CN105297032A - Method preventing marine organisms from adhering to surface of titanium or titanium alloy - Google Patents
Method preventing marine organisms from adhering to surface of titanium or titanium alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN105297032A CN105297032A CN201510870977.3A CN201510870977A CN105297032A CN 105297032 A CN105297032 A CN 105297032A CN 201510870977 A CN201510870977 A CN 201510870977A CN 105297032 A CN105297032 A CN 105297032A
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- seawater
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method preventing marine organisms from adhering to the surface of titanium or titanium alloy. The method comprises the steps that titanium material and copper material are closely placed in an attached mode so as to obtain a galvanic corrosion structure, and then the galvanic corrosion structure is placed in seawater; the ratio of the surface area of the part, immersed into the seawater, of the titanium material in the galvanic corrosion structure to the surface area of the part, immersed into the seawater, of the copper material in the galvanic corrosion structure is 1-100 to 1, wherein the titanium material is commercial pure titanium, and the copper material is commercial pure copper or copper alloy. According to the invention, the titanium material and the copper material generate galvanic corrosion in the seawater, so that corrosion of the copper material is accelerated and a lot of copper ions and cuprous oxide are generated, the copper ions and the cuprous oxide are spread to the surface of the adjacent titanium material, and therefore the marine organisms can be prevented from adhering to the surface of the titanium material.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the applied technical field of titanium material in ocean, be specifically related to a kind of method preventing titanium or titanium alloy surface attachment marine life.
Background technology
The difficult problem that marine settings runs in process is under arms the attachment of marine life and stained problem.Various marine organisms, as barnacle, algae, oyster, mussel, lime worm, Enteromorpha etc. can ship housing, marine structure, aquaculture net cage etc. on the surface non-selectivity big area adhere to.The adhesion of marine life can increase hull bottom roughness, causes ship resistance to increase, and the energy consumption of boats and ships is aggravated with discharge, brings high risks to ship's navigation.According to statistics, shell stained 5% under waterline, fuel by increasing consumption 10%, stained 10%, fuel, by increasing consumption 20%, is stainedly greater than 50%, and fuel is by increasing consumption more than 40%.The adhesion of marine life can accelerate the stained corrosion of the structural part such as maritime facilities, building, significantly shortens its life-span.The fouling organism of these adhesions can cause pH value, oxyty and other solvency concentration spatially skewness in its adhering zone, thus changes speed and the process of metallic material corrosion.Fouling organism also can accelerate process and the speed of galvanic corrosion.It is reported, due to the Anaerobic Corrosion that sea marine organism pollution causes, the U.S. causes the loss of 50 ~ 6,000,000,000 dollars every year.In the face of the serious harm of marine life, people have studied many marine lifes that prevents and adhere, and reduce stained method.
Antifouling paint is one adopted method very early, stanniferous coating poisonous in early days gradually replace by Tin-free Spc Anti-fouling Paint, as Red copper oxide (Cu
2o) stain control agent, heterocyclic sterilization, mould inhibitor etc.The construction of brushing antifouling paint is complicated, and the life-span is short.Anti-fouling electrolyze sea water has life-span long, the hypochlorite ion that generates to advantages such as sea pollution are few compared with antifouling paint method, but complex structure, need additional electrolysis power, to not having, the environment of electric energy is inapplicable.People are found by the phenomenal research of " be positioned over copper product surface in seawater and or less can not have sea organism attachment ", and cupric ion and Red copper oxide can suppress the attachment of marine life.Copper product is by becoming cupric ion with the reaction of seawater, and cupric ion can reduce the activation of apoenzyme in living organism, to shorten bio-longevity.Red copper oxide can kill larva and the spore of marine life.Research shows, when the rate of release of copper is greater than 10 μ g/ (cm further again
2d) barnacle can be suppressed time to adhere to; When the rate of release of copper is greater than 10 ~ 20 μ g/ (cm
2d) hydra, jellyfish attachment can be suppressed; When the rate of release of cupric ion is greater than 20 ~ 40 μ g/ (cm
2d) algae can be suppressed to adhere to; When the rate of release of cupric ion is greater than 40 μ g/ (cm
2d) bacterial adhesion can be prevented; When cupric ion rate of release is greater than 50 μ g/ (cm
2d), time, most sea organism attachment can be suppressed.Therefore, the attachment of marine life can just effectively be suppressed by the rate of release controlling Copper Sea Waters ion, when the rate of release of cupric ion is greater than 50 μ g/ (cm
2d), time, just most sea organism attachment can be suppressed.According to these research, be developed electrolytic copper-aluminium (iron) antifouling and electrolytic chlorine-copper, aluminium anti-fouling method, generated containing Red copper oxide, Al (OH) by the electrolysis of seawater electrolysis matter
3, available chlorine, reach the object preventing sea organism attachment, equally, these two kinds of method complex structures, need electric energy.
