CN105269404B - Numerically-controlled machine tool point of a knife dynamic characteristic accuracy detecting device and its method - Google Patents
Numerically-controlled machine tool point of a knife dynamic characteristic accuracy detecting device and its method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105269404B CN105269404B CN201410663448.1A CN201410663448A CN105269404B CN 105269404 B CN105269404 B CN 105269404B CN 201410663448 A CN201410663448 A CN 201410663448A CN 105269404 B CN105269404 B CN 105269404B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of numerically-controlled machine tool point of a knife dynamic characteristic accuracy detecting device and its methods, mainly solve the problems such as existing numerically-controlled machine tool point of a knife dynamic characteristic detection performance index is not comprehensive, not accurate and instrument and cutting test specimen testing cost are higher.The numerically-controlled machine tool point of a knife dynamic characteristic accuracy detecting device includes that support, connecting plate and L shape support siding, through hole is equipped in holder top in vertically arranged displacement sensor two-by-two through manner, simultaneously by integrating the temperature data acquisition at each main heating source of lathe, it realizes in spindle swing or rotational movement process and point of a knife point pose real time information is obtained, the data information high-speed transfer for obtaining fusion automatically by data collector enters computer-implemented record and analysis, completes precision relevant calculation and offset data generates.Structure of the invention is ingenious in design, and point of a knife characteristic test is full-featured, versatile, greatly reduces numerical control (NC) Machining Accuracy testing cost, has preferable practical and popularizing value.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to numerical control machine tool technique fields, and what is involved is the detection of lathe point of a knife dynamic characteristic synthesis precision, tools
Body says, is to be related to a kind of numerically-controlled machine tool point of a knife dynamic characteristic accuracy synthesis detection device and its method.
Background technique
During processing, various error sources can be transferred to tool nose by various electromechanical links to numerically-controlled machine tool
Point, so that point of a knife point deviates theoretical position, to generate actual processing error.As Numeric Control Technology is towards at high speed, in high precision
And the direction of multiaxis is developed, Thermal Deformation of NC Machine Tool error, the detection demand for processing dynamic characteristic error are increasingly burst.Numerical control
Lathe during processing, in various heat sources:Such as bearing heating, the motor feels hot, ball screw and nut fever, guide rail generate heat
With sunshine, underground heat, air flowing etc. Environmental Heat Sources collective effect under, will lead to the component on lathe and different degrees of heat occur
Swollen shrinkage causes the position precision at lathe point of a knife to be destroyed, thus causes under the superposition transmitting effect of these thermal deformations
Error be known as Thermal Error.It is, in general, that the mismachining tolerance due to caused by thermal deformation accounts for lathe to numerically-controlled machine tool in process
The 40~70% of whole errors, although more to thermal deformation of machine tool error research both at home and abroad, the current country there is no mature number
Control thermal characteristic of machine tools error-detecting means.
For four axis or 5-shaft linkage numerical control lathe, cause to introduce due to introducing 1 or 2 swing or rotary shaft
More point of a knife error sources, Multi-axis Machining technology itself is also complex in addition, and user is caused to grasp use and plant maintenance
Many difficulties are produced in accuracy detection in journey.Lathe four axis processing precision is currently without mature detection method.Machine
The detection of bed five-axle linkage machining accuracy generally takes the method for NAS979 circular cone test specimen or S-shaped test specimen machining to implement inspection
It tests, not only material for test and cutter consumption are big, but also are affected by programming levels, cutter, technological parameter etc., also need to test specimen
It dismantles and moves to finally being detected on three coordinate machine, loss of significance link is more, and testing cost is quite high, it is more difficult to directly anti-
Reflect the dynamic machining precision in linkage process.
