A kind of 304L stainless steel metal powder injection forming method
Technical field
The present invention relates to Metal Injection Molding field, be specifically related to a kind of 304L stainless steel metal powder injection forming method.
Background technology
Metal powder injection molded (MetalInjectionMolding, MIM) is the manufacturing process be injected in by the plasticising compound of metal dust and its binding agent in model.It is in prior powder metallurgy technical foundation, creatively combines the injection molding technology of plastics industry and the emerging forming technique grown up.MIM can the very complicated part of production shape, can obtain to greatest extent net shape part and need not follow-up machined or only need, with minimum machined, be applicable to producing in enormous quantities, production efficiency is high.
Powder injection forming stainless steel has good corrosion resistance, is widely used in the industries such as machinery, chemical industry, boats and ships, automobile, instrument and meter.Patent 201110164890.6 discloses the disposable forming technology of a kind of light communicating component seat, describe 304 stainless injection molding processes, but what adopt is solvent degreasing and thermal debinding, its skimming processes more complicated, degreasing speed is slow, skimmed prod easily produces defect, distortion, and the dimensional accuracy of product and surface accuracy not ideal enough.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of 304L stainless steel metal powder injection forming method, the 304L stainless steel parts of higher dimensional precision and surface accuracy can be obtained, need not follow-up machined, and production cost is low.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of 304L stainless steel metal powder injection forming method, comprises the following steps:
(1) 304L powder of stainless steel and binding agent are carried out mixing after granulate on comminutor, make feeding;
(2) feeding that step (1) obtains is added injection moulding in injection machine, prepare blank;
(3) blank that step (2) obtains is placed in catalysis degreasing stove and makees catalyst with nitric acid gas and carry out catalysis degreasing, it is 1.6 ~ 2.5L/h that nitric acid gas passes into speed, it is 2 ~ 2.5L/h that nitrogen passes into speed, skimming temp is 100 ~ 130 DEG C, degreasing time is 3 ~ 6h, obtains degreasing base;
(4) be placed in vacuum sintering furnace by the degreasing base that step (3) obtains and carry out atmosphere technique sintering, described atmosphere technique sintering is divided into successively in negative pressure degreasing, vacuum and burns and force cooling three phases; The technological parameter in negative pressure degreasing stage is: in vacuum sintering furnace, vacuum values is 2.7 × 10
3~ 4.3 × 10
3pa, passes into the nitrogen that flow is 25 ~ 35L/h, is warming up to 1000 ~ 1100 DEG C with the heating rate of 2 ~ 6 DEG C/min, insulation 90 ~ 120min; In vacuum, the technological parameter in burning stage is: in vacuum sintering furnace, vacuum values is 0.92 ~ 4.1Pa, passes into the argon gas that flow is 20 ~ 28L/h, is warming up to 1350 ~ 1370 DEG C with 5 ~ 10 DEG C/min heating rate, insulation 120 ~ 240min; The technological parameter of pressure cooling stage is: pass into the argon gas that flow is 20 ~ 28L/h, be cooled to room temperature with the rate of temperature fall of 3 ~ 5 DEG C/min; Obtained 304L stainless steel parts.
As the preferred technical solution of the present invention, in described step (1), the component of binding agent and percentage by weight are: polyformaldehyde 86% ~ 91%, high density polyethylene (HDPE) 4% ~ 8%, polypropylene 2% ~ 5%, paraffin 3% ~ 5%.
As the preferred technical solution of the present invention, in described step (1), the particle mean size of 304L powder of stainless steel is 9 ~ 11 μm.
As the preferred technical solution of the present invention, in described step (1), the volume ratio of 304L powder of stainless steel and binding agent is 1: 2 ~ 1: 4.
As the preferred technical solution of the present invention, in described step (1), melting temperature is 165 ~ 195 DEG C, and mixing time is 1.5 ~ 2h.
As the preferred technical solution of the present invention, in described step (2), injection temperature is 160 ~ 190 DEG C, and injection pressure is 60 ~ 127MPa, and mould temperature is 112 ~ 125 DEG C.
As the preferred technical solution of the present invention, in described step (3), the degreasing rate of degreasing base is 7.2% ~ 7.3%.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
The blank of 304L powder of stainless steel and binding agent injection moulding is first made catalyst with nitric acid gas and carries out catalysis degreasing by the present invention, carry out the atmosphere technique sintering of syllogic again, the 304L stainless steel parts dimensional accuracy of final acquisition is high, surface accuracy is high, impulse-free robustness phenomenon, and present invention, avoiding the complicated technology of solvent degreasing and thermal debinding, production efficiency is high, production cost is low.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect clearly, the invention provides following accompanying drawing and being described:
Fig. 1 is the process chart of 304L stainless steel metal powder injection forming method of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.
304L is low carbon stainless steel material, and the 304L powder of stainless steel that following examples use is produced by Shijiazhuang Li De dusty material Co., Ltd, and the particle mean size of 304L powder of stainless steel is 9 ~ 11 μm.
