CN114838522A - Container and temperature control method - Google Patents
Container and temperature control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114838522A CN114838522A CN202210414616.8A CN202210414616A CN114838522A CN 114838522 A CN114838522 A CN 114838522A CN 202210414616 A CN202210414616 A CN 202210414616A CN 114838522 A CN114838522 A CN 114838522A
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- refrigeration
- refrigeration system
- temperature
- control method
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 182
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 135
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 27
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003124 biologic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013526 supercooled liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B29/00—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously
- F25B29/003—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously of the compression type system
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D88/00—Large containers
- B65D88/74—Large containers having means for heating, cooling, aerating or other conditioning of contents
- B65D88/745—Large containers having means for heating, cooling, aerating or other conditioning of contents blowing or injecting heating, cooling or other conditioning fluid inside the container
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of containers, and discloses a container and a temperature control method, wherein the container comprises a container body, at least two refrigeration systems, at least two heating elements and at least two evaporation fans, each refrigeration system comprises a compressor, a condenser, a throttling element and an evaporator which are connected in series, each refrigeration system can operate independently or simultaneously, each heating element can operate independently or simultaneously, the refrigeration systems, the heating elements and the evaporation fans are arranged in groups, and the evaporators and the heating elements in the same group are arranged on the air inlet sides of the evaporation fans in the same group, so that the evaporation fans can blow cold air or hot air into the container body, and the temperature in the container can be kept constant and the reliability is high. According to the temperature control method, in the refrigeration mode, when the temperature in the box body reaches a first preset temperature, at least one group of the evaporation fan and the condensation system is kept on, and when the refrigeration time reaches the first preset time, all the refrigeration systems are turned off.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of containers, in particular to a container and a temperature control method.
Background
The transportation of the aviation cold chain mainly utilizes an airplane with a cargo hold or a full cargo aircraft to load a container compatible with the aircraft or the full cargo aircraft, completes the air transportation by virtue of a cooling medium, a temperature control transportation tool and related auxiliary materials, and is used as an extension of ground transportation of refrigerated trucks and the like to expand the coverage range of the cold chain.
The prior art discloses a refrigeration system and a container, the refrigeration system comprises a plurality of independent refrigeration loops, each refrigeration loop is connected in series with a compressor, a condenser, a throttling device and a heat exchange tube section, the plurality of heat exchange tube sections are jointly arranged on a plurality of fins arranged at intervals, therefore, the occupied space of evaporator fins is reduced, when one or more refrigeration loops are in failure, the rest refrigeration loops can continue to supply cold in a circulating manner, and the reliability of the refrigeration system is improved.
However, with the increasing variety of goods to be transported, new requirements are being placed on the performance of containers, and for example, in order to maintain the activity of biological products when transporting the products such as biological products and biological agents, it is required that the containers have not only a cooling function but also a heating function so that the temperature in the containers can be maintained constant, and that the constant temperature function has high reliability. Therefore, it is desirable to provide a container and a temperature control method to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a container which has both a cooling effect and a heating effect, and in which the temperature in the container body can be maintained constant, and the container has a constant temperature function with high reliability.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a shipping container, comprising:
a box body;
the refrigeration system comprises at least two refrigeration systems, each refrigeration system comprises a compressor, a condenser, a throttling element and an evaporator which are connected in series, and each refrigeration system can be operated independently or simultaneously;
at least two heating elements, each heating element capable of operating individually or simultaneously;
at least two evaporation fans, the refrigerating system, the heating element and the evaporation fans are arranged in groups, the evaporators and the heating elements in the same group are arranged on the air inlet side of the evaporation fans in the same group, and the evaporation fans can blow cold air or hot air into the box body.
Optionally, the refrigeration system further comprises a defrost valve, an inlet of the defrost valve being in communication with an outlet of the compressor, an outlet of the defrost valve being in communication with an inlet of the evaporator.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a temperature control method, which can effectively reduce refrigeration energy consumption while improving the temperature stability of a container in a container refrigeration mode, thereby reducing refrigeration cost and transportation cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
when the container is in a cooling mode, the control method comprises the following steps:
starting all evaporation fans and all refrigeration systems;
when the temperature in the box body reaches a first preset temperature, at least one group of evaporation fans and refrigeration systems are kept in an open state, and the other groups of evaporation fans and refrigeration systems are closed;
and when the refrigerating time reaches the first preset time, closing all the refrigerating systems.
