EP1108110B1 - Drilling device and method for drilling a well - Google Patents

Abstract

A drilling machine and drilling rig for exploratory drillings and producing wells, include a base mounting atop drive, and a multifunctional gripper for gripping drilling pipe from a stock and to be raised on the base for eventual positions positioning at a well center, an elevator being provided below the top drive. The base can be rotatably mounted and have a live ring at a base lower end region, the base being rotated to the pipe stock location and being rotatable to a well center as well. A drilling pipe upper end when raised on the base can be connected to the top drive, and an iron roughneck on a rig floor can be used to connect a pipe lower end to a pipe section in the well. Where two drilling machine are used, one can be used for actual drilling at the well center, and the second supplied with pipework for the operation.

Description

The invention relates to a drilling device for a drilling rig or Drilling rig used for exploration and production drilling, particularly on Hydrocarbon deposits can be used. This drilling device can both onshore and offshore. Furthermore, this concerns Invention a method for sinking such a hole.

Modern drilling rigs according to the state of the art consist of a variety of Components, such as a lift (Drawworks), a power screwing device (Iron roughneck), a work platform (rig floor), a boom handling system (Pipe handler), a pipe rack (pipe rack), a crown store (crown block) with a block and tackle (Traveling block) and a power turret (Top drive) as well as a pipe ramp and a catwalk for the Drill pipe and various auxiliary devices for handling.

Such drilling rigs have the disadvantage that they consist of a large number of Components exist due to the constant change in the drilling location of the Drilling rigs a complex and expensive logistics as well as extensive staff need. In addition, the individual components with regard to their Space requirements are not coordinated, so that a relatively large drilling site is required, which is often not available (off-shore) or very expensive is.

US 5,018,588 describes an anchor drilling rig for the introduction of Ground anchors, as used in the civil engineering industry for the protection of Embankments and pile walls are used. That revealed Anchor drilling rig has a caterpillar undercarriage on which a Slewing ring sits on an upper part of the device. There is a mast on this top arranged, on which a carriage is attached, on which in turn via a Rotary device and a hydraulic cylinder a drill carriage is arranged. This drill carriage consists of a support frame, a drill drive and two Grippers in which a boring bar can be held.

The anchor drilling rig is like other anchor drilling rigs (e.g. EP 0 379 187 A1), only suitable for installing earth anchors in the course of civil engineering work. These anchor holes only extend a few meters deep into the ground or the rock and have only small rod lengths up to a maximum of 6 m and Boom diameter up to a maximum of 176 mm (column 1, lines 62 to 64). To the Drilling of exploration and production wells, as exemplified in the Anchor drilling rigs of this type are completely required for the oil and gas industry not suitable.

The object of this invention is to propose a drilling device for exploration and production drilling, a drilling rig and a method with which decisive cost savings in terms of logistics and personnel costs can be achieved. The object of the invention is achieved by claims 1, 16, 21, 25 and 26. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.
The drilling device according to the invention for exploration and production bores consists of a support device, on or in which, by means of a guide, a rotary power head which can be displaced axially to the longitudinal axis of the support device, a multifunctional gripper which can be moved perpendicular to the support device and which guides and engages the drill pipe, the support device itself is rigid, preferably pivotable and / or rotatably mounted. An intermediate piece or a turntable is connected to the carrying device, the intermediate piece or the turntable being arranged directly at the foot of the carrying device.

The advantages achieved with the invention are in particular that a Drilling device is created that is exceptionally space-saving and that Linkage can act independently. The takes with the Carrier connected turntable or the intermediate piece on forces acting on the carrying device.

The power turret consists of the actual drive to close the linkage turn and from a handling device, which the linkage with the Drive shaft of the actual drive connects. This handling facility is located below the actual power turret. Is optional on the Power turret a screwing and locking device arranged.

There is also an elevator under the power turret and handling unit arranged, which serves to lift the boom from the vertical position.

The power turret is arranged on a receiving frame, for example by means of a rope, which can also be reeved several times, with the elevator connected is. The receiving frame is used for example by means of guide rollers a linear guide moved parallel to the longitudinal axis of the support device. The Linear guide can be connected to the carrying device both outside and inside his.

The power head can be moved with the mounting frame in a linear guide educated. The mounting frame for the power turret can be in or on the Support device may be arranged. The tour can be carried out, for example Slide rail and slide pieces as well as by racks and pinions or Guide rollers and guide rails are guaranteed as possible In addition to rack and pinion drives, linear drives are hydraulic and hydraulic drives Drives or several chain hoists are conceivable, but also more linear drives, that result from technological progress could be built in. Another option is a cable or a pulley combination a elevator, a block and tackle block, a dead anchor, one Reserve rope drum and a crown block (bearing).

