CN105285173A - Processing method capable of efficiently and quickly increasing content of theaflavin in black tea - Google Patents
Processing method capable of efficiently and quickly increasing content of theaflavin in black tea Download PDFInfo
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- CN105285173A CN105285173A CN201510727856.3A CN201510727856A CN105285173A CN 105285173 A CN105285173 A CN 105285173A CN 201510727856 A CN201510727856 A CN 201510727856A CN 105285173 A CN105285173 A CN 105285173A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a processing method capable of efficiently and quickly increasing the content of theaflavin in a black tea. The processing method comprises the following steps of firstly, preparing fresh tea leaves for producing the black tea; after performing primary irradiation treatment on the fresh tea leaves through <60>Co-gamma rays according to an irradiation dose of 3.0kGy-5.0kGy, withering the irradiated fresh tea leaves, rolling the withered tea leaves, fermentting the rolled tea leaves, and drying and processing the fermented tea leaves; and performing secondary irradiation treatment on the dried tea leaves through <60>Co-gamma rays according to the irradiation dose of 7kGy-10kGy so as to obtain the black tea in which the content of the theaflavin is increased. According to the processing method disclosed by the invention, the content of the theaflavin in the black tea can be increased quickly, efficiently, economically, simply and conveniently.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to processing field of tea leaves, particularly relate to a kind of processing method improving theaflavin content in black tea.
Background technology
Black tea is the principal item of world's tea-drinking, and current world black tea output, volume of trade rank first in all kinds of tealeaves.Chinese tea output is 141.3 ten thousand tons, and wherein black tea output is 90,000 tons, accounts for 6.4%; Tea export total amount is 30.24 ten thousand tons, and black tea export volume is 3.66 ten thousand tons, accounts for 12%.Along with the change of the development of global integration, diet and consumption structure, domestic Tea Consumption market becomes more diversified, and " black tea heat " just quietly rises.Unique health-care efficacy that black tea produces because of its special processing technology, obtains showing appreciation for somebody of the healthy consumer of more and more pursuit; Meanwhile, as the symbol of fashion and grade, the product drink of black tea also creates huge attraction to fashionable groups such as city white collar, the Cenozoic.
In red tea fresh leaves, tea polyphenols material accounts for 18% ~ 36% of dry matter content, and wherein catechin accounts for again 70% of polyphenol total amount.Operations such as cutting by withering, rubbing, ferment and cure and the series of biochemical reactions being core with Tea Polyphenols enzymatic oxidation, define that black tea is ruddy, fragrance is invigorating, the glow of soup look, flavour is mellow, root of Ford Metalleaf is bright quality characteristic.
Along with the further investigation of tea and human health, Tea Pigment has become the tealeaves functional component of people's primary study and exploitation.Theaflavin from tealeaves, finds the compound with definite pharmacological action at first time, through clinical testing, demonstrate effect that theaflavin has adjusting blood lipid, angiocardiopathy preventing, the theaflavin being described as " soft gold " in tealeaves has the unique function of reducing blood lipid, and have no side effect, it not only can be combined the absorption reducing cholesterol in food by the cholesterol in enteron aisle, can also suppress the synthesis of human body own cholesterol.In theaflavin vivid and mouthfeel of color in maintenance millet paste is strong, also serve certain effect, and this is an important indicator of black tea quality.At present, in black tea, theaflavin total amount is 1.3% ~ 1.8%, is in low level level.Because theaflavin in black tea is the material generated by the autoxidation of catechin compounds enzymatic in black tea manufacturing process, the height of its content depends on the content of polyphenols in the fresh leaf of processing black tea, bioenzyme activity and processing technology.But theaflavin is as a kind of important health products with physiologically active, and its medicinal health value and economic worth are also more and more subject to the attention of scientific worker.But past traditional processing method is difficult to the content improving theaflavin in black tea, because theaflavin content in tealeaves is extremely low, extraction cost is abnormal expensive, has not yet to see the efficient processing technology improving theaflavin in black tea fast.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of can fast, efficient, economic, the processing method that improves theaflavin content in black tea easily.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention proposes is a kind of efficient processing method improving theaflavin content in black tea fast, comprises the following steps:
(1) tea fresh leaves for the production of black tea is prepared;
(2) be 3.0kGy ~ 5.0kGy's by tea fresh leaves through irradiation dose
60after Co-γ carries out a radiation treatment, then the tea fresh leaves after irradiation carried out wither, knead, ferment, dry processing;
(3) be 7kGy ~ 10kGy's by above-mentioned dried tealeaves through irradiation dose
60co-γ carries out secondary radiation treatment, obtains the black tea that theaflavin content improves.
