CN105259184B - Tunnel vault distributed optical fiber sensing device and its construction technology and monitoring method - Google Patents
Tunnel vault distributed optical fiber sensing device and its construction technology and monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105259184B CN105259184B CN201510833380.1A CN201510833380A CN105259184B CN 105259184 B CN105259184 B CN 105259184B CN 201510833380 A CN201510833380 A CN 201510833380A CN 105259184 B CN105259184 B CN 105259184B
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Abstract
Tunnel vault distributed optical fiber sensing device of the present invention and its construction technology and monitoring method, belong to sensor technical field, are related specifically to the design of a kind of tunnel vault distributed optical fiber sensing device and its construction technology and monitoring method.Distributed optical fiber sensing device includes：Optical fiber, fibre fabric block, optical time domain reflectometer and Kapton Tape；Optical fiber is pasted on tunnel vault by Kapton Tape；Fibre fabric block is pasted on epoxide-resin glue outside the optical fiber and Kapton Tape pasted again；One end of every optical fiber is all connected with optical time domain reflectometer.The present invention has the characteristics that structure novel, easy for installation, low cost, comprehensive, non-blind area, the monitoring of full-time domain, therefore belongs to a kind of novel tunnel vault distributed optical fiber sensing device integrating economy and practicability.
Description
Technical field
Tunnel vault distributed optical fiber sensing device of the present invention and its construction technology and monitoring method, belong to sensing
Device technical field is related specifically to a kind of design of the tunnel vault method of real-time based on distribution type fiber-optic.
Background technology
Existing tunnel detection technique mainly uses Brillouin scattering technology (BOTDR), the method for monitoring to concentrate on structure
Displacement, strain and sedimentation etc. are primarily present limitation below：
(1) multipoint mode is easy to miss inspection：The detection method of point type is layouted, and most dangerous place may be missed, and there are blind areas；Increase
Monitoring is added to count, although improving the reliability of result, workload and equipment cost greatly increase, and consider economy and efficiency etc.
It is difficult to infinitely lay various detection probes or sensor in factor, Practical Project or research project；
(2) engineering-environment dependence is big：Traditional technology monitoring velocity is slow, efficiency is low, needs special operating personnel, and tunnel
Road engineering specifications is usually more complicated, and traditional electrical sensor is sensitive with other environmental factors to humidity, temperature, electromagnetic field.Cause
This, highly desirable, durability small to such environmental effects and the good Remote Monitoring Technology of long-time stability；
(3) in real time, parallel and automatic monitoring degree it is not high, lack long range technology and large area monitoring method.
The problem of in the presence of for the above-mentioned prior art, a kind of novel tunnel vault distribution type fiber-optic prison of research and design
Device and its construction technology and monitoring method are surveyed, is the problems of in the prior art very necessary to overcome.
Invention content
In view of it is above-mentioned the problems of in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is a kind of novel tunnel arches of research and design
Push up distributed optical fiber sensing device.This device, which is the distributed optical fiber sensing system based on optical time domain reflection technology (OTDR), to be had
Many important advantages.OTDR optical time domain reflectometers are the Rayleigh scattering and Fresnel reflection when being transmitted in a fiber using light
The optoelectronic integration instrument of generated backscattering and manufactured precision, it is widely used in the maintenance of lightguide cable link, applies
Among work, the measurement of fiber lengths, the transmission attenuation of optical fiber, connector decaying and fault location etc. can be carried out.Optical time domain reflectometer
Test is then to receive the information of return in optical time domain reflectometer port by emitting in light pulse to optical fiber to carry out.Work as light
When pulse is transmitted in optical fiber, can due to the property of optical fiber itself, connector, junction, bending or other similar events and
Generate scattering, reflection.The scattering and reflection of a portion return in optical time domain reflectometer.The useful information of return by
The detector of optical time domain reflectometer measures, they just as on different location in optical fiber time or curve segment.From transmitting
Time used in signal to return signal, then determine speed of the light in glass substance, so that it may to calculate distance.This monitoring
The measurement for the every bit sensing amount being distributed along sensor fibre may be implemented in means, has broad application prospects 1 in OTDR, and one
Pulsed light is transmitted along optical fiber, and the loss of each point on entire optical fiber, transmission distance are assured that by measuring its back rayleigh scattering
From length, electromagnetism interference.