Preferably, the support device is formed in a box structure, for. B. if it is swiveling, in a kind of swing arm, the bearing of the foot of the Support device can be on, in or below the work platform. Another One possibility is the installation of the carrying device including the foot on one Carrier vehicle, such as B. a mobile workover system.

As a possible working platform, the floor, i. H. the terrain surface become. In a special embodiment of the invention, the work platform is the Drilling device with a substructure consisting of substructure boxes and / or Underpinning supports or other standard solutions (slingshot etc.) can exist, connected.

In a particularly advantageous development of the invention, the slewing ring has the drilling device according to the invention a passage through which a rope is guided, which the power turret above a crown bearing with the elevator combines. The passage is preferably in the middle of the intermediate piece or of the slewing ring arranged for optimal rope guidance during operation to ensure the drilling device.

Another embodiment provides that in the lower area of the support device a power screwing device is arranged just above the work platform, which serves to counter and break.

The power screwing device can be pivoted and / or moved on the Support device may be arranged. Alternatively, there is a possibility that the Power screwing device can be moved or swiveled on the work platform can be arranged.

Below or on the work platform, a holding device, z. B. to Interception of the drill pipe or drill pipes (casings) attached.

The drilling device can also be moved in a further embodiment be arranged. The borehole head can be moved by moving it from the center of the borehole (Wellhead) be made accessible, in particular to put on and take off heavy preventive stacks. There is also the option of vertical drilling device from the area of the borehole move out and, for example, in the area of rod storage stores control to pick up booms. In addition, the Drilling device must be adjusted opposite the center of the borehole (center line). Furthermore, several can be arranged side by side and for example vertically placed boom storage can be taken from the boom. In addition, this advantageous embodiment creates the possibility of the drilling device for row bores (cluster bores) z. B. offshore from Move hole to hole.

The support devices are free-standing, which means that no additional Steel structure must be attached to the work platform in order to Stabilize support devices. However, there is also the possibility of a Steel structure, for example on the work platform to install, creating a Lightweight construction of the support device is made possible because of such an additional structure would increase the rigidity and achieve high bending rigidity. The Main forces can be derived in such a steel structure.

In such a case, this additional steel structure would be in the upper area a holding device, preferably a locking unit, can be arranged, which both a pivotable and rotatable support device in a defined Would hold position. This locking device can be a hollow cylinder be designed to which a flushing hose is connected and to which a Valve is arranged to ensure the flushing supply. the Flushing hose, the flushing is carried out on or in the carrying device or on supplied to the additional steel structure arranged riser. Just when the support device is pivoted, it is advantageous in the Locking device to integrate the flushing supply, so that quasi the rinsing is available automatically and without any further work step.

Due to the linear movement of the power turret, flexible cables for Flushing, energy and control from the riser to the power turret are provided become. This can e.g. B. by an in the upper region of the support device arranged drum can be ensured, which during the downward movement Rolls up the flushing hose and drums it again when moving upwards, see above that the risk of tearing off or other damage during the Linkage installation and removal is avoided.

The power turret is in a preferred embodiment around a parallel axis Support device rotatably arranged. This means you have to pick up a boom only part of the drilling device and thus a lower load can be moved. In addition, the slewing ring can be saved. For example, the Power turret on a long side of the mounting frame by means of a hinge articulated and in the non-rotated state, such as. B. during the drilling process, locked. The lock is released at the beginning of the turning process. The Rotational movement is preferably by means of a hydraulic cylinder or by a or several servomotors.

A further embodiment provides for a freely hanging flushing hose on the free-standing support or on the additional steel structure to arrange.

To erect the support structure from the horizontal to the vertical is one Lifting device provided, which consists of one or more hydraulic or Pneumatic cylinders exist. A winch can also be used instead of a cylinder become. This makes drilling at an angle of 5 to 90 degrees Allows the top of the terrain. The structure can also be sectioned with the help of a Cranes can be carried out if no cylinders or winches are installed.

A particularly advantageous embodiment provides that in the lower area Carrying device is arranged a winch, the rope via a pulley with the Mounting frame on which the power turret is located is attached. Above the Winch is the fixed role of the cable. This winch is operated by means of a Drive unit, preferably from an electric motor with a downstream Gearbox, driven. Other drives, such as. B. hydraulic drive possible. With this arrangement, the movement of the pick frame and thus of the power turret in or on the support device possible, especially if little or no loads have to be moved. This arrangement can the top turret is pulled down, d. H. it becomes a compressive force in Generated towards the ground.

This has the advantage that workover work (work-out work), Drilling and snubbing operations (e.g. pipe installation) can be carried out can or pressure can be generated at the beginning of a hole.

A preferred embodiment of the invention provides that on the work platform Drilling means for pivoting the support device are arranged, wherein this preferably consists of a pivot bearing with a bolt and a Connection element to the carrying device and a lifting device exist, unless it is set up with the help of a crane.

