CN105273722A - Sand solidification method - Google Patents
Sand solidification method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105273722A CN105273722A CN201410262715.4A CN201410262715A CN105273722A CN 105273722 A CN105273722 A CN 105273722A CN 201410262715 A CN201410262715 A CN 201410262715A CN 105273722 A CN105273722 A CN 105273722A
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Abstract
A sand solidification method is disclosed. According to the invention, vinyl acetate-ethene-vinyl versatate, vinyl acetate-vinyl versatate-mleic acid ester, vinyl acetate-acrylate or vinyl acetate-ethene-acrylate is used for sand solidification. The sand solidification method plays a major role in sand prevention and sand solidification, desertification control, sandstorm and wind-sand hazard reduction and control and improvement of sandland and a wide range of the ecological environment and living environment. By the sand solidification method, harm of quicksand to engineering construction in deserts and desert areas is avoided. In addition, the method has a good protective effect on engineering facilities, workers and construction operations. Sand-dust and raised dust that influence air quality can be reduced effectively; content of granules (such as PM2.5) which influence air quality is lowered; air quality is raised; and the ecological environment and living environment are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of fixing the sand, be specifically related to adopt high molecular polymer to carry out the method for fixing the sand.
Background technology
According to the related statistical data of UNCCD tissue, the whole world about has the land of 1/6 to belong to desert or desert, and desertification control is a universally acknowledged global problem.The 4th the national desertification of forestry bureau of China and the display of desertification monitoring result, China's Desertification Soil area reaches 262.37 ten thousand square kilometres, and sandy land area reaches 173.11 ten thousand square kilometres, accounts for 27.33% of territory total area, 18.03% respectively.Especially in the northern area of China, sandstorm and hazards of sand storms day by day serious (see Fig. 1 a, Fig. 1 b), have nearly 400,000,000 populations, an impact that more than 50,000 village, more than 1300 kilometer of railway, more than 30,000 kilometer of highway, more than 50,000 kilometer of irrigation canals and ditches and thousands of reservoirs are subject to dust storm throughout the year.The sting in one's heart of the harm Yi Shi Chinese nation of desertification of land and dust storm, be great ecological, environmental protective problem and social livelihood issues, serious threat National Ecological Security, seriously restricts Sustainable Socioeconomic Development.
Preventing and fixing sand and desertification control work are being actively developed in current countries in the world.For many years, the main method for preventing and stabilizing sand adopted both at home and abroad: is that physics fixes the sand, fixes the sand (see figure 3) as straw checkerboard barrier fixes the sand (see figure 2), sand prevention grid; Two is vegetative sand controls, plants husky district plant, protection forest etc. as adopted usual way; Three is adopt grout, papermaking wastewater, water glass class, latex bitumen etc. to carry out chemical sand-fixing.Although they have certain effect, all there is obvious problem and shortage.As straw checkerboard barrier, sand prevention grid fix the sand by artificial construction, time-consuming, operating efficiency is low, and effect is also undesirable.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of method of fixing the sand, and the method is easy and simple to handle, sand-fixing effect good; Following number is all with parts by weight.
The object of the invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A method of fixing the sand, is characterized in that: adopt vinyl acetate between to for plastic polymeric derivative to fix the sand.
Those skilled in the art know and clear and definite, vinyl acetate polymer refers to the polymkeric substance be polymerized containing Vinyl Acetate Monomer, can be obtained by solution polymerization, letex polymerization, suspension polymerization or mass polymerization, if desired can the auxiliary agent such as additional plasticizer, solvent, be divided into homopolymer and multipolymer; The vinyl acetate between to for plastic polymeric derivative that the present invention relates to is the multipolymer of Vinyl Acetate Monomer and other one or more monomers, also can comprise the alcoholysate of this multipolymer, also comprises the spray-dried latex powder made of this copolymer emulsion.With the vinyl acetate copolymerized monomer preparing multipolymer include but not limited to following one or more: ethene, tertiary ethylene carbonate, acrylate, maleate, fumarate, itaconic ester, caprate, 2 ethyl hexanoic acid vinyl acetate, stearic acid vinyl ester, vinyl pivalate etc.At present, vinyl acetate polymer and derivative product thereof are mainly used as the traditional field such as sizing agent, coating, paper, chewing gum base and fabric finishing agent.
Preferably, above-mentioned vinyl acetate between to for plastic polymeric derivative is vinylacetate-ethylene-tertiary ethylene carbonate, vinyl acetate-tertiary ethylene carbonate-maleate, the above multipolymer of vinyl acetate-acrylate binary, or the above multipolymer of ternary etc. of vinylacetate-ethylene-acrylate.
