CN105290377A - Pneumatic control device and control method of large vacuum pressurization casting equipment - Google Patents
Pneumatic control device and control method of large vacuum pressurization casting equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pneumatic control device and control method of large vacuum pressurization casting equipment in order to solve the technical problem of low control accuracy of an existing vacuum casting device. According to the technical scheme, the pneumatic control device comprises a vacuum buffering tank, a vacuum pump, an air storage tank, an air compression station, a programmable logic controller (PLC) control module, a pressure difference transmitter and pneumatic control stop valves from the first to fifth one. One end of the fifth pneumatic control stop valve is connected with an equipment body, and the other end of the fifth pneumatic control stop valve is connected with the vacuum buffering tank. The first pneumatic control stop valve, the second pneumatic control stop valve, the third pneumatic control stop valve and the fourth pneumatic control stop valve are connected in parallel, then one end is connected with the equipment body, and the other end is connected with the air storage tank. One end of the pressure difference transmitter is connected with the equipment body through a pressure difference signal collecting pipeline, and the other end of the pressure difference transmitter is electrically connected with the PLC control module. The PLC control module completes control over the different pneumatic control stop valves according to set process parameters, and accurate control over the pressure difference in the vacuum pressurization casting equipment is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of large-scale vacuum supercharging Casting Equipment air-control device, also relate to the method utilizing this air-control device to control large-scale vacuum supercharging Casting Equipment.
Background technology
Vacuum boosting casting a kind ofly under vacuum molten metal is poured into casting mold and make the casting method of molten metal solidification forming under positive pressure environment, and the method has fills the feature that type is effective, solidified structure is fine and close, mechanical castings is good.In the last few years, it is also more and more general that the large-scale complex thin-wall component in aerospace field adopts vacuum boosting casting method to produce.Due to large-scale component vacuum boosting casting cast and setting time longer, the process parameter control in this process has important impact to the final microstructure and property of foundry goods, as after casting complete, pumping rate is too fast, can produce adverse influence to surface quality of continuous castings; Pumping rate is excessively slow, is unfavorable for improving the internal quality of casting and final mechanical property, makes this technique not give full play to technical advantage.And current domestic foundry enterprise is paid attention to not to the process parameter control of vacuum boosting process of setting, on equipment technology, the single Pneumatic diaphragm valve of many employings or pneumatic (electronic) stop valve realize the rough control to quick plenum, can not realize precision and control.
Document " Authorization Notice No. is the Chinese invention patent of CN100464899C " discloses a kind of aluminum alloy vacuum casting device, this device comprises autoclave tank top and offers the first cast window and the second cast window, first cast window and second is poured into a mould window and is installed the first cylinder, the piston rod of the first cylinder is connected with first connecting rod, first connecting rod is connected with cast scuttle, autoclave pot bottom installs fixed guide and movable guiding rail, dodge gate is installed in autoclave tank one end, door connecting rod one end is connected with autoclave tank, dodge gate is connected with the 3rd cylinder, exhaust electrical ball valve is installed in autoclave tank side.Although this device is by Machine Design and increase the Automated condtrol that controlling organization realizes vacuum pouring process, pressure reduction in casting process is controlled use only single motor ball valve, the accurate control of different pumping rate cannot be realized.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiency of existing vacuum casting device control accuracy difference, the invention provides a kind of large-scale vacuum supercharging Casting Equipment air-control device.This air-control device comprises vacuum buffer tank, vavuum pump, air accumulator, air compression station, PLC control module, pressure difference transmitter, the first gas control shutoff valve, the second gas control shutoff valve, the 3rd gas control shutoff valve, the 4th gas control shutoff valve and the 5th gas control shutoff valve.One end of described 5th gas control shutoff valve is connected with equipment body by vacuum line, and the other end of the 5th gas control shutoff valve is connected with vacuum buffer tank by vacuum line, and vacuum buffer tank is also connected with vavuum pump.After described first gas control shutoff valve, the second gas control shutoff valve, the 3rd gas control shutoff valve and the 4th gas control shutoff valve parallel connection, one end is connected with equipment body by Compressed Gas pipeline, and the other end is connected with air accumulator, and air accumulator is also connected with air compression station.One end of described pressure difference transmitter gathers pipeline by pressure difference signal and is connected with equipment body, the other end of pressure difference transmitter is electrically connected with PLC control module, complete opening and closedown different gas control shutoff valve by PLC control module according to the technological parameter of setting, realize the accurate control to pressure reduction in vacuum boosting Casting Equipment.
