CN105266276B - 一种仿生力学耐磨试验机 - Google Patents

一种仿生力学耐磨试验机 Download PDF

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CN105266276B
CN105266276B CN201510750476.1A CN201510750476A CN105266276B CN 105266276 B CN105266276 B CN 105266276B CN 201510750476 A CN201510750476 A CN 201510750476A CN 105266276 B CN105266276 B CN 105266276B
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CN105266276A (zh
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毛小慧
刘强
叶正茂
林先凯
孙辰逸
陈小可
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Wenzhou Institute Of Quality Technology Testing
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Wenzhou Quality Technology Supervision Inspection Institute
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种仿生力学耐磨试验机,本发明的仿生力学耐磨试验机通过设有分别可滑动地设置在主导杆、次导杆上的主摆动件、次摆动件及其驱动装置和控制单元,带动一条下端设有鞋体固定组件的刚性支撑杆进行模拟类似人体步行时小腿的摆动,鞋体固定组件的下方设有磨盘组件,被检测的鞋体固定在鞋体固定组件上,刚性支撑杆摆动时与磨盘组件相对摩擦,以检测鞋底的耐磨性能。由于仿生力学耐磨试验机的检测动作更接近与人体步行时的实际状态,因此检测结果更加准确。

Description

一种仿生力学耐磨试验机
技术领域
本发明涉及一种鞋类耐磨试验机,具体涉及一种仿生力学耐磨试验机。
背景技术
鞋类与我们人类生活息息相关,每个人都离不开鞋,无论我们上班、上学、外出旅行或散步等活动都与鞋有关,而鞋类产品的最基本特性之一是鞋底耐磨性能,在实际应用中,鞋的耐磨擦性能即“磨耗”是影响鞋类产品的主要指标。磨耗就是因磨擦引起的一种破坏现象,磨耗性能的高低直接关系到产品的使用寿命。鞋底的耐磨性能是鞋用制品的一个非常重要的质量指标之一,与鞋底的穿用寿命密切相关。如果鞋底耐磨性能差,在实际穿着过程中,鞋底很快会磨穿,露底,无法穿着,严重影响产品性能,因此鞋底耐磨性能是一项必须检测的指标。现有国内对鞋类产品的磨损试验的仪器基本上都停留在鞋底材料耐磨、耐折、鞋胶剥离强度等局部的试验分析,不能满足整鞋实际工况整体性能的试验要求;另外一种是在实验室使用砂轮或砂纸对鞋底进行标准的耐磨试验,后一种方法相对试验速度较快,但是由于这些方法与实际穿着偏差较大,因此都不是很理想,并且还有可能会获得相互矛盾的结果。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于为了克服现有技术存在的不足,提供一种更加接近整鞋实际工况,对整体性能进行更加准确测试的仿生力学耐磨试验机。