More preferably, the above multipolymer of above-mentioned vinyl acetate-acrylate binary is the multipolymer of the one or more monomers in Vinyl Acetate Monomer and n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, tert-butyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, allyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, Octyl acrylate, Isooctyl acrylate monomer, Hydroxyethyl acrylate or Propylene glycol monoacrylate.The above multipolymer of above-mentioned vinylacetate-ethylene-acrylic ester ternary is the multipolymer of the one or more monomers in Vinyl Acetate Monomer, vinyl monomer and n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, tert-butyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, allyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, Octyl acrylate, Isooctyl acrylate monomer, Hydroxyethyl acrylate or Propylene glycol monoacrylate.
Further preferably, fix the sand after above-mentioned for 2-15 part vinyl acetate between to for plastic polymeric derivative being mixed with 85-98 part water.Sprays after specifically 2-15 part vinylacetate-ethylene-tertiary ethylene carbonate being mixed with 85-98 part water fix the sand, 2-15 part vinyl acetate-tertiary ethylene carbonate-maleate mix with 85-98 part water rear spray fix the sand, the above multipolymer of above-mentioned for 2-15 part vinyl acetate-acrylate binary is mixed with 85-98 part water spray afterwards fix the sand, the above multipolymer of above-mentioned for 2-15 part vinylacetate-ethylene-acrylic ester ternary is mixed with 85-98 part water after spray and fix the sand.
The drift sand fixed the sand as fixing desert or sandy soil top layer of the present invention, sand-fixation method of the present invention as defending and controlling sand, the effective means of desertification treatment.
Specifically, the Shi Sha of fixing the sand district of the present invention job facilities (including but not limited to be arranged in the highway in desert, railway, airport, oil well, gas well, pipeline, factory, wind-force and solar electrical energy generation facility, other construction work etc.) or construction process tackling quicksand, sand-fixation method of the present invention effectively prevent the impact on job facilities and construction operation of drift sand or sand and dust;
Of the present inventionly fix the sand to refer to dikaka, build desert road or build fixing the sand in husky district view (comprising husky district tourist sight);
Of the present invention fixing the sand also can be that to make take the grains of sand as the moulded products of raw material, the bonding forming effect that the inventive method has had the grains of sand;
Of the present invention fixing the sand also can refer to that beach is fixed the sand, the sea sand that vinylacetate-ethylene-tertiary ethylene carbonate, vinyl acetate-tertiary ethylene carbonate-maleate, the above multipolymer of vinyl acetate-acrylate binary or the above multipolymer of vinylacetate-ethylene-acrylic ester ternary are higher to saltiness also has good consolidation, and the inventive method effectively prevents the sand and dust caused because of wind-force to fly upward.
The preparation of vinylacetate-ethylene-tertiary ethylene carbonate copolymer emulsion:
Polyvinyl alcohol 1 part and 50 parts of deionized waters are added in reactor, after polyvinyl alcohol dissolves completely, heat up after adding alcohol ether phosphate monoester 0.21 part, polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether 0.15 part, sodium vinyl sulfonate 0.04 part, stirring and evenly mixing, add ethene and boost to 1.0MPa; 1 part of ammonium persulphate (3wt%) solution is at the uniform velocity pumped in 2min when temperature is raised to 77oC; Then pump into 10 parts of vinyl acetates, 2 parts of tertiary ethylene carbonates, wait question response 10min, when ethylene pressure rises to 1.3MPa, within 2 hours, at the uniform velocity pump into 1 part of ammonium persulphate (3%) solution, 30 parts of vinyl acetates and 6 parts of tertiary ethylene carbonates; Cut off ethene, keep temperature 30min, after pressure drop, after deaeration, filtration, cooling, product is for subsequent use.
The preparation of vinyl acetate-tertiary ethylene carbonate-maleate copolymer emulsion:
Polyvinyl alcohol 5 parts and 50 parts of deionized waters are added in reactor, after polyvinyl alcohol dissolves completely, heat up after adding alcohol ether phosphate monoester 0.25 part, polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether 0.3 part, stirring and evenly mixing, pump into 10 parts of vinyl acetates, 2 parts of tertiary ethylene carbonates and 1 part of maleate when temperature is raised to 77oC, then in 20min, at the uniform velocity pump into 1 part of ammonium persulphate (3wt%) solution; Reaction about 30min heats up, and question response temperature reaches about 75 ~ 80 DEG C, within 2 hours, at the uniform velocity pumps into 1 part of ammonium persulphate (3%) solution, 30 parts of vinyl acetates, 6 parts of tertiary ethylene carbonates and 2 parts of maleates; Keep temperature 30min, after cooling, filtration, product is for subsequent use.