Coming as alternative devices for erecting the carrying device in particular pneumatically or hydraulically operated lifting devices or Winches in question.

Such a drilling device is able to drill holes in to submerge different angles or also, especially with smaller ones Drilling devices to pick up the linkage independently and actively without a special boom handling device is required.

Another advantageous development of the invention provides that in addition to and / or an independent one next to the work platform or next to the carrying device Handling device is arranged, which preferably consists of a trolley, which is slidably arranged on rails. There's one on the car Boom unit arranged, which is advantageously rotatable and / or by means of a Swivel device is pivotally mounted in a vertical plane and from a boom mounting unit and / or at least one holding unit, preferably a gripper.

In the interaction between the boom handling device, the Drilling device can be automatically and quickly supplied with rods, especially since the boom handling device is able to various boom stocks, especially boom boxes, booms remove and feed to the drilling device. One is particularly advantageous such execution in combination with a drilling rig consisting of at least two Drilling devices exist, then a rod handling device can be saved.

The following is intended to refer to a special embodiment of the invention as shown in FIG. 4 is shown, will be discussed in more detail.

The elevator is installed in one of the sub-boxes. The reserve rope drum can also be accommodated in one of these boxes. The crown camp is in attached to the upper area of the carrying device.

The rope is passed through the intermediate piece of the support device to a possible later rotatability of the carrying device not to impair and that To protect the rope when retrofitting a slewing ring. Above the elevator There is a carriage that guides the rope through the intermediate piece supported in the pivot point of the support device. This arrangement will Rope only slightly wound and not subjected to additional stresses when a Turntable is installed later, e.g. B. in combination with a second Drilling. Another advantage of this design is that it is extremely deep The focus of such a drilling device.

A further embodiment provides for a small winch in the lower area of the Install support device to the mounting frame of the power turret too pull down, especially when installing a lift as Linear drive is provided, as is also shown in Figure 1. The rope of this small winch is attached to the lower part of the mounting frame or via a deflection roller attached to the mounting frame is guided downwards and attached. By these winds can do both work of overcoming, drilling operations as well Snubbing operations (or pipe installation) can be carried out more easily.

A further embodiment provides that one next to the drilling device Linkage storage is arranged, which is vertical and for the rotatable variant for the swiveling variant is arranged horizontally.

In the vertical version, for example, the boom storage is on the right and to the left of a rail-bound boom handling system. The Boom handling system removes the boom from the vertical Rod storage and conveys it to a defined set Pick-up position.

Another possibility provides that the power screw device perpendicular to Carrier is slidable and / or retracted into the carrier can. The advantage of such a design is that the downhole equipment (Underground equipment) without problems in the borehole can be.

A drilling rig is also claimed, which is characterized in that two or more drilling devices are arranged, which alternate over move or rotate or swivel the center of the borehole. The advantage of such Execution is that the one drilling device the actual one Carries out the drilling process and supplies the other with rods for this process becomes. This reduces the drilling time and optimizes the Profitability achieved.

The drilling rigs are preferably essentially point-symmetrical to the center arranged of the borehole.

Since the drilling device loading a rod is not located above the center of the borehole, the other drilling device can connect the previously loaded rod to the drill string in the borehole and sink the borehole further.
This creates the possibility of sinking the borehole almost continuously. Another advantage is that the drilling rig can be operated with a minimum of drilling personnel, since the operations, especially in the handling of the rods etc., are carried out almost fully automatically.

In particular when using a steel structure, the two can Carrying units or drilling devices advantageously by means of a rope, a chain or a kinematic chain to be connected required energy for the swiveling variant of the supporting devices minimize. The connection of the two support units is via a deflection point, For example, a role in the upper part of the steel structure is arranged, guaranteed. With such an arrangement, the energy of the storing supporting unit can be used for erecting the other supporting unit. In such an embodiment, a is preferably on the upper steel structure Damping device installed to avoid possible resonance vibrations to avoid the drilling rig being initiated. Such Damping unit could, for example, from a spring or from a Hydraulic cylinder with throttle exist.

The inventive method is characterized in that in the swiveling variant the support device in the horizontal for the reception of the Linkage is ready.

The power turret is in the upper position and the multifunctional gripper is in the same height as the poles, for example, on the trestles. The The boom is rolled over the carrying device. Then in the lying Condition of the linkage gripped by the multifunctional gripper and thus locked. Then by means of the power turret and Handling device, which is arranged below the power turret, the upper connection with the linkage. Then the Lifting device lifted into the vertical by means of the lifting device and the lower one Connection between the rod on the support device and that in the borehole located linkage performed. Optionally, when reaching this position the supporting device can be locked to a steel structure.