Optionally, when the container is in the cooling mode, the control method further comprises:
before all the evaporation fans and all the refrigeration systems are started, defrosting valves and all the compressors of all the refrigeration systems are started;
and when the opening time of the defrosting valves reaches a second preset time, closing all the defrosting valves and then opening all the evaporation fans.
Optionally, when the container is in a heating mode, the control method comprises:
starting all the evaporation fans and all the heating elements;
when the temperature in the box body reaches a second preset temperature, at least one group of evaporation fans and heating elements are kept in an open state, and the other groups of evaporation fans and heating elements are closed;
when the heating time reaches the third preset time, all the heating elements are turned off.
Optionally, if the container is in the accurate temperature control mode, the evaporation fan in the open state is always kept in the open state.
Optionally, when the container is in the cooling mode, the control method further comprises:
when the current or the voltage of the compressor of the running refrigerating system is abnormal, the controller of the refrigerating system checks whether the current or the voltage of the compressor of the other refrigerating systems is normal, and if the current or the voltage of the compressor of the other refrigerating systems is normal, the refrigerating system is started.
Optionally, when the container is in the cooling mode, the control method further comprises:
when the pressure of the running refrigeration system is higher than a first pressure preset value, the controller of the refrigeration system checks whether the pressure of the other groups of refrigeration systems is higher than the first pressure preset value, and if not, the refrigeration system is started.
Optionally, when the container is in the cooling mode, the control method further comprises:
and when the pressure of the running refrigeration system is lower than the second pressure preset value, the controller of the refrigeration system checks whether the pressure of the other groups of refrigeration systems is lower than the second pressure preset value, and if not, the refrigeration system is started.
Optionally, when the container is in the heating mode, the control method further comprises:
when the current or voltage of the heating element in operation is abnormal, the controller of the refrigeration system checks whether the current or voltage of the heating elements of the other groups is normal, and if the current or voltage of the heating element is normal, the heating element is started.
Has the advantages that:
the container provided by the invention comprises a container body, at least two refrigeration systems, at least two heating elements and at least two evaporation fans, wherein each refrigeration system comprises a compressor, a condenser, a throttling element and an evaporator which are connected in series, each refrigeration system can operate independently or simultaneously, each heating element can operate independently or simultaneously, the refrigeration systems, the heating elements and the evaporation fans are arranged in groups, and the evaporators and the heating elements in the same group are arranged on the air inlet sides of the evaporation fans in the same group, so that the evaporation fans can blow cold air or hot air into the container body, the container can be refrigerated or heated, and the use requirement of constant temperature in the container is further met; and the container is provided with at least two refrigeration systems and at least two heating elements, when one refrigeration system and/or one heating element is in failure, other refrigeration systems and/or other heating elements can continue to work, and the reliability of the constant temperature function of the container is effectively improved.
The invention also provides a temperature control method, which is applied to the container, when the container is in a refrigeration mode, all the evaporation fans and all the refrigeration systems are started, when the temperature in the container body reaches a first preset temperature, at least one group of evaporation fans and refrigeration systems are kept in an open state, so that the at least one group of evaporation fans and refrigeration systems continuously provide cold energy for the container, the effect of delayed closing of at least one group of evaporation fans and refrigeration systems after the preset temperature of refrigeration is reached is realized, the stability of temperature maintenance in the refrigeration mode of the container is improved, meanwhile, the other groups of evaporation fans and refrigeration systems are closed, the refrigeration energy consumption is effectively reduced while the stability of the temperature maintenance of the container is improved, and the effects of reducing the refrigeration cost and the transportation cost are achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a refrigeration system provided in accordance with the present embodiment;
fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the container provided in this embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the container according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a first schematic structural diagram of the container provided by the present embodiment with the container body omitted;
fig. 5 is a second structural schematic diagram of the container provided by the embodiment with the box body omitted.
In the figure:
100. a box body; 210. a compressor; 210-1, a first compressor; 210-2, a second compressor; 220. a condenser; 220-1, a first condenser; 220-2, a second condenser; 230. a throttling element; 230-1, a first throttling element; 230-2, a second throttling element; 240. an evaporator; 240-1, a first evaporator; 240-2, a second evaporator; 250. a defrost valve; 250-1, a first defrost valve; 250-2, a second defrost valve; 300. a heating element; 300-1, a first heating element; 300-2, a second heating element; 400. an evaporation fan; 400-1, a first evaporation fan; 400-2, a second evaporation fan; 510. a support frame; 520. a heat preservation liner; 600. a condensing fan; 600-1, a first condensing fan; 600-2 and a second condensing fan; 700. and a controller.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, removably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", etc. are used in an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings only for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and are not intended to have a special meaning.
