CN105299940A - Refrigeration system of frequency-conversion scroll compressors for refrigeration container and control method for refrigeration system - Google Patents
Refrigeration system of frequency-conversion scroll compressors for refrigeration container and control method for refrigeration system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a refrigeration system of frequency-conversion scroll compressors for a refrigeration container. The refrigeration system mainly comprises a stepping type electronic expansion valve, a condenser, an evaporator, a condenser fan, an evaporator fan, a subcooler and an electric heating rod, and further comprises the two frequency-conversion scroll compressors connected in parallel, a temperature measurement device used for measuring the temperature inside the refrigeration container and a controller. The invention further discloses a control method for the system. The control method comprises a rapid cooling control method, a frequency-conversion temperature adjustment control method and a heating temperature rise control method. The number of the operating compressors is decreased or increased according to the load range. The two frequency-conversion scroll compressors are adopted, so that an operation range larger than that of a single compressor is obtained, and the problems that the service life is shortened due to long-time work of the compressors under too low loads, and frequent and large temperature fluctuation caused by frequent start and stop control under low system loads are avoided. The service life of the compressors is prolonged through the arrangement and regular interchange of the main compressor and the auxiliary compressor, and higher reliability of the system is guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
What this patent related to is a kind of refrigeration system of frozen products insulated container technical field and relevant control method, is that a kind of two frequency-changing cyclone compressor and electric expansion valve of adopting realizes the refrigeration system of capacity regulating (capacitycontrol) and be applied to the control method of this refrigeration system specifically.
Background technology
Refrigerated container transportation is one of most important link of Cold Chain Logistics.Frozen products insulated container at sea or on land transports, be subject to the impact (as different temperature, humidity, solar radiation and wind speed and direction etc.) of various amblent air temperature factor, add the demand (requirement etc. as ventilation) of goods self, the load of system is often among variation.In the most of the time section of transportation, frozen products insulated container system is in part load condition.In order to ensure the stability of the temperature inside the box, require that the refrigerating capacity of refrigeration system must match with the thermic load of system, therefore, the capacity regulating ability of refrigeration system is very important.In addition, the capacity regulating ability of refrigeration system also can the energy consumption of influential system.Because the value of frozen products insulated container institute freight is usually far above freight, therefore, the stable importance of guarantee the temperature inside the box is primary.But energy crisis and environmental crisis cause the importance of energy-saving and emission-reduction to increase gradually, therefore, reducing energy consumption is also a very important factor.
In the refrigeration collection dress refrigeration system come into operation, mainly have employed following two kinds of capacity regulating modes: 1. adopt constant volume compressor and expansion valve (heating power expansion valve or electric expansion valve), add hot-gas bypass and suction modulation; 2. variable conpacitance compressor and electric expansion valve is adopted.In the first capacity regulating mode, compressor adopts reciprocating compressor or scroll compressor usually; In the second capacity regulating mode, compressor adopts digital scroll compressor (screw compressor joins digital control valve), frequency-changing cyclone compressor and variable-frequency reciprocating compressor usually.Adopt the first capacity regulating mode, for the needs of compressor lubrication, the pressure of inspiration(Pi) of compressor can not be too low, otherwise there will be oil return not enough and cause compressor because of lack of lubrication serious wear even damage, therefore, when load is lower, usually hot-gas bypass and suction modulation is aided with, thus ensure that the pressure of inspiration(Pi) of compressor is in rational scope, meet the needs of load coupling, but this mode adds the energy consumption of system simultaneously; When load reduces further, system adopts on off control to protect compressor usually, but this can sacrifice the stability of the temperature inside the box.For above reason, increasing frozen products insulated container adopts variable conpacitance compressor.Adopt the second capacity regulating mode, when compressor is the digital scroll compressor being equipped with digital control valve, due to the size that digital control valve is according to load, opening of a time cycle internal control compressor suction, close time scale, thus formed within the controlled circulation cycle so-called " load phase " and " unloading phase ", during load, compressor works as constant volume screw compressor, transmit whole capacity, it is 100% that compressor exports, during unloading, it is then 0 that compressor exports, that is, when sub-load, compressor during unloading not from evaporimeter air-breathing, also not to condenser exhaust gas, this can cause the fluctuation of evaporating pressure and condensing pressure, thus have influence on temperature controlled precision, in addition, no matter adopt digital scroll compressor, or adopt frequency-changing cyclone compressor or variable-frequency reciprocating compressor, for the needs of protection compressor, when load is lower than 10% (digital vortex or frequency-changing cyclone compressor) or lower than 20% (reciprocating frequency-changeable compressor), refrigeration system adopts on off control usually, and start and stop can affect the service life of associated components and temperature controlled precision frequently.