The present invention also provides the method utilizing this air-control device to control large-scale vacuum supercharging Casting Equipment.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of large-scale vacuum supercharging Casting Equipment air-control device, is characterized in: comprise vacuum buffer tank 1, vavuum pump 2, air accumulator 3, air compression station 4, PLC control module 5, pressure difference transmitter 6, first gas control shutoff valve 7, second gas control shutoff valve 8, the 3rd gas control shutoff valve 9, the 4th gas control shutoff valve 10 and the 5th gas control shutoff valve 11.One end of described 5th gas control shutoff valve 11 is connected with equipment body 12 by vacuum line, and the other end of the 5th gas control shutoff valve 11 is connected with vacuum buffer tank 1 by vacuum line, and vacuum buffer tank 1 is also connected with vavuum pump 2.After described first gas control shutoff valve 7, second gas control shutoff valve 8, the 3rd gas control shutoff valve 9 and the 4th gas control shutoff valve 10 parallel connection, one end is connected with equipment body 12 by Compressed Gas pipeline, and the other end is connected with air accumulator 3, and air accumulator 3 is also connected with air compression station 4.Described pressure difference transmitter 6 gathers pipeline by pressure signal and is connected with equipment body 12, and the output signal line of pressure difference transmitter 6 is electrically connected with PLC control module 5.
Also comprise the 6th gas control shutoff valve 13, described 6th gas control shutoff valve 13 one end is connected with equipment body 12, and the other end communicates with air.
The caliber of described first gas control shutoff valve 7 be DN15 or DN50 any one.
The caliber of described second gas control shutoff valve 8 be DN25 or DN40 any one.
The caliber of described 3rd gas control shutoff valve 9 be DN40 or DN25 any one.
The caliber of described 4th gas control shutoff valve 10 be DN50 or DN20 any one.
Utilize above-mentioned air-control device to control a method for large-scale vacuum supercharging Casting Equipment, be characterized in comprising the following steps:
To the complete post processing of molten metal refinery by de-gassing, molten metal is put into the rotation casting ladle of equipment body 12, then the casting mold after curing is sent in equipment body 12, and dense block clamping apparatus main body 12.Start PLC control module 5, inputting process parameters: cast vacuum 0.002 ~ 0.003MPa, 30 ~ 45 seconds durations of pouring, 5 ~ 10 seconds vacuum breaker time, 3 ~ 5 seconds normal pressure lower retention times, supercharging setting rate 0.02 ~ 0.025MPa/s, boost pressure 0.5 ~ 0.6MPa, 900 ~ 5400 seconds dwell times.PLC control module 5 exports control signal according to the technological parameter of setting and opens and closedown different gas control shutoff valve, realizes controlling in real time the pressure reduction in equipment body 12.When cast starts, open the 5th gas control shutoff valve 11, vavuum pump 2, by vacuum buffer tank 1 pair of equipment body 12 extracting vacuum fast, makes the vacuum of equipment body 12 reach 0.002 ~ 0.003MPa, the rotation casting ladle that verts is poured into a mould, and the duration of pouring is 30 ~ 45 seconds.After cast terminates, PLC control module 5 closes the 5th gas control shutoff valve 11, and calculate according to the pressure difference signal that technological parameter curve and the pressure difference transmitter 6 of setting feed back, export control signal and open first gas control shutoff valve 7, second gas control shutoff valve 8, three gas control shutoff valve 9 and four gas control shutoff valve 10 in parallel with on closes compression