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供了如下技术方案:一种仿生力学耐磨试验机,其特征在于:包括主摆动件、次摆动件、主摆动件导向机构、次摆动件导向机构、鞋体固定组件、磨盘组件及控制单元,所述主摆动件导向机构和次摆动件导向机构分别驱动主摆动件和次摆动件沿一上一下水平且相互平行的轨迹运动,所述主摆动件的摆动轴线和次摆动件的摆动轴线均水平设置,且所述主摆动件的摆动轴线和次摆动件的摆动轴线均与主摆动导向机构的导向方向的水平投影及次摆动件导向机构的导向方向的水平投影相垂直;所述试验机还设有分别驱动所述主摆动件和次摆动件沿各自导向方向往复运动的主驱动机构和次驱动机构,所述鞋体固定组件固定设置在一条刚性支撑杆的下端,所述支撑杆与所述主摆动件及次摆动件在所述主摆动件的滑动方向和次摆动件的滑动方向联动连接、在自身轴向与所述主摆动件及次摆动件可相对滑动连接,所述支撑杆上固定设有配重砝码,所述试验机还设有支撑杆夹持及提升装置,所述磨盘组件包括摩擦转盘和驱动装置,所述磨盘组件设置在鞋体固定组件下方,所述控制单元控制所述主摆动件导向机构、次摆动件导向机构、磨盘组件和支撑杆夹持及提升装置的工作。
本发明的仿生力学耐磨试验机通过设有分别可滑动地设置在主导杆、次导杆上的主摆动件、次摆动件及其驱动装置和控制单元,带动一条下端设有鞋体固定组件的刚性支撑杆进行模拟类似人体步行时小腿的摆动,鞋体固定组件的下方设有磨盘组件,被检测的鞋体固定在鞋体固定组件上,刚性支撑杆摆动时与磨盘组件相对摩擦,以检测鞋底的耐磨性能。由于仿生力学耐磨试验机的检测动作更接近与人体步行时的实际状态,因此检测结果更加准确。
作为本发明的进一步设置,所述主摆动件导向机构包括主导杆和主滑块,所述主驱动机构包括马达、传动机构及丝杆;所述次摆动件导向机构包括次导杆和次滑块,所述次驱动机构包括第一气缸;所述主导杆和次导杆一上一下水平且相互平行设置,所述丝杆设置在主导杆一侧并与主导杆平行,所述主滑块上设有分别与所述丝杆及主导杆相配的螺孔和主导孔,所述主滑块通过所述螺孔与丝杆相配及主导孔与主导杆相配设置在丝杆和主导杆上,所述主滑块上固定设置有主摆动轴,所述主摆动件可摆动地设置在主摆动轴上,所述马达通过传动机构驱动丝杆正反转;所述次滑块上设有与次导杆相配的次导孔,所述次滑块通过次导孔与次导杆相配设置在次导杆上,所述次滑块固定设置有次摆动轴,所述次摆动件可摆动地设置在所述次摆动轴上,所述第一气缸驱动所述次滑块沿次导杆往复运动,所述主摆动轴和次摆动轴均水平设置,且所述主导杆的水平投影和次导杆的水平投影分别与所述主摆动轴的水平投影和次摆动轴的水平投影相垂直,所述主摆动件和次摆动件上均设有与支撑杆间隙配合的支撑杆穿孔,所述支撑杆穿孔的中心轴线与次摆动轴的中心轴线及主摆动轴的中心轴线均相互垂直并处于同一平面,所述支撑杆同时穿在主摆动件和次摆动件上的支撑杆穿孔中,所述支撑杆在支撑杆穿孔中沿轴向可滑动设置,使所述支撑杆与所述主摆动件及次摆动件在所述主摆动件的滑动方向和次摆动件的滑动方向联动连接、在自身轴向与所述主摆动件及次摆动件可相对滑动连接。所述支撑杆夹持及提升装置包括由第二气缸构成的提升气缸,提升气缸设置在主摆动件上。上述主摆动件导向机构和次摆动件导向机构和支撑杆夹持及提升装置结构简单,工作可靠。
作为本发明的进一步设置,所述配重砝码与支撑杆为可拆卸连接。上述设置,方便调节测试时所模拟的人体体重,适应不同测试条件。
作为本发明的进一步设置,所述磨盘组件包括摩擦转盘升降机构。上述设置,可以适应对不同类型的鞋体进行测试。