Frozen products insulated container, in the process of transporting cargo, is in part load condition usually.Because the heat-insulating property of the casing of frozen products insulated container is good, usually 50% is less than to the load of the less demanding goods of ventilation in transportation; In addition, ventilation is required that the goods of very low even a few no requirement (NR) is as meat etc., under the frozen mode of frozen products insulated container, the blower fan that blower fan low cruise produces leakage heat that is hot and casing is very little, make the load of system very low (5% ~ 10%), even cannot meet the minimum requirements of the refrigeration compressor running that existing frozen products insulated container adopts, can only on off control be taked.Based on above analysis, in a lot of times of a lot of goods in actual shipment process, system unit is only needed to provide the capacity of 5% ~ 50%.
Use at the double compressor system once adopted in the art and determine frequency reciprocating compressor, because fault rate is high, vibrations large, energy-saving effect is general, by market.
Summary of the invention
The feature of load variations when running for frozen products insulated container, the present invention aim to provide a kind of can more reliably, more energy-conservation and temperature controls more stable refrigeration system, thus increase the service life of frozen products insulated container refrigeration system associated components, the economy of raising system, improves the preservation quality of goods simultaneously and reduces goods damage.
Concrete scheme is: a kind of refrigeration system of frozen products insulated container frequency-changing cyclone compressor, and its critical piece comprises step-by-step movement electric expansion valve, condenser, evaporimeter, condenser fan, evaporator fan, subcooler, electrically heated rod; Also comprise be arranged in parallel two frequency-changing cyclone compressors, for measuring temperature measuring equipment and the controller of frozen products insulated container the temperature inside the box; The rated load of every platform frequency-changing cyclone compressor is respectively 50% of the rated load of frozen products insulated container system; The import of these two frequency-changing cyclone compressors is connected for low-pressure admission mouth, and these two frequency-changing cyclone compressor outlets are connected for high pressure outlet air mouth; Described controller is electrically connected with the signal end of temperature measuring equipment, the control end of two frequency-changing cyclone compressors successively.
The present invention also disclosed the control method of the refrigeration system being applied to above-mentioned frozen products insulated container frequency-changing cyclone compressor: before refrigeration system running, first the frequency-changing cyclone compressor set wherein is main compressor, another is auxiliary compressor, main and auxiliary compressor every month or can exchange according to the every section at regular intervals of service condition.
Further control method of the present invention is: before refrigeration system running, setting target temperature Tset, the first control accuracy e1, the second control accuracy e2 and the 3rd control accuracy e3, and meet e1>e2>e3>0; Meanwhile, the highest operating frequency a of compressor and minimum operating frequency b is set; During system running, the control temperature T that temperature measuring equipment obtains, if the difference of control temperature T and design temperature Tset be greater than the second control accuracy e2, system is in fast cooling district, main and auxiliary compressor operates with same rotational speed simultaneously, and rotating speed increases gradually, until reach the highest operating frequency and keep, decline to make control temperature T; Control temperature T drops between Tset ± e2, and system enters frequency conversion temperature adjustment district, main and auxiliary compressor changed speed operation.
Wherein, frequency conversion temperature adjustment district control method is: in frequency conversion temperature adjustment district, the stable of the temperature inside the box is kept by the operating frequency and operating number regulating compressor, the operating frequency of compressor is adjusted according to control temperature T and the difference of target temperature Tset and the rate of change of this difference by PID controller, mainly comprises following several situation:
Situation one: when measuring tempeature T reaches design temperature Tset, if the operating frequency of main compressor is greater than 0.4a, then main and auxiliary compressor operates simultaneously; When the frequency of main compressor be down to 0.4a or lower than 0.4a time, if still continuous decrease is to when being less than-e3 with the difference of design temperature Tset for control temperature T, then auxiliary compressor shuts down, and main compressor remains in operation;
Situation two: when main compressor individual operation, operating frequency has been down to minimum operating frequency b, and when the difference of control temperature T and design temperature Tset is less than-e2, main compressor shuts down;
Situation three: when main compressor individual operation, operating frequency has risen to the highest operating frequency a, and control temperature T still continues to rise, and is greater than e3 with the difference of design temperature, then auxiliary compressor running.