gas piping, realize the accurate control of pressure reduction in equipment body 12 being set up to speed; Pressure reduction in equipment body 12 is made to become normal pressure from negative pressure in 5 ~ 10 seconds, and keep normal pressure pressure 3 ~ 5 seconds, then supercharging setting rate 0.02 ~ 0.025MPa/s is adopted, the pressure reduction in equipment body is made to increase to 0.5 ~ 0.6MPa, dwell time maintains 900 ~ 5400 seconds, after packing stage completes, open gas control shutoff valve 13 pressure release, complete casting pouring and process of setting.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: this air-control device comprises vacuum buffer tank, vavuum pump, air accumulator, air compression station, PLC control module, pressure difference transmitter, the first gas control shutoff valve, the second gas control shutoff valve, the 3rd gas control shutoff valve, the 4th gas control shutoff valve and the 5th gas control shutoff valve.One end of described 5th gas control shutoff valve is connected with equipment body by vacuum line, and the other end of the 5th gas control shutoff valve is connected with vacuum buffer tank by vacuum line, and vacuum buffer tank is also connected with vavuum pump.After described first gas control shutoff valve, the second gas control shutoff valve, the 3rd gas control shutoff valve and the 4th gas control shutoff valve parallel connection, one end is connected with equipment body by Compressed Gas pipeline, and the other end is connected with air accumulator, and air accumulator is also connected with air compression station.One end of described pressure difference transmitter gathers pipeline by pressure difference signal and is connected with equipment body, the other end of pressure difference transmitter is electrically connected with PLC control module, complete opening and closedown different gas control shutoff valve by PLC control module according to the technological parameter of setting, realize the accurate control to pressure reduction in vacuum boosting Casting Equipment.Owing to adopting four different bore gas control shutoff valve parallel combinations to control, compared with single Valve controlling, improve pressure reduction control accuracy; Large-scale complex thin-wall component vacuum boosting solidification forming process can be met to the control overflow of technological parameter as pumping rate, dwell time etc.; Under controllable process parameters, realize the Dynamic controlling to metal solidification process, enhance casting solidification feeding capacity, reduce casting flaw, improve density and the mechanical property of foundry goods; The method that apparatus of the present invention provide is suitable for the vacuum boosting cast form of aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy, copper alloy and other common metal material members, and mold material can select sand mold, gypsum mould, graphite mould, finish cast die shell, metal mold etc.
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of large-scale vacuum supercharging Casting Equipment air-control device of the present invention.
Pressure reduction controlling curve when Fig. 2 is the casting of certain large-scale component vacuum boosting of the inventive method embodiment 2.
In figure, 1-vacuum buffer tank, 2-vavuum pump, 3-air accumulator, 4-air compression station, 5-PLC control module, 6-pressure difference transmitter, 7-first gas control shutoff valve, 8-second gas control shutoff valve, 9-the 3rd gas control shutoff valve, 10-the 4th gas control shutoff valve, 11-the 5th gas control shutoff valve, 12-equipment body, 13-the 6th gas control shutoff valve.
Detailed description of the invention
Following examples are with reference to Fig. 1-2.