Because serving as a contrast concrete This invention provides a kind of for tunnel vault two and fall off the method for monitoring, key is along tunnel
In the parallel stickup distribution type fiber-optic of vault, the vault above track is uniformly distributed trend, then by combustion-proof glass fiber cloth block
It is pasted on vault surface outer fiber, optical fiber is made to be passed through from every piece of fibre fabric block axis, intelligent acess OTDR (FBG) demodulators realize arch
Fall off monitoring in real time and the positioning of two lining concrete of top.Solution prior art concrete falls off, and positioning is difficult, monitors hardly possible, monitoring in real time
The narrow problem of area coverage.
What technical solution of the invention was realized in：
Tunnel vault distributed optical fiber sensing device of the present invention, it is characterised in that the distributed optical fiber sensing
Device includes：Optical fiber, fibre fabric block, optical time domain reflectometer and Kapton Tape；Optical fiber is pasted on by Kapton Tape
Tunnel vault；Fibre fabric block is pasted on epoxide-resin glue outside the optical fiber and Kapton Tape pasted again；Every
One end of optical fiber is all connected with optical time domain reflectometer.
Optical fiber of the present invention moves towards parallel along tunnel and is distributed in tunnel vault.
Optical fiber of the present invention arranges more according to tunnel cross-sectional width.
Fibre fabric block of the present invention is combustion-proof glass fiber cloth, and it is 500- that the specification of fibre fabric block, which is length and width,
The rectangle of 800mm；Between two pieces of adjacent fibre fabric blocks there are the gaps of 0.5-2cm.
Optical fiber of the present invention is positioned over fibre fabric block axis line position thereon.
The construction technology of tunnel vault distributed optical fiber sensing device of the present invention is：
A, first along tunnel vault vertical concrete surface optical fiber sensing network design position beaten with angle grinder, sand paper
Floating ash is removed in removing, along sensor fibre design position both sides polishing each 5cm of width, to ensure enough epoxy resin gel coatings and coagulation
The contact area of soil structure ensures sensor fibre and interstructural reliable bond to be measured and compatibility of deformation；Polishing requires to reach thin
Aggregate is clearly exposed, and pays attention to uniform force application of polishing, and ensures that bonding plane is smooth without local minor radius bumps, to prevent what is therefore introduced
The initial microbending loss of system；
B, adhesive surface is cleaned with absolute ethyl alcohol, air-dried, it is ensured that gluing of surfaces is clean, to ensure bonding quality；It is stringent by than
Example modulating epoxy resin, uniformly apply scrape thickness be 0.2mm bottoms epoxide-resin glue in Fibre Optical Sensor section design position bonding plane；
C, in design position, this will ensure that the appropriate tight holding of sensing section optical fiber is straight, not obtain laying optical fiber in the process
Now artificially cause initial micro-bend defect；Be fixed temporarily with mackintosh at sensing straightway both ends after laying is in place, to prevent due to
Epoxy resin initial flux causes locating bias；Bottom epoxy resin just reaches initial setting strength after 30 minutes, re-modulates epoxy
Resin, painting scrape coating epoxy resin to designing coating layer thickness.
D, Kapton Tape is attached on optical fiber, optical fiber is fixed on vault concrete surface.
E, epoxide-resin glue reaches final strength after 24 hours, carries out fibre fabric block stickup, is uniformly applied with epoxide-resin glue
It smears in rectangular fiber cloth adhesive surface, optical fiber is made to be located at fibre fabric block axis line position, stay 0.5-2cm empty between fibre fabric block
Gap.
F, optical fiber is connect with optical time domain reflectometer, optical time domain reflectometer is equipped with photoswitch, can monitor a plurality of light simultaneously
Fine signal.
The monitoring method of tunnel vault distributed optical fiber sensing device of the present invention is：
A, optical time domain reflectometer incident pulse light into optical fiber；
B, pulsed light enters through optical fiber in tunnel, in part scattering light and reflected light back kick light echo time-domain reflectomer；
C, optical time domain reflectometer is received by the reflected light of retroeflection in optical fiber, and the loss signal in perception reflex light, thing
It is shown over the display after part analysis；
D, optical time domain reflectometer analyzes the optical fiber all fronts loss situation obtained, judges whether tunnel vault has coagulation soil cracking
The changing of the relative positions and fibercuts at seam and crack, while it is positioned.