In addition, being directed to the detection of point of a knife kinematic error, tradition is measured with the direct frame table of amesdial, leads to frame meter accuracy
It is not only higher to operating technology level requirement, but also fully rely on and visually observe meter pointer offset and hand-kept and calculating,
It cannot achieve the partial data process record of continuous each transient state point of a knife pose and temperature information, and the link that malfunctions is more, it is even more impossible to
Realize the accurate analysis of automation and high precision computation;Modern accuracy detection instrument such as laser interferometer, laser tracker etc. is more
Limitation in terms of the linkage checking of dynamic accuracy of axis linkage machine tool gradually shows, such as laser interferometer is suitble to linear axis precision
It detects and can not directly meet and put on angular region measurement, and the laser tracker for using dynamic then separate unit up to millions of member prices then exists
Cost, convenience and ease for use with etc. can not also by vast lathe user receive and approve.Using more scientific and reasonable, Gao Xing
The method of valence ratio realizes numerically-controlled machine tool precision measurement and detection, has become numerically-controlled machine tool installation and debugging personnel, particularly five axis
Lathe user improves productivity and machine tool utilization rate, improves product processing quality, realizes numerically-controlled machine tool equipment optimization fortune
Capable key restriction factors.
Summary of the invention
It it is an object of the invention to overcome drawbacks described above, provides a kind of reasonable in design, can synthetically realize that numerical control adds
Dynamic characteristics relevant parameter automatic detection device and its method such as work process point of a knife point kinetic characteristic and thermal deformation.
In order to achieve the object of the present invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:
Numerically-controlled machine tool point of a knife dynamic characteristic accuracy detecting device and its method, including mountable in numerically controlled machine
Support supports siding to constitute black box structure, in support plate and connection by the way that the connecting plate of holder top is arranged in L shape
Plate through hole mode is provided in vertically arranged displacement sensor two-by-two, passes through the bulb surface on displacement sensor and plug
The detection of relative distance realizes the real-time acquisition in spindle swing motion process to point of a knife dynamic posture information, passes through data
Above-mentioned point of a knife Multi-sensor Fusion high speed information is sent input computer and is automatically recorded and analyzed by collector, is quickly calculated
The every precision index and correction-compensation parameter of numerically-controlled machine tool point of a knife point dynamic characteristic out, and realize the figure of testing and analysis data
Change display and printing test report.
The connecting plate is parallel to holder top horizontal end face arrangement and fixes, connecting plate be internally provided with tapped through hole with
Penetration type installation is carried out along vertical direction convenient for displacement sensor.
The L shape supports the rectangular 90 ° of arrangements of two wall surfaces of siding, L shape to support two wall surfaces of siding vertical
It is arranged in the horizontal end face of holder top, and is internally provided with tapped through hole with two wall surfaces of L shape support siding in order to be displaced
The installation of sensor penetration type.
The displacement sensor includes 3 in vertically arranged displacement sensor two-by-two, realizes and transports to each pose of bulb
Dynamic displacement is measured in real time.
The temperature sensor group includes that more set thermistor (temperature) sensors are constituted, and passes through magnet or adhesive tape subsidiary formula formula
Flexible arrangement is near lathe main heating source.
The computer includes surveying for RTCP (rotary cutter central point) accuracy test module, main shaft radial tilt
Die trial block, spindle rotation accuracy test module, main shaft thermal deformation test module, for swinging axle offset data generation module,
The heated thermal migration that occurs of point of a knife point corrects data generation module, and by dynamic accuracy warning module and historical data tracking module
The database module of composition.
On the basis of above-mentioned structure-based, the present invention also provides its implementation, include the following steps:
(1) each running parameter for setting numerically-controlled machine tool sets up numerically-controlled machine tool point of a knife dynamic characteristic essence on platen
Detection device is spent, displacement sensor, temperature sensor group, amplifier, data collector and computer are initialized, is completed
The setting value of detection device running parameter;
(2) require to open every test function module in computer according to numerically-controlled machine tool point of a knife dynamic characteristic indices,
It is realized by displacement sensor or temperature sensor and the point of a knife Dynamic Signal under numerically-controlled machine tool relevant operational state is measured, and will
The Dynamic Signal of measurement is transmitted to computer by data collector, completes numerically-controlled machine tool knife and examines Dynamic Data Acquiring processing;
(3) this index test data are analyzed and processed by computer realization according to test request, and by machine tool
The measured value of sharp dynamic characteristic is compared with setting value or historical data;
(4) it generates and refers to for the amendment of digital control system progress parameter adjustment or offset data with lathe point of a knife dynamic characteristic items
Mark analysis report.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) present invention uses the installation integrated sensor support mode on numerically controlled machine to realize carry out main shaft core rod
The detection of ball head knife cusp pose dynamic error and Thermal Error, it is expensive with buying general laser interferometer or laser tracker etc.