Above-mentioned processing method, preferably, described tea fresh leaves be quality soft, plump, have milli, bud-leaf is held that tender property is strong, leaf look yellowish green or is bud greenly rich in gloss, and based on bud two, three leaf, particularly preferably adopt congou tea or the neat tea fresh leaves of sweet oak leaf, because processing method of the present invention is more suitable for improving congou tea or the neat theaflavin content of sweet oak leaf.
Above-mentioned processing method, preferably, described in wither be wither in withering trough 7 ~ 10 hours, withering temperature 28 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C.
Above-mentioned processing method, preferably, described in knead and refer to that putting into tea twisting machine kneads 2 ~ 3 times, each 30 ~ 45 minutes, amount to 60 ~ 135 minutes.
Above-mentioned processing method, preferably, described fermentation refers to the condition bottom fermentation 2.5 ~ 3.5 hours tealeaves after kneading being placed on temperature 28 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C, fermentated leaves relative humidity 85% ~ 95%, relative air humidity 55% ~ 65%, turns 1 ~ 2 time.
Above-mentioned processing method, preferably, described drying refers to stage drying in dryer, first at 110 DEG C ~ 120 DEG C temperature dry 8 ~ 10 minutes, at 85 DEG C ~ 95 DEG C temperature dry 15 ~ 20 minutes again, the dry Measuring Moisture Content of Tea of leading portion controls 20% ~ 25%, and the dry Measuring Moisture Content of Tea of back segment controls 4% ~ 6%.
Above-mentioned processing method, preferably, the close rate of a described radiation treatment is 10kGy/h ~ 15kGy/h, and the close rate of described secondary radiation treatment is 20kGy/h ~ 30kGy/h.Carry out after a radiation treatment through specific irradiation dose, tea fresh leaves, through withering, kneading, ferment, in dry process, makes polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activity reach maximum; Secondary radiation treatment is carried out again through specific irradiation dose, polyphenol substance in tealeaves not only can be made to transform thoroughly, and quinones substance accumulation in ortho position is many, and biology enzyme oxidation product is improved further, thus efficiently can improve the content of theaflavin in black tea fast, improve the quality of black tea.By two step radiation treatment, and control the close rate in two step irradiation process respectively, not only can improve Tea Polyphenols oxidase active, and be conducive to the generation of theaflavin.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
First, method of the present invention takes full advantage of existing black tea resource, in black tea, the extraction and application of theaflavin provides new approach;
Secondly, the present invention adopts fresh leaf γ photonic processing techniques, polyphenol oxidase (PPO), peroxidase (POD) activity in quick raising tea fresh leaves, polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD) are the key enzymes in fermentation of black tea process, Tea Polyphenols being converted into theaflavin, the enzyme improving these two kinds of enzymes is lived as better condition is created in the enzymatic reaction of black tea processing and fermentation, is beneficial to the conversion of tea polyphenols material to theaflavin;
By adopting two step irradiation methods of the present invention, not only can improve tea fresh leaves polyphenol oxidase and live, and can improve Tea Polyphenols total amount, be the reaction condition that the conversion of theaflavin in black tea manufacturing process provides; Two step black tea radiation treatment, can be oxidized, be polymerized by efficient Rapid radiating in vitro, thus improve theaflavin content in black tea.