Embodiment 1.Large-scale vacuum supercharging Casting Equipment air-control device of the present invention comprises vacuum buffer tank 1, vavuum pump 2, air accumulator 3, air compression station 4, PLC control module 5, pressure difference transmitter 6, first gas control shutoff valve 7, second gas control shutoff valve 8, the 3rd gas control shutoff valve 9, the 4th gas control shutoff valve 10 and the 5th gas control shutoff valve 11.One end of described 5th gas control shutoff valve 11 is connected with equipment body 12 by vacuum line, and the other end of the 5th gas control shutoff valve 11 is connected with vacuum buffer tank 1 by vacuum line, and vacuum buffer tank 1 is also connected with vavuum pump 2.After described first gas control shutoff valve 7, second gas control shutoff valve 8, the 3rd gas control shutoff valve 9 and the 4th gas control shutoff valve 10 parallel connection, one end is connected with equipment body 12 by Compressed Gas pipeline, and the other end is connected with air accumulator 3, and air accumulator 3 is also connected with air compression station 4.Described pressure difference transmitter 6 is connected with equipment body 12 by pressure signal gathering line, and the output signal line of pressure difference transmitter 6 is electrically connected with PLC control module 5.6th gas control shutoff valve 13 one end is connected with equipment body 12, and the other end communicates with air.The caliber of described first gas control shutoff valve 7, second gas control shutoff valve 8, the 3rd gas control shutoff valve 9 and the 4th gas control shutoff valve 10 is respectively DN20, DN25, DN32, DN40, or is respectively DN50, DN40, DN25, DN20.The difference of these four valves in parallel is opened and is combined with closed condition, can provide 16 kinds of different flows, meets the requirement that different pumping rate regulates.
Embodiment 2.Certain large-scale component adopts plaster precision foundry method to be shaped, after completing the process of molten metal refinery by de-gassing, molten metal is put into the rotation casting ladle of equipment body 12, then the large-scale gypsum mould after curing is sent in equipment body 12, and dense block clamping apparatus main body 12.Start PLC control module 5, inputting process parameters: cast vacuum 0.002MPa, 30 seconds durations of pouring, 5 seconds vacuum breaker time, 3 seconds normal pressure lower retention times, supercharging setting rate 0.02MPa/s, boost pressure 0.5MPa, 900 seconds dwell times.PLC control module 5 exports control signal according to the technological parameter of setting and opens and closedown different gas control shutoff valve, realizes controlling in real time the pressure reduction in equipment body 12.When cast starts, open the 5th gas control shutoff valve 11, vavuum pump 2, by vacuum buffer tank 1 pair of equipment body 12 extracting vacuum fast, makes the vacuum of equipment body 12 reach 0.002Mpa, and the rotation casting ladle that verts is poured into a mould, and the duration of pouring is 30 seconds.After cast terminates, PLC control module 5 closes the 5th gas control shutoff valve 11, and calculate according to the pressure difference signal that technological parameter curve and the pressure difference transmitter 6 of setting feed back, export control signal and open first gas control shutoff valve 7, second gas control shutoff valve 8, three gas control shutoff valve 9 and four gas control shutoff valve 10 in parallel with on closes compression gas piping, realize the accurate control of pressure reduction in equipment body 12 being set up to speed; Pressure reduction in equipment body 12 is made to become normal pressure from negative pressure in 5 seconds, and keep normal pressure pressure 3 seconds, then supercharging setting rate 0.02MPa/s is adopted, the pressure reduction in equipment body is made to increase to 0.5MPa, dwell time maintains 900 seconds, after packing stage completes, open gas control shutoff valve 13 pressure release, complete casting pouring and process of setting.
