CN105260801A - Long-term electric power and energy balance analysis method for large-scale power station group of hydropower-rich power grid - Google Patents

Long-term electric power and energy balance analysis method for large-scale power station group of hydropower-rich power grid Download PDF

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CN105260801A
CN105260801A CN201510719442.6A CN201510719442A CN105260801A CN 105260801 A CN105260801 A CN 105260801A CN 201510719442 A CN201510719442 A CN 201510719442A CN 105260801 A CN105260801 A CN 105260801A
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CN105260801B (en
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程春田
王健
申建建
李秀峰
曹瑞
刘双全
蔡华祥
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Dalian University of Technology
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YUNNAN ELECTRIC POWER DISPATCH CONTROL CENTER
Dalian University of Technology
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Abstract

A long-term electric power and energy balance analysis method for a large-scale power station group of a hydropower-rich power grid introduces stage water level target control conditions of main adjustment hydropower stations according to the classification of hydropower stations, and optimizes dispatching and operating modes. The long-term electric power and energy balance analysis method is characterized by preferentially deducting output processes of wind power stations and photovoltaic power stations according to an energy saving principle, and taking total utilization hours as a control target, differentially determining monthly electric energy of each thermal power station in flood and dry seasons, so as to obtain load requirement of hydropower stations; performing rated water level calculation for the hydropower stations having daily adjustment and below adjustment performance, determining an output process, then taking remaining load as electric energy requirement, taking water levels of the hydropower stations having seasonal adjustment and above adjustment performance before and after the flood season as a stage control target, determining the electric energy of each power station through an equal proportion method on the basis of power generation capacity, performing rated output calculation, at the same time, coupling a load shedding method to determine typical daily output processes of various power stations, and re-calculating a reservoir inflow process of the downstream hydropower station having daily adjustment and below adjustment performance. The long-term electric power and energy balance analysis method is good in operability and high in calculating efficiency, and can quickly obtain a reasonable and feasible medium and long term electric power and energy balance plan.

Description

A kind of water power enrichment electrical network extensive station group long term power electric quantity balancing analytical approach
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric power system dispatching field, particularly the medium-term and long-term balance of electric power and ener analytical approach of the extensive station group of a kind of water power enrichment electrical network.
Technical background
Nearest more than ten years, be Chinese hydroelectric development the swiftest and the most violent period, China has built up worldwide largest hydroelectric system.In the southwest that water resource is abundant, define based on water power especially, other power supplys are auxiliary water power concentration type electrical network.For Yunnan Power System, its water power total installation of generating capacity accounts for about 80% of the whole network total installation of generating capacity, economizes the power station of balancing more than hundred, basin, place, each power station and the method for operation different, bring great challenge to the management and running of electrical network.In electrical network in long-term management and running, owing to carrying out the unevenness of water distribution, how in electricity, electric power two, to carry out rational space-time distribution, to assess following a period of time electric system supply and demand, stable situation, be one of main bugbear of facing of water power enrichment electrical network.Traditional medium-term and long-term balance of electric power and ener analysis take the moon as time scale, electricity and power balance are separated from each other, wherein power balance is by typical case's day simple implementation, be generally that daily load is the highest, daily load is minimum or day Feng Gu difference maximum day, this method is comparatively simple, but be difficult to reaction each moon extreme loads, be also unfavorable for analyzing the ruuning situation of each power station within the moon.
For the problems referred to above, the present invention relies on state natural sciences fund to entrust great international co-operation (51210014), state natural sciences fund (51579029), with the medium-term and long-term balance of electric power and ener analysis of Yunnan Power System for background, in conjunction with each monthly extreme loads and electrical network working control demand, according to power station installed capacity and adjusting function difference, is classified in power station, and introduce main adjustment power station stage water level target control condition, the Mid-long Term Optimized Scheduling method being applicable to water power enrichment electrical network has been invented in research, the balance of electric power and ener plan of reasonable can be obtained fast.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is the electrical network for water power enrichment, proposes a set of simple and practical medium-term and long-term balance of electric power and ener analytical approach.For this reason, voltameter slide rule degree is accurate to day by the present invention, and power balance calculates yardstick and to be accurate to hour, to meet the analysis of various extreme loads in each moon.Power station is divided three classes to reduce the power station participating in optimizing calculating according to power station complete data situation, regulating power.The water level in its crucial month is controlled to ensure that its operational plan meets practical implementation for the 3rd class power station (mainly regulating power station).