In general, of the present inventionly efficient improve theaflavin content method in black tea fast and have that technical process is simple, oxidase active is high, Tea Polyphenols oxidation fast, high, low in the pollution of the environment, the low cost and other advantages of aggregate rate.Processing method of the present invention shows, utilizes Tea Polyphenols oxidation conversion inherent in tealeaves to become Tea Pigment, is quick, efficient, economy, an easy approach improving black tea quality and health-care effect.
Detailed description of the invention
For the ease of understanding the present invention, hereafter will do to describe more comprehensively, meticulously to the present invention in conjunction with preferred embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following specific embodiment.
Unless otherwise defined, hereinafter used all technical terms are identical with the implication that those skilled in the art understand usually.The object of technical term used herein just in order to describe specific embodiment is not be intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Apart from special instruction, the various reagent used in the present invention, raw material are can commodity commercially or can by the obtained product of known method.
Embodiment 1:
The efficient processing method improving theaflavin content in black tea fast of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
(1) raw material prepares: select the neat tea fresh leaves 100kg of classified sweet oak leaf, requires that fresh food value of leaf ground is soft, plump, has milli, that bud-leaf holds tender property is strong, and leaf look yellowish green or be bud greenly rich in gloss, based on bud two, three leaf.
(2) radiation treatment: above-mentioned tea fresh leaves is used
60co-γ carries out a radiation treatment, and radiation source intensity is 2.04 × 10
16bq, irradiation dose is 4kGy, and close rate is 10kGy/h; Radiation treatment time 0.4h.After testing, the tea fresh leaves polyphenol oxidase (PPO) before a radiation treatment and after radiation treatment, peroxidase (POD) is active and Tea Polyphenols total amount (TP) is as shown in table 1 below.
Table 1: PPO, POD activity and the contrast of Tea Polyphenols total amount after tea fresh leaves predose
(3) get the tea fresh leaves after an above-mentioned radiation treatment in withering trough, wither 8 hours, withering temperature 30 DEG C; Put into tea twisting machine again and knead 2 times, each 35 minutes, knead 70 minutes time; Knead leaf at temperature 30 DEG C, fermentated leaves relative humidity 95%, relative air humidity 60% condition bottom fermentation 3.5 hours, turn 2 times; Last in dryer stage drying, first at 120 DEG C of temperature dry 8 minutes, after at 95 DEG C of temperature dry 15 minutes, the dry Measuring Moisture Content of Tea of leading portion controls 20%, and the dry Measuring Moisture Content of Tea of back segment controls 5%.
(4) by above-mentioned dried tealeaves warp
60co-γ carries out secondary radiation treatment.Radiation source intensity is 2.04 × 10
16bq, irradiation dose is 8kGy, and radiation dose rate is 20kGy/h, radiation treatment time 0.4h.
After testing, in the black tea before secondary radiation treatment and after radiation treatment, theaflavin, thearubigin content are as shown in Table 2 below.
Table 2: theaflavin, thearubigin content (%) after black tea predose
| Process | Theaflavin | Thearubigin |
| The neat tea fresh leaves predose of sweet oak leaf | 1.02 | 6.86 |
| After the neat tea fresh leaves irradiation of sweet oak leaf | 5.69 | 13.32 |
Embodiment 2:
The efficient processing method improving theaflavin content in black tea fast of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
(1) raw material prepares: select the neat tea fresh leaves 100kg of classified sweet oak leaf, requires that fresh food value of leaf ground is soft, plump, has milli, that bud-leaf holds tender property is strong, and leaf look yellowish green or be bud greenly rich in gloss, based on bud two, three leaf.
(2) radiation treatment: above-mentioned tea fresh leaves is used
60co-γ carries out a radiation treatment, and radiation source intensity is 2.04 × 10
16bq, irradiation dose is 5kGy, and close rate is 10kGy/h; Radiation treatment time 0.5h.After testing, the tea fresh leaves polyphenol oxidase (PPO) before a radiation treatment and after radiation treatment, peroxidase (POD) is active and Tea Polyphenols total amount (TP) is as shown in table 3 below.