Embodiment 3.Certain large-scale component adopts plaster precision foundry method to be shaped, after completing the process of molten metal refinery by de-gassing, molten metal is put into the rotation casting ladle of equipment body 12, then the large-scale gypsum mould after curing is sent in equipment body 12, and dense block clamping apparatus main body 12.Start PLC control module 5, inputting process parameters: cast vacuum 0.002MPa, 35 seconds durations of pouring, 8 seconds vacuum breaker time, 4 seconds normal pressure lower retention times, supercharging setting rate 0.025MPa/s, boost pressure 0.5MPa, 3000 seconds dwell times.PLC control module 5 exports control signal according to the technological parameter of setting and opens and closedown different gas control shutoff valve, realizes controlling in real time the pressure reduction in equipment body 12.When cast starts, open the 5th gas control shutoff valve 11, vavuum pump 2, by vacuum buffer tank 1 pair of equipment body 12 extracting vacuum fast, makes the vacuum of equipment body 12 reach 0.002Mpa, and the rotation casting ladle that verts is poured into a mould, and the duration of pouring is 35 seconds.After cast terminates, PLC control module 5 closes the 5th gas control shutoff valve 11, and calculate according to the pressure difference signal that technological parameter curve and the pressure difference transmitter 6 of setting feed back, export control signal and open first gas control shutoff valve 7, second gas control shutoff valve 8, three gas control shutoff valve 9 and four gas control shutoff valve 10 in parallel with on closes compression gas piping, realize the accurate control of pressure reduction in equipment body 12 being set up to speed; Pressure reduction in equipment body 12 is made to become normal pressure from negative pressure in 8 seconds, and keep normal pressure pressure 4 seconds, then supercharging setting rate 0.025MPa/s is adopted, the pressure reduction in equipment body is made to increase to 0.5MPa, dwell time maintains 3000 seconds, after packing stage completes, open gas control shutoff valve 13 pressure release, complete casting pouring and process of setting.
Embodiment 4.Certain large-scale component adopts plaster precision foundry method to be shaped, after completing the process of molten metal refinery by de-gassing, molten metal is put into the rotation casting ladle of equipment body 12, then the large-scale gypsum mould after curing is sent in equipment body 12, and dense block clamping apparatus main body 12.Start PLC control module 5, inputting process parameters: cast vacuum 0.003MPa, 45 seconds durations of pouring, 10 seconds vacuum breaker time, 5 seconds normal pressure lower retention times, supercharging setting rate 0.025MPa/s, boost pressure 0.6MPa, 5400 seconds dwell times.PLC control module 5 exports control signal according to the technological parameter of setting and opens and closedown different gas control shutoff valve, realizes controlling in real time the pressure reduction in equipment body 12.When cast starts, open the 5th gas control shutoff valve 11, vavuum pump 2, by vacuum buffer tank 1 pair of equipment body 12 extracting vacuum fast, makes the vacuum of equipment body 12 reach 0.002Mpa, and the rotation casting ladle that verts is poured into a mould, and the duration of pouring is 45 seconds.After cast terminates, PLC control module 5 closes the 5th gas control shutoff valve 11, and calculate according to the pressure difference signal that technological parameter curve and the pressure difference transmitter 6 of setting feed back, export control signal and open first gas control shutoff valve 7, second gas control shutoff valve 8, three gas control shutoff valve 9 and four gas control shutoff valve 10 in parallel with on closes compression gas piping, realize the accurate control of pressure reduction in equipment body 12 being set up to speed; Pressure reduction in equipment body 12 is made to become normal pressure from negative pressure in 10 seconds, and keep normal pressure pressure 5 seconds, then supercharging setting rate 0.025MPa/s is adopted, the pressure reduction in equipment body is made to increase to 0.6MPa, dwell time maintains 5400 seconds, after packing stage completes, open gas control shutoff valve 13 pressure release, complete casting pouring and process of setting.
Claims (7)
1. a large-scale vacuum supercharging Casting Equipment air-control device, is characterized in that: comprise vacuum buffer tank (1), vavuum pump (2), air accumulator (3), air compression station (4), PLC control module (5), pressure difference transmitter (6), the first gas control shutoff valve (7), the second gas control shutoff valve (8), the 3rd gas control shutoff valve (9), the 4th gas control shutoff valve (10) and the 5th gas control shutoff valve (11); One end of described 5th gas control shutoff valve (11) is connected with equipment body (12) by vacuum line, the other end of the 5th gas control shutoff valve (11) is connected with vacuum buffer tank (1) by vacuum line, and vacuum buffer tank (1) is also connected with vavuum pump (2); After described first gas control shutoff valve (7), the second gas control shutoff valve (8), the 3rd gas control shutoff valve (9) and the 4th gas control shutoff valve (10) parallel connection, one end is connected with equipment body (12) by Compressed Gas pipeline, the other end is connected with air accumulator (3), and air accumulator (3) is also connected with air compression station (4); Described pressure difference transmitter (6) gathers pipeline by pressure signal and is connected with equipment body (12), and the output signal line of pressure difference transmitter (6) is electrically connected with PLC control module (5).