Titanium alloy has low density, the performance that high strength and seawater corrosion resistance etc. are excellent, is widely used in ocean thermal energy conversion, sea water desaltination, oil-gas mining, naval vessel, the oceanographic engineering fields such as aquaculture, is described as " marine metal " by people.Titanium alloy has good biocompatibility, and be the desirable habitat of marine life, therefore, the biodeterioration problem of titanium alloy in oceanographic engineering is more serious than other metallic substance.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is for above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, a kind of method preventing titanium or titanium alloy surface attachment marine life is provided, the method utilizes titanium material and copper product in the seawater galvanic corrosion phenomena to occur, make copper product accelerated corrosion, produce a large amount of cupric ions and Red copper oxide, these cupric ions and Red copper oxide are diffused into adjacent titanium material surface, and marine life can be suppressed in the attachment of titanium material surface.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of method preventing titanium or titanium alloy surface attachment marine life, it is characterized in that, the method is: titanium material and copper product are fitted tightly placement, obtain galvanic corrosion structure, then described galvanic corrosion structure is placed in seawater; The ratio that titanium material in described galvanic corrosion structure immerses the surface area that the surface area in seawater immerses in seawater with the copper product in described galvanic corrosion structure is (1 ~ 100): 1, described titanium material is industrially pure titanium or titanium alloy, and described copper product is industrial pure copper or copper alloy.
A kind of above-mentioned method preventing titanium or titanium alloy surface attachment marine life, it is characterized in that, the ratio that the titanium material in described galvanic corrosion structure immerses the surface area that the surface area in seawater immerses in seawater with the copper product in described galvanic corrosion structure is (1 ~ 40): 1.
A kind of above-mentioned method preventing titanium or titanium alloy surface attachment marine life, is characterized in that, described titanium material and the equal any surface finish of copper product and smooth.
A kind of above-mentioned method preventing titanium or titanium alloy surface attachment marine life, it is characterized in that, described industrially pure titanium is TA1 industrially pure titanium or TA2 industrially pure titanium, and described titanium alloy is TC4 titanium alloy, Ti80 titanium alloy, Ti75 titanium alloy or Ti90 titanium alloy.
A kind of above-mentioned method preventing titanium or titanium alloy surface attachment marine life, it is characterized in that, described industrial pure copper is T1 red copper, T2 red copper, TU1 oxygen free copper, TUP deoxidized copper or TU2 oxygen free copper, and described copper alloy is HSi3-1 silicon bronze or HA177-2A brass.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1, the present invention utilizes titanium material and copper product in the seawater galvanic corrosion phenomena to occur, make copper product accelerated corrosion, produce a large amount of cupric ions and Red copper oxide, these cupric ions and Red copper oxide are diffused into adjacent titanium material surface, and marine life can be suppressed in the attachment of titanium material surface.