The embodiment provides a container, and this container has refrigeration effect and heating effect simultaneously, makes the temperature in its box can maintain invariable to, this container constant temperature function's reliability is higher.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the container includes a container body 100, at least two refrigeration systems, at least two heating elements 300, and at least two evaporation fans 400, each refrigeration system includes a compressor 210, a condenser 220, a throttling element 230, and an evaporator 240 connected in series, each refrigeration system can be operated independently or simultaneously, each heating element 300 can be operated independently or simultaneously, the refrigeration systems, the heating elements 300, and the evaporation fans 400 are arranged in groups, and the evaporators 240 and the heating elements 300 in the same group are all disposed on an air inlet side of the evaporation fans 400, so that the evaporation fans 400 can blow cold air or hot air into the container body 100 to achieve the effect that the container can both refrigerate and heat, when the temperature in the container is higher than a set temperature, the refrigeration systems and the evaporation fans 400 are turned on, and the evaporation fans 400 blow cold air into the container to achieve the effect of cooling, when the temperature in the container is lower than the set temperature, the heating element 300 and the evaporation fan 400 are started, and the evaporation fan 400 blows hot air into the container to achieve the effect of temperature rise, so that the use requirement of constant temperature in the container is met; moreover, the container is provided with at least two refrigeration systems and at least two heating elements 300, the at least two refrigeration systems can be operated independently or together, the at least two heating elements 300 can be operated independently or together, when one refrigeration system and/or one heating element 300 is in failure, the rest refrigeration systems and/or the rest heating elements 300 can continue to operate, and the reliability of the constant temperature function of the container is effectively improved.
Optionally, the heating element 300 is a PTC heater, which has the advantages of small thermal resistance, high heat exchange efficiency, and the like, and the PTC heater can effectively improve the heating efficiency of the container and reduce the heating energy consumption. It is understood that in other embodiments, the heating element 300 may be other heaters such as an electrical heating tube.
Alternatively, the throttling element 230 is an expansion valve, and in other embodiments, the throttling element 230 may also be a ball float valve, an orifice plate, or the like.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the refrigeration system further includes a defrost valve 250, an inlet of the defrost valve 250 is communicated with an outlet of the compressor 210, an outlet of the defrost valve 250 is communicated with an inlet of the evaporator 240, when a frosting phenomenon occurs on fins of the evaporator 240, if the frosting is not removed in time, the frosting on the fins may reduce heat exchange efficiency of the evaporator, and energy consumption of the compressor may also be increased, at this time, the defrost valve 250 is opened, so that a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged from the compressor 210 directly enters the evaporator 240 through the defrost valve 250, and the fins of the evaporator 240 absorb heat of a refrigerant in the evaporator 240 and then melt to defrost, thereby increasing heat exchange efficiency of the evaporator 240 and reducing energy consumption of the compressor 210.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the refrigeration system further includes a dry filter, an inlet of the dry filter is communicated with an outlet of the condenser 220, an outlet of the dry filter is communicated with an inlet of the throttling element 230, a possibility that the liquid refrigerant discharged from the condenser 220 contains impurities (such as various metal oxides, dust, and the like) and moisture exists, and the dry filter is disposed between the condenser and the throttling element to filter the liquid refrigerant discharged from the condenser, so as to filter the moisture and the impurities in the liquid refrigerant, so as to reduce a failure rate of the refrigeration system.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the refrigeration system further includes a low-pressure switch and a high-pressure switch, the low-pressure switch is disposed at an inlet of the compressor 210, the high-pressure switch is disposed at an outlet of the compressor 210, the high-pressure switch is configured to prevent the refrigeration system from being overloaded in pressure, the low-pressure switch is configured to prevent the refrigeration system from being leaked or blocked, and when the system pressure is too high or too low, shutdown protection of the system is implemented to prevent the refrigeration system from being further damaged.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the evaporator 240, the evaporation fan 400 and the heating element 300 are all disposed outside the container body 100, so that the evaporator 240, the evaporation fan 400 and the heating element 300 are omitted to occupy the internal space of the container body 100, and the effective volume of the container is increased. This can be done on the container body 100 side when one or more of the evaporator 240, the evaporator fan 400 and the heating element 300 needs to be serviced or replaced.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the container provided in this embodiment further includes an insulation bladder 520, an inner cavity of the insulation bladder 520 is communicated with an inner side of the container body 100, and the evaporation fan 400 is fixed in the inner cavity of the insulation bladder 520. The heat preservation function is played for the gas entering the evaporation fan 400 and the gas exhausted from the evaporation fan 400, and the loss of cold and heat is reduced.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the end surface of the inner cavity of the thermal insulation bladder 520 is flush with the inner wall of the container body 100, so as to reduce the internal space occupied by the thermal insulation bladder 520 in the container body 100, and further increase the effective volume of the container.