It is an advantage of the invention that it will be apparent that being mainly manifested in：
The present invention is based on the tunnel vault method of real-time of distribution type fiber-optic have principle it is simple, it is easy for installation, to tunnel
Road structure is harmless, the advantages of long range real-time online measuring can be achieved, and covering for fiber cloth ensure that vault danger zone
Gamut monitoring non-blind area fall off condition monitoring and energy, it can be achieved that serving as a contrast concrete to tunnel vault two and carrying out online cracking in real time
Enough early warning reduce security risk and operation risk, improve for improving the operation safeties such as vcehicular tunnel, subway, railway tunnel
Overall economic benefit will generate positive meaning.The technology applies also for other fields, the safety monitoring of mine hole, roof system seam
Monitoring, facing tile fall off monitoring etc..
The present invention has structure novel, easy for installation, low cost, comprehensive, non-blind area, full-time domain monitoring and other advantages,
High-volume puts goods on the market and will generate positive social benefit and significant economic benefit.
Description of the drawings
The present invention shares 3 width attached drawings, wherein：
1 principle of the invention figure of attached drawing；
2 optical fiber of the present invention of attached drawing is layed in vault construction schematic diagram；
3 present invention of attached drawing is loaded on structural schematic diagram in tunnel；
In figure：1, optical fiber 2, fibre fabric block 3, optical time domain reflectometer 4, epoxide-resin glue 5, Kapton Tape
Specific implementation mode
Specific embodiments of the present invention are as shown in the picture, tunnel vault distributed optical fiber sensing device, it is characterised in that institute
The distributed optical fiber sensing device stated includes：Optical fiber 1, fibre fabric block 2, optical time domain reflectometer 3 and Kapton Tape 5；Optical fiber 1
It is pasted on tunnel vault by Kapton Tape 5；Fibre fabric block 2 is pasted on to the light pasted with epoxide-resin glue 4 again
Outside fibre 1 and Kapton Tape 5；One end of every optical fiber 1 is all connected with optical time domain reflectometer 3.
Optical fiber 1 moves towards parallel along tunnel and is distributed in tunnel vault.
Optical fiber 1 arranges more according to tunnel cross-sectional width.Optical fiber 1 is positioned over 2 axis line position of fibre fabric block thereon.
Fibre fabric block 2 is combustion-proof glass fiber cloth, and the specification of fibre fabric block 2 is the rectangle that length and width are 500-800mm；Phase
Between two pieces of adjacent fibre fabric blocks 2 there are the gaps of 0.5-2cm.
The construction technology of tunnel vault distributed optical fiber sensing device is：
A, first along tunnel vault vertical concrete surface optical fiber sensing network design position beaten with angle grinder, sand paper
Floating ash is removed in removing, along sensor fibre design position both sides polishing each 5cm of width, to ensure 4 coating of enough epoxide-resin glues and mix
The contact area of Xtah Crude Clay structure ensures sensor fibre 1 and interstructural reliable bond to be measured and compatibility of deformation；Polishing requires to reach
Fine aggregate is clearly exposed, and pays attention to uniform force application of polishing, and ensures that bonding plane is smooth without local minor radius bumps, to prevent therefore introducing
The initial microbending loss of system；
B, adhesive surface is cleaned with absolute ethyl alcohol, air-dried, it is ensured that gluing of surfaces is clean, to ensure bonding quality；It is stringent by than
Example modulating epoxy resin, it is that 0.2mm bottoms epoxide-resin glue 4 senses section design position bonding plane in optical fiber 1 uniformly to apply and scrape thickness；
C, for laying optical fiber 1 in design position, this will ensure that the appropriate tight holding of sensing section optical fiber 1 is straight in the process, must not
Occur artificially causing initial micro-bend defect；Be fixed temporarily with mackintosh at sensing straightway both ends after laying is in place, to prevent by
Locating bias is caused in epoxy resin initial flux；Bottom epoxy resin just reaches initial setting strength after 30 minutes, re-modulates ring
Oxygen resin, painting scrape coating epoxy resin to designing coating layer thickness.
D, Kapton Tape 5 is attached on optical fiber 1, optical fiber 1 is fixed on vault concrete surface.
E, epoxide-resin glue 4 reaches final strength after 24 hours, carries out fibre fabric block 2 and pastes, uniform with epoxide-resin glue 4
It is applied to 2 adhesive surface of rectangular fiber cloth, optical fiber 1 is made to be located at 2 axis line position of fibre fabric block, stays 1cm empty between fibre fabric block 2
Gap.