Further technical scheme of the present invention is also comprise heat temperature raising pattern, if T<Tset-e1, then main and auxiliary compressor all shuts down, and electrically heated rod heats, and system is in heat temperature raising pattern, when control temperature T is warmed up to Tset, stop heating; After stopping heating, if control temperature T declines, then compressor does not start, if temperature continues to rise to be greater than Tset+e3, then main compressor starts.
The requirement that the present invention preserves according to the feature of frozen products insulated container case internal loading and goods, from energy-conservation, the aspect such as temperature control precision and system reliability, propose to adopt two frequency-changing cyclone compressor and control strategy thereof, there is obvious advantage: (1), according to load range increase and decrease compressor operation number of units, adopts converter technique and electronic expansion valve technology matching system load thus realizes energy-conservation; (2) two frequency-changing cyclone compressor is adopted, the operating range larger than single compressor can be obtained, avoid compressor because working long hours under underload and service life of causing shortens crossing, the temperature fluctuation larger frequently brought because of on off control frequently when avoiding lower system loading; (3) setting of main and auxiliary compressor and regularly exchange improve the service life of compressor, the reliability that the system that ensure that is higher.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of a kind of frozen products insulated container frequency-changing cyclone compressor of the present invention refrigeration system.
Detailed description of the invention
For further illustrating each embodiment, the invention provides drawings attached.These accompanying drawings are a part for disclosure of the present invention, and it is mainly in order to illustrate embodiment, and the associated description of description can be coordinated to explain the operation principles of embodiment.Coordinate with reference to these contents, those of ordinary skill in the art will be understood that other possible embodiments and advantage of the present invention.Assembly in figure not drawn on scale, and similar element numbers is commonly used to assembly like representation class.
Now the present invention is further described with detailed description of the invention by reference to the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, the double-compressor temperature control system of this embodiment mainly comprises the frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 and frequency-changing cyclone compressor 2, condenser 11, subcooler 4, step-by-step movement electric expansion valve 20 and evaporimeter 12 that are arranged in parallel, above-mentioned each parts are connected in series and conducting successively, form refrigerant circulation loop:
In this embodiment, frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 and frequency-changing cyclone compressor 2 are two frequency-changing cyclone compressors of same specification; The import of frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 and the inlet communication of frequency-changing cyclone compressor 2 are low-pressure admission mouth, the outlet of frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 and the outlet of frequency-changing cyclone compressor 2 are high pressure outlet air mouth, and two frequency-changing cyclone compressors access in refrigerant circulation loop by low pressure admission mouth and high pressure outlet air mouth; Controller (not shown) is electrically connected with the control end of the signal end of temperature measuring equipment 18, frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 and frequency-changing cyclone compressor 2 successively.
Frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 and frequency-changing cyclone compressor 2 same specification, the rated load of every compressor is 50% of system nominal load, 10% of this compressor rated load is generally with reference to the lowest capacity regulating power of single compressor in prior art, therefore, single compressor can bear system loading within the scope of 5%-50%.By controlling the rotating speed of compressor and the operating number of compressor, thus control the cryogen flow of refrigeration unit, can within the scope of 5%-100% matching system load.
The control method of the frozen products insulated container frequency-changing cyclone compressor refrigeration system of this embodiment is as follows:
Before the refrigeration system belonging to the present invention is run, frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 is set for main compressor, frequency-changing cyclone compressor 2 is auxiliary compressor, the highest operating frequency arranging main compressor is a, minimum operating frequency is b, Offered target temperature Tset, the first control accuracy e1, the second control accuracy e2, the 3rd control accuracy e3.In this embodiment, the first control accuracy e1 is 1 degree Celsius, and the second control accuracy e2 is 0.5 degree Celsius, and the 3rd control accuracy e3 is 0.3 degree Celsius, and target temperature is Tset.