For complex instrument compared to being not only simple in structure, maintenanceability is preferable, and installation cost is more cheap, and test technology is flexible, general
Property it is stronger, greatly reduce Installing machine tool debugging and follow-up maintenance cost;
(2) automated testing method and the direct frame table of traditional amesdial that the present invention is integrated using multiclass sensor measure
Mode greatly reduces erection amesdial compared to displacement sensor arrangement on the not only more flexible simplicity of mode, especially support
Difficulty, shorten non-cutting time, moreover it is possible to realize the partial data process note of continuous each transient state point of a knife pose and temperature information
Record and high precision computation, substantially increase the measurement efficiency and precision of lathe dynamic accuracy;
(3) present invention to can realize comprehensively numerically-controlled machine tool point of a knife dynamic characteristic parameter index measurement, digital control system compensate
Value Data generation, precision early warning and the comprehensive functions such as historical data tracking and retrospect are corrected, have parameter complete, practical function,
Cost performance is high, has in numerically-controlled machine tool application field broad application prospect;
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is mechanical structure main view of the invention.
Fig. 2 is mechanical structure top view of the invention.
Fig. 3 is mechanical structure side view of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the functional block diagram of point of a knife dynamical property test system in the present invention.
Fig. 5 is that NC Machine Tools Coordinate system constitutes schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is detection method implementation flow chart of the invention.
Fig. 7 is the operation schematic diagram of the invention applied in main shaft thermal state characteristic test.
Fig. 8 is that the present invention applies the operation schematic diagram tested in spindle inclination.
Fig. 9 is that the present invention applies the operation schematic diagram tested in spindle rotation accuracy.
Figure 10 is that the present invention applies the operation schematic diagram tested in point of a knife point C axis dynamic accuracy.
Figure 11 is that the present invention applies the operation schematic diagram tested in point of a knife point B axle dynamic accuracy.
Figure 12 is that the present invention applies the operation schematic diagram tested in point of a knife point A axis dynamic accuracy.
Wherein, title corresponding to appended drawing reference:1- support, 2- connecting plate, 3-L shape support siding, and the displacement of 4- first passes
Sensor, 5- second displacement sensor, 6- third displacement sensor, 7- thermistor (temperature) sensor, 8- computer, 9- displacement signal are put
Big device, 10- terminal board, 11- temperature signal amplifier, 12- data collector, 13- bulb plug, 14- standard core rods.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings.Embodiments of the present invention include but is not limited to following implementation
Example.
It as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 shows, is one of numerically-controlled machine tool point of a knife dynamic characteristic accuracy detecting device structure of the present invention
Main view, vertical view and the side view of preferred embodiment.Its mainly include be mounted on numerically controlled machine include be mounted on numerical control
The support 1 of lathe workbench, is arranged in the connecting plate 2 of holder top, and connecting plate 2 is internally provided with tapped through hole in order to
Triple motion sensor 6 carries out penetration type installation along vertical direction, and the L shape being mounted on connecting plate supports siding 3, and L shape is supported
Two wall surfaces of siding 3 be each perpendicular to 1 top horizontal end face of support arrangement, and with L shape support siding two wall surfaces inside set
Tapped through hole is equipped in order to which the first displacement sensor 4 and second displacement sensor 5 carry out penetration type installation, is realized to standard core
Baseball head is measured in real time in all directions position and attitude movement warp data.
As shown in figure 4, present embodiments provide numerically-controlled machine tool point of a knife dynamical property test system hardware composed structure and
Testing principle is detected the pose real time information of bulb plug by each displacement sensor, is detected by temperature sensor group 7
The state of temperature information of each main heating position of lathe acquires above-mentioned bulb location information by data collector 12 and temperature is believed
Cease and send at a high speed these data informations enter computer 8 carry out automatically calculate analysis with show and printed report.
As shown in figure 5, constituting schematic diagram for NC Machine Tools Coordinate system.The mainly reason of positioning numerical control machine tool cusp pose
By reference data, including X/Y/Z/A/B/C six-freedom degree benchmark.