Embodiment 1
The 304L stainless steel metal powder injection forming method of embodiment 1, comprises the following steps:
(1) according to following percentage by weight preparation binding agent: polyformaldehyde 86%, high density polyethylene (HDPE) 8%, polypropylene 2%, paraffin 4%; By 304L powder of stainless steel and binding agent according to 1: 2 volume ratio carry out mixing, melting temperature is 170 DEG C, and mixing time is 1.5h, then granulates on comminutor, makes feeding;
(2) feeding that step (1) obtains is added injection moulding in injection machine, injection temperature is 160 DEG C, and injection pressure is 70MPa, and mould temperature is 120 DEG C, prepares blank;
(3) blank that step (2) obtains is placed in catalysis degreasing stove and makees catalyst with nitric acid gas and carry out catalysis degreasing, it is 1.6L/h that nitric acid gas passes into speed, it is 2L/h that nitrogen passes into speed, skimming temp is 100 DEG C, degreasing time is 6h, obtain degreasing base, the degreasing rate of degreasing base is 7.2%;
(4) be placed in vacuum sintering furnace by the degreasing base that step (3) obtains and carry out atmosphere technique sintering, described atmosphere technique sintering is divided into successively in negative pressure degreasing, vacuum and burns and force cooling three phases; The technological parameter in negative pressure degreasing stage is: in vacuum sintering furnace, vacuum values is 3.0 × 10
3pa, passes into the nitrogen that flow is 25L/h, is warming up to 1000 DEG C with the heating rate of 2 DEG C/min, insulation 120min; In vacuum, the technological parameter in burning stage is: in vacuum sintering furnace, vacuum values is 0.95Pa, passes into the argon gas that flow is 20L/h, is warming up to 1350 DEG C with 5 DEG C/min heating rate, insulation 240min; The technological parameter of pressure cooling stage is: pass into the argon gas that flow is 20L/h, be cooled to room temperature with the rate of temperature fall of 3 DEG C/min; Obtained 304L stainless steel parts.
Embodiment 2
The 304L stainless steel metal powder injection forming method of embodiment 2, comprises the following steps:
(1) according to following percentage by weight preparation binding agent: polyformaldehyde 89%, high density polyethylene (HDPE) 5%, polypropylene 2%, paraffin 4%; By 304L powder of stainless steel and binding agent according to 1: 3 volume ratio carry out mixing, melting temperature is 180 DEG C, and mixing time is 1.8h, then granulates on comminutor, makes feeding;
(2) feeding that step (1) obtains is added injection moulding in injection machine, injection temperature is 180 DEG C, and injection pressure is 100MPa, and mould temperature is 120 DEG C, prepares blank;
(3) blank that step (2) obtains is placed in catalysis degreasing stove and makees catalyst with nitric acid gas and carry out catalysis degreasing, it is 2L/h that nitric acid gas passes into speed, it is 2.3L/h that nitrogen passes into speed, skimming temp is 120 DEG C, degreasing time is 4h, obtain degreasing base, the degreasing rate of degreasing base is 7.3%;
(4) be placed in vacuum sintering furnace by the degreasing base that step (3) obtains and carry out atmosphere technique sintering, described atmosphere technique sintering is divided into successively in negative pressure degreasing, vacuum and burns and force cooling three phases; The technological parameter in negative pressure degreasing stage is: in vacuum sintering furnace, vacuum values is 3.5 × 10
3pa, passes into the nitrogen that flow is 30L/h, is warming up to 1100 DEG C with the heating rate of 4 DEG C/min, insulation 100min; In vacuum, the technological parameter in burning stage is: in vacuum sintering furnace, vacuum values is 2.0Pa, passes into the argon gas that flow is 25L/h, is warming up to 1360 DEG C with 8 DEG C/min heating rate, insulation 200min; The technological parameter of pressure cooling stage is: pass into the argon gas that flow is 25L/h, be cooled to room temperature with the rate of temperature fall of 4 DEG C/min; Obtained 304L stainless steel parts.
Embodiment 3
The 304L stainless steel metal powder injection forming method of embodiment 3, comprises the following steps:
(1) according to following percentage by weight preparation binding agent: polyformaldehyde 91%, high density polyethylene (HDPE) 4%, polypropylene 2%, paraffin 3%; By 304L powder of stainless steel and binding agent according to 1: 4 volume ratio carry out mixing, melting temperature is 195 DEG C, and mixing time is 1.5h, then granulates on comminutor, makes feeding;
(2) feeding that step (1) obtains is added injection moulding in injection machine, injection temperature is 190 DEG C, and injection pressure is 120MPa, and mould temperature is 125 DEG C, prepares blank;
(3) blank that step (2) obtains is placed in catalysis degreasing stove and makees catalyst with nitric acid gas and carry out catalysis degreasing, it is 2.5L/h that nitric acid gas passes into speed, it is 2.5L/h that nitrogen passes into speed, skimming temp is 130 DEG C, degreasing time is 3h, obtain degreasing base, the degreasing rate of degreasing base is 7.2%;
(4) be placed in vacuum sintering furnace by the degreasing base that step (3) obtains and carry out atmosphere technique sintering, described atmosphere technique sintering is divided into successively in negative pressure degreasing, vacuum and burns and force cooling three phases; The technological parameter in negative pressure degreasing stage is: in vacuum sintering furnace, vacuum values is 4.2 × 10
3pa, passes into the nitrogen that flow is 35L/h, is warming up to 1100 DEG C with the heating rate of 6 DEG C/min, insulation 90min; In vacuum, the technological parameter in burning stage is: in vacuum sintering furnace, vacuum values is 4.1Pa, passes into the argon gas that flow is 28L/h, is warming up to 1370 DEG C with 10 DEG C/min heating rate, insulation 120min; The technological parameter of pressure cooling stage is: pass into the argon gas that flow is 28L/h, be cooled to room temperature with the rate of temperature fall of 5 DEG C/min; Obtained 304L stainless steel parts.
The 304L stainless steel parts dimensional accuracy that embodiment 1-3 obtains is high, surface accuracy is high, impulse-free robustness phenomenon, and concrete testing result is as follows:
What finally illustrate is, above preferred embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted, although by above preferred embodiment to invention has been detailed description, but those skilled in the art are to be understood that, various change can be made to it in the form and details, and not depart from claims of the present invention limited range.