2, theoretical foundation of the present invention is: in corrosive medium, the corrosion that metal and the higher another kind of metallic contact of current potential occur is galvanic corrosion, titanium corrosion potential in 25 DEG C of flowing seawaters is about 0.1V (SCE), and brass corrosion potential in 25 DEG C of flowing seawaters is about-0.4V (SCE), when titanium and copper contact with each other and are in seawater, because titanium and copper exist potential difference, they form galvanic couple, just there occurs galvanic corrosion, the copper that current potential is low is subject to accelerated corrosion, the titanium that current potential is high obtains protection, namely do not corrode, copper is subject to accelerated corrosion and generates the cupric ion and Red copper oxide that can suppress marine growth, these cupric ions and Red copper oxide are diffused into titanium surface, effectively inhibit the generation of titanium surface marine life, the reaction occurred is as follows:
Cu+2Cl
—=CuCl
2 —+e
2CuCl
2 —+H
2O=Cu
2O+4Cl
—+2H
+
2Cu+O
2+2H
2O+Cl
—=Cu
2(OH)
3Cl+OH
—
Chlorion in copper and seawater reacts and generates solvable CuCl
2 -, CuCl
2 -hydrolysis generates the inhibited Cu of the generation of marine life
2o, the water in copper and seawater and chlorion react and generate basic copper chloride, basic copper chloride continuous copper ion releasing in the seawater, cause the accelerated corrosion of copper constantly to carry out because of galvanic corrosion, Cu due to this
2o and cupric ion can constantly generate, and therefore, can realize the protection to titanium material over time, and the condition of reaction terminating is that copper product has been corroded completely, but can restart reaction by changing copper product;
Copper has good corrosion resisting property in the seawater, that is the cupric ion discharged by the corrosion of seawater is in the seawater less, and scholar's research finds, at China's South China Sea, purple Copper and its alloy year erosion rate is in the seawater all lower, and within 1 year, test-results is: 5.6 ~ 44 × 10
-3mm/a, within 4 years, test-results is: 2.2 ~ 19 × 10
-3mm/a, within 8 years, test-results is: 2.4 ~ 15 × 10
-3mm/a, can find out, not only erosion rate is low, and erosion rate prolongation is in time reduction trend simultaneously, adopt galvanic corrosion structure of the present invention, the corrosion of copper obtains acceleration, under test conditions of the present invention, the accelerated corrosion test average result of copper is: testing average result half a year is 11.2mm/a, within 1 year, test average result is 12.8mm/a, a year and a half test average result is 11.5mm/a, within 2 years, test average result is 13.2mm/a, two-and-a-half years test average result is 14.6mm/a, within 3 years, test average result is 18.2mm/a, can find out, galvanic corrosion structure accelerates the erosion rate of copper, the erosion rate of copper continues to remain on more than 11.2mm/a, it is more than 200 times of copper product erosion rate in the seawater, and prolongation is in time in the trend increased, under the state of this acceleration copper corrosion, the maximum rate of release of cupric ion is greater than 27mg/cm
2d, much larger than the minimum cupric ion rate of release 50 μ g/cm that can suppress most sea organism attachment
2d.
3, titanium material and copper product being fitted tightly in the present invention is placed in seawater, because titanium material and copper product exist potential difference, both define galvanic couple, there occurs galvanic corrosion, the corrosion region of copper is defined on the copper product surface that current potential is low, the corrosion of seawater to copper generates cupric ion and Red copper oxide, cupric ion and Red copper oxide are diffused into titanium material surface, inhibit the attachment of titanium material surface marine life, reach the object of protection titanium material, the surface area being immersed seawater by adjustment titanium material and copper product immerse the ratio of the surface area of seawater, the erosion rate of copper product is controlled, effectively can control the quantity of copper corrosion product (cupric ion and Red copper oxide), to realize the object that titanium material surface effectively suppresses marine growth, the method structure is simple, do not need additional power source, easy to use, safe and reliable.
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic cross-section that in galvanic corrosion structure of the present invention, titanium material and copper product fit tightly place.
Fig. 2 is the schematic cross-section after galvanic corrosion structure of the present invention immersion Copper Sea Waters material is corroded.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The method that the present embodiment prevents titanium or titanium alloy surface from adhering to marine life is: titanium material and copper product are fitted tightly placement, obtains galvanic corrosion structure, then described galvanic corrosion structure is placed in seawater; The ratio that titanium material in described galvanic corrosion structure immerses the surface area that the surface area in seawater immerses in seawater with the copper product in described galvanic corrosion structure is 5:1, described titanium material is TA1 industrially pure titanium, described copper product is T1 red copper, preferably, described titanium material and copper product are any surface finish and smooth sheet material; Preferably adopt the mode of binding that described titanium material and copper product are fitted tightly placement in the present embodiment.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2; titanium material and copper product being fitted tightly in the present embodiment is placed in seawater; because titanium material and copper product exist potential difference; both define galvanic couple, there occurs galvanic corrosion, define the corrosion region of copper on the copper product surface that current potential is low; the corrosion of seawater to copper generates cupric ion and Red copper oxide; cupric ion and Red copper oxide are diffused into titanium material surface, inhibit the attachment of titanium material surface marine life, reach the object of protection titanium material.