As shown in fig. 6, being detection method implementation flow chart of the invention.The each of numerically-controlled machine tool is mainly set first
Running parameter sets up numerically-controlled machine tool point of a knife dynamic characteristic accuracy detecting device, to displacement sensor 4/5/ on platen
6, thermistor (temperature) sensor group 7, each class A amplifier A, data collector 12 and computer carry out initializing set.Then, according to number
It controls lathe point of a knife dynamic characteristic indices and requires to open every test function module in computer, pass through displacement sensor 4/5/
6 or temperature sensor group 7 realize and the point of a knife Dynamic Signal under numerically-controlled machine tool relevant operational state measured, and by the dynamic of measurement
Signal is transmitted to computer 8 by data collector 12, completes numerically-controlled machine tool point of a knife point dynamic data acquisition process.Then, root
It is realized according to test request by computer and this index test data handle in machine analysis, and by lathe point of a knife dynamic characteristic
Measured value compared with setting value or historical data, to carry out abnormal judgement to numerical control machine tool point dynamic accuracy, if sentencing
Disconnected result be it is no, then numerically-controlled machine tool keeps original precision state or continues to test, if the determination result is YES, then into next step number
It was reported that generating.Finally, generating corresponding amendment or offset data carries out parameter adjustment for digital control system and to obtain lathe point of a knife dynamic
Step response indices analysis report provides reference data to install and adjusting maintenance, final to realize to numerical control (NC) Machining Accuracy
It improves and is promoted.
As shown in fig. 7, applying the operation schematic diagram in main shaft thermal state characteristic test for the present invention.Mainly by unloaded or
After loading timing operation, bulb plug is mounted on main shaft by tool changing and is moved quickly into using programming automatic execution method
Position of tool tip after presetting realizes the detection to Thermal Error.
As shown in figure 8, applying the operation schematic diagram in spindle inclination test for the present invention.Mainly by by standard core
Stick is mounted on main shaft and is moved to the position of tool tip after presetting, and starts Z coordinate axis and pumps and acquire main shaft
Coherent signal realizes the detection to spindle inclination.
As shown in figure 9, applying the operation schematic diagram in spindle rotation accuracy test for the present invention.Mainly by by standard
Plug is mounted on main shaft and is moved to the position of tool tip after presetting, and starts main shaft and makees the rotary motion of rated speed n simultaneously
Main shaft coherent signal is acquired, realizes the detection to spindle rotation accuracy.
As shown in Figure 10, the operation schematic diagram in the test of point of a knife point C axis dynamic accuracy is applied for the present invention.Mainly pass through
Bulb plug is mounted on main shaft to and is moved to the position of tool tip after presetting, the C axis with C coordinate swinging head is carried out
Fixed angle revolution operation, while starting the detection that RTCP mode realizes C axis total travel dynamic point of a knife kinetic characteristic.
As shown in figure 11, the operation schematic diagram in the test of point of a knife point B axle dynamic accuracy is applied for the present invention.Mainly pass through
Bulb plug is mounted on main shaft and is moved to the position of tool tip after presetting and (had such as been surveyed on same lathe any one
A swing or revolution coordinate can then omit this step), angle rotary operation is fixed to the B axle with B coordinate swinging head, together
The detection of Shi Qidong RTCP mode realization B axle total travel dynamic point of a knife kinetic characteristic.
As shown in figure 12, the operation schematic diagram in the test of point of a knife point A axis dynamic accuracy is applied for the present invention.Mainly pass through
Bulb plug is mounted on main shaft and is moved to the position of tool tip after presetting and (had such as been surveyed on same lathe any one
A swing or revolution coordinate can then omit this step), angle rotary operation is fixed to the A axis with A coordinate swinging head, together
The detection of Shi Qidong RTCP mode realization A axis total travel point of a knife kinetic characteristic.
According to above-described embodiment, the present invention can be realized well.It is worth noting that before based on above-mentioned design principle
It puts, to solve same technical problem, even if that makes in structure basis disclosed in this invention is some without substantive
Change or polishing, the essence of used technical solution is still as the present invention, therefore it should also be as in protection model of the invention
In enclosing.