作为本发明的进一步设置,所述磨盘组件包括摩擦转盘倾角调节机构。上述设置,方便适应不同摩擦状况的测试条件。
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步描述。
附图说明
图1为本发明原理结构示意图(初始脱离阶段);
图2为本发明原理结构示意图(踩踏接触阶段);
图3为本发明原理结构示意图(末尾弯折阶段);
图4为本发明原理结构示意图(回程脱离阶段);
图5为本发明磨盘组件原理结构示意图(摩擦转盘前倾斜调节状态);
图6为本发明磨盘组件原理结构示意图(摩擦转盘后倾斜调节状态)。
具体实施方式
仿生力学耐磨试验机包括主摆动件10、次摆动件15、主摆动件导向机构、次摆动件导向机构、鞋体固定组件17、磨盘组件及6,所述主摆动件导向机构和次摆动件导向机构分别驱动主摆动件10和次摆动件15沿一上一下水平且相互平行的轨迹运动,所述主摆动件10的摆动轴线和次摆动件15的摆动轴线均同样水平设置,且所述主摆动件10的摆动轴线和次摆动件的摆动轴线均与主摆动导向机构的导向方向及次摆动件导向机构的导向方向的水平投影相垂直,这样可以使得支撑杆14在摆动时更加平稳,保证测试时鞋体的鞋底正面接触磨盘组件;所述试验机还设有分别驱动所述主摆动件10和次摆动件15沿各自导向方向往复运动的主驱动机构和次驱动机构,所述鞋体固定组件17固定设置在一条刚性支撑杆14的下端,所述支撑杆14与所述主摆动件10及次摆动件15在所述主摆动件10的滑动方向和次摆动件15的滑动方向联动连接、在自身轴向与所述主摆动件10及次摆动件15可相对滑动连接,所述支撑杆14上固定设有配重砝码11,所述试验机还设有支撑杆夹持及提升装置,所述磨盘组件包括摩擦转盘18和驱动装置19,所述磨盘组件设置在鞋体固定组件17下方,所述6控制所述主摆动件导向机构、次摆动件导向机构、磨盘组件和支撑杆夹持及提升装置的工作。
本发明对主摆动件导向机构和次摆动件导向机构没有限制,可以采用现有的任何一种直线导向机构,如直槽与滑块配合或孔与杆配合的结构。如图1-4所示,本具体实施例中,所述主摆动件导向机构包括主导杆12和主滑块3,所述主驱动机构包括马达2、传动机构及丝杆13;所述次摆动件导向机构包括次导杆16和次滑块4,所述次驱动机构包括第一气缸1;所述主导杆12和次导杆16一上一下水平且相互平行设置,所述丝杆13设置在主导杆12一侧并与主导杆12平行,所述主滑块3上设有分别与所述丝杆13及主导杆12相配的螺孔和主导孔,所述主滑块3通过所述螺孔与丝杆13相配及主导孔与主导杆12相配设置在丝杆13和主导杆12上,所述主滑块3上固定设置有主摆动轴5,所述主摆动件10可摆动地设置在主摆动轴5上,所述马达2通过传动机构驱动丝杆13正反转,从而驱动主摆动件10沿导向方向往复运动;所述次滑块4上设有与次导杆16相配的次导孔,所述次滑块4通过次导孔与次导杆16相配设置在次导杆16上,所述次滑块4固定设置有次摆动轴7,所述次摆动件15可摆动地设置在所述次摆动轴7上,所述第一气缸1驱动所述次滑块4沿次导杆16导向方向往复运动,所述主摆动轴5和次摆动轴7均水平设置,且所述主导杆12的水平投影和次导杆16的水平投影与所述主摆动轴5和次摆动轴7水平投影相垂直,所述主摆动件10和次摆动件15上均设有与支撑杆14间隙配合的支撑杆穿孔 ,所述支撑杆穿孔的中心轴线与次摆动轴7的中心轴线及主摆动轴5的中心轴线均相互垂直并处于同一平面,所述支撑杆14同时穿在主摆动件10和次摆动件15上的支撑杆穿孔中,所述支撑杆14在支撑杆穿孔中沿轴向可滑动设置,使所述支撑杆14与所述主摆动件10及次摆动件15在所述主摆动件10的滑动方向和次摆动件15的滑动方向联动连接、在自身轴向与所述主摆动件10及次摆动件15可相对滑动连接,支撑杆穿孔的设置要使支撑杆14沿一个垂直平面摆动。