For a person skilled in the art, on above-mentioned preparation method basis, the auxiliary agents such as appropriate change emulsification system, initiator system, additional plasticizer or solvent also can obtain the suitable vinyl acetate polymer of performance or derivative product.
Enforcement of the present invention, is mainly reflected in the great progress of generation and significant effect ecological, environmental protective:
Sand-fixation method of the present invention is to preventing and fixing sand, and to desertification control, reduce and control sandstorm and hazards of sand storms, the ecotope and the human settlement that improve husky district and wider scope have significant role.In desert, the engineering construction of Desert Area from the harm of drift sand, to job facilities, staff and construction operation, all there is good provide protection; Effectively can reduce sand and dust and the airborne dust of Air quality, reduce Air quality small particle content (as PM2.5), improve Air quality, improve the ecological environment and human residential environment.
The present invention's vinyl acetate polymer or derivatives thereof used, belongs to safety and environmental protection, nontoxic water-latex type or water-soluble products in high molecular synthetic material, to plant, animal, microorganism all without harm, does not produce any secondary pollution.Owing to being water-latex type or water-soluble products, being convenient to very much dilute with water and spraying construction, both can the manual spraying operation of small area, also big area mechanize can spray construction, flexibly and easily, simple and effective, very easily implements; In chemical sand-fixing macromolecular material, belong to the product of easy synthesis, low cost, high performance-price ratio, be conducive to the cost reducing engineer applied, realize large-scale promotion application, improve ecological, promote the well-being of mankind.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The real figure of dust and sand weather that the real figure of Fig. 1 a, 1b northern China sandstorm and Beijing suffer;
The existing physics of Fig. 2 fixes the sand-and straw checkerboard barrier fixes the sand figure;
The existing physics of Fig. 3 fixes the sand-and nylon grid fixes the sand figure;
The design sketch of after the sand-fixation agent of embodiment 2 12 months has been sprayed in the weather resistance test of Fig. 4 field of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the present invention is specifically described, what be necessary to herein means out is that following examples are only used to further illustrate the present invention, limiting the scope of the invention can not be interpreted as, without departing from the spirit and substance of the case in the present invention, the amendment do the inventive method, step or condition or replacement, all belong to scope of the present invention; Following number is all with parts by weight.
embodiment 1the wind tunnel experiment of sand in desert
Get sand in desert as sample, be of a size of the plastic disc filling of Φ 20cm × 4cm with 5, with glass stick along on plate along floating.10 parts of positive butyl ester copolymer emulsions of vinyl acetate-acrylic and 90 parts of water are mixed, according to 1kg/m
2consumption be sprayed at the grains of sand on the surface, put into wind-tunnel after drying.Getting deflation angle is respectively 0 °, 15 °, 30 °, deflation 10 minutes under wind speed is 15-16m/s condition.Test sample wind erosion weight is 0-4wt%, and all samples bonding course surface serviceability rate reaches 92.3%.
embodiment 2field is fixed the sand and weather resistance test
Test area is about 20m
2, get 8 parts of vinyl acetate-acrylic tert-butyl ester emulsions and 92 parts of water mix, according to 1kg/m
2consumption be sprayed at grains of sand surface, under the natural condition of each field, sample bonding course keep 12 months damaged.See Fig. 4.
Adopt vinylacetate-ethylene-tertiary ethylene carbonate, vinyl acetate-tertiary ethylene carbonate-maleate, (the above multipolymer of described vinylacetate-ethylene-acrylic ester ternary is Vinyl Acetate Monomer to the above multipolymer of vinylacetate-ethylene-acrylic ester ternary, vinyl monomer and n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, tert-butyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, allyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, Octyl acrylate, Isooctyl acrylate monomer, the multipolymer of the one or more monomers in Hydroxyethyl acrylate or Propylene glycol monoacrylate), and the above multipolymer of vinyl acetate-acrylate binary (described vinylacetate-ethylene-above multipolymer of acrylate binary is Vinyl Acetate Monomer and n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, allyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, Octyl acrylate, Isooctyl acrylate monomer, the multipolymer of the one or more monomers in Hydroxyethyl acrylate or Propylene glycol monoacrylate) make above-described embodiment 1 verification experimental verification identical with embodiment 2 respectively, above-mentioned same effect can be reached, according to this area general knowledge, accommodation is done to its weaker concn, usage quantity, add suitable additive or auxiliary agent if desired, all can reach above-mentioned identical or better effect.