F, optical fiber 1 is connect with optical time domain reflectometer 3, optical time domain reflectometer 3 is equipped with photoswitch, can monitor simultaneously a plurality of
The signal of optical fiber 1.
The monitoring method of tunnel vault distributed optical fiber sensing device is：
A, the incident pulse light into optical fiber 1 of optical time domain reflectometer 3；
B, pulsed light enters through optical fiber 1 in tunnel, part scattering light and reflected light back kick light echo time-domain reflectomer 3
In；
C, optical time domain reflectometer 3 is received by the reflected light of retroeflection in optical fiber 1, and the loss signal in perception reflex light,
It is shown over the display after event analysis；
D, optical time domain reflectometer 3 analyzes the optical fiber 1 obtained and situation is completely lost, and judges whether tunnel vault has coagulation soil cracking
The changing of the relative positions and fibercuts at seam and crack, while it is positioned.
The above, only preferable specific implementation mode of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to
This, all those familiar with the art are in technical scope disclosed by the invention, according to the technique and scheme of the present invention
And its design of the present invention is subject to equivalent substitution or change and is covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of tunnel vault distributed optical fiber sensing device, it is characterised in that the distributed optical fiber sensing device includes：
Optical fiber（1）, fibre fabric block（2）, optical time domain reflectometer（3）And Kapton Tape（5）；Optical fiber（1）Pass through Kapton Tape
（5）It is pasted on tunnel vault；Again by fibre fabric block（2）Use epoxide-resin glue（4）It is pasted on the optical fiber pasted（1）And polyamides
Imines adhesive tape（5）It is external；Every optical fiber（1）One end all with optical time domain reflectometer（3）It is connected；
The optical fiber（1）It moves towards parallel along tunnel and is distributed in tunnel vault, arrange more according to tunnel cross-sectional width, and be located at
The fibre fabric block of covering thereon（2）Axis line position；
The fibre fabric block（2）For combustion-proof glass fiber cloth, fibre fabric block（2）Specification be length and width be 500-800mm's
Rectangle；Two pieces of adjacent fibre fabric blocks（2）Between there are the gaps of 0.5-2cm.
2. a kind of construction method of tunnel vault distributed optical fiber sensing device, method are：
A, the installation position of the optical fiber sensing network moved towards first along tunnel in tunnel vault concrete surface is with angle grinder, sand paper
Polishing removes floating ash, along sensor fibre design position both sides polishing each 5cm of width, to ensure enough epoxide-resin glues（4）Coating
With the contact area of concrete structure, ensure sensor fibre（1）With interstructural reliable bond to be measured and compatibility of deformation；Polishing is wanted
Ask that reach fine aggregate clearly exposed, and pay attention to uniform force application of polishing, ensure that adhesive surface is smooth without local minor radius bumps, to prevent because
This initial microbending loss of system introduced；
B, adhesive surface is cleaned with absolute ethyl alcohol, air-dried, it is ensured that adhesive surface clean surface, to ensure bonding quality；Strictly in proportion
Modulating epoxy resin glue, it is 0.2mm bottom epoxide-resin glues uniformly to apply and scrape thickness（4）In sensor fibre（1）Design position is pasted
Face；
C, sensor fibre is laid（1）In design position, this will ensure sensor fibre in the process（1）Appropriate tight holding is straight, no
Must occur artificially causing initial micro-bend defect；It is fixed temporarily with mackintosh at sensing straightway both ends after laying is in place, to prevent
Since epoxide-resin glue initial flux causes locating bias；Bottom epoxide-resin glue just reaches initial setting strength after 30 minutes, again
Modulating epoxy resin glue, painting scrape coating epoxide-resin glue to designing coating layer thickness；
D, by Kapton Tape（5）It is attached at optical fiber（1）On, by optical fiber（1）It is fixed on vault concrete surface；
E, epoxide-resin glue after 24 hours（4）Reach final strength, carries out fibre fabric block（2）It pastes, uses epoxide-resin glue（4）
It is even to be applied to rectangular fiber cloth（2）Adhesive surface makes optical fiber（1）Positioned at fibre fabric block（2）Axis line position, fibre fabric block（2）
Between stay the gaps 0.5-2cm；
F, by optical fiber（1）With optical time domain reflectometer（3）Connection, optical time domain reflectometer（3）It is equipped with photoswitch, can be monitored simultaneously more
Optical fiber（1）Signal.
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| CN108709856B (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2021-02-05 | 江苏省水利勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Concrete structure crack monitoring and early warning system and early warning method |
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