所述次滑块4上设有与次导杆16相配的次导孔,所述次驱动机构包括第一气缸1,所述次滑块4通过次导孔与次导杆16相配设置在次导杆16上,所述次摆动轴7固定设置在次滑块4,所述次摆动件15可摆动地设置在所述次摆动轴7上,所述第一气缸1的活塞杆与次滑块4连接以驱动所述次滑块4沿次导杆16往复运动;所述主摆动件10和次摆动件15上设有与支撑杆14间隙配合的支撑杆穿孔,所述支撑杆14同时穿在主摆动件10和次摆动件15上的支撑杆穿孔中,所述支撑杆14在支撑杆穿孔中沿轴向可滑动设置,所述6控制支撑杆夹持及提升装置驱动支撑杆14沿轴向移动,所述支撑杆穿孔中心轴线优选与次摆动轴7和主摆动轴5的中心轴线相垂直并处于同一平面。
支撑杆夹持及提升装置设置在主摆动件10上,支撑杆夹持及提升装置由第二气缸8构成提升气缸,提升气缸用于提升所述支撑杆14及鞋体固定组件17。为了能够是提升更加平顺,本试验机中优选在主摆动件10上还设有与支撑杆穿孔相平行的提升导孔,提升导孔中还动配合设置有提升导杆9,提升导杆9的下端与配重砝码11连接。
所述鞋体固定组件17由鞋楦或类似鞋楦的装置构成,鞋楦的前脚掌部分优选与其余部分为分体设置,相互之间通过弹性件连接,这样,在测试过程中,鞋体的前脚掌部分可以弯折,更加接近实际,结果更准确。
为了方便调节测试时所模拟的人体体重,所述配重砝码11优选与支撑杆14为可拆卸连接,方便更换;或者采用多块配重砝码11,并均采取可拆卸的方式连接,这样可以通过改变配重砝码11的数量来调节测试时所模拟的人体体重。
为了适应对不同类型的鞋体测试,所述磨盘组件优选还包括摩擦转盘升降机构20和摩擦转盘倾角调节机构,摩擦转盘升降机构20可以是电动或手动方式,可选用现有技术,此处不再赘述。
仿生力学耐磨试验机工作过程可分为4个阶段:
一、初始脱离阶段(见图1)
通过鞋带固定将整鞋试样安装固定于试验机的鞋体固定组件17(如鞋楦)上,此时整鞋试样是脱离于磨盘组件中的摩擦转盘18,并且鞋头是高于鞋跟,整个鞋处于倾斜状态,模拟人体踩踏前的预准备状态。
该阶段时丝杠将主滑块3推移到最左端初始位置;第一气缸1将次滑块4推移到最左端初始位置;第一气缸1将配重砝码11、支撑杆14、整鞋试样提升至最高位置,使得整鞋试样能够脱离摩擦转盘18。
二、踩踏接触阶段(见图2)
该阶段时丝杠带动主滑块3向右推移;第一气缸1同时将次滑块4向右推移;第一气缸1释放配重砝码11、支撑杆14、整鞋试样,使得整鞋试样能够接触踩踏摩擦转盘18;在整鞋试样接触踩踏摩擦转盘18时,磨盘组件中的摩擦转盘18伺服马达2带动摩擦转盘18进行一定角度的旋转模拟人体行走过程中出现打滑现象,鞋底和摩擦转盘18产生一定的磨损。
三、末尾弯折阶段(见图3)
该阶段时丝杠带动主滑块3向右推移到最右末尾位置;第一气缸1也将次滑块4向右推移至最右末尾位置;第一气缸1此时处于释放状态不变;由于鞋头底部和摩擦转盘18处于接触摩擦状态,配重砝码11对整鞋施加一定的载荷,支撑杆14保持和鞋楦成垂直状态,因此鞋跟部位会提升,使得整鞋处于弯折状态,模拟人体行走时整鞋的弯折动作。
此时,摩擦转盘18伺服马达2带动摩擦转盘18进行第二次一定角度的旋转,进行鞋头底部和摩擦转盘18产生磨损。
四、回程脱离阶段(见图4)
该阶段时丝杠带动主滑块3向左推移;第一气缸1也将次滑块4向左推移;第一气缸1将配重砝码11、支撑杆14、整鞋试样提升至最高位置,使得整鞋试样能够脱离摩擦转盘18。
