CN105258533B - There is the shell-and-tube heat exchanger of fractal structure - Google Patents
There is the shell-and-tube heat exchanger of fractal structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN105258533B CN105258533B CN201510791796.1A CN201510791796A CN105258533B CN 105258533 B CN105258533 B CN 105258533B CN 201510791796 A CN201510791796 A CN 201510791796A CN 105258533 B CN105258533 B CN 105258533B
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of shell-and-tube heat exchanger with fractal structure, including：Housing, shell-side fluid import, shell side fluid outlet and heat-exchanging tube bundle；Shell-side fluid import and shell side fluid outlet are all connected with the inside of housing；Heat-exchanging tube bundle is located in housing, and heat-exchanging tube bundle is in the many helical structures of DNA formula.Whole heat-exchanging tube bundle is in DNA molecular helical structure, can effectively guide shell-side fluid along helical path；Enhance the field coordination of shell side in the case that droop loss is little, and eliminates the flow dead of shell side.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of heat-exchanger rig, more particularly to a kind of shell-and-tube heat exchanger with fractal structure.
Background technology
Shell-and-tube heat exchanger is generally made up of bobbin carriage, tube sheet, housing, heat exchanger tube etc..Shell-and-tube heat exchanger typically all exists
The many parallel pipes of setting, i.e. bundle of parallel tubes in one circular cylindrical shell, cold and hot two kinds of fluids pass through heat exchanger tube (bundle of parallel tubes)
Carry out heat exchange.Traditional shell-and-tube radiator is generally equipped with the baffle plate type vertical with heat-exchanging tube bundle although in certain journey
Heat transfer property is improve on degree, but also results in the increase of flow resistance while heat transfer property improves, that is, to consume one
Quantitative pump work is obtaining a certain amount of heat exchange amount.
Shell-and-tube heat exchanger have the advantages that reliability height, strong adaptability, firm in structure, be simple to manufacture, be widely used in
The industrial circles such as petrochemical industry, electric power, environmental protection.The links being related to energy consumption are adopted by the propulsion reducing discharging with industrial energy saving
Active and effective conservation measures will have important construction value and meaning.Design is optimized to shell-and-tube heat exchanger, improves it
Heat exchanger efficiency, is an Important Action of energy-saving and emission-reduction.
Non-perpendicular angles is become using with heat-exchanging tube bundle by the helical deflecting plate pipe and shell type heat exchanger technology of CBI/ABB register of company
Some quadrant deflection plates of degree are arranged in housing internal coiling, and guiding shell-side fluid flows through along spiral path.This design is notable
Improve the hot effectiveness of heat exchanger, increased conduction of heat and decrease energy consumption and back-mixing, substantially reduce Flow vibration simultaneously.
This heat exchanger is widely used in petrochemical industry.
The twisted tube beam tube shell heat exchanger of Koch Heat Transfer company adopts spirally twisted flat-tube close-packed arrays
The spiral flow kinetic energy of bunchy tube side is significantly increased the turbulence intensity in the case of high-viscosity fluid low speeds flow, thus greatly improving
Conduction of heat, (lead) stream plate need not be rolled over as shell fluid flow space while improving heat exchange area in the space outside flat tube can
Equally largely increase the turbulivity of shell fluid flow to produce consistent shell side helical flow.Both the above shell heat exchanger
Technology relative maturity, is widely used under most of industrial situations, but correlation technique still has strengthening further empty
Between.
Chinese patent a kind of shell-and-tube heat exchanger patent (CN 101846467 B) proposes the heat exchange of configuration tree
Tube bank 4 simultaneously eliminates deflection plate, because fractal structure runner is increasing heat exchange surface area, reduces reduced pressure aspect effect is significant
Make it can effectively improve fluid interchange performance, also can effectively reduce the increase of pump work consumption simultaneously.But, the shell of this patent
Cheng Liudong does not have flow-guiding structure, its very irregular that flows, it is understood that there may be flow dead.
Because fractal structure has a lot of embodiments in nature, the lung of such as animal, the root of plant and titled with and river mouth three
Angle continent etc., the fractal structure that these are present in nature all creates the beneficial effect of efficient energy-saving in terms of mass transfer and heat transfer,
Therefore academic and engineering circles all recognize the application prospect of bionical fractal structure.The present invention is existed by fractal structure and biomimetic features
The advantage that may embody on heat exchanger, proposition one kind can take into account tube side and the synergitic fractal structure of shell side Flow and Temperature changes
The shell-and-tube heat exchanger of heat pipe bundle, to improve flowing and the heat exchange property of such heat exchanger.