The medium-term and long-term balance of electric power and ener analytical approach of the extensive station group of a kind of water power enrichment electrical network of the present invention, (1) to (10) completes medium-term and long-term balance of electric power and ener analysis in accordance with the following steps:
(1) schedule periods reading certain provincial power network is interior by a hour workload demand.
(2) select all power stations participating in balance of electric power and ener calculating, comprise power station, thermal power station, wind power station, photovoltaic plant; Power station is divided into three types by the difference according to feature: first kind power station is the power station lacking calculating chart; Equations of The Second Kind power station, for there being calculating chart, has the power station of week adjustment and following adjusting function; 3rd class power station is the main adjustment power station participating in balance of electric power and ener analysis, and for the balance of electric power and ener of regulating system, general selection has the power station of season adjustment and above adjusting function;
(3) for dissimilar power supply, the constraint condition of all kinds of power supply is set.For power station, set its outbound restriction, water level restriction and bound restriction of exerting oneself; For thermal power station, wind power station, photovoltaic plant, set its exert oneself subtract button and exert oneself bound restriction.
(4) for the feature of all kinds of power supply, the method for operation in part power station is directly arranged.For first kind power station, owing to lacking necessary calculating chart, the process so direct its day part of arrangement is exerted oneself, it exerts oneself as the average output of front Y, as formula (1), wherein N m,tfor power station m is in the average output of period t, N m, y, tfor power station m is in the average output of y period t; For Equations of The Second Kind power station, with its history actual motion water level for reference, arrange its water level process; For the 3rd class power station, arrange its initial water level process according to its controlling water level point, and according to its at whole story water level and schedule periods in prediction Incoming water quantity estimate that it can generated energy for thermal power station, arrange generated energy in its schedule periods.In flood season, each thermal power station runs with single unit minimum load, and in low water season, each thermal power station is according to the dump energy of the load proportion allocation schedule phase of each moon; For wind power station, photovoltaic plant, choose the method for operation of the method for operation as its every month of a typical day each middle of the month from history.
N m , t = Σ y = 1 Y N m , y , t / Y , 1 ≤ t ≤ T - - - ( 1 )
(5) process of exerting oneself of determining method for electrically calculating Equations of The Second Kind and the 3rd class power station with water is adopted.
(6) formula (2) is adopted to calculate the electricity of day part the 3rd class power station required balance.In formula (2), E h3, tbe the generated energy that the 3rd class power station needs, D tfor the demand electricity of period t, M h1, M h2, M t, M w, M sbe respectively the number of first kind power station, Equations of The Second Kind power station, thermal power station, wind power station, photovoltaic plant.
E H 3 , t = D t - Σ m = 1 M H 1 E m , t - Σ j = 1 M H 2 E j , t - Σ l = 1 M T E l , t - Σ p = 1 M W E p , t - Σ p = 1 M S E q , t , 1 ≤ t ≤ T - - - ( 2 )
(7) generated energy equal proportion can arrange the electricity in main regulation power station according to the 3rd class power station, adopt and determine water method with electricity and calculate, the electricity of each main adjustment power station distribution as formula (3), E in formula k,tfor kth seat power station needs generated energy in the t period.
E k , t = E k , t k / Σ k = 1 M H 3 E k , t k * E H 3 , t - - - ( 3 )
(8) calculate the deviation of gross generation and total load by the period, if Power unbalance, then recalculate from step (6), if electric quantity balancing, then carry out step (9).
(9) daily load deducts the load day by day of wind-powered electricity generation and photovoltaic plant day by day, then carries out successively cutting load according to the order of water power, thermoelectricity.Wherein water power is according to waiting coincidence rate principle adjustment electricity, and thermoelectricity sorts according to energy-saving and emission-reduction principle, adopts cutting load method to determine its daily output process.
(10) power balance analysis in next day is carried out, until complete medium-term and long-term balance of electric power and ener analysis.
The present invention is workable, counting yield is high, can obtain the medium-term and long-term balance of electric power and ener plan of reasonable fast.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 solves balance of electric power and ener analysis process figure.