When the refrigeration system belonging to the present invention is in fast cooling district, namely frozen products insulated container the temperature inside the box of obtaining of temperature measuring equipment 18, namely (refrigeration pattern is wind pushing temperature to control temperature T, frozen mode is return air temperature) with the difference of target temperature Tset be greater than 0.5 degree Celsius time, frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 and frequency-changing cyclone compressor 2 are by startup optimization, refrigerant vapour is discharged after frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 and frequency-changing cyclone compressor 2 compress, and enter condenser 11, when pressure at expulsion reach pressure is set time, first condenser fan 13, second condenser fan 15 will start, the refrigerant vapour of high temperature is cooled fast.The liquid refrigerant flowed out from condenser 11 enters reservoir 10, is got up by unnecessary refrigerant storage; This reservoir 10 is provided with fusible plug 9, as safety guard.Cold-producing medium needed for system flows out from reservoir 10, two-way is divided into after device for drying and filtering 8 and liquid visor 7, lead up to subcooler liquid supply electromagnetic valve 5, and the aperture that this route thermometer bulb 3 controls heating power expansion valve 6 controls the cryogen flow flowing into subcooler 4, liquid refrigerant after heating power expansion valve 8 after expenditure and pressure, enter vaporization heat absorption in subcooler 4, finally flow to screw compressor 1 and frequently screw compressor 2 frequently, for this compressor body of cooling; Another road cold-producing medium improves after degree of supercooling through subcooler 4 and enters step-by-step movement electric expansion valve 20, evaporimeter 12 is entered through expenditure and pressure, first evaporator fan 14, second evaporator fan 17 is started at a high speed by the temperature model arranged according to frozen products insulated container or low or first gear runs.Cold-producing medium flows out after heat absorption vaporized by evaporimeter 12, directly enters frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 and frequency-changing cyclone compressor 2; Evaporimeter 12 exit arranges pressure sensor joint 19.
In the process of fast cooling, frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 and frequency-changing cyclone compressor 2 are simultaneously with same rotational speed running, and rotating speed increases gradually, until transport maximum frequency a keeping, until control temperature T drops in the degree Celsius range of Tset ± 0.5, to enter frequency conversion temperature adjustment district.
When refrigeration system of the present invention is in frequency conversion temperature adjustment district, when the control temperature T (refrigeration pattern be wind pushing temperature, frozen mode be return air temperature) that namely temperature measuring equipment 18 obtains is in the degree Celsius range of Tset ± 0.5, the operating frequency of compressor is adjusted according to control temperature T and the difference of target temperature Tset and the rate of change of this difference by PID controller, operating number then adjusts according to the difference of operating frequency and control temperature and target temperature, and the operation of the remaining part of refrigeration system is identical with fast cooling district.
The control method process of the frequency conversion temperature adjustment of this embodiment has following several situation:
Situation one: when control temperature T reaches target temperature Tset, if be greater than 0.4a as the operating frequency of the frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 of main compressor, then frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 and frequency-changing cyclone compressor 2 operate simultaneously; When the frequency of frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 be down to 0.4a or lower than 0.4a time, if control temperature still continuous decrease to be less than-0.3 degree Celsius with the difference of target temperature time, frequency-changing cyclone compressor 2 then as auxiliary compressor shuts down, and the frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 as main compressor remains in operation;
Situation two: when frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 individual operation as main compressor, frequency has been down to minimum operating frequency b, and when the difference of control temperature T and target temperature Tset is less than-0.5 degree Celsius, frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 shuts down;
Situation three: when frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 individual operation as main compressor, frequency has risen to the highest operating frequency a, control temperature T still continues to rise, and is greater than 0.3 DEG C with the difference of target temperature Tset, then the frequency-changing cyclone compressor 2 as auxiliary compressor operates.
Embodiment 2:
This embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and its main distinction is for be also provided with heat temperature raising pattern:
When requiring the refrigeration system belonging to the present invention to carry out heat temperature raising, namely the control temperature T (refrigeration pattern be wind pushing temperature, frozen mode be return air temperature) that obtains of temperature measuring equipment 18 and target temperature Tset difference lower than-1 degree Celsius time, frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 and the frequency-changing cyclone compressor 2 of refrigeration system all shut down, electrically heated rod 16 heats, system is in heating mode, and (refrigeration pattern has heating mode, frozen mode does not have heating mode), when control temperature T is warmed up to Tset, stop heating; After stopping heating, if temperature declines, then the frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 as main compressor does not start, if temperature continues to rise to be greater than Tset+0.3 degree Celsius, then the frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 as main compressor starts.
Frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 is main compressor in this embodiment; frequency-changing cyclone compressor 2 is auxiliary compressor; be understandable that; for ensureing the optimum useful life of this refrigeration system; every month or can exchange according to the every section at regular intervals of service condition, namely frequency-changing cyclone compressor 2 is main compressor, and frequency-changing cyclone compressor 1 is auxiliary compressor; all the other control methods are identical with this embodiment, and the program is scope also.