Content of the invention
In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of shell-and-tube heat exchanger with fractal structure, uses
Poor in the flowing and heat exchange property solving the problems, such as shell-and-tube heat exchanger presence of the prior art.
For achieving the above object and other related purposes, the present invention provides a kind of pipe shell type heat exchange with fractal structure
Device, the described shell-and-tube heat exchanger with fractal structure includes：Housing, shell-side fluid import, shell side fluid outlet and heat exchanger tube
Bundle；
Described shell-side fluid import and described shell side fluid outlet are all connected with the inside of described housing；
Described heat-exchanging tube bundle is located in described housing, and described heat-exchanging tube bundle is in the many helical structures of DNA formula.
As a kind of preferred version of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger with fractal structure of the present invention, described heat-exchanging tube bundle bag
Include：Inflow tube, several heat-exchanging tube bundle units and several connecting pipes；
Described inflow tube is passed through in described housing from one end of described housing along the axis of described housing and extends to institute
State near the other end in housing；
Described heat-exchanging tube bundle unit is located at described inflow tube periphery, and the axis along described housing spatially spirally divides
Cloth；
Described connecting pipe is located between described inflow tube and described heat-exchanging tube bundle unit and adjacent described heat exchange
Between tube bundle unit, it is adapted to the described inflow tube described heat-exchanging tube bundle list adjacent with described heat-exchanging tube bundle unit and connection
Unit.
As a kind of preferred version of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger with fractal structure of the present invention, connect described inflow tube
It is straight tube with described in described heat-exchanging tube bundle unit connecting pipe, extend in described housing positioned at described inflow tube
End, and along the axially vertical distribution of described inflow tube；Described connecting pipe connecting adjacent described heat-exchanging tube bundle unit is spiral shell
Coil.
As a kind of preferred version of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger with fractal structure of the present invention, described heat-exchanging tube bundle unit
Including two-layer H type n fraction shape heat exchanger tube and 2nIndividual alienation connecting pipe, wherein, n is the odd number more than 1；
Described H type n fraction shape heat exchanger tube is Planar Fractal structural pipeline；
Described alienation connecting pipe is spatially spiral hollow blade, and described alienation connecting pipe is by H type n fraction described in two-layer
Shape heat exchanger tube is connected in two ends of final stage lateral, and two planar ends of described abnormity connecting pipe are located at respectively
In the plane that the described H type n fraction shape heat exchanger tube being connected is located.
As a kind of preferred version of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger with fractal structure of the present invention, described alienation connecting pipe
It is rectangle along the cross sectional shape perpendicular to described housing axis direction, described rectangular width is changed with described H type n fraction shape
The ratio of the hydraulic diameter of final stage lateral of heat pipe is 0.5～0.9, and described rectangular length is changed with described H type n fraction shape
The ratio of the hydraulic diameter of final stage lateral of heat pipe is 0.5～0.9.
As a kind of preferred version of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger with fractal structure of the present invention, described rectangular width
Ratio with the hydraulic diameter of the final stage lateral of described H type n fraction shape heat exchanger tube is 0.7～0.8, described rectangular length
Ratio with the hydraulic diameter of the final stage lateral of described H type n fraction shape heat exchanger tube is 0.65～0.75.
As a kind of preferred version of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger with fractal structure of the present invention, described H type n fraction shape is changed
Heat pipe is the multistage fractal structure of plane, and including multilevel branch pipeline, wherein, odd level lateral is polar plane inner circumferential circular arc
Pipe, even level lateral is the straight tube of the radial direction along along same polar plane；In lateral described in adjacent two-stage, described in upper level
The end of lateral is connected with the middle part of score value pipeline described in next stage.
As a kind of preferred version of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger with fractal structure of the present invention, described in adjacent upper and lower two-stage
The ratio of the hydraulic diameter of lateral is 0.5～0.9.
As a kind of preferred version of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger with fractal structure of the present invention, described in adjacent upper and lower two-stage
The ratio of the hydraulic diameter of lateral is 0.7～0.8.
As a kind of preferred version of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger with fractal structure of the present invention, described in adjacent upper and lower two-stage
The length ratio of lateral is 0.5～0.9.
As a kind of preferred version of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger with fractal structure of the present invention, described in adjacent upper and lower two-stage
The length ratio of lateral is 0.65～0.75.