Fig. 2 (a) is that system divides a moon electric quantity balancing figure.
Fig. 2 (b) is system power balance figure on January 1.
Fig. 3 (a) is Xiaowan Hydropower Station water level process day by day.
Fig. 3 (b) exerts oneself process day by day in waxy common wheat power station.
Fig. 3 (c) is that waxy common wheat power station typical case on January 1 exerts oneself process.
Fig. 4 (a) is that the eastern regions of the Yunnan Province thermal power station exerts oneself process day by day.
Fig. 4 (b) is that the eastern regions of the Yunnan Province thermal power station typical case on January 1 exerts oneself process.
Fig. 5 (a) is that plum mountain valley with clumps of trees and bamboo wind power station typical case on January 1 exerts oneself process.
Fig. 5 (b) is that sheep male pediment overhead utility typical case on January 1 exerts oneself process.
Embodiment
The medium-term and long-term balance of electric power and ener analysis of tradition is intended to electricity, the electric power profit and loss situation of assessing following a period of time system, is that time scale carries out coulometric analysis with the moon, chooses typical case afterwards and day carries out power balance analysis.But the situation representing month with typical case day is not enough to react all extreme loads occurred by each moon, is also unfavorable for analyzing the continuous ruuning situation of each power station within the moon.For water power enrichment electrical network, power station quantity far exceed tradition with thermoelectricity for the power station in main electrical network, cause traditional mathematic programming methods be difficult to application.In addition, the medium-term and long-term method of operation in power station did not consider the method for operation of other power supplys in the process formulated in the past, so cause the water power plan of acquisition to instruct practical application.
For above-mentioned three problems, the present invention is from reading by a hour workload demand, power station categorizing selection, arranging all kinds of operation pattern of plant three aspects to analyze, medium-term and long-term balance of electric power and ener analytical approach is divided into four critical stages, comprises: read by a hour workload demand, power station categorizing selection, arrange all kinds of operation pattern of plant, equilibrium analysis.
The concrete operation method in each stage is according to such as (1)-(4) process
(1) read by a hour workload demand:
Medium-term and long-term by hour workload demand can reflect following one period internal loading continually varying process and various extreme loading condiction, carry out power balance analysis on its basis and effectively can avoid choosing typical case and carry out the problem described above that power balance analysis brings day.Therefore, this method is first interior by a hour workload demand from energy management system (EMS) reading system schedule periods.
(2) power station categorizing selection:
Power station classification can process in the method for operation is similar or that feature is identical power supply classification, is convenient to the arrangement of its method of operation.The power supply that this method is considered has water power, thermoelectricity, wind-powered electricity generation, photovoltaic electric.Wherein water power is divided three classes, and first kind power station is the power station lacking calculating chart; Equations of The Second Kind power station is for there being calculating chart, but its SEA LEVEL VARIATION is for the very little power station of balance of electric power and ener impact of provincial power network; 3rd class power station is participate in the main adjustment power station that balance of electric power and ener analyzes, and for the balance of electric power and ener of regulating system, general selects the comparatively large or good power station of adjusting function of installed capacity.Be reduce the power station quantity participating in calculating by the object mainly regulating power station to be classified as a class, reduce taking of computing time and internal memory.
(3) all kinds of operation pattern of plant is arranged:
Operation characteristic according to all kinds of power station arranges all kinds of method of operation respectively.For wind-powered electricity generation, photovoltaic plant, consider that it is uncertain, choose the method for operation of the method for operation as its every month of a typical day from history each middle of the month.For thermal power station, arrange its schedule periods home office wave, in flood season, run with single unit minimum load, in low water season, according to the dump energy of the load proportion allocation schedule phase of each moon, afterwards, by the electricity monthly average power energy allocation of distribution to day.For first kind power station, owing to lacking necessary calculating chart, the process so direct its day part of arrangement is exerted oneself.For Equations of The Second Kind power station, with its history actual motion water level for reference, arrange its water level process.For the 3rd class power station, the controlling water level point according to its May, October, 12 the end of month arranges its initial water level process.The fundamental purpose of water lev el control is the threat caused for electricity net safety stable at utmost weaken water uncertainty.Controlling main to regulate power station by the end of May with comparatively low water level operation, is generally consider reservior safety and flood protec-tion; Control high water stage by the end of October to run, to ensure that reservoir has electricity to send out in low water season; Control year end level, be equivalent to for next year saves energy with the need for electricity ensureing following a year.The generation schedule formulated in this way not only can ensure balance of electric power and ener, can instruct the actual motion in power station simultaneously.
