CN105274965B - Slope protection structure of aquaculture pond and construction method for slope protection structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a slope protection structure of an aquaculture pond and a construction method for the slope protection structure, and belongs to the field of aquaculture. The slope protection structure comprises an upper reinforcing device, a lower reinforcing device, a slope surface and a fresh water drainage ditch. The upper reinforcing device is located on a dam body at the top of the slope surface. The upper reinforcing device is in a right-angled shape. One edge of the upper reinforcing device perpendicularly stretches into the ground of the top of the dam body so as to fix the upper portion of the slope protection structure, and the other edge of the upper reinforcing device is tightly attached to the ground of the top of the dam body, is higher than the ground of the top of the dam body, and then is connected with the slope surface in the direction facing the pond. The fresh water drainage ditch is located in the middle of the top of the dam body shared by two ponds. The bottom face of the fresh water drainage ditch is lower than the top of the dam body. The slope surface is connected with the upper reinforcing device and the lower reinforcing device of the pond, and an inclined included angle is formed between the slope surface and the bottom face of the pond. The lower reinforcing device is located at the bottom of the slope surface and is in a right-angled shape. One edge of the right-angled-shaped lower reinforcing device is tightly attached to the bottom face of the pond and connected with the slope surface, and the other edge perpendicularly stretches into the bottom face of the pond so as to fix the lower portion of the slope protection structure. A protected slope can be prevented from sliding down or sinking, and the integrity effect, the stability effect and the fixity effect are good.

Description

Slope protection structure and construction method of a culture pond

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of aquaculture, and in particular relates to a slope protection structure and a construction method of an aquaculture pond.

Background technique

Pond culture of japonicus is one of the main culture models in northern my country, which has the advantages of easy control of the culture environment, simple process, considerable yield and benefit. In the process of pond cultivation, strong wind and rain can easily lead to the collapse of the pond dam, turbidity of pond water, and fresh water injection, which is not good for sea cucumber cultivation. Therefore, slope protection is one of the important techniques of pond culture.

A solid pond dam can not only protect the pond dam from collapse or cloudy water, but also is an important activity area for its japonicus. Since the sun on the slope protection is relatively sufficient, a large number of benthic algae grow on it, providing habitat space and natural bait for sea cucumbers, which is conducive to the growth of sea cucumbers, and improves the survival rate and breeding benefits. With the continuous optimization of sea cucumber pond culture technology, slope protection, as one of the important technical processes, has attracted people's attention.

The dam body of the aquaculture pond is generally relatively soft, and there is a lot of silt at the bottom of the pond. These objective factors have brought greater difficulty to slope protection. At present, the slope protection technology in the breeding process is relatively backward. Most of the existing slope protections are woven cloth slope protection, simple cement slope protection, brick and stone slope protection, sandbag slope protection and so on. The slope body of woven fabric slope protection is vulnerable to the impact of water waves, and the soil under the fabric will be lost until it finally collapses, and natural bait such as benthic algae should not be attached to the woven fabric; in addition, under the condition of high temperature or poor water flow, the woven fabric and its The soil under the body is prone to rancidity, and sea cucumbers do not like to inhabit. Although simple cement slope protection can grow and attach a large amount of benthic algae, due to the simple process of slope protection, the slope body is not firm. With the prolongation of cultivation time, the cement slope protection is easy to loose and crack and finally collapse. There are also major problems in masonry slope protection: one is that the bricks are easily corroded by seawater and their service life is not long; the other is that the cost of the stones is relatively high; the third is that these two materials are not conducive to the growth and Habitat of sea cucumbers.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a slope protection structure and construction method of a culture pond. The method of the invention is suitable for slope protection of aquaculture ponds, and has the advantages of firm slope body, unsuitable for subsidence, preventing strong wind and rainwater from scouring the dam body to ensure clean pool water, long service life, and the like. The slope protection is made of concrete, which is easy to attach to the benthic organisms, provides habitat space and natural bait for the breeding organisms, and improves the breeding output; and the slope protection has a freshwater drainage channel to prevent land freshwater from entering the pond in rainy seasons.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A slope protection structure for aquaculture ponds, said slope protection structure comprising: an upper reinforcement device, a lower reinforcement device, a slope surface, and a fresh water drainage channel; One side of the reinforcement device is vertical and extends into the ground of the dam crest to fix the upper part of the slope protection structure. The other side of the rectangular reinforcement device is close to the ground of the dam crest and higher than the ground of the dam crest, and then connects to the slope toward the pond; drains fresh water The canal is located in the middle of the shared dam crest of the two ponds, and the bottom surface of the freshwater channel is lower than the height of the dam crest; the slope connects the upper reinforcement device and the lower reinforcement device of the pond, and the slope and the bottom of the pond have an inclined angle; the lower reinforcement device is located on the slope The bottom of the pond is right-angled, and one side of the right-angled lower reinforcement device is close to the bottom of the pond and connected to the slope, and the other side is vertical and extends into the bottom of the pond to fix the lower part of the slope protection structure.