As already mentioned, there is the possibility that the supporting unit can be free-standing can, in which case a locking or holding the support unit in the rotation or Pivot point range is made.

The connection between the power shaft and linkage is particularly in the Repositioning of rods made during drilling. With boom in and - The boom can only be removed from the elevator under the Power turret is arranged to be hooked in, especially since the thread of the Linkage is spared and the operations are carried out faster can.

The lower linkage is by the standing on the platform or on the support unit integrated power screwing device ensures which for this purpose either extends out of the carrying device via the center of the borehole or via The center of the borehole is pivoted by means of a hinge. Another configuration provides that the power screwing device is conventional on the work platform is slidably arranged. Likewise, after the screw connection between the drill hole and the drill pipe located in the drilling device are finished, the multifunctional gripper released and moved into the carrying unit.

Then the power screwing device is maneuvered out of the area that Holding device released and the drilling process continued. For this the Power turret lowered in the guide of the carrying device.

The use of two swiveling drilling devices means that advantageous possibility that a located in the horizontal position Drill picks up the linkage while the other drill is drilling. As soon as the vertical drilling device has finished drilling and thus the power turret has arrived in the lower position, the horizontal horizontal drilling device lifted into the vertical by means of the lifting device become. The power turret is in the depositing drilling device during this movement moved back to the upper position.

Another advantageous embodiment of the inventive method is by a rigid support device possible, as shown for example in Figure 4. The boom is made using the rail-bound boom handling system removed from the rod storage and moved towards the working platform. The power turret is in the upper position.

The boom handling device tilts the boom towards the Carrying device, the power head and the elevator as well as the handling system is lowered to a height at which the elevator surrounds the boom can. When this height is reached, the elevator comprises the linkage. simultaneously the multifunctional gripper extends from the carrying device and encloses it Linkage so that this is fixed in position, but in a vertical position Direction can be shifted.

The linkage is then suspended in the elevator by the linear drive raised, the multifunctional gripper pulling the linkage in the lower area leads and controls and in coordination with the process in the Linear guide moves into the support unit. Once the turret is in the top Position has arrived, the upper connection between the drive shaft and Linkage using the handling device or by a screw and Counter device carried out. Then the boom is lowered and by means of the power screw connection with the in the borehole located linkage performed. Then the multifunctional gripper retracted, the holding device released and the drilling process continued. Alternatively, the rod in the elevator can be hung with the one in the borehole existing rods are screwed and only then with the Power turret using the handling device or one on the power turret screwing and counter device located.

Another process step provides that the linkage by means of rail-bound boom handling device to the defined pick-up point is promoted. The support device rotates about the longitudinal axis of itself Help the built-in turntable and stops exactly above the pick-up point. The At this point the power turret is in the upper position of the Carrying device. Alternatively, only the Power turret from the mounting frame to a defined pick-up point be pivoted or rotated.

Now the power turret and thus also the handling device and the elevator are lowered. The elevator is swung out while lowering. As soon as the elevator can enclose the linkage, it is pivoted in and encloses the linkage.
The multifunctional gripper is extended from the carrying device and also encloses the linkage. This serves to hold the linkage at two points and to avoid slagging when handling it further.

The linkage is then raised parallel to the linear guide by means of the upwardly moving elevator until the rotary head has reached the upper position. Then the support device is pivoted over the center of the borehole.
The upper connection between the drive shaft and the linkage by means of a screwing and counter device or with the aid of the handling device can take place during this lifting and rotating movement in order to optimize the overall times.

Then the lower connection is made using the power screwing device performed and then the power screwing device out of the Area maneuvered out of the center of the borehole.

The multifunctional gripper is inserted into the support unit, the holding device solved and the drilling process continues.

When using two or more drilling devices, one drilling device can take up a new rod and the other can drill, so that almost continuous drilling is ensured. Appropriate control prevents the rotating drilling devices from colliding.
When installing and removing rods (round trips), screwing to the drive shaft of the power turret is normally not necessary.

Instead of rods, individual boring bars, casings, pipe tours, Piping or pipe-like objects are used.

Exemplary embodiments for the rigid variant with a drilling device and rail-bound boom handling system or the rotatable variant with two Drilling devices and boom handling system (vertical pipe handler / horizontal pipe handler possible) are explained in Figures 1-10.

Figur 1

die Seitenansicht der Trageinrichtung,

Figur 2

die Vorderansicht einer Trageinrichtung,

Figur 3

die Draufsicht auf den oberen Teil einer drehbaren Trageinrichtung,

Figur 4

die Seitenansicht einer Bohrvorrichtung mit einer Tragvorrichtung (starre Anordnung),

Figur 5

die Vorderansicht einer Bohranlage,

Figur 6

die Draufsicht einer starren Bohrvorrichtung,

Figur 7

eine schienengebundene Gestängehandlingseinrichtung (für horizontale oder vertikale Gestängelager),

Figur 8

eine Vorderansicht einer Bohranlage,

Figur 9

die Draufsicht auf eine Bohranlage mit zwei Bohrvorrichtungen,

Figur 10

eine Seitenansicht mit zwei Bohrvorrichtungen mit Drehkränzen.