(4) equilibrium analysis is carried out:
Day by day electric quantity balancing analysis, for the new forms of energy such as wind-powered electricity generation, photovoltaic, all receives; For thermal power station, receive its day electricity; For the first kind and Equations of The Second Kind power station, receive its whole electricity; For the 3rd class power station, according to residue load according to each power station generating capacity proportional allocations its day electricity, adopt and determine water method with electricity and determine its water level process day by day, as formula 4.Because Equations of The Second Kind power station and the 3rd class power station may be positioned at same step basin, so need to calculate simultaneously.
z k,t＝f(Z k,t-1,q k,t,n k,t,Δt)(4)
In formula: z k,tfor the upper pond level of t period reservoir k, q k,tfor the reservoir inflow of t period k reservoir, n k,tfor the decision-making of t period k reservoir is exerted oneself, Δ t is Period Length, in seconds.
Day by day power balance analysis is day by day carried out after electric quantity balancing analysis.For the new forms of energy such as wind-powered electricity generation, photovoltaic, adopt its typical day operation mode, and all receive; For thermal power station, sort according to energy-saving and emission-reduction principle, adopt cutting load method to determine its method of operation; For power station, according to waiting coincidence rate principle adjustment electricity.Cutting load method is adopted to determine its daily output process.In cutting load process, first, the process of exerting oneself of total load deduction wind-powered electricity generation, photovoltaic plant; Secondly, water power participates in cutting load; Again, thermoelectricity participates in cutting load, completes a day power balance analysis.
According to above-mentioned thought, once complete Optimized Operation process, is achieved according to following step (1)-(10):
(1) schedule periods reading certain provincial power network is interior by a hour workload demand.
(2) select all power stations participating in balance of electric power and ener calculating, comprise power station, thermal power station, wind power station, photovoltaic plant.For the electrical network of water power enrichment, there is the power station that many features are different.Power station is divided into three types by the difference according to feature: first kind power station is the power station lacking calculating chart; Equations of The Second Kind power station is for there being calculating chart, but its SEA LEVEL VARIATION is for the very little power station of balance of electric power and ener impact of provincial power network; 3rd class power station is participate in the main adjustment power station that balance of electric power and ener analyzes, and for the balance of electric power and ener of regulating system, general selects the comparatively large or good power station of adjusting function of installed capacity.
(3) for dissimilar power supply, the constraint condition of all kinds of power supply is set.For power station, set its outbound restriction, water level restriction and bound restriction of exerting oneself; For thermal power station, wind power station, photovoltaic plant, set its exert oneself subtract button and exert oneself bound restriction.
(4) for the feature of all kinds of power supply, the method for operation in part power station is directly arranged.For first kind power station, owing to lacking necessary calculating chart, the process so direct its day part of arrangement is exerted oneself, it exerts oneself as the average output of front Y, as formula (1), wherein N m,tfor power station m is in the average output of period t, N m, y, tfor power station m is in the average output of y period t; For Equations of The Second Kind power station, with its history actual motion water level for reference, arrange its water level process; For the 3rd class power station, arrange its initial water level process according to its controlling water level point, and according to its at whole story water level and schedule periods in prediction Incoming water quantity estimate that it can generated energy for thermal power station, arrange generated energy in its schedule periods.In flood season, each thermal power station runs with single unit minimum load, and in low water season, each thermal power station is according to the dump energy of the load proportion allocation schedule phase of each moon; For wind power station, photovoltaic plant, choose the method for operation of the method for operation as its every month of a typical day each middle of the month from history.
N m , t = Σ y = 1 Y N m , y , t / Y , 1 ≤ t ≤ T - - - ( 1 )
(5) process of exerting oneself of determining method for electrically calculating Equations of The Second Kind and the 3rd class power station with water is adopted.