As a kind of preferred version of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger with fractal structure of the present invention, described connecting pipe
Hydraulic diameter is 1.2～1.5 with the ratio of the hydraulic diameter of the primary branch pipeline of described H type n fraction shape heat exchanger tube.
As a kind of preferred version of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger with fractal structure of the present invention, described connecting pipe
Hydraulic diameter is 1.41 with the ratio of the hydraulic diameter of the primary branch pipeline of described H type n fraction shape heat exchanger tube.
As a kind of preferred version of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger with fractal structure of the present invention, described housing and described change
The material of heat pipe bundle is carbon steel, low-alloy steel, rustless steel, graphite, fluoroplastics, glass, copper, copper alloy, aluminum, aluminium alloy, nickel
Or nickel alloy.
As described above, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger with fractal structure of the present invention, have the advantages that：
1. whole heat-exchanging tube bundle is in DNA molecular helical structure, can effectively guide shell-side fluid along helical path；
Enhance the field coordination (Flow and heat flux) of shell side in the case that droop loss is little, and eliminates the flowing of shell side
Dead band.
2. H type fractal structure topology is allow the structure of the top secondary segment of parting structure to fill in cylinder body full
Whole cylinder；Many fraction shape radiating tube makes the heat convection face of heat-exchanging tube bundle be significantly increased, and simultaneously multistage branch makes
The turbulent extent of Bottomhole pressure is greatly improved, and these two aspects effect all makes the exchange capability of heat of heat-exchanging tube bundle obtain effectively carrying
Rise；Tube side from enter into flow out substantially have passed through a U-shaped path, so make the exchange capability of heat of fluid obtain averagely disappearing simultaneously
Impact except thermal stress.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is shown as the cross section structure schematic diagram of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger with fractal structure of the present invention.
The stereochemical structure that Fig. 2 is shown as the heat-exchanging tube bundle in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger with fractal structure of the present invention is illustrated
Figure.
Fig. 3 is shown as the stereochemical structure of the heat-exchanging tube bundle unit in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger with fractal structure of the present invention
Schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is shown as the side view of the heat-exchanging tube bundle in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger with fractal structure of the present invention.
The operation principle that Fig. 5 is shown as the heat-exchanging tube bundle in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger with fractal structure of the present invention is illustrated
Figure.
Component label instructions
1 housing
2 shell-side fluid imports
3 shell side fluid outlet
4 heat-exchanging tube bundles
41 heat-exchanging tube bundle units
411 H type n fraction shape heat exchanger tubes
4111 first order laterals
4112 second level laterals
4113 three pole branches pipelines
412 alienation connecting pipes
42 connecting pipes
43 inflow tube
Specific embodiment
Below by way of specific instantiation, embodiments of the present invention are described, those skilled in the art can be by this specification
Disclosed content understands other advantages and effect of the present invention easily.The present invention can also be by addition different concrete realities
The mode of applying is carried out or applies, and the every details in this specification can also be based on different viewpoints and application, without departing from
Carry out various modifications and changes under the spirit of the present invention.
Refer to Fig. 1 to Fig. 5, it should be noted that the diagram provided in the present embodiment only illustrates this in a schematic way
The basic conception of invention, though only show the assembly relevant with the present invention rather than according to package count during actual enforcement in diagram
Mesh, shape and size are drawn, and during its actual enforcement, the kenel of each assembly, quantity and ratio can be a kind of random change, and its
Assembly layout kenel is likely to increasingly complex.
Refer to Fig. 1, the present invention provides a kind of shell-and-tube heat exchanger with fractal structure, described have fractal structure
Shell-and-tube heat exchanger includes：Housing 1, shell-side fluid import 2, shell side fluid outlet 3 and heat-exchanging tube bundle 4；Described shell-side fluid is entered
Mouth 2 and described shell side fluid outlet 3 are all connected with the inside of described housing 1；Described heat-exchanging tube bundle 4 is located in described housing 1,
And described heat-exchanging tube bundle 4 is in the many helical structures of DNA formula along described shell length direction.The Inner Constitution pipe of described heat-exchanging tube bundle 4
The Inner Constitution shell-side flow path of the passage of Cheng Liudong, the outside of described heat-exchanging tube bundle 4 and described housing 1.
