low or first gear operation.Refrigerant flows out after the vaporization heat absorption of evaporator 12, is directly entered frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 and frequency conversion whirlpool
Revolve compressor 2；The exit of evaporator 12 sets pressure sensor joint 19.
During fast cooling, frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 and frequency-changing cyclone compressor 2 are transported with same rotational speed simultaneously
Turn, and rotating speed gradually increases, and until transport maximum frequency a and keeps, until control temperature T drops to Tset ± 0.5 degree Celsius model
In enclosing, to enter frequency conversion temperature adjustment area.
When refrigeration system of the present invention is in frequency conversion temperature adjustment area, that is, the control that temperature measuring equipment 18 is obtained
When temperature T (refrigeration pattern is wind pushing temperature, frozen mode is return air temperature) processed is in the degree Celsius ranges of Tset ± 0.5, pressure
The operating frequency of contracting machine is by PID controller according to control temperature T and target temperature Tset difference and the rate of change of the difference
It is adjusted, operating number is then adjusted according to operating frequency and control temperature and the difference of target temperature, refrigeration system
Remaining part operation it is identical with fast cooling area.
The control method process of the frequency conversion temperature adjustment of the embodiment has following several situations：
Situation one：When controlling temperature T to reach target temperature Tset, if the frequency-changing cyclone compressor as main compressor
1 operating frequency is more than 0.4a, then frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 and frequency-changing cyclone compressor 2 operate simultaneously；When frequency-changing cyclone compresses
The frequency of machine 1 is down to 0.4a or during less than 0.4a, if control temperature still continuous decrease to the difference of target temperature be less than-
At 0.3 degree Celsius, then the frequency-changing cyclone compressor 2 as auxiliary compressor shuts down, the frequency-changing cyclone pressure as main compressor
Contracting machine 1 remains in operation；
Situation two：As the individual operation of frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 for main compressor, frequency is reduced to minimum operating frequency
B, and when controlling temperature T and target temperature Tset difference to be less than -0.5 degree Celsius, frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 shuts down；
Situation three：As the individual operation of frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 for main compressor, frequency has risen to highest operating frequency
A, control temperature T still persistently rise, and are more than 0.3 DEG C with target temperature Tset difference, then the frequency conversion whirlpool as auxiliary compressor
Rotation compressor 2 operates.
Embodiment 2：
The embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and its main distinction is to be additionally provided with heat temperature raising pattern：
When requiring that the refrigeration system belonging to the present invention carries out heat temperature raising, that is, temperature measuring equipment 18 is obtained
Temperature T (refrigeration pattern is wind pushing temperature, frozen mode is return air temperature) and target temperature Tset difference is controlled to be taken the photograph less than -1
When family name spends, the frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 and frequency-changing cyclone compressor 2 of refrigeration system shut down, and electrically heated rod 16 heats, and is
System is in heating mode (refrigeration pattern has heating mode, and frozen mode does not have heating mode), when control temperature T is warming up to Tset
When, stop heating；After stopping heating, if temperature declines, the frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 as main compressor does not start, such as
Fruit temperature continuously rises to be more than Tset+0.3 degrees Celsius, then the frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 as main compressor starts.
Frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 is main compressor in this embodiment, and frequency-changing cyclone compressor 2 is auxiliary compressor, can be with
Understand, to ensure the optimum useful life of the refrigeration system, every month or every at regular intervals according to service condition
Section can exchange, i.e. frequency-changing cyclone compressor 2 is main compressor, and frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 is auxiliary compressor, remaining control method
It is identical with the embodiment, the program also scope of the present invention.
The embodiment according to the characteristics of frozen products insulated container case internal loading and goods preserve requirement, from energy-conservation, temperature control
Precision and system reliability processed etc. are set out, and propose, using double frequency-changing cyclone compressors and its control strategy, have obvious
The advantages of：(1) compressor operation number of units is increased and decreased according to load range, using converter technique and electronic expansion valve technology matching system
Load saves so as to realize；(2) using double frequency-changing cyclone compressors, the operating range bigger than single compressor can be obtained, is kept away
Exempt from compressor because the service life caused by being worked long hours under crossing underload shortens, because frequent when avoiding relatively low system loading
Start-up and shut-down control and the frequently larger temperature fluctuation that brings；(3) setting of main and auxiliary compressor and periodically exchange improve pressure
The service life of contracting machine, it ensure that the higher reliability of system.
