CN105265386B

CN105265386B - It is a kind of to produce the Grazing method rich in natural DHA mutton

Info

Publication number: CN105265386B
Application number: CN201510674051.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张晓庆; 武俊喜; 金艳梅; 李鹏; 赵海霞
Original assignee: Grassland Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Grassland Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2015-09-16
Filing date: 2015-10-16
Publication date: 2018-04-03
Anticipated expiration: 2035-10-16
Also published as: CN105265386A

Abstract

The invention belongs to animal husbandry field, proposes a kind of Grazing method for producing and being rich in natural DHA mutton, sheep is herded at times, and every afternoon, continuous grazing 35 hours, divided season to provide supplementary feeding.It is preferred that the sheep herded is Tibetan sheep.Technical scheme cost is low, simple and easy, pertain only to herd period and simple supplementary feeding, manpower and facility less investment, and without using any additive, without geographical restrictions, it is particularly suitable for Qinghai-Tibet pastoral area and farming-pastoral region uses, is that one kind can improve DHA and EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) deposition in mutton, and can reduces the doulbe-sides' victory method that grassland carries poultry pressure.

Description

It is a kind of to produce the Grazing method rich in natural DHA mutton

Technical field

The invention belongs to animal husbandry field, and in particular to a kind of feeding of sheep and grazing management method.

Background technology

With the quickening of modern life rhythm, the high-risk Disease such as cancer, heart disease shows rejuvenation, excites people Tight demand to health food.DHA (docosahexaenoic acid), is commonly called as docosapentaenoic acid, belongs to n-3 series of height how unsaturated fat Fat acid (n-3PUFA), to maintaining human health to have very important effect.DHA is the important composition composition of brain and retina, Shared ratio is up to 20% and 50% respectively in human brain cortex and retina.Meanwhile DHA also have anticancer, anti-inflammatory, Prevent cardiovascular disease, improve the functions such as senile dementia.Therefore, food of the research and development rich in DHA compositions, for lifting people's The general level of the health and intellectual development, which all have, to be of great significance and wide application prospect.

DHA is essential fatty acid, can only be obtained by food, and human body itself can not synthesize.Food materials master containing DHA There are egg, marine alga and abyssal fishes.Marine product not only obtains limited and uncomfortable every for the people of Guang Ju northern territories It is edible.Egg is the taboo food of " three high " crowd and gall-bladder patient.Mutton as in Chinese's traditional recipes it is important into Point, its nutritive value and quality safety obtain the extensive approval of people, especially from pastoral area fully natural green mutton into For the new lover of consumer.Herd mutton and contain the how bad aliphatic acid of abundant n-3 (PUFA), particularly DHA components, can conduct The food source of another supplement DHA intakes in addition to deep sea fish oil.China has been related to by feed formulation technology at present Or Chinese herbal medicine improves the patent disclosure of DHA content in egg, e.g., " production method rich in DHA and vitamin E component egg is (specially Sharp publication number CN 102696869) ", " feed adjusting control agent of the production rich in DHA eggs and feed (publication number containing the adjusting control agent CN102715382)”。

Research finds, herd daily 4 hours plus supplementary feeding can obtain with whole day herd equal volume DHA lamb ( Dawn celebrating, supplement of feed under grazing condition is to black pearl Mu Qin lambs foraging behaviour and influencing mechanism [Ph.D. Dissertation] of meat production in limited time Beijing:China Agricultural University, 2013).This, which has broken people and is used to consider only to herd naturally, could produce high-quality mutton Traditional idea.The severe situation that current China grassland large area is degenerated is faced, it is this to protect grass by shortening grazing time Original, and do not sacrifice and herd mutton naturally high-quality quality herds technology, certainly will be the optimization approach of Modern Animal Husbandry development.But , it is known that because scattering and disappearing for moisture (e.g., may be used with photosynthetic cumulative effect, nutriment of the herbage one day provided in Dissolubility sugar, secondary metabolites etc.) can because humiture difference and present substantially difference (Gregorini etc., Toughness, particle size and chemical composition of meadow fescue(Festuca pratensis Hud.)herbage as affected by time of day.Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2009,151(3/4):330-36).This difference, which causes, herds sheep to the difference in herbage in specific nutrient intake, and then Influence the deposition of special composition in mutton.Qinghai-Tibet resources of medicinal plant is very abundant, can be provided for pasture stock various Nutrition.Research finds, the mutton organoleptic attribute and nutrient concentration herded on high mountain grassland better than low land grassland (Deng, Grazing on mountain pastures does it affect meat quality in lambsLivestock Production Science, 2005,94:25-31).Therefore, for the different grass of different plant constitutions and sunshine condition , improving the raising Grazing method of DHA in mutton is worth exploring.