Further, the length of the right-angled side between the upper reinforcement device of the slope protection structure and the dam crest ground is 30-50cm, the upper reinforcement device is 8-12cm higher than the dam crest ground, and the length vertically extending into the dam crest ground is 30-50cm ;

Further, the depth of the freshwater drainage channel of the slope protection structure is 20-30cm, and the width is 30-50cm;

Further, the included angle between the slope surface of the slope protection structure and the bottom surface of the pond is 125° to 150°;

Furthermore, the length of the right-angled side connecting the slope of the lower fixing device of the slope protection structure is 20-40 cm, and the length of the other side extending below the bottom of the pond is 20-60 cm.

The present invention also provides the laying method of the slope protection structure comprising: leveling and compacting the pond dam body, the dam body including the pond top, the pond slope surface and the pond bottom surface, laying a layer of polyethylene woven cloth close to the soil for the entire slope protection structure A layer of concrete is laid on the top of the woven fabric, a piece of steel-plastic grid is laid on the top of the concrete, and concrete is laid on the top of the steel-plastic grid. After laying, it is compacted to make the whole slope protection poured into one; then the top of the slope protection is covered with a layer of plastic film for drying in the shade , to prevent cracking after direct sunlight; regular watering maintenance until the concrete is hard.

Further, the thickness of the concrete laid on the upper layer of the woven cloth is 3-6 cm, and the thickness of the concrete laid above the plastic-steel grid is 3-6 cm.

The beneficial effect of the present invention compared with prior art:

1. The slope protection upper and lower fixing devices of the invention can firmly fix the slope protection slope surface on the dam body, and can prevent the slope protection slope from slipping and sinking under the condition of soft soil of the dam body, and the integrity, stability and fixation effect are good. The woven cloth is laid on the slope protection bottom of the invention to prevent concrete from mixing with pool dam soil, which is beneficial to the solidification of the concrete and maintains the hard strength.

2. The slope protection of this invention can discharge the rainwater on the dam body through the freshwater drainage channel in the summer rainy season, preventing a large amount of fresh water on the pond dam from carrying soil into the pond and causing the pond water to be turbid or salinity lowered.

3. The slope protection method of the invention is simple to lay, and a layer of plastic steel grid is laid inside the slope protection concrete to replace the steel bars, which not only saves costs, but also strengthens the firmness of the slope protection and prolongs the service life of the slope protection.

4. The slope protection slope of the invention is conducive to the growth of benthic algae and other organisms and the habitat of sea cucumbers, which increases the habitat space of sea cucumbers, improves the basic productivity of bait organisms, and helps to increase the cultivation output of sea cucumbers.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the vertical profile of the structure of the slope protection of the present invention: 1 upper reinforcement device, 2 dam crest grounds, 3 rows of fresh water canals, 4 dam bodies, 5 plastic steel grids, 6 slope surfaces, 7 included angles, 8 lower reinforcement devices, 9 Pond bottom.

detailed description

The implementation and construction of the present invention will be further explained through the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited in any form by the examples.

Example 1

A slope protection structure of a breeding pond, used for sea cucumber cultivation, the slope protection structure includes: an upper reinforcement device 1, a lower reinforcement device 8, a slope surface 6, and a freshwater drainage channel 3; the upper reinforcement device 1 is located at the dam body at the top of the slope surface The upper part is rectangular, wherein one side of the right-angled upper reinforcement device is vertical and fixedly extends into the ground 2 of the dam crest to fix the upper part of the slope protection structure, and the other side of the right-angled upper reinforcement device is parallel to the dam crest ground 2 and is close to the top of the dam crest ground 2 , and higher than the dam crest ground 2, and then connect the slope 6 towards the pond direction; The slope surface 6 of the slope protection structure connects the upper reinforcement device 1 and the lower reinforcement device 8 of the pond. The slope surface 6 and the bottom surface of the pond 9 have an inclined angle 7; One side of the lower reinforcing device 8 is parallel to the pond bottom 9 and connected to the slope protection slope 6, and the other side is perpendicular to the pond bottom 9 and extends into the pond bottom to fix the bottom of the slope protection structure.