Show it:

Figure 1

the side view of the carrying device,

Figure 2

the front view of a carrying device,

Figure 3

the top view of the upper part of a rotatable support device,

Figure 4

the side view of a drilling device with a carrying device (rigid arrangement),

Figure 5

the front view of a drilling rig,

Figure 6

the top view of a rigid drilling device,

Figure 7

a rail-bound boom handling device (for horizontal or vertical boom bearings),

Figure 8

a front view of a drilling rig,

Figure 9

the top view of a drilling rig with two drilling devices,

Figure 10

a side view with two drilling devices with slewing rings.

In the figures 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9 and 10, the receiving frame 4 are with Power turret 2 and handling device 5 or the Boom handling device 23 shown in two different positions, where a position is shown in dashed lines. In the broken line of the receiving frame and the power turret is not the guide roller 11 shown.

Figure 1 shows the side view of the support device 1 with the power turret 2, the linear guide 3 attached to the support device, the receiving frame 4 for the power turret, the handling device under the power turret 5 and the elevator 6 for the linkage takeover. A screwing and locking device is optionally arranged below the power turret in order to firmly screw a rod fed by means of the handling device to the shaft of the power turret, or e.g. B. when removing the linkage to break the connection between the power head and linkage again. Struts 42 of the support device 1 are envisaged, which improve the statics of the support device.
Furthermore, the crown bearing 7, which is integrated in the upper region of the carrying device, is shown. The rope 13 is guided through the slewing ring 9 by means of the bushing 8 so as not to change the position of the rope during the rotational movement.
The slewing ring 9 is mounted under the carrying device 1 and is firmly connected to the work platform.
To perform snubbing operations such as B. the installation of pipes, a winch 10 is installed in the lower region of the support device 1. The rope (not shown) of this winch is in this case passed over a deflection roller 11 in order to take advantage of the rope pull effect.
The multifunctional gripper 12, which grips and guides the linkage and can be moved horizontally, is shown as a further assembly.
In order to enable the supply of flushing, the flushing hose 15 is indicated, which in this example hangs partly freely.

A connecting element 105 is arranged on the slewing ring, on which means Pillow block 104 and bolt a rigid holding element, in this case a strut 103 is appropriate. The other end of the strut 103 is on one side of the Support device 1 firmly connected. Another connecting element 110 contains a further plummer block 104 and connects the support device 1 by means of bolts ago. As a result, the entire support device can be held vertically. Of course, other connecting elements with which the support device 1 can be held, conceivable.

FIG. 2 shows the front view of the carrying device 1 with the power rotary head 2, the receiving frame 4, the handling device 5 and the elevator 6.

Furthermore, the crown bearing 7 is also indicated here. In the middle of the carrying device 1 one can see the rope 13, which is guided in the lower area through the bushing 8 through the turntable 9.
The flushing hose (shown in FIG. 1, not shown here) is connected to the pipe connection 16 in order to introduce the flushing into the power turret.
For snubbing or pipe installation, the winch 10 is mounted in the lower part of the carrying device 1 and is driven, for example, by an electric motor with a downstream transmission (drive unit 14).

Figure 3 shows the top view of a rotatable support device 1 with the linear guide 3, in which the receiving frame 4 with the rotary head 2 mounted thereon is guided by means of guide rollers.
The dashed quarter-circle line represents the pivot line 30 for this arrangement up to a fictitious pick-up point 28. The drive shaft 45, like the cover 43 of the power turret, is only indicated.

FIG. 4 shows the side view of the drilling device with a carrying device corresponding to FIG. 1.
In this variant of a non-rotatable drilling device, the slewing ring is not required. However, in order to enable an upgrade in a simple manner, an intermediate piece 27 which replaces the slewing ring is used, which preferably has the same dimensions and connecting dimensions as the actual slewing ring, and also contains the bushing 8.
For this purpose, the working platform 21, which serves to receive the intermediate piece 27, as well as the substructure boxes 19 and the support 22, which serves to support the working platform, are shown.
Furthermore, the elevator 17, which can be installed in the upper and in the lower sub-box, is shown.
The rope 13 is always positively guided by means of the carriage 18 over the liver grooves of the elevator drum.
The rods are fed or picked up by means of the preferably rail-bound rod handling device 23, which can be moved on the rails 24 and transports and adjusts the rod 25.

Also shown are the cross struts 42, which the statics of the box structure Improve support 1. Instead of this truss construction there is also one closed box construction can be used.