Table 3: PPO, POD activity and the contrast of Tea Polyphenols total amount after tea fresh leaves predose
(3) get the tea fresh leaves after an above-mentioned radiation treatment in withering trough, wither 10 hours, withering temperature 29 DEG C; Put into tea twisting machine again and knead 3 times, each 30 minutes, knead 90 minutes time; Knead leaf at temperature 30 DEG C, fermentated leaves relative humidity 95%, relative air humidity 65% condition bottom fermentation 3 hours, turn 2 times; Last in dryer stage drying, first at 120 DEG C of temperature dry 10 minutes, after at 85 DEG C of temperature dry 20 minutes, the dry Measuring Moisture Content of Tea of leading portion controls 22%, and the dry Measuring Moisture Content of Tea of back segment controls 6%.
(4) by above-mentioned dried tealeaves warp
60co-γ carries out secondary radiation treatment.Radiation source intensity is 2.04 × 10
16bq, irradiation dose is 7.5kGy, and radiation dose rate is 25kGy/h, radiation treatment time 0.3h.
After testing, in the black tea before secondary radiation treatment and after radiation treatment, theaflavin, thearubigin content are as shown in Table 4 below.
Table 4: theaflavin, thearubigin content (%) after black tea predose
| Process | Theaflavin | Thearubigin |
| The neat tea fresh leaves predose of sweet oak leaf | 0.96 | 6.11 |
| After the neat tea fresh leaves irradiation of sweet oak leaf | 4.52 | 12.37 |
From above embodiment, by adopting two step irradiation methods of the present invention, not only can improve tea fresh leaves polyphenol oxidase and live, and can improve Tea Polyphenols total amount, be the reaction condition that the conversion of theaflavin in black tea manufacturing process provides; Secondary black tea radiation treatment, can be oxidized, be polymerized by efficient Rapid radiating in vitro, thus improve theaflavin content in black tea.
Claims (7)
1. the efficient processing method improving theaflavin content in black tea fast, comprises the following steps:
(1) tea fresh leaves for the production of black tea is prepared;
(2) be 3.0kGy ~ 5.0kGy's by tea fresh leaves through irradiation dose
60after Co-γ carries out a radiation treatment, then the tea fresh leaves after irradiation carried out wither, knead, ferment, dry processing;
(3) be 7kGy ~ 10kGy's by above-mentioned dried tealeaves through irradiation dose
60co-γ carries out secondary radiation treatment, obtains the black tea that theaflavin content improves.
2. processing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described tea fresh leaves be quality soft, plump, have milli, and based on bud two, three leaf.
3. processing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described in wither be wither in withering trough 7 ~ 10 hours, withering temperature 28 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C.
4. processing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described in knead and refer to that putting into tea twisting machine kneads 2 ~ 3 times, each 30 ~ 45 minutes, amount to 60 ~ 135 minutes.
5. processing method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described fermentation refers to the condition bottom fermentation 2.5 ~ 3.5 hours tealeaves after kneading being placed on temperature 28 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C, fermentated leaves relative humidity 85% ~ 95%, relative air humidity 55% ~ 65%, turns 1 ~ 2 time.
6. processing method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described drying refers to stage drying in dryer, first at 110 DEG C ~ 120 DEG C temperature dry 8 ~ 10 minutes, at 85 DEG C ~ 95 DEG C temperature dry 15 ~ 20 minutes again, the dry Measuring Moisture Content of Tea of leading portion controls 20% ~ 25%, and the dry Measuring Moisture Content of Tea of back segment controls 4% ~ 6%.
7. the processing method according to any one of claim 1 ~ 6, is characterized in that, the close rate of a described radiation treatment is 10kGy/h ~ 15kGy/h, and the close rate of described secondary radiation treatment is 20kGy/h ~ 30kGy/h.
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