Preferably, the outer wall of the thermal insulation liner 520 is hermetically connected to the inner wall of the box 100, so as to avoid heat loss at the joint between the thermal insulation liner 520 and the box 100, and further improve the thermal insulation performance of the thermal insulation liner 520.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the container provided in this embodiment further includes a support frame 510, and the refrigeration system, the heating element 300, and the evaporation fan 400 are all integrally installed on the support frame 510, thereby implementing an integrated structural design of the refrigeration system, the heating element 300, and the evaporation fan 400, and this structure can effectively reduce the length of the refrigerant pipeline between the evaporator 240 and the condenser 220, and further reduce the loss of cooling capacity at the refrigerant pipeline, and has an effect of improving the refrigeration efficiency of the refrigeration system, and the difficulty is also reduced for the installation and maintenance of the refrigeration system, the heating element 300, and the evaporation fan 400 by the integrated structural arrangement.
Optionally, the condenser 220 is disposed on an air inlet side of the condensing fan 600 to improve heat exchange efficiency of the condenser 220, so as to improve refrigeration efficiency of the refrigeration system.
Optionally, the refrigeration system further includes a controller 700, the compressor 210, the defrost valve 250, the high-pressure switch, the low-pressure switch, the heating element 300, the evaporation fan 400, and the condensation fan 600 are all in signal connection with the controller 700, the start and stop of the refrigeration system, the heating element 300, the evaporation fan 400, and the condensation fan 600 are controlled by the controller 700, so as to realize automatic control of the refrigeration condition, the defrost condition, and the heating condition, and when one refrigeration system and/or one heating element 300 fails, the controller 700 controls the start of the other refrigeration systems and/or the heating elements 300.
In the technical solution provided in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the evaporator 240, the evaporation fan 400 and the heating element 300 are all installed in the inner cavity of the heat preservation liner 520, the condenser 220 and the condensation fan 600 are all installed on the support frame 510, the support frame 510 is installed on the outer wall of the container body 100, the evaporator 240, the evaporation fan 400, the heating element 300, the heat preservation liner 520, the condenser 220 and the condensation fan 600 are all installed on the outer side of the container body 100, and the end surface of the inner cavity of the heat preservation liner 520 is flush with and hermetically connected to the inner wall of the container body 100, thereby not only realizing the integrated design of the refrigeration system and the heating element, but also effectively improving the space utilization rate in the container and improving the cargo carrying capacity of the container.
In the technical solution provided in this embodiment, the number of the refrigeration system, the number of the heating element 300, and the number of the evaporation fan 400 are two, and in other embodiments, the number of the refrigeration system, the number of the heating element 300, and the number of the evaporation fan 400 may be three, four, or five, etc., which is determined according to actual situations.
In the technical solution provided in this embodiment, the refrigeration principle and the defrosting principle of each refrigeration system are the same, and the heating principle of each heating element 300 is the same, and the following is a brief description of the working principles of the container under three working conditions, namely refrigeration, defrosting and heating, with respect to one refrigeration system and one heating element 300 as an example:
in a refrigeration working condition, the refrigeration system is started, the low-pressure gas refrigerant is compressed into a high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant by the compressor 210 → the refrigerant enters the condenser 220 to be cooled into a high-pressure super-cooled liquid refrigerant → the refrigerant enters the drying filter to filter impurities and water → the refrigerant enters the throttling element 230 to be decompressed into a gas-liquid mixed state refrigerant → the refrigerant enters the evaporator 240 to absorb heat to become a high-temperature low-pressure gas refrigerant → the refrigerant enters the compressor 210 to be compressed into a high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant, and therefore the refrigerant completes a refrigeration cycle and performs refrigeration work repeatedly.