The linkage is from a linkage storage, not shown, by means of the Boom handling device 23 removed and over the rails 24 of the Drilling device supplied. The linkage 25 is by means of a gripper 125 Linkage mounting unit 122 fed so far that it is from the elevator 6, which in the corresponding position moves down, can be included. To secure the Optionally, the boom ramp 126 is arranged in the lower part of the boom. 123 denotes a pivoting device with which the boom 124 in a vertical Level can be moved. 129 numbers the blow-out-preventer (BOP) stack, above borehole 130, not shown.

Figure 5 shows the front view of the drilling rig with the support device 1 corresponding to Figure 2, wherein the slewing ring 9 has been replaced by a rigid intermediate piece 27.
In this view, the power screwing device 20 is shown as an example, which was mounted in this form on the work platform 21. Furthermore, the power rotary head 2 is shown with the handling device 5 underneath.
The rope 13 is always positively guided by the carriage 18 over the liver groove of the elevator 17, so that from this device the rope 13 is safely guided through the bushing 8 to the crown bearing 7.
The carrying device 1 is connected to the work platform 21 by the intermediate piece 27. On the work platform 21, the driver's cabin 127 arranged thereon is also indicated.

FIG. 6 shows the top view of the rigid drilling device on the work platform 21. The top view shows the lateral arrangement of the power screwing device 20. The rods are removed from the vertically standing rod boxes 26 by the rail-bound rod handling system 23, which moves on the rails 24, and the Drilling device supplied. With this arrangement of the vertical rod boxes 26 any storage capacity can be achieved.

FIG. 7 shows the rail-bound rod handling device 23. It is possible to store the rod 25 in vertically standing or horizontally lying (not shown) rod boxes 26 or to remove them from these.

The rods 25 are off during transport or loading or unloading guided or fixed the rod boxes by fingers or transport brackets 128. In this embodiment, the individual rods 25 from the boxes 26 removed by means of the rod handling device 23. The Linkage mounting unit 122 with two grippers 125 in this example by means of the Cantilever 124, which by the swivel device 123 in a vertical plane can pivot, brought up to the linkage 25 and gripped the linkage 25. The boom 124 is then pivoted back. In this example the Carriage 121 on rails 24 towards the drilling rig (not shown) emotional. Furthermore, a rotating device 120 is provided with which the boom 124 can be rotated with the boom mounting unit 122 on the carriage 121 can, for example, to reach a specific pick-up point 28. Not the possibility of displacing the rod mounting unit 122 is shown so that short strokes are possible to move the linkage 25 easier to remove from the transport bracket.

Figure 8 shows the front view of the drilling system in section with two support devices 1 and the associated components, as shown in Figure 2, wherein one of the support devices is not shown by the section. In this version, this drilling rig is equipped with a slewing ring 9 under the carrying device 1 in order to alternately pivot the drilling device over the center of the borehole.

Furthermore, the rail-bound boom handling system 23 with the Rails 24 shown, which the linkage to the respective pick-up points transported.

FIG. 9 shows the top view of the drilling rig according to the invention with two drilling devices 40.
In this view, the one drilling device 40 has been pivoted in over the center of the borehole 130 and is just ending the drilling process, and the other drilling device 41 has been pivoted out and is ready with the loaded rod 25 to pivot over the center of the borehole 130. The power screwing device 20 is arranged in the center in order to advantageously break or connect the connections.
Also shown is the rail-bound boom handling device 23 with the rails 24 and the boom boxes 26.
The rods 25 are transported to the pick-up points 28 and taken over by the handling device 5 (not shown) with the elevator 6 underneath (not shown).

FIG. 10 shows the side view with the double drilling devices 40, 41 corresponding to FIG. 1 (swung out, 41) and FIG. 2 (swung in, 40), which are fastened on the two turntables 9 on the work platform 21.
This version of the drilling system has two lifting mechanisms 17 and two ropes 13, only the lifting mechanism 17 and the rope 13 of the drilling device 40 being shown in FIG. 10.
In this exemplary embodiment, the drilling device 40 is optionally schematically shown pivotably from the vertical to the horizontal position, the lifting device being drawn as 107, the swivel bearing as 108 and the connecting element as 109.

