CN105275415B - Full-automatic continuous drilling rig - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a fully automatic continuous drilling rig, which comprises a drilling rig base and a power catwalk, pipe rowers are installed on both sides of the power catwalk, a derrick is installed on the platform of the rig base corresponding to the wellhead, and the inner surfaces of the frames on both sides of the derrick Racks and guide rails are symmetrically fixed and fixed respectively, and hoisting mechanism I and hoisting mechanism II are respectively installed on the bottom and upper part of the derrick; a two-story platform is fixedly installed on the front side of the derrick, and a pneumatic finger beam is installed on the second-story platform; There is a track for the column type pipe grabber to move between the drill floor surface of the base and the bottom of the second-floor platform; a derrick installation platform is also installed on the front side of the derrick, and the derrick installation platform is located above the second-floor platform. An automatic derrick is installed below the suspension. The device of the invention can make-up and break-out without stopping the drilling, and the drilling efficiency is improved.

Description

Fully automatic continuous drilling rig

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum machinery and equipment, and relates to a fully automatic continuous drilling rig.

Background technique

The drilling operation process of the existing drilling rig (not equipped with top drive) is: the driller operates the pneumatic winch to drag a single drill pipe from the catwalk along the gate ramp to the drill floor, relying on the pneumatic winch and hydraulic tongs Cooperate with the make-up with the kelly in the mouse hole (the mud fluid has stopped circulating at this time), the traveling crane system will lift the drill pipe after the make-up from the mouse hole to the wellhead, and 1-2 drill floor workers will After supporting its lower end to align with the upper end of the drill pipe suspended by the slips on the drill floor, the hydraulic tongs are then rotated and tightened, and the mud circulation is started to continue drilling. The drilling operation process is as follows: the swimming system lifts the drilling tool to a certain height (the mud fluid has stopped circulating at this time), operates the hydraulic tongs to shackle, and then relies on 2-3 drill floor workers and derrick workers to work together to lift the stand Transfer to the finger beam on the second floor of the derrick; the drilling operation process is the reverse process of the drilling process.

The main problems of the above-mentioned operation methods are: 1) During the entire drilling process, drilling tool handling takes up a lot of drilling time (deep well drilling rigs are more obvious) and requires the cooperation of multiple people at the same time. The labor intensity of the drillers is very high. High security risk. 2) During the tripping and drilling process, it is necessary to stop the drill to perform the make-up and break-out operation of the drilling tool. Each time make-up and break-out takes about 1 to 2 minutes, which reduces the drilling efficiency. 3) Drilling stop makes the drilling fluid not circulate and the rotating system does not rotate, which is easy to cause the bottom hole sticking; in addition, the suction effect caused by the discontinuous tripping will cause the wellbore pressure to fluctuate, which is not conducive to the stability of the well wall , increasing the possibility of complex situations occurring downhole.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fully automatic continuous drilling rig, which solves the problem of high labor intensity and high safety risk of the driller in the process of drilling tools in the prior art, and the need to stop drilling during tripping and drilling. The drilling efficiency caused by make-up and breakout is low, and accidents are prone to occur downhole.

The technical solution adopted in the present invention is a fully automatic continuous drilling rig, including a rig base and a power catwalk, pipe rowers are installed on both sides of the power catwalk, a derrick is installed on the platform of the rig base corresponding to the wellhead, and a derrick is installed on the derrick Racks and guide rails are fixed symmetrically on the inner surfaces of the frames on both sides, and lifting mechanism I and lifting mechanism II are respectively arranged on the bottom and upper part of the derrick;

A two-story platform is fixedly installed on the front side of the derrick, and a pneumatic finger beam is installed on the second-story platform; a track for the movement of the column pipe grabbing machine is connected between the drilling floor surface of the drilling rig base and the bottom of the second-story platform; on the front side of the derrick A derrick installation platform is also installed. The derrick installation platform is located above the platform on the second floor, and an automatic derrick is suspended and installed below the derrick installation platform;

Mud manifolds are fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the derrick, and each mud manifold is connected to the hoisting mechanism I and the hoisting mechanism II through corresponding hoses.