In the defrosting mode, the compressor 210 is started, the defrosting valve 250 is opened, the low-pressure gas refrigerant is compressed into a high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant by the compressor 210 → the refrigerant enters the evaporator 240 through the defrosting valve 250 → the refrigerant in the evaporator 240 releases heat to become a low-temperature gas refrigerant, and the evaporator 240 fins defrost → the low-temperature gas refrigerant enters the compressor 210 to be compressed into a high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant, so that the refrigerant completes a defrosting cycle and performs defrosting operation repeatedly.
When the heating working condition is met, the heating element 300 and the evaporation fan 400 are started, the heating element 300 heats surrounding air into high-temperature air, the evaporation fan 400 blows the high-temperature air into the container body 100, and the heating element 300 and the evaporation fan 400 continuously work to perform heating work.
Optionally, the container refrigeration system and the battery system adopted by the heating element 300 provided by the embodiment adopt a CAN protocol to collect the state information of the battery pack and adopt the controller 700 to perform control management, such as battery capacity, battery capacity and the like, and when the battery capacity is lower than 30%, the controller 700 controls an alarm and the alarm lamp flashes.
The embodiment also provides a temperature control method for the container, which can effectively reduce refrigeration energy consumption while improving the temperature maintenance stability of the container in a container refrigeration mode, and further has the effects of reducing refrigeration cost and transportation cost.
Specifically, when the container is in a cooling mode, the control method comprises the following steps:
starting all the evaporation fans 400 and all the refrigeration systems;
monitoring the temperature inside the cabinet 100, and comparing the temperature inside the cabinet 100 with a first preset temperature (i.e., a refrigerating preset temperature);
when the temperature in the box body 100 reaches a first preset temperature, at least one group of the evaporation fans 400 and the refrigeration system is kept in an open state, and the other groups of the evaporation fans 400 and the refrigeration system are closed;
and when the refrigerating time reaches the first preset time, closing all the refrigerating systems.
The temperature control method realizes the effect of delayed closing of at least one group of the evaporation fans 400 and the refrigeration system after the preset refrigeration temperature is reached, improves the stability of temperature maintenance in the container refrigeration mode, and simultaneously closes the other groups of the evaporation fans 400 and the refrigeration systems, thereby effectively reducing the refrigeration energy consumption while improving the stability of temperature maintenance of the container and having the effects of reducing the refrigeration cost and the transportation cost.
In the technical solution provided in this embodiment, the first preset time period is 2h, and in other embodiments, the first preset time period may be set according to actual situations.
Alternatively, if the container is in the precise temperature control mode, the evaporation fan 400 in the above-mentioned open state is always kept in the open state. During the transportation cold-stored article, generally the distribution homogeneity requirement to the temperature in the container is higher, but the accurate temperature control mode of this moment selection, and evaporation fan 400 remains the open mode throughout for gas flow velocity in the container for gas in the container remains the state that the circulation flows throughout, in order to reach the effect that improves the temperature distribution homogeneity.
Further, if the container is in the normal temperature control mode, all the refrigeration systems and all the evaporation fans 400 are turned off when the refrigeration duration reaches the first preset duration. When transporting frozen goods, the requirement on the distribution uniformity of the temperature in the container is low, at the moment, a common temperature control mode can be selected, the evaporation fan 400 and the refrigerating system are closed together, and the energy loss is reduced as much as possible while the temperature requirement of the transported goods is met.
Optionally, when the container is in the cooling mode, the control method further comprises:
before all the evaporation fans 400 and all the refrigeration systems are started, all the defrosting valves 250 and all the compressors 210 are started;
when the opening time period of the defrost valve 250 reaches the second preset time period, all the defrost valves 250 are closed, and then all the evaporation fans 400 are opened.
Before each refrigeration cycle, a defrosting mode is started for a certain time, the compressor of the system is unloaded and started, the energy consumption for starting the compressor 210 is reduced, and the service life of the compressor 210 is prolonged. It can be understood that when the container is in the cooling mode and the precise temperature control mode, only when the defrost valve 250 is opened, all the evaporation fans 400 are in the closed state, and when the defrost valve 250 is closed, at least one group of the evaporation fans 400 are in the open state.
In the technical solution provided in this embodiment, the second preset time period is 3s, and in other embodiments, the second preset time period may be set separately according to actual situations.
Optionally, when the container is in the cooling mode, the temperature control method further comprises:
when the controller 700 monitors that the current or the voltage of the compressor 210 of the running refrigeration system is abnormal, the controller 700 closes the refrigeration system and displays a fault code, and simultaneously checks whether the current or the voltage of the compressors of the other groups of refrigeration systems is normal, if so, the controller 700 controls the group of refrigeration systems to start, so that the mutual backup running of the refrigeration systems is realized, when the compressor of one refrigeration system is in fault, the controller 700 detects the compressors of the other refrigeration systems and starts the refrigeration systems with the normal compressors, the reliability of cold supply of the container is improved, meanwhile, the problem of continuous running of the fault compressor is avoided, and the refrigeration system is well protected.