到达最左端时,所有机构部位恢复至初始脱离阶段的状态,以进行下一次的循环动作。
应理解上述实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围,在阅读了本发明讲授的内容之后,本领域技术人员对本发明作各种等同修改,同样属于本权利要求所限定的保护范围。

Claims (6)

1.一种仿生力学耐磨试验机,其特征在于:包括主摆动件、次摆动件、主摆动件导向机构、次摆动件导向机构、鞋体固定组件、磨盘组件及控制单元,所述主摆动件导向机构和次摆动件导向机构分别驱动主摆动件和次摆动件沿一上一下水平且相互平行的轨迹运动,所述主摆动件的摆动轴线和次摆动件的摆动轴线均水平设置,且所述主摆动件的摆动轴线和次摆动件的摆动轴线均与主摆动导向机构的导向方向的水平投影及次摆动件导向机构的导向方向的水平投影相垂直;所述试验机还设有分别驱动所述主摆动件和次摆动件沿各自导向方向往复运动的主驱动机构和次驱动机构,所述鞋体固定组件固定设置在一条刚性支撑杆的下端,所述支撑杆与所述主摆动件及次摆动件在所述主摆动件的滑动方向和次摆动件的滑动方向联动连接、在自身轴向与所述主摆动件及次摆动件可相对滑动连接,所述支撑杆上固定设有配重砝码,所述试验机还设有支撑杆夹持及提升装置,所述磨盘组件包括摩擦转盘和驱动装置,所述磨盘组件设置在鞋体固定组件下方,所述控制单元控制所述主摆动件导向机构、次摆动件导向机构、磨盘组件和支撑杆夹持及提升装置的工作。
2.根据权利要求1所述的仿生力学耐磨试验机,其特征在于:所述主摆动件导向机构包括主导杆和主滑块,所述主驱动机构包括马达、传动机构及丝杆;所述次摆动件导向机构包括次导杆和次滑块,所述次驱动机构包括第一气缸;所述主导杆和次导杆一上一下水平且相互平行设置,所述丝杆设置在主导杆一侧并与主导杆平行,所述主滑块上设有分别与所述丝杆及主导杆相配的螺孔和主导孔,所述主滑块通过所述螺孔与丝杆相配及主导孔与主导杆相配设置在丝杆和主导杆上,所述主滑块上固定设置有主摆动轴,所述主摆动件可摆动地设置在主摆动轴上,所述马达通过传动机构驱动丝杆正反转;所述次滑块上设有与次导杆相配的次导孔,所述次滑块通过次导孔与次导杆相配设置在次导杆上,所述次滑块固定设置有次摆动轴,所述次摆动件可摆动地设置在所述次摆动轴上,所述第一气缸驱动所述次滑块沿次导杆往复运动,所述主摆动轴和次摆动轴均水平设置,且所述主导杆的水平投影和次导杆的水平投影分别与所述主摆动轴的水平投影和次摆动轴的水平投影相垂直,所述主摆动件和次摆动件上均设有与支撑杆间隙配合的支撑杆穿孔,所述支撑杆穿孔的中心轴线与次摆动轴的中心轴线及主摆动轴的中心轴线均相互垂直并处于同一平面,所述支撑杆同时穿在主摆动件和次摆动件上的支撑杆穿孔中,所述支撑杆在支撑杆穿孔中沿轴向可滑动设置,使所述支撑杆与所述主摆动件及次摆动件在所述主摆动件的滑动方向和次摆动件的滑动方向联动连接、在自身轴向与所述主摆动件及次摆动件可相对滑动连接。
3.根据权利要求1所述的仿生力学耐磨试验机,其特征在于:所述支撑杆夹持及提升装置包括由第二气缸构成的提升气缸,提升气缸设置在主摆动件上。
4.根据权利要求1所述的仿生力学耐磨试验机,其特征在于:所述配重砝码与支撑杆为可拆卸连接。
5.根据权利要求1所述的仿生力学耐磨试验机,其特征在于:所述磨盘组件包括摩擦转盘升降机构。
6.根据权利要求1所述的仿生力学耐磨试验机,其特征在于:所述磨盘组件包括摩擦转盘倾角调节机构。
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