2. large-scale vacuum supercharging Casting Equipment air-control device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise the 6th gas control shutoff valve (13), described 6th gas control shutoff valve (13) one end is connected with equipment body (12), and the other end communicates with air.
3. large-scale vacuum supercharging Casting Equipment air-control device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the caliber of described first gas control shutoff valve (7) be DN15 or DN50 any one.
4. large-scale vacuum supercharging Casting Equipment air-control device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the caliber of described second gas control shutoff valve (8) be DN25 or DN40 any one.
5. large-scale vacuum supercharging Casting Equipment air-control device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the caliber of described 3rd gas control shutoff valve (9) be DN40 or DN25 any one.
6. large-scale vacuum supercharging Casting Equipment air-control device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the caliber of described 4th gas control shutoff valve (10) be DN50 or DN20 any one.
7. utilize air-control device described in claim 1 to control a method for large-scale vacuum supercharging Casting Equipment, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
To the complete post processing of molten metal refinery by de-gassing, molten metal is put into the rotation casting ladle of equipment body (12), then the casting mold after curing is sent in equipment body (12), and dense block clamping apparatus main body (12); Start PLC control module (5), inputting process parameters: cast vacuum 0.002 ~ 0.003MPa, 30 ~ 45 seconds durations of pouring, 5 ~ 10 seconds vacuum breaker time, 3 ~ 5 seconds normal pressure lower retention times, supercharging setting rate 0.02 ~ 0.025MPa/s, boost pressure 0.5 ~ 0.6MPa, 900 ~ 5400 seconds dwell times; PLC control module (5) exports control signal according to the technological parameter of setting and opens and closedown different gas control shutoff valve, realizes controlling in real time the pressure reduction in equipment body (12); When cast starts, open the 5th gas control shutoff valve (11), vavuum pump (2) by vacuum buffer tank (1) to equipment body (12) fast extracting vacuum, the vacuum of equipment body (12) is made to reach 0.002 ~ 0.003MPa, the rotation casting ladle that verts is poured into a mould, and the duration of pouring is 30 ~ 45 seconds; After cast terminates, PLC control module (5) closes the 5th gas control shutoff valve (11), and calculate according to the pressure difference signal that technological parameter curve and the pressure difference transmitter (6) of setting feed back, export control signal and open first gas control shutoff valve (7) in parallel with on closes compression gas piping, the second gas control shutoff valve (8), the 3rd gas control shutoff valve (9) and the 4th gas control shutoff valve (10), realize the accurate control of equipment body (12) interior pressure reduction being set up to speed; Equipment body (12) interior pressure reduction is made to become normal pressure from negative pressure in 5 ~ 10 seconds, and keep normal pressure pressure 3 ~ 5 seconds, then supercharging setting rate 0.02 ~ 0.025MPa/s is adopted, the pressure reduction in equipment body is made to increase to 0.5 ~ 0.6MPa, dwell time maintains 900 ~ 5400 seconds, after packing stage completes, open gas control shutoff valve (13) pressure release, complete casting pouring and process of setting.
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| CN107685145A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2018-02-13 | 东风精密铸造安徽有限公司 | A kind of aluminium alloy wheel hub Counter pressure casting control system |
| CN108580847A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-09-28 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of non-linear pressurizing control system of complexity metal component counter-pressure casting molding |
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| CN105290377B (en) | 2017-04-12 |
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