Optionally, when the container is in the cooling mode, the temperature control method further comprises:
when the pressure of the running refrigeration system is higher than a first pressure preset value (namely the highest pressure value of the system), the controller 700 of the refrigeration system closes the refrigeration system and displays a fault code, meanwhile, whether the pressure of the other groups of refrigeration systems is higher than the first pressure preset value is checked, if not, the refrigeration system is opened to prevent the refrigeration system from running in an overload mode, when the refrigeration system is in an overload condition, under the control of the controller 700, the system can automatically close the overloaded refrigeration system, select and open the refrigeration system without overload, so that the refrigeration system is protected, and the cold quantity supply of the container is ensured.
Optionally, when the container is in the cooling mode, the temperature control method further comprises:
when the pressure of the running refrigeration system is higher than the second pressure preset value (namely the lowest pressure value of the system), the controller 700 of the refrigeration system closes the refrigeration system and displays a fault code, meanwhile, whether the pressure of the other groups of refrigeration systems is lower than the second pressure preset value is checked, if not, the refrigeration system is opened to prevent the refrigeration system from continuously leaking or blocking, when the refrigeration system leaks or blocks, under the control of the controller 700, the system can automatically close the leaked or blocked refrigeration system, and select and open the refrigeration system without leakage or blocking, so that the refrigeration system is protected, and meanwhile, the cold quantity supply of the container is ensured.
Optionally, when the container is in a heating mode, the temperature control method for the container includes:
turning on all the evaporation fans 400 and all the heating elements 300;
monitoring the temperature in the box body, and comparing the temperature in the box body with a second preset temperature (namely a heating preset temperature);
when the temperature in the box body reaches a second preset temperature, at least one group of the evaporation fans 400 and the heating elements 300 are kept in an open state, and the other groups of the evaporation fans 400 and the heating elements 300 are closed;
when the heating time period reaches the third preset time period, all the heating elements 300 are turned off.
According to the temperature control method, after the preset heating temperature is reached, at least one group of the evaporation fans 400 and the heating elements 300 continuously work, so that the stability of temperature maintenance in the container heating mode is improved, meanwhile, the evaporation fans 400 and the heating elements 300 in the other groups are closed, the stability of container temperature maintenance is improved, the heating energy consumption is effectively reduced, and the effects of reducing the heating cost and the transportation cost are achieved.
In the technical solution provided in this embodiment, the third preset time period is 2h, and in other embodiments, the third preset time period may be set according to actual situations.
Alternatively, if the container is in the precise temperature control mode, the evaporation fan 400 in the on state is always kept in the on state. That is, when the container is in the heating mode and the precise temperature control mode, at least one set of the evaporation fans 400 is always on. If the requirement of the transported goods on the uniformity of temperature distribution is high, an accurate temperature control mode can be selected, so that the evaporation fan 400 is always kept in an open state, the flowing speed of gas in the container is accelerated, the gas in the container is always kept in a circular flowing state, and the effect of improving the uniformity of temperature distribution is achieved.
Further, if the container is in the normal temperature control mode, all the heating elements 300 and all the evaporation fans 400 are turned off when the heating time reaches the third preset time. Under the heating condition, if the requirement of the transported goods on the temperature distribution uniformity is low, a common temperature control mode can be selected, so that the evaporation fan 400 and the heating element 300 are closed together, the temperature requirement of the transported goods is met, and the energy loss is reduced as much as possible.
Optionally, when the container is in a heating mode, the temperature control method for the container includes:
when the controller 700 monitors that the current or voltage of the heating element 300 in operation is abnormal, the controller closes the heating element 300 and displays a fault code, and simultaneously checks whether the current or voltage of the heating elements 300 of the other groups is normal, if so, the controller controls the heating element 300 to start, thereby realizing the mutual backup operation of the heating elements 300, when one heating element 300 is in fault, the controller 700 checks the other heating elements 300 and starts the heating element 300 without fault, thereby improving the reliability of heat supply of the container, simultaneously avoiding the problem of continuous operation of the heating element 300 with fault, playing a good role in protecting the heating element 300, and improving the use safety of the container.