The fully automatic continuous drilling rig of the present invention is also characterized in that:

The control room is fixedly installed on the rear side of the upper part of the drilling rig base, and the driller's partial room is fixedly installed on the side room brackets on the left and right sides of the drilling rig base.

The pipe arrangement machine, power catwalk, hoisting mechanism I, column pipe grabber, automatic derrick and hoisting mechanism II are all connected with the electro-hydraulic control mechanism, which is integrated in the hydraulic station on the ground.

Corresponding position sensors are installed in the actuators of the pipe arrangement machine, power catwalk, lifting mechanism I, column pipe grabber, automatic derrick and lifting mechanism II, and all position sensors are connected to the electro-hydraulic control mechanism for signals.

The lower part of the hoisting mechanism 1 is provided with a power unit, which is respectively composed of paired motors, reduction boxes, and gears; the upper part of the hoisting mechanism 1 is provided with a multifunctional device integrating the functions of making and breaking, uninterrupted circulation of mud, and drilling and rotating functions.

The upper part of the lifting mechanism II is equipped with a power unit, which is composed of a pair of motors, reduction boxes, and gears; the lower part is suspended with a conventional top drive; the upper and lower parts of the lifting mechanism II are equipped with anti-torque beams.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1) improve the safety of operators, the whole drilling operation process has been fully automated, without the need for rig workers and derrick workers, only the operators need to operate in the control room of the rig to complete the entire drilling and drilling process; The tripping operation can avoid personal injury; 2) The drilling efficiency is improved, and continuous tripping and drilling are realized during the whole drilling process. There is no need to stop drilling for loading and unloading the drill pipe, and the drill pipe can be connected while drilling. Greatly improve drilling efficiency. 3) Improve the safety of the wellbore. The uninterrupted circulation of drilling fluid and continuous and uniform tripping can reduce the pressure fluctuation of the wellbore caused by the suction, which is conducive to maintaining the stability of the wellbore and reducing the possibility of complex situations in the downhole.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of the automatic continuous drilling machine of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a side view of the automatic continuous drilling machine of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the top view of the automatic continuous drilling machine of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a fully automatic continuous drilling rig drilling process one of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the second drilling process of the fully automatic continuous drilling rig of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the drilling process three of the fully automatic continuous drilling rig of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the fourth drilling process of the fully automatic continuous drilling rig of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is the fifth drilling process of the automatic continuous drilling rig of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is the sixth drilling process of the automatic continuous drilling rig of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is the first drilling process of the fully automatic continuous drilling rig of the present invention;

Fig. 11 is the second drilling process of the fully automatic continuous drilling rig of the present invention;

Fig. 12 is the third tripping process of the fully automatic continuous drilling rig of the present invention;

Fig. 13 is the fourth drilling process of the fully automatic continuous drilling rig of the present invention;

Fig. 14 is the five out-of-drilling process of the automatic continuous drilling rig of the present invention.