The content of the invention

For weak point existing for this area, the purpose of the present invention is to propose to a kind of unique for Tibet high-cold steppe Grazing method of the herbage habitat production rich in natural DHA mutton.

The technical scheme for realizing the object of the invention is：

A kind of Grazing method of the production rich in natural DHA mutton, it is described to herd at times since 6 or July, to October Part is terminated；Continuous grazing 3-5 hours every afternoon, every daily supplementary feeding highland barley 300-400g.Highland barley used is directly fed for, no By the working process such as broken.

Wherein, the sheep herded proceeds by the monthly age of sheep three to four and herded at times to hide sheep.

Preferably, the area herded belongs to warm semiarid climate, and the grassland herded is Alpine meadow grassland, example Such as Tibet region.

Tibet geographical position is unique, and weather and steppe vegetation are shown unique characteristics.Annual rainfall 150-450mm, is concentrated mainly on Summer, and more night rain.Intensity of illumination is big, sunshine-duration length.Annual sunshine time 3005 hours, be it is interior ground 1.5-2.4 times.By Clean in plateau rarefaction of air, solar radiation is strong, and daytime, heat absorption heated soon, and night radiating and cooling is rapid, causes day and night temperature Greatly, it is very beneficial for the accumulation of herbage photosynthate.

Further, the vegetation composition on the grassland herded include white grass, Tetraogllus himalayensis, carex moorcroftii, in vain sharp sedge, Hide Artemisia stelleriana, Astragalus strictus, lamiophlomis rotata, Stipa bungeana, the Tibetan awns of cloth three, honey flower comospore grass, Androsace erecta, webbing rough gentian, line leaf dragon Courage, dust-brand india lovegrass, Lhasa Heteropappus hispidus (Thunb.) Less.-Aster hispidus Thunb., Tibet dandelion and post potentilla chinensis.

It is highly preferred that every afternoon 2:30-4:00 to afternoon 6:30-8:00 continuous grazing 4 hours, allows sheep free water.

Wherein, described herd at times does not provide supplementary feeding untill 15~20 days to September since 6 or July, and September 16~ To supplementary feeding highland barley in October, every daily 300-400g from 21 days.

Further, in the morning 8:00~9:00 supplementary feeding.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are：

The present invention provides a kind of Grazing method for producing and being rich in natural DHA mutton, and its key is to herd using specific region The changing rule of sugar, aliphatic acid, flavones equal size among one day in grass, select every afternoon 2:30--8 point continuous grazings 4 are small When combine seasonal supplementary feeding highland barley, with change grazing sheep by search for food intake fatty acid levels, so as to regulate and control carcass lipid Sour deposition, particularly it is called the DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) of docosapentaenoic acid.

Technical scheme is simple and easy, cost is low, pertains only to herd period and simple supplementary feeding, and manpower and facility are thrown Enter few；Moreover, without using any additive, without geographical restrictions, it is particularly suitable for Qinghai-Tibet pastoral area and farming-pastoral region uses, It is that one kind can improve DHA and EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) depositions in lamb, and can reduces the doulbe-sides' victory side that grassland carries poultry pressure Method.

Embodiment

Following examples further illustrate present disclosure, but should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Unless otherwise instructed, used means are this area conventional technology.

Embodiment 1：

Herd place and be located at Lhasa Linzhou County Dazi township, belong to warm semiarid climate Alpine meadow grassland, edible vegetation Composition includes white grass, Tetraogllus himalayensis, carex moorcroftii, white sharp sedge, Tibetan Artemisia stelleriana, Astragalus strictus, lamiophlomis rotata, Stipa bungeana, Tibetan cloth three Awns, honey flower comospore grass, Androsace erecta, dust-brand india lovegrass, Lhasa Heteropappus hispidus (Thunb.) Less.-Aster hispidus Thunb., Tibet dandelion and post potentilla chinensis.