The laying method of the slope protection structure includes: leveling and compacting the pond dam body (dam crest, slope surface and adjacent pond bottom surface), laying a layer of polyethylene woven cloth close to the soil, laying a layer of concrete above the woven cloth, and laying a layer of concrete above the concrete. Steel-plastic grille, concrete is laid on the steel-plastic grille, and compacted after laying, so that the entire slope protection is poured as a whole; then the slope protection is covered with a layer of plastic film to dry in the shade to prevent dry cracking after direct sunlight; regular watering maintenance, until the concrete until hard.

The length of the right-angle side that the upper reinforcement device of the slope protection structure is close to the dam crest ground is 40cm, and the upper reinforcement device is higher than the dam crest ground 10cm, and the length vertically extending into the dam crest ground limit is 40cm;

The depth of the freshwater drain of the slope protection structure is 25cm, and the width is 40cm;

The angle between the slope surface of the slope protection structure and the bottom surface of the pond is 135°;

The lower fixing device of the slope protection structure connects the length of the right-angled side of the slope to 30cm, and the other side extends into the length below the bottom surface of the pond to be 40cm;

The slope protection laying method is to lay 4cm of concrete on the upper layer of the woven cloth, and then lay 4cm of concrete on the plastic steel grid, and the cost is about 65 yuan/square meter.

Production practice shows: the slope protection of the japonicus cultivating pond of the present invention has the advantages of simple laying, firm slope protection, long service life (up to 10 years); Inhabitation and growth of sea cucumbers. The slope surface of the slope protection is made of concrete, which is conducive to the growth of sea cucumber bait organisms such as benthic algae, and is also conducive to the habitat of sea cucumbers. The efficiency of sea cucumber breeding can be increased by more than 25%.

Claims (7)

1. a slope protection structure of a breeding pond is characterized in that said slope protection structure comprises: an upper reinforcement device (1), a lower reinforcement device (8), a slope (6), a freshwater drainage channel (3); an upper reinforcement device On the dam body (4) at the top of the slope, the upper reinforcement device is rectangular, one side of the right-angled upper reinforcement device is vertical and extends into the bottom of the dam crest to fix the upper part of the slope protection structure, and the other side is close to the ground of the dam crest and higher than the dam top the ground, and then connect the slope towards the pond; the freshwater drainage channel is located in the middle of the shared dam crest of the two ponds, and the bottom surface of the freshwater drainage channel is lower than the height of the dam crest; the slope connects the upper reinforcement device and the lower reinforcement device of the pond, and the slope is flat and The bottom of the pond has an included angle of inclination (7); the lower reinforcement device is located at the bottom of the slope and is rectangular, wherein one side of the right-angle lower reinforcement device is close to the bottom of the pond and connected to the slope, and the other side is vertical and extends into the bottom of the pond (9) , to fix the lower part of the slope protection structure. 2. The slope protection structure of a kind of culture pond according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the length of the right-angled side that the upper reinforcement device of the slope protection structure and the dam crest ground is close to is 30～50cm, and the upper reinforcement device is higher than the dam crest The ground is 8-12cm, and the length extending into the dam crest ground from the side vertical to the dam crest ground is 30-50cm. 3. The slope protection structure of a culture pond according to claim 1, characterized in that the depth of the freshwater drainage channel of the slope protection structure is 20-30 cm, and the width is 30-50 cm. 4. The slope protection structure of a culture pond according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle between the slope surface of the slope protection structure and the bottom surface of the pond is 125° to 150°. 5. The slope protection structure of a culture pond according to claim 1, characterized in that the length of the right-angled side of the lower fixing device connecting the slope surface of the slope protection structure is 20 to 40 cm, and the other side extends into the length below the bottom surface of the pond. It is 20-60cm. 6. A method for laying the slope protection structure described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that it comprises: leveling and compacting the pond dam body, and the described dam body comprises a pond crest, a pond slope and adjacent pond bottoms A layer of polyethylene woven cloth is laid on the whole slope protection structure close to the soil, a layer of concrete is laid on the top of the woven cloth, a piece of steel-plastic grid (5) is laid on the top of the concrete, concrete is laid on the top of the steel-plastic grid, and compacted after the laying is completed. The entire slope protection is poured into one; then the top of the slope protection is covered with a layer of plastic film to dry in the shade to prevent it from drying after direct sunlight; regular watering is maintained until the concrete is hard. 7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the thickness of the concrete laid on the upper layer of the woven cloth is 3-6cm, and the thickness of the concrete laid above the plastic-steel grid is 3-6cm.