Optionally, the temperature control method provided in this embodiment further includes an automatic mode, and when the container is in the automatic mode, the control method includes:
monitoring the return air temperature of the evaporation fan 400, comparing the return air temperature with a third preset temperature (namely, a constant-temperature preset temperature), and entering the refrigeration mode control program if the return air temperature is higher than the third preset temperature; and if the return air temperature is lower than a third preset temperature, entering the heating mode control program, thereby realizing the automatic temperature control function of the container.
The following briefly describes the above temperature control method by taking two refrigeration systems, two heating elements 300, two evaporation fans 400 and two condensation fans 600 as examples:
for the sake of distinction, the two refrigeration systems may be regarded as a first refrigeration system and a second refrigeration system. The components in the first refrigeration system can be considered as a first compressor 210-1, a first condenser 220-1, a first throttling element 230-1, a first evaporator 240-1, and a first defrost valve 250-1; the components in the second refrigeration system can be considered as a second compressor 210-2, a second condenser 220-2, a second throttling element 230-2, a second evaporator 240-2, and a second defrost valve 250-2. The two heating elements may be considered a first heating element 300-1 and a second heating element 300-2. The two evaporation fans may be regarded as a first evaporation fan 400-1 and a second evaporation fan 400-2. The two condensing fans may be regarded as a first condensing fan 600-1 and a second condensing fan 600-2.
When the container is in a refrigeration mode, opening the first defrosting valve 250-1, the second defrosting valve 250-2, the first compressor 210-1 and the second compressor 210-2, enabling the refrigeration system to enter a defrosting state, and when the opening time reaches 3s, closing the first defrosting valve 250-1 and the second defrosting valve 250-2, and closing the defrosting mode;
then, starting a first evaporation fan 400-1, a second evaporation fan 400-2, a first condensation fan 600-1 and a second condensation fan 600-2, and enabling the refrigeration system to enter a refrigeration state;
detecting the temperature in the box body 100, and comparing the temperature in the box body 100 with a first preset temperature (namely a refrigeration preset temperature);
when the temperature in the box body 100 is equal to a first preset temperature, keeping the first evaporation fan 400-1, the first condensation fan 600-1 and the first compressor 210-1 in an opening state, and closing the second evaporation fan 400-2, the second condensation fan 600-2 and the second compressor 210-2;
when the starting time of the first evaporation fan 400-1, the first condensation fan 600-1 and the first compressor 210-1 reaches 2h, the first condensation fan 600-1 and the first compressor 210-1 are closed;
if the container is in the accurate temperature control mode, the first evaporation fan 400-1 is always kept in an open state;
if the container is in the normal temperature control mode, the first evaporation fan 400-1, the first condensation fan 600-1 and the first compressor 210-1 are turned off together.
When the controller 700 monitors that the voltage or current of the first compressor 210-1 is abnormal, the controller 700 turns off the first refrigeration system and detects whether the voltage or current of the second compressor 210-2 is normal, and if so, turns on the second refrigeration system.
When the first high-voltage switch sends a high-voltage signal to the controller 700, the controller 700 turns off the first refrigeration system and detects whether the second high-voltage switch sends the high-voltage signal, and if not, turns on the second refrigeration system.
When the first low-voltage switch sends a low-voltage signal to the controller 700, the controller 700 turns off the first refrigeration system and detects whether the second low-voltage switch sends the low-voltage signal, and if not, turns on the second refrigeration system.
When the container is in a heating mode, starting a first evaporation fan 400-1, a second evaporation fan 400-2, a first heating element 300-1 and a second heating element 300-2;
monitoring the temperature in the box body 100, and comparing the temperature in the box body 100 with a second preset temperature (namely, a heating preset temperature);
when the temperature in the box body 100 is equal to a second preset temperature, keeping the first evaporation fan 400-1 and the first heating element 300-1 in an opening state, and closing the second evaporation fan 400-2 and the second heating element 300-2;
when the turn-on time of the first evaporation fan 400-1 and the first heating element 300-1 reaches 2h, turning off the first heating element 300-1;
if the container is in the accurate temperature control mode, the first evaporation fan 400-1 is always kept in an open state;
if the container is in the normal temperature control mode, the first evaporation fan 400-1 and the first heating element 300-1 are turned off together.
When the controller 700 monitors that the current or voltage of the first heating element 300-1 is abnormal, the controller 700 turns off the first heating element 300-1 and displays a fault code, and at the same time, detects whether the current or voltage of the second heating element 300-2 is normal, and turns on the second heating element 300-2 if the current or voltage is normal.