Detection shows, the galvanic corrosion structure of the present embodiment is greater than 8mg/cm at the rate of release of the Copper Sea Waters of 20 DEG C
2d, the minimum being diffused into the copper of titanium material surface reaches 0.2mg/cm
2d, and titanium material surface is without the attachment of marine life.
Embodiment 2
The method that the present embodiment prevents titanium or titanium alloy surface from adhering to marine life is: titanium material and copper product are fitted tightly placement, obtains galvanic corrosion structure, then described galvanic corrosion structure is placed in seawater; The ratio that titanium material in described galvanic corrosion structure immerses the surface area that the surface area in seawater immerses in seawater with the copper product in described galvanic corrosion structure is 10:1, described titanium material is TC4 titanium alloy, described copper product is TU1 oxygen free copper, preferably, described titanium material and copper product are any surface finish and smooth sheet material; Preferably adopt the mode of binding that described titanium material and copper product are fitted tightly placement in the present embodiment.
Detection shows, the galvanic corrosion structure of the present embodiment is greater than 22mg/cm at the rate of release of the Copper Sea Waters of 20 DEG C
2d, the minimum being diffused into the copper of titanium material surface reaches 0.5mg/cm
2d, and titanium material surface is without the attachment of marine life.
Embodiment 3
The method that the present embodiment prevents titanium or titanium alloy surface from adhering to marine life is: titanium material and copper product are fitted tightly placement, obtains galvanic corrosion structure, then described galvanic corrosion structure is placed in seawater; The ratio that titanium material in described galvanic corrosion structure immerses the surface area that the surface area in seawater immerses in seawater with the copper product in described galvanic corrosion structure is 30:1, described titanium material is Ti80 titanium alloy, described copper product is TUP deoxidized copper, preferably, described titanium material and copper product are any surface finish and smooth sheet material; Preferably adopt the mode of binding that described titanium material and copper product are fitted tightly placement in the present embodiment.
Detection shows, the galvanic corrosion structure of the present embodiment is greater than 26mg/cm at the rate of release of the Copper Sea Waters of 20 DEG C
2d, the minimum being diffused into the copper of titanium material surface reaches 0.8mg/cm
2d, and titanium material surface is without the attachment of marine life.
Embodiment 4
The method that the present embodiment prevents titanium or titanium alloy surface from adhering to marine life is: titanium material and copper product are fitted tightly placement, obtains galvanic corrosion structure, then described galvanic corrosion structure is placed in seawater; The ratio that titanium material in described galvanic corrosion structure immerses the surface area that the surface area in seawater immerses in seawater with the copper product in described galvanic corrosion structure is 20:1, described titanium material is Ti75 titanium alloy, described copper product is HSi3-1 silicon bronze, preferably, described titanium material and copper product are any surface finish and smooth sheet material; Preferably adopt the mode of binding that described titanium material and copper product are fitted tightly placement in the present embodiment.
Detection shows, the galvanic corrosion structure of the present embodiment is greater than 15mg/cm at the rate of release of the Copper Sea Waters of 20 DEG C
2d, the minimum being diffused into the copper of titanium material surface reaches 0.6mg/cm
2d, and titanium material surface is without the attachment of marine life.
Embodiment 5
The method that the present embodiment prevents titanium or titanium alloy surface from adhering to marine life is: titanium material and copper product are fitted tightly placement, obtains galvanic corrosion structure, then described galvanic corrosion structure is placed in seawater; The ratio that titanium material in described galvanic corrosion structure immerses the surface area that the surface area in seawater immerses in seawater with the copper product in described galvanic corrosion structure is 40:1, described titanium material is Ti90 titanium alloy, described copper product is HA177-2A brass, preferably, described titanium material and copper product are any surface finish and smooth sheet material; Preferably adopt the mode of binding that described titanium material and copper product are fitted tightly placement in the present embodiment.