In the figure, 1. drilling rig base, 2. power catwalk, 3. control room, 4. derrick, 5. lifting mechanism I, 6. column type pipe grabber, 7. rack, 8. derrick worker, 9. lifting Mechanism II, 10. Single drill pipe, 11. Second floor platform, 12. Mud manifold, 13. Driller's side room, 14. Guide rail, 15. Pipe row machine, 16. Pneumatic finger beam, 17. Derrick installation platform , 18. Water hose, 19. Electro-hydraulic control mechanism, 20. Hydraulic station.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the structure of the device of the present invention is that on the ground (foundation surface) a drilling rig base 1 and a power catwalk 2 are installed, and the power catwalk 2 is connected with the drilling rig base 1 by bolts. Both sides of the power catwalk 2 are equipped with a pipe row machine 15, and a predetermined number of single drill pipes 10 are laid flat on each side of the pipe row machine 15; Racks 7 and guide rails 14 are symmetrically and fixedly installed on the inner surfaces of the frames on both sides respectively, and a lifting mechanism I5 and a lifting mechanism II9 are respectively arranged on the bottom and upper part of the derrick 4; A pneumatic finger beam 16 is provided on the second floor platform 11; a track for the movement of the column pipe grabber 6 is connected between the drill floor surface of the drilling rig base 1 and the bottom of the second floor platform 11; a derrick is also installed on the front side of the derrick 4 The derrick installation platform 17, the derrick installation platform 17 is located above the platform 11 on the second floor, and the automatic derrick operator 8 is suspended and installed below the derrick installation platform 17; the mud manifold 12 is fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the derrick, and each mud manifold 12 The corresponding hoses 18 are respectively connected to the hoisting mechanism I5 and the hoisting mechanism II9; a control room 3 is fixedly installed on the rear side of the upper part of the drilling rig base 1, and a driller's side room 13 is fixedly installed on the side room brackets on the left and right sides of the drilling rig base 1.

Pipe rower 15, power catwalk 2, column type pipe grabber 6, derrick operator 8, pneumatic finger beam 16, and two sets of lifting mechanisms (hoisting mechanism I5, lifting mechanism II9) are matched to form a complete automatic processing system for pipe strings.

A tilting oil cylinder is provided outside the tube rowing machine 15, and the tube rowing machine 15 is tilted at a predetermined angle by extending (retracting) the tilting oil cylinder, so that the single drill pipe 10 on the tube rowing machine 15 is automatically rolled into (or get out).

The power catwalk 2 mainly includes the drill sending device, hydraulic winch, and trolley. The hydraulic motor drives the drum of the hydraulic winch to rotate, and the lifting structure of the wire rope is used to complete the lifting of the drill string device. The hydraulic motor drives the sprocket to rotate and drives the trolley to move. , the single drill pipe 10 is moved to the vicinity of the near-column pipe grabbing machine 6.

Through the mutual cooperation between the pipe arrangement machine 15 and the power catwalk 2, the automatic transportation of a single drill pipe 10 between the ground pipe arrangement and the drill floor surface can be realized.

The column-type pipe grabbing machine 6 mainly includes a rotary motor, a pulley, a swing arm and a clamp head. The pulley drives the swing arm and the clamp head to a predetermined height, and the hydraulic cylinder drives the swing arm to extend the clamp head to a suitable position. A drill pipe 10; their mutual cooperation can make the single drill pipe 10 delivered to the drill floor from a horizontal state to a vertical state, and move it to the wellhead; otherwise, the single drill pipe 10 can also be moved Go to Power Catwalk 2.

The automatic derrick 8 mainly includes a rotary motor, a block, a telescopic arm, and a tong head. Driven by a hydraulic motor, the automatic derrick 8 can rotate around the center of rotation as a whole.

Through the mutual cooperation of the automatic derrick worker 8 and the column pipe arrangement machine 6, the automatic transportation of the drilling tool stand between the finger beam 16 of the second-floor platform and the wellhead can be realized.

The lower part of the lifting mechanism I5 is equipped with a power unit, which is composed of a pair of motors, reduction boxes, and gears; the upper part of the lifting mechanism I5 is equipped with a multifunctional device that integrates the functions of making and breaking, uninterrupted mud circulation, and drilling rotation; The upper and lower parts of the lifting mechanism I5 are connected by bolts. During operation, the lifting mechanism I5 moves up and down through the meshing of the gear and the rack;

The upper part of the lifting mechanism II9 is equipped with a power unit, which is composed of a pair of motors, reduction boxes, and gears; the lower part is suspended with a conventional top drive, and the top drive back tongs can move up and down; the upper and lower parts of the lifting mechanism II9 are equipped with reverse gears. The torque beam is used to withstand the reaction torque during top drive drilling. During operation, the hoisting mechanism II9 moves up and down through the meshing of the gear and the rack;

Through the cooperation of the hoisting mechanism I5, the hoisting mechanism II9 and the mud manifold 12, uninterrupted circulation of the drilling fluid, continuous tripping and drilling can be realized during the entire drilling process.