(6) formula (2) is adopted to calculate the electricity of day part the 3rd class power station required balance.In formula (2), E h3, tbe the generated energy that the 3rd class power station needs, D tfor the demand electricity of period t, M h1, M h2, M t, M w, M sbe respectively the number of first kind power station, Equations of The Second Kind power station, thermal power station, wind power station, photovoltaic plant.
E H 3 , t = D t - Σ m = 1 M H 1 E m , t - Σ j = 1 M H 2 E j , t - Σ l = 1 M T E 1 , t - Σ p = 1 M W E p , t - Σ q = 1 M S E q , t , 1 ≤ t ≤ T - - - ( 2 )
(7) generated energy equal proportion can arrange the electricity in main regulation power station according to the 3rd class power station, adopt and determine water method with electricity and calculate, the electricity of each main adjustment power station distribution as formula (3), E in formula k,tfor kth seat power station needs generated energy in the t period.
E k , t = E k , t k / Σ k = 1 M H 3 E k , t k * E H 3 , t - - - ( 3 )
(8) calculate the deviation of gross generation and total load by the period, if Power unbalance, then recalculate from step (6), if electric quantity balancing, then carry out step (9).
(9) daily load deducts the load day by day of wind-powered electricity generation and photovoltaic plant day by day, then carries out successively cutting load according to the order of water power, thermoelectricity.Wherein water power is according to waiting coincidence rate principle adjustment electricity, and thermoelectricity sorts according to energy-saving and emission-reduction principle, adopts cutting load method to determine its daily output process.
(10) power balance analysis in next day is carried out, until complete medium-term and long-term balance of electric power and ener analysis.
Now for Yunnan Power System, actual participation economizes 119, the power station of balancing, 11, thermal power station, wind power station 44, photovoltaic plant 11, adopts the present invention to carry out the medium-term and long-term balance of electric power and ener analysis of system.Yunnan is located in Southwestern China area, have abundant water resource, through constantly developing in recent years, develop into the water power concentration type electrical network in order to take water power as main energy sources, need to arrange its method of operation according to the feature of all kinds of power supply in the process of medium-term and long-term plans establishment, for water power, especially to process according to the difference classification of its installed capacity and adjusting function.
Now balance of electric power and ener analysis in certain year is example, introduces use procedure of the present invention.The present invention is divided into reading by a hour workload demand, power station categorizing selection, arranges all kinds of operation pattern of plant, equilibrium analysis four-stage.Concrete calculation process as shown in Figure 1.Fig. 2 is systematic electricity electric quantity balancing result.Wherein first kind power station, Equations of The Second Kind power station directly arrange water level process, and balance of electric power and ener adjustment is carried out in the 3rd class power station.Choose the voe in the Lancang River, waxy common wheat power station in this example for mainly to regulate power station, it specifically balances result as shown in Figure 3; Following table 1 gives detailed balancing programme, can find out system month by month electricity all meet electrical demand, achieve electric quantity balancing.
Electric quantity balancing table (unit: MW, hundred million kWh) month by month
On the other hand, thermoelectricity, photovoltaic, wind-powered electricity generation power generation situation is analyzed further.For thermal power station, in flood season, each thermal power station runs with single unit minimum load; In low water season, each thermal power station is according to the dump energy of the load proportion allocation schedule phase of each moon; Fig. 4 gives the EQUILIBRIUM CALCULATION FOR PROCESS result of the eastern regions of the Yunnan Province power plant.For wind power station, photovoltaic plant, the method for operation that have employed typical case's day each moon generates its generation schedule; Fig. 5 is the equilibrium analysis result of the wind energy turbine set plum mountain valley with clumps of trees and bamboo and photovoltaic power plant sheep Xiong Shan.
In sum, the present invention has that principle is simple, to calculate power station quantity few, and the advantages such as plan exploitativeness is strong, efficiently can work out the medium-term and long-term balance of electric power and ener plan of reasonable.