When the container is in an automatic mode, the return air temperature of the first evaporation fan 400-1 and/or the second evaporation fan 400-2 is compared with a third preset temperature (namely, the constant temperature preset temperature), and if the return air temperature is higher than the third preset temperature, the refrigeration mode control program is entered; and if the return air temperature is lower than a third preset temperature, entering the heating mode control program, and thus realizing the automatic temperature control function of the container.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Numerous obvious variations, adaptations and substitutions will occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. This need not be, nor should it be exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A container, comprising:
a case (100);
at least two refrigeration systems, each comprising in series a compressor (210), a condenser (220), a throttling element (230), and an evaporator (240), each of said refrigeration systems being capable of operating individually or simultaneously;
at least two heating elements (300), each of said heating elements (300) being capable of operating individually or simultaneously;
the refrigeration system, the heating element (300) and the evaporation fan (400) are arranged in groups, the evaporators (240) and the heating elements (300) in the same group are arranged on the air inlet side of the evaporation fans (400) in the same group, and the evaporation fans (400) can blow cold air or hot air into the box body (100).
2. The container according to claim 1, wherein the refrigeration system further comprises a defrost valve (250), an inlet of the defrost valve (250) being in communication with an outlet of the compressor (210), an outlet of the defrost valve (250) being in communication with an inlet of the evaporator (240).
3. A method of controlling the temperature of a container as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein when the container is in a cooling mode, the method comprises:
turning on all of the evaporation fans (400) and all of the refrigeration systems;
when the temperature in the box body (100) reaches a first preset temperature, at least one group of the evaporation fan (400) and the refrigeration system is kept in an open state, and the other groups of the evaporation fan (400) and the refrigeration system are closed;
and when the refrigerating time reaches a first preset time, closing all the refrigerating systems.
4. The temperature control method of claim 3, wherein when the container is in a cooling mode, the control method further comprises:
before all the evaporation fans (400) and all the refrigeration systems are started, all the defrosting valves (250) of the refrigeration systems and all the compressors (210) are started;
when the opening time of the defrosting valve (250) reaches a second preset time, all the defrosting valves (250) are closed, and then all the evaporation fans (400) are opened.
5. The temperature control method of claim 3, wherein when the container is in a heating mode, the control method comprises:
turning on all of the evaporation fans (400) and all of the heating elements (300);
when the temperature in the box body reaches a second preset temperature, at least one group of the evaporation fan (400) and the heating element (300) is kept to be in an on state, and the other groups of the evaporation fan (400) and the heating element (300) are closed;
when the heating time period reaches a third preset time period, all the heating elements (300) are turned off.
6. The temperature control method according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the evaporation fan (400) in an on state is always kept in an on state if the container is in a precise temperature control mode.
7. The temperature control method of any one of claims 3-5, wherein when the container is in a cooling mode, the control method further comprises:
when the current or the voltage of the compressor (210) of the running refrigeration system is abnormal, the controller of the refrigeration system checks whether the current or the voltage of the compressor (210) of the other groups of refrigeration systems is normal, and if the current or the voltage of the compressor (210) of the other groups of refrigeration systems is normal, the refrigeration system is started.
8. The temperature control method of any one of claims 3-5, wherein when the container is in a cooling mode, the control method further comprises:
when the pressure of the refrigeration system in operation is higher than a first pressure preset value, the controller of the refrigeration system checks whether the pressure of the refrigeration systems in the rest groups is higher than the first pressure preset value, and if not, the refrigeration system is started.
9. The temperature control method of any one of claims 3-5, wherein when the container is in a cooling mode, the control method further comprises:
when the pressure of the refrigeration system in operation is lower than a second pressure preset value, a controller of the refrigeration system checks whether the pressure of the refrigeration systems of the other groups is lower than the second pressure preset value, and if not, the refrigeration system is started.
10. The temperature control method according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein when the container is in a heating mode, the control method further comprises:
when the current or voltage of the heating element (300) in operation is abnormal, the controller of the refrigeration system checks whether the current or voltage of the heating element (300) of the rest groups is normal, and if the current or voltage of the heating element (300) of the rest groups is normal, the heating element (300) is started.
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| CN202210414616.8A CN114838522A (en) | 2022-04-15 | 2022-04-15 | Container and temperature control method |
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| CN202210414616.8A CN114838522A (en) | 2022-04-15 | 2022-04-15 | Container and temperature control method |
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