The pipe arrangement machine 15, the power catwalk 2, the lifting mechanism I5, the column type pipe grabbing machine 6, the automatic derrick 8 and the lifting mechanism II9 are all connected with the electro-hydraulic control mechanism 19, which is integrated in the hydraulic station 20 on the ground Inside.

Corresponding position sensors are installed in the actuators of the above-mentioned pipe arrangement machine 15, power catwalk 2, lifting mechanism I5, column pipe grabber 6, automatic derrick 8 and lifting mechanism II9 for position detection or limit control , all the position sensors are connected with the electro-hydraulic control mechanism 19, and the electro-hydraulic control mechanism 19 is used to programmably control the actions of the actuators in the device, so that the control has a safety interlock function, and can also be controlled through the control room. 3 remote control of each component.

The drilling process of the device of the present invention is implemented according to the following steps:

Step 1. Lifting mechanism I5 and lifting mechanism II9 are both in the low position. Operate the pipe rower 15 to roll a single drill pipe 10 into the power catwalk 2. At the same time, the lifting mechanism I5 mud channel is opened, and the lifting mechanism II9 mud channel is closed. The hoisting mechanism II9 stops drilling and completes the breakout action with the drilling tool, and the hoisting mechanism I5 starts drilling, as shown in Fig. 4 .

Step 2. The power catwalk 2 transmits the single drill pipe 10 to the column grabber 6; at the same time, the lifting mechanism II9 rises to a certain height, and the lifting mechanism I5 continues to drill, as shown in Figure 5.

Step 3. The column-type pipe grabbing machine 6 grabs a single drill pipe 10, turns it into a vertical state and lifts it to a certain height and submits it to the lifting mechanism II9, and the top drive at the lower part of the lifting mechanism II9 completes the make-up with the single drill pipe 10; At the same time, the hoisting mechanism I5 continues to drill in, and the power catwalk 2 descends and resets, as shown in Figure 6.

Step 4. The hoisting mechanism II9 carries the single drill pipe 10 down to the hoisting mechanism I5, the mud channel of the hoisting mechanism II9 is opened, and the single drill pipe 10 is made up with the drilling tool being drilled in the upper device of the hoisting mechanism I5 action, the hoisting mechanism I5 closes the mud passage, stops drilling, and the hoisting mechanism II9 starts drilling, as shown in Figure 7.

Step 5. In the same orbit, the hoisting mechanism I5 is always down, and the hoisting mechanism II9 is always up. The hoisting mechanism I5 releases the drilling tool and moves up to the predetermined height, while the hoisting mechanism II9 continues drilling, as shown in Figure 8.

Step 6. When the hoisting mechanism II9 drills close to the upper device of the hoisting mechanism I5, the hoisting mechanism II9 stops drilling and completes the breakout action with the drilling tool. The mud passage of the hoisting mechanism I5 is opened, and the mud passage of the hoisting mechanism II9 is closed. I5 continues to drill; Meanwhile, power catwalk 2 conveys next single drilling rod 10, see Fig. 9.

The tripping operation process of device of the present invention is, and its step comprises:

Step 1. The hoisting mechanism I5 lifts the drilling tool up to a predetermined height, and at the same time, the hoisting mechanism II9 goes down to the upper device of the hoisting mechanism I5 without load, as shown in Figure 10.

Step 2. The lifting mechanism II9 mud channel is opened and the hook-up action with the drilling tool is completed in the upper device of the lifting mechanism I5, and the lifting mechanism I5 mud channel is closed; the lifting mechanism I5 releases the drilling tool and goes down to the drill floor, while the lifting mechanism II9 carries the drilling tool up to the predetermined height, see Figure 11.