The requirement that this embodiment is preserved according to the feature of frozen products insulated container case internal loading and goods, from energy-conservation, the aspect such as temperature control precision and system reliability, propose to adopt two frequency-changing cyclone compressor and control strategy thereof, there is obvious advantage: (1), according to load range increase and decrease compressor operation number of units, adopts converter technique and electronic expansion valve technology matching system load thus realizes energy-conservation; (2) two frequency-changing cyclone compressor is adopted, the operating range larger than single compressor can be obtained, avoid compressor because working long hours under underload and service life of causing shortens crossing, the temperature fluctuation larger frequently brought because of on off control frequently when avoiding lower system loading; (3) setting of main and auxiliary compressor and regularly exchange improve the service life of compressor, the reliability that the system that ensure that is higher.
Although specifically show in conjunction with preferred embodiment and describe the present invention; but those skilled in the art should be understood that; not departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention that appended claims limits; can make a variety of changes the present invention in the form and details, be protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a refrigeration system for frozen products insulated container frequency-changing cyclone compressor, its critical piece comprises step-by-step movement electric expansion valve, condenser, evaporimeter, condenser fan, evaporator fan, subcooler, electrically heated rod; It is characterized in that: also comprise be arranged in parallel two frequency-changing cyclone compressors, for measuring temperature measuring equipment and the controller of frozen products insulated container the temperature inside the box; The rated load of every platform frequency-changing cyclone compressor is respectively 50% of the rated load of frozen products insulated container system; The import of these two frequency-changing cyclone compressors is connected for low-pressure admission mouth, and these two frequency-changing cyclone compressor outlets are connected for high pressure outlet air mouth; Described controller is electrically connected with the signal end of temperature measuring equipment, the control end of two frequency-changing cyclone compressors successively.
2. one kind is applied to the control method of the refrigeration system of frozen products insulated container frequency-changing cyclone compressor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: before refrigeration system running, first the frequency-changing cyclone compressor set wherein is main compressor, another is auxiliary compressor, main and auxiliary compressor every month or can exchange according to the every section at regular intervals of service condition.
3. control method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: before refrigeration system running, setting target temperature Tset, the first control accuracy e1, the second control accuracy e2 and the 3rd control accuracy e3, and meet e1>e2>e3>0; Meanwhile, the highest operating frequency a of this frequency-changing cyclone compressor and minimum operating frequency b is set; During system running, the control temperature T that temperature measuring equipment obtains, if the difference of control temperature T and design temperature Tset be greater than the second control accuracy e2, system is in fast cooling district, main and auxiliary compressor operates with same rotational speed simultaneously, and rotating speed increases gradually, until reach the highest operating frequency and keep, decline to make control temperature T; Control temperature T drops between Tset ± e2, and system enters frequency conversion temperature adjustment district, main and auxiliary compressor changed speed operation.
4. control method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: in frequency conversion temperature adjustment district, the stable of the temperature inside the box is kept by the operating frequency and operating number regulating compressor, the operating frequency of compressor is adjusted according to control temperature T and the difference of target temperature Tset and the rate of change of this difference by PID controller, operating number adjusts according to the difference of operating frequency and control temperature and target temperature, mainly comprises following several situation:
Situation one: when measuring tempeature T reaches design temperature Tset, if the operating frequency of main compressor is greater than 0.4a, then main and auxiliary compressor operates simultaneously; When the frequency of main compressor be down to 0.4a or lower than 0.4a time, if still continuous decrease is to when being less than-e3 with the difference of design temperature Tset for control temperature T, then auxiliary compressor shuts down, and main compressor remains in operation;
Situation two: when main compressor individual operation, operating frequency has been down to minimum operating frequency b, and when the difference of control temperature T and design temperature Tset is less than-e2, main compressor shuts down;
Situation three: when main compressor individual operation, operating frequency has risen to the highest operating frequency a, and control temperature T still continues to rise, and is greater than e3 with the difference of design temperature, then auxiliary compressor running.
5. the control method according to claim 3 or 4, is characterized in that: if T<Tset-e1, then main and auxiliary compressor all shuts down, electrically heated rod heats, system is in heat temperature raising pattern, when control temperature T is warmed up to Tset, stops heating; After stopping heating, if control temperature T declines, then compressor does not start, if temperature continues to rise to be greater than Tset+e3, then main compressor starts.
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| CN105299940B (en) | 2017-11-10 |
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