By doubling the drilling devices, it is now possible to use the drill one device and with the other device the rod subpoena. This allows the hole to be sunk more quickly.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

support means

2

Top drive

3

linear guide

4

mounting frame

5

handling device

6

Elevator

7

crown stock

8th

execution

9

slewing ring

10

winch

11

idler pulley

12

Multifunctional gripper

13

rope

14

drive unit

15

flushing hose

16

pipe connection

17

hoist

19

foundation pit

20

Kraftverschraubeinrichtung

21

platform

22

support

23

Pipe-handling equipment

24

rails

25

linkage

26

boom boxes

27

connecting piece

28

pick up point

30

pivot line

40

drilling

41

further drilling device

42

Supporting struts (1)

43

Power head cover (2)

44

Guide rollers in the linear guide (3)

45

Power shaft drive shaft (2)

46

Fixed pulley of the cable, which has a rope and the pulley 11 with the Winch 10 is connected

102

tool joints

103

Rigid holding element

104

Pillow block with pin

105

Connecting element between the holding element (103) and slewing ring (9) or Intermediate piece (27)

107

hoist

108

Swivel bearing with pin

109

Connecting element between lifting device (107) and slewing ring (9) or Intermediate piece (27)

110

Connecting element between the support device (1) and slewing ring (9) or Intermediate piece (27)

120

rotator

121

Boom Handling Equipment Cart (23)

122

Rod cartridge unit

123

swivel device

124

Boom Handling Equipment Boom (23)

125

Boom pickup gripper (122)

126

linkage ramp

127

helm

128

Fingers or transport brackets

129

129 BOP (blow out preventer) stack

130

well

Claims (30)

1. Drilling apparatus for exploratory drillings and production wells, comprising a carrier device (1), a power rotary head (2) as well as a gripping means (12), characterised in that the power rotary head (2) is disposed so as to be displaceable axially relative to the longitudinal axis of the carrier device (1) in or directly on the carrier device (1) by means of a guiding means and in that the gripping means (12), for the purpose of gripping or respectively guiding a drill pipe (25), is disposed so as to be displaceable perpendicularly relative to the axis of the carrier device (1) and in that an intermediate part or a rotating track (9) is connected to the carrier device (1), wherein the intermediate part or the rotating track (9) is disposed directly at the base of the carrier device (1).
2. Drilling apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that the carrier device (1) is disposed so as to be displaceable.
3. Drilling apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the rotary track (9) includes a lead-in (8), through which a cable (13) is guided, which cable (13) connects the power rotary head (2) to a lifting apparatus (17) via a crown bearing (7).
4. Drilling apparatus according to claims 1 to 3, characterised in that means are disposed on the rotating track (9) for pivoting the carrier device (1).
5. Drilling apparatus according to claim 4, characterised in that the means consist of a pivotal bearing with a pin (108) and a connecting member (109) as well as a lifting apparatus (107).
6. Drilling apparatus according to claims 1 to 5, characterised in that a winch (10) is disposed in the lower region of the carrier device (1), the cable of the winch (10) being secured to the receiving frame (4) via a guide roller (11).
7. Drilling apparatus according to claim 6, characterised in that the winch (10) is driven by means of a drive unit (14), preferably consisting of an electric motor with gearing connected at the outlet side.
8. Drilling apparatus according to claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the carrier device (1) is connected to a working platform (21) via the rotating track (9), the lifting apparatus (17) with a carriage (18) being disposed below the working platform (21) and a power screw-connecting apparatus (20) being disposed on the working platform (21) or in the lower region of the carrier device (1) above the working platform (21), this power screw-connecting apparatus (20) being preferably configured so as to be displaceable or pivotable.
9. Drilling apparatus according to claim 8, characterised in that the lifting apparatus (17) is disposed in at least one base box (19), which supports the working platform (21).
10. Drilling apparatus according to claims 1 to 9, characterised in that a pipe handling device (23) is disposed near or/and below the working platform (21) or near the carrier device (1).
11. Drilling apparatus according to claim 10, characterised in that the pipe handling device (23) consists of a carriage (121), which is disposed so as to be displaceable on rails (24), and in that a pipe receiving unit (122) is disposed on the carriage (121), which pipe receiving unit (122) is rotatably and/or pivotably mounted in a vertical plane by means of a pivoting device (123).
12. Drilling apparatus according to claim 11, characterised in that the pipe receiving unit (122) is formed from a gripping receiving means (124) and/or a retaining unit, preferably a gripping means (125).
13. Drilling apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that a locking apparatus is disposed at the upper end of the carrier device (1), which locking apparatus is connected to a steel frame structure, preferably a tower or a mast.
14. Drilling apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterised in that the power rotary head (2) is mounted so as to be rotatable about a parallel axis of the carrier device.
15. Drilling apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterised in that a drum is disposed on or in the carrier device (1), onto which drum the scavenging hose and/or the electric and control lines are rolled.
16. Drilling rig, comprising at least two drilling apparatuses according to claims 1 to 15, characterised in that the drilling rigs are disposed so as to be alternately displaceable or rotatable or pivotable over the centre of a drill hole (130).
17. Drilling rig according to claim 16, characterised in that two drilling devices (40, 41) are disposed substantially symmetrically relative to the centre of the drilling hole (130).
18. Drilling rig according to claim 16 or 17, characterised in that the pivotable drilling devices are interconnected, the connection preferably being produced through the means of a claw-type chain or a cable or a chain.
19. Drilling rig according to one of claims 16 to 18, characterised in that a steel frame structure is disposed between two drilling apparatuses, on which steel frame structure the drilling apparatuses are lockable in a reciprocal manner, the drilling apparatuses being connected by means of cable or chain via a pivotal point or a guide roller, which is disposed in the steel frame structure.
20. Drilling rig according to claim 19, characterised in that a damping device is disposed on the carrier devices of the drilling apparatuses or the steel frame structure, the damping unit preferably being in the form of a hydraulic cylinder and a throttling means.
21. Method for sinking a well as well as for installing pipes, by means of a drilling apparatus according to claims 1 to 20, characterised in that