Step 3. The upper device of the hoisting mechanism I5 completes the shackle action of the drilling tool on the drill floor, the mud channel of the hoisting mechanism I5 opens, the mud channel of the hoisting mechanism II9 closes and moves upward for a certain distance, see Figure 12.

Step 4. The derrick worker 8 and the column-type pipe grabber 6 grab the vertical root, and the lower part of the lifting mechanism II9 is top driven to release the drilling tool, as shown in Figure 13.

Step 5. The automatic derrick worker 8 and the column-type pipe rower 6 cooperate with each other to discharge the vertical root. At the same time, the lifting mechanism I5 and the lifting mechanism II9 continue to drill the next vertical root, as shown in Figure 14.

The drilling operation process of the present invention is the reverse process of the drilling process, and will not be repeated here.

The fully automatic continuous drilling rig of the present invention improves the safety of operators, and the entire drilling operation process is fully automated, without the need for drill floor workers and derrick workers, and the operator only needs to operate in the control room to complete the rectification drilling and tripping out The operation can avoid personal injury; the drilling efficiency is improved, and continuous tripping and drilling are realized during the whole drilling process. There is no need to stop the drilling for loading and unloading the drill pipe, and the drill pipe can be connected while drilling, which greatly improves the drilling efficiency. Improve the safety of the wellbore. The uninterrupted circulation of drilling fluid and continuous and uniform tripping can reduce the pressure fluctuation of the wellbore caused by the suction, which is conducive to maintaining the stability of the wellbore and reducing the possibility of complex situations in the downhole.

Claims (1)

1. A fully automatic continuous drilling rig is characterized in that: it comprises a rig base (1) and a power catwalk (2), and a pipe arrangement machine (15) is installed on both sides of the power catwalk (2), and on the rig base ( 1) A derrick (4) is installed on the upper platform corresponding to the wellhead, racks (7) and guide rails (14) are symmetrically fixed on the inner surfaces of the frames on both sides of the derrick (4), respectively, and the bottom and upper parts of the derrick (4) are respectively set There are lifting mechanism I (5) and lifting mechanism II (9); A two-story platform (11) is fixedly installed on the front side of the derrick (4), and a pneumatic finger beam (16) is arranged on the two-story platform (11); A track for the movement of the column type pipe grabber (6) is connected between them; a derrick worker's installation platform (17) is also installed on the front side of the derrick (4), and the derrick worker's installation platform (17) is located above the second floor platform (11) , an automatic derrick worker (8) is suspended and installed below the derrick worker installation platform (17); Mud manifolds (12) are fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the derrick, and each mud manifold (12) is connected to the hoisting mechanism I (5) and hoisting mechanism II (9) respectively through corresponding hoses (18); The control room (3) is fixedly installed on the rear side of the upper part of the drilling rig base (1), and the driller's partial room (13) is fixedly installed on the partial room supports on the left and right sides of the drilling rig base (1); Described pipe arrangement machine (15), power catwalk (2), hoisting mechanism I (5), column type pipe grasping machine (6), automatic derrick worker (8) and hoisting mechanism II (9) are all combined with electro-hydraulic The control mechanism (19) is connected, and the electro-hydraulic control mechanism (19) is integrated in the hydraulic station (20) on the ground; Among the executing agencies of the described pipe arrangement machine (15), power catwalk (2), hoisting mechanism I (5), column type pipe grasping machine (6), automatic derrick worker (8) and hoisting mechanism II (9) All are provided with corresponding position sensors, and all the position sensors are connected to the electro-hydraulic control mechanism (19) for signals; The bottom of the lifting mechanism I (5) is provided with a power unit, which is respectively made up of paired motors, reduction boxes, and gears; A multifunctional device with a rotating function; The upper part of the lifting mechanism II (9) is provided with a power unit, which is composed of paired motors, reduction boxes, and gears; the lower part is suspended with a conventional top drive; the upper and lower parts of the lifting mechanism II (9) are provided with Anti-torque beam.