As an example, refer to Fig. 2, described heat-exchanging tube bundle 4 includes：Inflow tube 43, several heat-exchanging tube bundle units 41
And several connecting pipes 42；Described inflow tube 43 axle along its length from one end of described housing 1 along described housing 1
Near the other end that line is passed through in described housing 1 and extends in described housing 1；Described heat-exchanging tube bundle unit 41 be located at described enter
Flow tube road 43 periphery, and axis along its length is spatially spirally distributed along described housing 1；Described connecting pipe 42
Between described inflow tube 43 and the described heat-exchanging tube bundle unit 41 and between adjacent described heat-exchanging tube bundle unit 41, the company of being suitable to
Connect described inflow tube 43 and described heat-exchanging tube bundle unit 41 and connect adjacent described heat-exchanging tube bundle unit 41, that is, described become a mandarin
The inside of pipeline 43 is connected by described connecting pipe 42 with the inside of described heat-exchanging tube bundle unit 41, and adjacent described
The inside of heat-exchanging tube bundle unit 41 is connected by described connecting pipe 42.
As an example, between adjacent described heat-exchanging tube bundle unit 41 and described inflow tube 43 and first described heat exchange
Between tube bundle unit 41 (extending to the described heat-exchanging tube bundle unit 41 of one end in described housing 1 positioned at described inflow tube 43)
All welded by described connecting pipe 42 or be connected.Connect described inflow tube 43 and first described heat-exchanging tube bundle unit 41
Described connecting pipe 42 be straight tube, and along the axially vertical distribution of described inflow tube 42；Connect adjacent described heat-exchanging tube bundle
Described connecting pipe 42 of unit 41 is serpentine pipe, to guarantee that described heat-exchanging tube bundle 4 is also in the many helical structures of DNA formula.
As an example, described inflow tube 43 welds from the described housing 1 side described housing 1 of entrance and with described housing 1
Or expanded joint, described connecting pipe 42 of last layer of described heat-exchanging tube bundle unit 41 stretch out as the exit passageway of tube side fluid
The outside of described housing 1 side, and weld or expanded joint with described housing 1.
As an example, refer to Fig. 3, described heat-exchanging tube bundle unit 41 includes two-layer H type n fraction shape heat exchanger tube 411 and 2n
Individual alienation connecting pipe 412, wherein, n is the odd number more than 1；Described H type n fraction shape heat exchanger tube 411 is Planar Fractal structural tube
Road；Described alienation connecting pipe 412 is spatially spiral hollow blade, and described alienation connecting pipe 412 is by H type n level described in two-layer
Point shape heat exchanger tube 411 is connected in two ends of final stage lateral, and two planar ends of described abnormity connecting pipe 412
It is located at respectively in the plane that the described H type n fraction shape heat exchanger tube 411 being connected is located, therefore, described heat-exchanging tube bundle unit 41 is in
The many helical structures of DNA formula.
As an example, described H type n fraction shape heat exchanger tube 411 is the multistage fractal structure of plane, including multilevel branch pipeline,
Wherein, odd level lateral is polar plane inner circumferential arc tube, and even level lateral is the radial direction along along same polar plane
Straight tube；In lateral described in adjacent two-stage, in the end of lateral described in upper level and score value pipeline described in next stage
Between position be connected.3 grades of laterals are included as an example with H type n fraction shape heat exchanger tube 411 described in Fig. 3, first order branched pipe
Road (i.e. primary branch pipeline) 4111 is polar plane inner circumferential arc tube, and second level lateral 4112 is along along same polar plane
The straight tube of radial direction, quantity is two, and third level lateral (i.e. final stage lateral) 4113 is along same polar plane inner circumferential
Arc tube, quantity is two, and in the end of described first order lateral 4111 and described second level lateral 4112
Portion is connected, and described second level lateral 4112 is connected with the middle part of described third level lateral 4113.So each
Upper pole lateral is connected with Liang Ge subordinate lateral respectively and just constitutes H type structure.This fractal structure be equivalent to by
The H type fractal structure topology that straight pipe is constituted is in sector region so that the fractal of odd level props up from straight tube change for circular arc
Bend pipe.The purpose of this technical scheme be by higher for space compactedness H type fractal structure topology in sector region so as to energy
Fully occupy cylindrical space (i.e. space in described housing 1).Two planar ends of described alienation connecting pipe 412 are also suitable
The final stage from the middle part of its planar section and described H type n fraction shape heat exchanger tube 411 for the next stage branch in final stage lateral
The end connection of lateral.
As an example, connect described connecting pipe of described inflow tube 43 and first described heat-exchanging tube bundle unit 41
42 are specially one end is connected with described inflow tube 43, and the other end is changed with the H type n fraction shape in described heat-exchanging tube bundle unit 41
The middle part of the primary branch pipeline (i.e. first order lateral 4111) of heat pipe 411 is connected.