The specific embodiment of the present invention should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting example in every respect; as long as all changes conform with scope that claims of the present invention defines or are its implementer's formula equivalents, all should be included in protection category of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. the medium-term and long-term balance of electric power and ener analytical approach of the extensive station group of water power enrichment electrical network, its feature comprises the steps,
(1) schedule periods reading provincial power network is interior by a hour workload demand;
(2) select all power stations participating in balance of electric power and ener calculating, comprise power station, thermal power station, wind power station, photovoltaic plant;
Power station is divided into three types by the difference according to feature:
First kind power station is the power station lacking calculating chart;
Equations of The Second Kind power station, for there being calculating chart, has the power station of week adjustment and following adjusting function;
3rd class power station is the main adjustment power station participating in balance of electric power and ener analysis, for the balance of electric power and ener of regulating system, selects the power station with season adjustment and above adjusting function;
(3) for dissimilar power supply, the constraint condition of all kinds of power supply is set; For power station, set its outbound restriction, water level restriction and bound restriction of exerting oneself; For thermal power station, wind power station, photovoltaic plant, set its exert oneself subtract button and exert oneself bound restriction;
(4) method of operation in part power station is directly arranged; For first kind power station, owing to lacking necessary calculating chart, directly arrange its day part to exert oneself process, it exerts oneself as the average output of front Y, as formula (1), and wherein N m,tfor power station m is in the average output of period t, N m, y, tfor power station m is in the average output of y period t; For Equations of The Second Kind power station, with its history actual motion water level for reference, arrange its water level process; For the 3rd class power station, arrange its initial water level process according to its controlling water level point, and according to its at whole story water level and schedule periods in prediction Incoming water quantity estimate that it can generated energy for thermal power station, arrange generated energy in its schedule periods; In flood season, each thermal power station runs with single unit minimum load, and in low water season, each thermal power station is according to the dump energy of the load proportion allocation schedule phase of each moon; For wind power station, photovoltaic plant, choose the method for operation of the method for operation as its every month of a typical day each middle of the month from history;
N m , t = Σ y = 1 Y N m , y , t / Y 1 ≤ t ≤ T - - - ( 1 )
(5) process of exerting oneself of determining method for electrically calculating Equations of The Second Kind and the 3rd class power station with water is adopted;
(6) formula (2) is adopted to calculate the electricity of day part the 3rd class power station required balance; In formula (2), E h3, tbe the generated energy that the 3rd class power station needs, D tfor the demand electricity of period t, M h1, M h2, M t, M w, M sbe respectively the number of first kind power station, Equations of The Second Kind power station, thermal power station, wind power station, photovoltaic plant;
E H 3 , t = D t - Σ m = 1 M H 1 E m , t - Σ j = 1 M H 2 E j , t - Σ l = 1 M T E l , t - Σ p = 1 M W E p , t - Σ q = 1 M S E q , t 1 ≤ t ≤ T - - - ( 2 )
(7) generated energy equal proportion can arrange the electricity in main regulation power station according to the 3rd class power station, adopt and determine water method with electricity and calculate, the electricity of each main adjustment power station distribution as formula (3), E in formula k,tfor kth seat power station needs generated energy in the t period;
E k , t = E k , t k / Σ k = 1 M H 3 E k , t k * E H 3 , t - - - ( 3 )
(8) calculate the deviation of gross generation and total load by the period, if Power unbalance, then recalculate from step (6), if electric quantity balancing, then carry out step (9);
(9) daily load deducts the load day by day of wind-powered electricity generation and photovoltaic plant day by day, then carries out successively cutting load according to the order of water power, thermoelectricity; Wherein water power is according to waiting coincidence rate principle adjustment electricity, and thermoelectricity sorts according to energy-saving and emission-reduction principle, adopts cutting load method to determine its daily output process;
(10) power balance analysis in next day is carried out, until complete medium-term and long-term balance of electric power and ener analysis.
CN201510719442.6A 2015-10-29 2015-10-29 Long-term power and electricity balance analysis method for large-scale power station group of hydropower enrichment power grid Expired - Fee Related CN105260801B (en)

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CN111340295A (en) * 2020-02-27 2020-06-26 中国能源建设集团云南省电力设计院有限公司 Green power supply development route optimization and evaluation method based on envelope model
CN112001581A (en) * 2020-07-07 2020-11-27 国网重庆市电力公司 Power grid electric power quantity balancing method
CN114530891A (en) * 2021-11-24 2022-05-24 国网浙江省电力有限公司嘉兴供电公司 Photovoltaic participation electric power balance availability setting method

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