From embodiment 1,2 result, the present invention's vinylacetate-ethylene-tertiary ethylene carbonate used, vinyl acetate-tertiary ethylene carbonate-maleate, the above multipolymer of vinyl acetate-acrylate binary or the above multipolymer of vinylacetate-ethylene-acrylic ester ternary, itself and the grains of sand, sandy soil etc. have good cementability, concreteness, film-forming properties, perviousness, make the grains of sand, sandy soil are linked together, formed continuously and have the bonding course of some strength, thus stop the grains of sand to move, improve wind loading rating.Visible, sand-fixation method of the present invention has significant effect.
embodiment 3lay desert sidewalk test
Because husky intergranular friction is little, people walks than more requiring great effort at hard ground in desert.Get 10 parts of vinyl acetate-acrylic isopropyl ester emulsions and 90 parts of water mix, according to 2kg/m
2consumption be sprayed at northern China desert sand surface, formed sidewalk, seasoning sclerosis after grownup can freely walk above, sand can not subside.
Adopt vinylacetate-ethylene-tertiary ethylene carbonate, vinyl acetate-tertiary ethylene carbonate-maleate, (the above multipolymer of described vinylacetate-ethylene-acrylic ester ternary is Vinyl Acetate Monomer to the above multipolymer of vinylacetate-ethylene-acrylic ester ternary, vinyl monomer and n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, tert-butyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, allyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, Octyl acrylate, Isooctyl acrylate monomer, the multipolymer of the one or more monomers in Hydroxyethyl acrylate or Propylene glycol monoacrylate), and the above multipolymer of vinyl acetate-acrylate binary (described vinylacetate-ethylene-above multipolymer of acrylate binary is Vinyl Acetate Monomer and n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, allyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, Octyl acrylate, Isooctyl acrylate monomer, the multipolymer of the one or more monomers in Hydroxyethyl acrylate or Propylene glycol monoacrylate) do to lay desert sidewalk test, above-mentioned same effect can be reached, according to this area general knowledge, accommodation is done to its weaker concn, usage quantity, even add the additive that other is suitable, all can reach above-mentioned identical or better effect.
Test-results shows: vinylacetate-ethylene-tertiary ethylene carbonate, vinyl acetate-tertiary ethylene carbonate-maleate, the above multipolymer of vinyl acetate-acrylate binary or the above multipolymer of vinylacetate-ethylene-acrylic ester ternary have good cementability to the grains of sand, there is good perviousness in sand bed, can by bonding for the certain thickness grains of sand, the concreteness simultaneously had and film-forming properties, form the cured layer with some strength, thus bear certain weight.
embodiment 4
Get after 5 parts of vinyl acetate-acrylic monooctyl ester emulsions mix with 95 parts of tap water, machinery or artificial spray are needing the sand surface of consolidation, fountain height 1kg/m
2, natural air drying.
embodiment 5
Get after 5 parts of 2 ethyl hexanoic acid vinyl acetate-vinyl acetate emulsions mix with 95 parts of tap water, artificial spray on surface, view sand dune, fountain height 1.0kg/m
2, natural air drying.
embodiment 6
Get after 7 parts of vinyl acetates-itaconic ester emulsion mixes with 93 parts of tap water, artificial spray on predetermined sidewalk surface, desert, fountain height 1.5kg/m
2, natural air drying.
embodiment 7the field trial of sea sand
Stainless Steel Disc (being of a size of 32 × 22 × 4cm) 5 is filled, with glass rod along coiling along floating with sea sand.Get 8 parts of positive butyl ester emulsions of vinyl acetate-acrylic and 92 parts of water mix, according to 1kg/m
2consumption be sprayed at surface formed bonding course.Be placed on hillside, after 3 months, under natural wind condition, the bonding course surface serviceability rate of sample is 100%.
Adopt vinylacetate-ethylene-tertiary ethylene carbonate, vinyl acetate-tertiary ethylene carbonate-maleate, (the above multipolymer of described vinylacetate-ethylene-acrylic ester ternary is Vinyl Acetate Monomer to the above multipolymer of vinylacetate-ethylene-acrylic ester ternary, vinyl monomer and n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, tert-butyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, allyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, Octyl acrylate, Isooctyl acrylate monomer, the multipolymer of the one or more monomers in Hydroxyethyl acrylate or Propylene glycol monoacrylate), and the above multipolymer of vinyl acetate-acrylate binary (described vinylacetate-ethylene-above multipolymer of acrylate binary is Vinyl Acetate Monomer and n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, allyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, Octyl acrylate, Isooctyl acrylate monomer, the multipolymer of the one or more monomers in Hydroxyethyl acrylate or Propylene glycol monoacrylate) make the verification experimental verification of above-described embodiment 7 respectively, above-mentioned same effect can be reached.