Sheep public affairs lamb is hidden into 24 wean, 3 healthy monthly ages or so and are randomly divided into 3 groups：The morning herd 4 hours groups (4hAM groups, Control), herd 4 hours groups (4hPM groups) afternoon, morning and afternoon herds 8 hours groups (8h groups) altogether, and average weight is without aobvious between each group Write difference.Since July, October terminates for experiment.During whole experiment, 4hAM group every mornings 9:00 goes out to herd, afternoon 1: 00 returns and herds；4hPM groups afternoon 3:00 goes out to herd, afternoon 7:00 returns and herds；The 8h group mornings 9:00 goes out to herd, afternoon 1:00 returns and herds, at 3 points in afternoon Go out to herd, afternoon 7:00 returns and herds.7-9 middle of the month unsupplemcnts, September is from 20 days to supplementary feeding in October.All 8 points of benefits in sheep morning Raise, every daily supplementary feeding 350g highland barley.All lamb free waters.Free range husbandry is all butchered after 95 days, butchers collection in worksite Longissimus dorsi muscle, freezen protective, wherein fatty acid component and conventional nutrients to be determined.As a result show：

(1) three different periods grazing treatments has notable (P to the Slaughter weight of lamb<0.05) influence, herd 8h groups Higher than 4hAM groups and 4hPM groups, (Slaughter weight is gross weight to Slaughter weight significantly (P=0.032), it is impossible to which reflection is real to produce meat Power), and be not significantly different between 4hAM groups and 4hPM groups.Carcass weight, dressing percentage are not significantly different (table between processing 1).This explanation, herding afternoon 4 hours does not influence Mutton yield.

The Slaughter of each treatment group lamb of table 1

(2) three different periods grazing treatments have a significant impact (P to DHA and EPA content<0.001；P=0.002), 4hPM groups highest (1.55%, 2.09%), 8h groups are taken second place, and 4hAM groups are minimum (1.19%, 1.37%) (table 2).DHA and EPA pairs Health is extremely important, and very important effect is played in pre- anti-cancer, heart disease and artery sclerosis.4hPM and 8h groups Alpha-linolenic acid content significantly (P<0.001) it is higher than 4hAM groups.Alpha-linolenic acid is the precursor substance for synthesizing long chain fatty acids, can be promoted Enter the generation of DHA, EPA, CLA in body.The palmitic acid content of 4hPM groups significantly (P=0.032) is less than 4hAM groups, and 8h groups 4hAM and 4hPM groups are all without significant difference.Palmitic acid oil is the saturated fatty acid of most generally existing in animal and plant body, human body A large amount of intake high content foods easily trigger the diseases such as coronary heart disease, hypertension.

Content of fatty acid (accounting for total fatty acids %) in each treatment group lamb of table 2

Note：Colleague's data shoulder indicates identical lowercase or represents difference not significantly (P ＞ 0.05) without alphabetical person.

(3) although grazing treatments have no significant effect to the moisture in lamb, ash content and fat content at times, The gross protein value of 4hPM groups and 8h groups has the trend (P=0.080) (table 3) higher than 4hAM groups.This explanation, improving mutton In terms of effect in proteins deposited, herd afternoon 4 hours and herded 4 hours better than the morning, and equally have with herding for more time Effect.

The nutritive value of each treatment group lamb of table 3

Based on the above results, herd 4h every afternoons and combine seasonal supplementary feeding, the high-quality rich in natural DHA can be produced Mutton, the mutton of snow-coated plateau is set to have more characteristic；Mutton yield can also be kept simultaneously, the cultivation for being advantageous to increase peasants and herdsmen is received Benefit.

Although above the present invention is made to retouch in detail with general explanation, embodiment and example State, but on the basis of the present invention, certain supplement and optimization can be made to the discrimination model of this method.Therefore, without departing from These modifications or improvements on the basis of spirit of the invention, belong to the scope of protection of present invention.

Claims

1. a kind of produce the Grazing method rich in natural DHA mutton, it is characterised in that sheep is herded at times, described point Period was herded since July, and October terminates；Every afternoon 2:30-4：00 to afternoon 6:30-8：00 continuous grazing 4 hours, Allow sheep free water；

Wherein, the area herded is the area that Tibet belongs to warm semiarid climate, and the grassland herded is Alpine meadow Grassland, the sheep herded proceed by the monthly age of sheep three to four and herded at times to hide sheep；

It is directly yellow that the vegetation composition on the grassland herded includes white grass, Tetraogllus himalayensis, carex moorcroftii, white sharp sedge, Tibetan Artemisia stelleriana, stem Stilbene, lamiophlomis rotata, sand-binding grass, Stipa bungeana, the Tibetan awns of cloth three, honey flower comospore grass, Androsace erecta, webbing rough gentian, narrowleaf gentian, dust-brand India lovegrass, Lhasa Heteropappus hispidus (Thunb.) Less.-Aster hispidus Thunb., Tibet dandelion and post potentilla chinensis；

Described herd at times does not provide supplementary feeding untill 19 days since July to September, and September is blue or green to supplementary feeding in October from 20 days Highland barley, every daily 300-400g, in the morning 8:00~9:00 supplementary feeding, highland barley used are directly fed for, at broken processing Reason.