Although specifically showing and describing the present invention with reference to preferred embodiment, those skilled in the art should be bright
In vain, do not departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention that appended claims are limited, in the form and details can be right
The present invention makes a variety of changes, and is protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of frozen products insulated container control method of frequency-changing cyclone compressor refrigeration system, the frozen products insulated container frequency-changing cyclone
The refrigeration system of compressor, critical piece include step-by-step movement electric expansion valve, condenser, evaporator, condenser fan, evaporator
Blower fan, subcooler, electrically heated rod；Also include be arranged in parallel two frequency-changing cyclone compressors, for measuring frozen products insulated container case
The temperature measuring equipment and controller of interior temperature；The rated load of every frequency-changing cyclone compressor is respectively frozen products insulated container system
The 50% of the rated load for design of uniting；The import of two frequency-changing cyclone compressors is connected for low-pressure admission mouth, and this two
Frequency-changing cyclone compressor outlet is connected for high pressure outlet air mouth；The controller signal end with temperature measuring equipment, two successively
The control terminal electrical connection of frequency-changing cyclone compressor；
It is characterized in that：Before refrigeration system operating, a frequency-changing cyclone compressor therein is set first as main compressor, it is another
Platform is auxiliary compressor, and main and auxiliary compressor can exchange according to service condition every certain period of time；
Sets target temperature Tset, the first control accuracy e1, the second control accuracy e2 and the 3rd control accuracy e3, and meet e1>
e2>e3>0；Meanwhile the highest operating frequency a and minimum operating frequency b of two frequency-changing cyclone compressors are set；System operates
When, control temperature T that temperature measuring equipment is obtained, if control temperature T and target temperature Tset difference is more than the second control
Precision e2 processed, system are in fast cooling area, and main and auxiliary compressor is operated with same rotational speed simultaneously, and rotating speed gradually increases, until
Reach highest operating frequency and keep, so that control temperature T declines；Control temperature T is dropped between Tset ± e2, and system, which enters, to be become
Frequency modulation warm area, main and auxiliary compressor changed speed operation.
2. control method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In frequency conversion temperature adjustment area, by the fortune for adjusting compressor
Turn frequency and operating number to keep the stabilization of the temperature inside the box, the operating frequency of compressor is by PID controller according to control temperature T
It is adjusted with target temperature Tset difference and the rate of change of the difference, operating number is according to operating frequency and control temperature
The difference of degree and target temperature is adjusted, mainly comprising following several situations：
Situation one：When controlling temperature T to reach target temperature Tset, if the operating frequency of main compressor is more than 0.4a, lead,
Auxiliary compressor operates simultaneously；When the frequency of main compressor is down to 0.4a or during less than 0.4a, if control temperature T still continuous decreases
When being less than-e3 to the difference with target temperature Tset, then auxiliary compressor shuts down, and main compressor remains in operation；
Situation two：When main compressor individual operation, operating frequency is reduced to minimum operating frequency b, and controls temperature T and target temperature
When degree Tset difference is less than-e2, main compressor shuts down；
Situation three：When main compressor individual operation, operating frequency has risen to highest operating frequency a, on control temperature T still continues
Rise, and be more than e3 with target temperature Tset difference, then auxiliary compressor operates.
3. control method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：If T<Tset-e1, then main and auxiliary compressor is equal
Shut down, electrically heated rod heating, system is in heat temperature raising pattern, when controlling temperature T to be warming up to target temperature Tset, stops
Only heat；After stopping heating, if control temperature T declines, compressor does not start, if temperature continuously rises to be more than Tset
+ e3, then main compressor startup.
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| CN111397167B (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2021-11-05 | 广东海悟科技有限公司 | Double-frequency conversion system, control method of frequency conversion compressor of double-frequency conversion system and storage medium |
| CN111765517B (en) * | 2020-06-06 | 2021-10-22 | 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 | Low-temperature starting air conditioning system |
| CN114838522A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-08-02 | 超酷（上海）制冷设备有限公司 | Container and temperature control method |
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| CN102080896A (en) * | 2011-01-24 | 2011-06-01 | 李静 | Electric vehicle air conditioner using vacuum reducer valve (VRV) system |
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