Claims (15)
1. a method of fixing the sand, is characterized in that: adopt vinyl acetate between to for plastic polymeric derivative to fix the sand.
2. sand-fixation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described vinyl acetate between to for plastic polymeric derivative is vinylacetate-ethylene-tertiary ethylene carbonate, vinyl acetate-tertiary ethylene carbonate-maleate, the above multipolymer of vinyl acetate-acrylate binary, or the above multipolymer of vinylacetate-ethylene-acrylic ester ternary.
3. sand-fixation method as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: the above multipolymer of described vinyl acetate-acrylate binary is the multipolymer of the one or more monomers in Vinyl Acetate Monomer and n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, tert-butyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, allyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, Octyl acrylate, Isooctyl acrylate monomer, Hydroxyethyl acrylate or Propylene glycol monoacrylate; The above multipolymer of described vinylacetate-ethylene-acrylic ester ternary is the multipolymer of the one or more monomers in Vinyl Acetate Monomer, vinyl monomer and n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, tert-butyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, allyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, Octyl acrylate, Isooctyl acrylate monomer, Hydroxyethyl acrylate or Propylene glycol monoacrylate.
4. the sand-fixation method as described in claim 1,2 or 3, is characterized in that: described method sprays after being mixed with 85-98 part water by described for 2-15 part vinyl acetate between to for plastic polymeric derivative to fix the sand; All with parts by weight.
5. sand-fixation method as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: sprays after mix with 85-98 part water by 2-15 part vinylacetate-ethylene-tertiary ethylene carbonate and fix the sand, 2-15 part vinyl acetate-tertiary ethylene carbonate-maleate mixed rear sprinkling with 85-98 part water and fix the sand, the above multipolymer of 2-15 part vinyl acetate-acrylate binary mixed rear sprinkling with 85-98 part water and fix the sand or mixed with 85-98 part water by the above multipolymer of 2-15 part vinylacetate-ethylene-acrylic ester ternary rear sprinkling and fix the sand.
6. the sand-fixation method as described in claim 1,2 or 3, is characterized in that: described in the drift sand that fixes the sand as fixing desert or sandy soil top layer.
7. sand-fixation method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: described in the drift sand that fixes the sand as fixing desert or sandy soil top layer.
8. the sand-fixation method as described in claim 1,2 or 3, is characterized in that: the described tackling quicksand fixed the sand in Shi Sha district job facilities or construction process.
9. sand-fixation method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: the described tackling quicksand fixed the sand in Shi Sha district job facilities or construction process.
10. the sand-fixation method as described in claim 1,2 or 3, is characterized in that: described fixing the sand refers to dikaka, builds desert road or build fixing the sand in husky district view.
11. sand-fixation methods as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: described fixing the sand refers to dikaka, builds desert road or build fixing the sand in husky district view.
12. sand-fixation methods as described in claim 1,2 or 3, is characterized in that: described fix the sand be make with the grains of sand be raw material moulded products in fixing the sand.
13. sand-fixation methods as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: described fix the sand be make with the grains of sand be raw material moulded products in fixing the sand.
14. sand-fixation methods as described in claim 1,2 or 3, is characterized in that: described fixes the sand as beach is fixed the sand.
15. sand-fixation methods as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: described fixes the sand as beach is fixed the sand.
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| CN201410262715.4A CN105273722A (en) | 2014-06-13 | 2014-06-13 | Sand solidification method |
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| CN201410262715.4A CN105273722A (en) | 2014-06-13 | 2014-06-13 | Sand solidification method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108383946A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-08-10 | 西北师范大学 | A kind of preparation of water-soluble environment protective sand-consolidating agent and application process |
| CN109400785A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2019-03-01 | 中国科学院成都有机化学有限公司 | A kind of vinylacetate with damping capacity fixes the sand emulsion preparation method |
| WO2022230462A1 (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2022-11-03 | デンカ株式会社 | Method for scattering soil erosion inhibitor |
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| CN101486915A (en) * | 2008-01-14 | 2009-07-22 | 北京化工大学 | Novel polymer sand fixing agent |
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