Detection shows, the galvanic corrosion structure of the present embodiment is greater than 32mg/cm at the rate of release of the Copper Sea Waters of 20 DEG C
2d, the minimum being diffused into the copper of titanium material surface reaches 0.9mg/cm
2d, and titanium material surface is without the attachment of marine life.
Embodiment 6
The method that the present embodiment prevents titanium or titanium alloy surface from adhering to marine life is: titanium material and copper product are fitted tightly placement, obtains galvanic corrosion structure, then described galvanic corrosion structure is placed in seawater; The ratio that titanium material in described galvanic corrosion structure immerses the surface area that the surface area in seawater immerses in seawater with the copper product in described galvanic corrosion structure is 1:1, described titanium material is TA2 industrially pure titanium, described copper product is T2 red copper, preferably, described titanium material and copper product are any surface finish and smooth sheet material; Preferably adopt the mode of binding that described titanium material and copper product are fitted tightly placement in the present embodiment.
Detection shows, the galvanic corrosion structure of the present embodiment is greater than 1.2mg/cm at the rate of release of the Copper Sea Waters of 20 DEG C
2d, the minimum being diffused into the copper of titanium material surface reaches 0.5mg/cm
2d, and titanium material surface is without the attachment of marine life.
Embodiment 7
The method that the present embodiment prevents titanium or titanium alloy surface from adhering to marine life is: titanium material and copper product are fitted tightly placement, obtains galvanic corrosion structure, then described galvanic corrosion structure is placed in seawater; The ratio that titanium material in described galvanic corrosion structure immerses the surface area that the surface area in seawater immerses in seawater with the copper product in described galvanic corrosion structure is 100:1, described titanium material is Ti80 titanium alloy, described copper product is TU2 oxygen free copper, preferably, described titanium material and copper product are any surface finish and smooth sheet material; Preferably adopt the mode of binding that described titanium material and copper product are fitted tightly placement in the present embodiment.
Detection shows, the galvanic corrosion structure of the present embodiment is greater than 63mg/cm at the rate of release of the Copper Sea Waters of 20 DEG C
2d, the minimum being diffused into the copper of titanium material surface reaches 0.07mg/cm
2d, and titanium material surface is without the attachment of marine life.
The above; it is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; not the present invention is imposed any restrictions, every above embodiment is done according to the technology of the present invention essence any simple modification, change and equivalent structure change, all still belong in the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. prevent a method for titanium or titanium alloy surface attachment marine life, it is characterized in that, the method is: titanium material and copper product are fitted tightly placement, obtains galvanic corrosion structure, then described galvanic corrosion structure is placed in seawater; The ratio that titanium material in described galvanic corrosion structure immerses the surface area that the surface area in seawater immerses in seawater with the copper product in described galvanic corrosion structure is (1 ~ 100): 1, described titanium material is industrially pure titanium or titanium alloy, and described copper product is industrial pure copper or copper alloy.
2. according to a kind of method preventing titanium or titanium alloy surface attachment marine life according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the ratio that the titanium material in described galvanic corrosion structure immerses the surface area that the surface area in seawater immerses in seawater with the copper product in described galvanic corrosion structure is (1 ~ 40): 1.
3. according to a kind of method preventing titanium or titanium alloy surface attachment marine life according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described titanium material and the equal any surface finish of copper product and smooth.
4. according to a kind of method preventing titanium or titanium alloy surface attachment marine life according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described industrially pure titanium is TA1 industrially pure titanium or TA2 industrially pure titanium, and described titanium alloy is TC4 titanium alloy, Ti80 titanium alloy, Ti75 titanium alloy or Ti90 titanium alloy.
5. according to a kind of method preventing titanium or titanium alloy surface attachment marine life according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described industrial pure copper is T1 red copper, T2 red copper, TU1 oxygen free copper, TUP deoxidized copper or TU2 oxygen free copper, and described copper alloy is HSi3-1 silicon bronze or HA177-2A brass.
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Application publication date: 20160203 |