    a) the carrier device (1) lies ready in the horizontal for the receiving of the pipe, wherein the power rotary head (2) lies in the upper position and the gripping means (12) lies at approximately the same height as the pipe (25),

    b) the pipe (25) is rolled on or over the carrier device (1) and subsequently

    c) the pipe (25) is gripped by the gripping means (12) and held and then

    d) by means of the power rotary head (1) and the handling device (5), which is preferably disposed below the power rotary head, the upper connection between the driving means of the power rotary head (2) and the pipe (25) is produced and subsequently

    e) the carrier device (1) is raised into the vertical by means of the lifting apparatus (107) and

    f) the lower connection between the pipe (25) and the pipe situated in the drill hole (130) is produced.
22. Method according to claim 21, characterised in that after the carrier device (1) has been lifted into the vertical, the carrier device (1) is locked in a steel frame structure.
23. Method according to claim 21 or 22, characterised in that the method steps a) to f) are carried out in reverse order to remove pipes (25) and to deposit them on or in a pipe store, wherein instead of the production of a connection d) and f) the release of the connection and in place of the lifting of the carrier device (1) (e) the lowering of the carrier device is carried out.
24. Method according to claim 23, characterised in that where the carrier device (1) is locked in a steel frame structure, the locking is released.
25. Method for sinking a well as well as for installing pipes by means of a drilling apparatus according to claims 1 to 20, characterised in that

    a) a non-displaceable carrier device (1) is used and

    b) the pipe (25) is removed from a pipe store by means of a pipe handling apparatus (23), which is attached to rails, and is displaced in the direction of the carrier device,

    c) wherein the upper region of the pipe (25) is introduced in such a manner to the power rotary head (1) or to the elevator (6) that the elevator (6) can grasp the pipe and subsequently

    d) the pipe (25) is grasped in the upper region by the elevator (6) and in the lower region by the gripping means (12), and then

    e) drive shaft of the power rotary head (2) is screw connected and

    f) subsequently lowered and the connection between the pipe situated in the drill hole (130) is produced by means of power screw-connecting device (20).
26. Method for sinking a well as well as for installing pipes by means of a drilling apparatus according to claims 1 to 20, characterised in that

    a) a carrier device (1), which is rotatable about the longitudinal axis, is used, which carrier device (1)

    b) is rotated above a collection point (28), wherein the power rotary head (2) is situated in the upper or central region of the carrier device (1), whilst beforehand or at the same time a pipe (25) is conveyed to the collection point (28) by means of a pipe handling device (23), this latter preferably being attached to rails, and is there made ready and then

    c) the power rotary head (2) and the handling device (5), which is connected thereto, and the elevator (6) are lowered until the elevator (6) can encompass the pipe (25) and then

    d) the elevator (6) grasps the pipe (25) and the gripping means (12) is extended from the carrier device (1) until it encompasses the pipe (25) and

    e) the pipe (25) is raised and the carrier device (1) is pivoted over the drill hole (130), where the pipe (25),

    f) by means of the power screw-connecting device (20), is connected to the pipe situated in the drill hole as well as to the drive shaft of the power rotary head (2).
27. Method according to claims 26 or 21, characterised in that the upper connection between drive shaft of the power rotary head (2) and the pipe (25) is effected by means of a screw-connecting and counter-screw-connecting device or by means of the handling device (5) during the lifting and rotating movement.
28. Method according to claims 26 or 27, characterised in that in the step a), instead of the carrier device (1), only the power rotary head (2) is rotated about a vertical axis parallel relative to the longitudinal axis of the carrier device out of the centre of the drill hole and positioned over a collection point.
29. Method according to claims 21 to 28, characterised in that initially the connection between the pipe (25) and the pipe situated in the drill hole is produced followed by the upper connection between pipe and drive shaft of the power rotary head (2).
30. Method according to claims 21 to 29, characterised in that during the installation and removal operations the pipe (25) is suspended only in the elevator (6) and is not connected to the drive shaft of the power rotary head.

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