Claims (7)
1. numerically-controlled machine tool point of a knife dynamic characteristic accuracy detecting device, which is characterized in that including being mounted on work of numerical control machine platform
Support (1), the connecting plate (2) of holder top is set, is mounted on L shape on connecting plate and supports siding (3), setting is being supported
The first displacement sensor (4) of siding (3) and connecting plate (2), second displacement sensor (5), third displacement sensor (6) lead to
The point of a knife pose real time information that each displacement sensor detects bulb plug is crossed, lathe is detected by temperature sensor group (7)
The state of temperature information of each main heating position obtains the multisensor of above-mentioned bulb point of a knife pose by data collector (12)
Fusion signal and high speed transmission data enter computer (8) and implement to calculate analysis.
2. numerically-controlled machine tool point of a knife dynamic characteristic accuracy detecting device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the company
Fishplate bar (2) is parallel to support (1) top horizontal end face arrangement and fixes, and connecting plate (2) is internally provided with tapped through hole in order to the
Triple motion sensor (6) carries out penetration type installation along vertical direction.
3. numerically-controlled machine tool point of a knife dynamic characteristic accuracy detecting device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the L
Shape supports the rectangular 90 ° of arrangements of two wall surfaces of siding (3), L shape that two wall surfaces of siding (3) is supported to be each perpendicular to support (1)
Top horizontal end face arrangement, and support two wall surfaces of siding (3) to be internally provided with tapped through hole in order to the first displacement with L shape
Sensor (4) and second displacement sensor (5) carry out penetration type installation.
4. numerically-controlled machine tool point of a knife dynamic characteristic accuracy detecting device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
One displacement sensor (4), second displacement sensor (5) and third displacement sensor (6) are realized in being arranged vertically two-by-two to bulb
All directions position and attitude movement warp data be measured in real time.
5. numerically-controlled machine tool point of a knife dynamic characteristic accuracy detecting device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the temperature
Degree sensor group (7) is constituted more by covering thermistor (temperature) sensor.
6. numerically-controlled machine tool point of a knife dynamic characteristic accuracy detecting device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the meter
Calculation machine includes being used for RTCP (rotary cutter central point) accuracy test module, main shaft radial tilt test module, main shaft gyration
Accuracy test module, main shaft thermal deformation test module, for swinging axle offset data generation module, the heated generation heat of point of a knife point
Offset correction data generation module, and the database mould being made of dynamic accuracy warning module and historical data tracking module
Block.
7. such as the implementation method of any one of claim 1 to 6 numerically-controlled machine tool point of a knife dynamic characteristic accuracy detecting device, feature exists
In the test implementation method mainly includes the following steps that:
(1) each running parameter for setting numerically-controlled machine tool sets up the inspection of numerically-controlled machine tool point of a knife dynamic characteristic precision on platen
Device is surveyed, to the first displacement sensor (4), second displacement sensor (5), third displacement sensor (6), temperature sensor group
(7), displacement sensor amplifier (9), temperature sensor amplifier (10), data collector (12) and computer (8) carry out just
Beginningization completes the setting of detection device running parameter;
(2) it requires to open every test function module in computer according to numerically-controlled machine tool point of a knife dynamic characteristic indices, passes through
Displacement sensor or temperature sensor group are realized to the dynamic multipath signal measurement under numerically-controlled machine tool relevant operational state, and will be surveyed
The multiple signals of amount are transmitted to computer by bus mode through data collector (12), complete numerically-controlled machine tool point of a knife point dynamic and melt
Close data acquisition process;
(3) this index test data are analyzed and processed by computer realization according to test request, and lathe point of a knife is moved
The measured value of step response is compared with setting value or historical data, is sentenced with carrying out exception to numerical control machine tool point dynamic accuracy
It is disconnected, if judging result be it is no, numerically-controlled machine tool holding original state or continue to complete test, if the determination result is YES, then execute
In next step;
(4) amendment or offset data of lathe point of a knife dynamic characteristic indices analysis report and corresponding digital control system are generated, most
The improvement and promotion to numerical control machine finish are realized eventually.
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