As an example, the quantity of the described heat-exchanging tube bundle unit 41 of described inflow tube 43 periphery can be according to actual needs
Set it is preferable that as shown in figure 4, in the present embodiment, the described heat-exchanging tube bundle unit 41 of described inflow tube 43 periphery
Quantity is three, is provided with one week three described heat-exchanging tube bundle units 41 along the circumference of described inflow tube 43.
As an example, the laterals at different levels of described H type n fraction shape heat exchanger tube 411, described inflow tube 43, described
The shape of cross section of connecting pipe 42 all can be designed as square, circle, rectangle, hexagon etc. according to actual needs, preferably
Ground, in the present embodiment, the laterals at different levels of described H type n fraction shape heat exchanger tube 411, described inflow tube 43, described Zhi Liantong
The shape of cross section of pipeline 42 is circle.
As an example, described alienation connecting pipe 412 is rectangular along the cross sectional shape perpendicular to described housing 1 axis direction
Shape, described rectangular width is 0.5 with the ratio of the hydraulic diameter of the final stage lateral of described H type n fraction shape heat exchanger tube 411
～0.9, described rectangular length with the ratio of the hydraulic diameter of the final stage lateral of described H type n fraction shape heat exchanger tube 411 is
0.5～0.9；Preferably, in the present embodiment, described rectangular width is divided with the final stage of described H type n fraction shape heat exchanger tube 411
The ratio of the hydraulic diameter of branch pipe(tube) is 0.7～0.8, the end of described rectangular length and described H type n fraction shape heat exchanger tube 411
The ratio of the hydraulic diameter of level lateral is 0.65～0.75.
As an example, the ratio of the hydraulic diameter of lateral described in adjacent upper and lower two-stage is 0.5～0.9, using Fig. 3 as showing
Example, that is, the hydraulic diameter of described first order lateral 4111 and the ratio of the hydraulic diameter of described second level lateral 4112 are
0.5～0.9, the hydraulic diameter of the hydraulic diameter of described second level lateral 4112 and described third level lateral 4113 it
Than for 0.5～0.9；Preferably, in the present embodiment, the ratio of the hydraulic diameter of lateral described in adjacent upper and lower two-stage be 0.7～
0.8.
As an example, the length ratio of lateral described in adjacent upper and lower two-stage is 0.5～0.9, with Fig. 3 as an example,
I.e. the length of described first order lateral 4111 and the length ratio of described second level lateral 4112 are 0.5～0.9, institute
The length ratio of the length and described third level lateral 4113 of stating second level lateral 4112 is 0.5～0.9；Preferably
Ground, in the present embodiment, the length ratio of lateral described in adjacent upper and lower two-stage is 0.65～0.75.
It should be noted that described in adjacent upper and lower two-stage, the length of lateral is the length of straight pipe herein, that is, need
The length of the arc tube in described lateral is passed through the length that topology is deformed into straight pipe.
As an example, the first fraction of the hydraulic diameter of described connecting pipe 42 and described H type n fraction shape heat exchanger tube 411
The ratio of the hydraulic diameter of branch pipe(tube) is 1.2～1.5；Preferably, in the present embodiment, the hydraulic diameter of described connecting pipe and institute
The ratio stating the hydraulic diameter of primary branch pipeline of H type n fraction shape heat exchanger tube is 1.41.
As an example, the material of described housing 1 and described heat-exchanging tube bundle 4 can form and select according to working condition, fluid
Different materials, such as, the material of described housing 1 and described heat-exchanging tube bundle 4 can be but be not limited only to carbon steel, low-alloy
Steel, rustless steel, graphite, fluoroplastics, glass, copper, copper alloy, aluminum, aluminium alloy, nickel or nickel alloy.
As an example, the fluid in described heat-exchanging tube bundle 4 and in described housing 1 can for water, ammonia, ethanol, propanol, third
The arbitrarily fluid working substance such as ketone, Organic substance, cold-producing medium.
As an example, the heat exchange mode in described heat-exchanging tube bundle 4 can be forced-convection heat transfer, boiling/condensation phase inversion
Heat；Heat exchange mode in described shell-side flow path can also be forced-convection heat transfer, boiling/condensation phase-change heat-exchange.
Technical program of the present invention lies in：The described H type n fraction shape heat exchanger tube 411 that topology obtains can be fully and uniform
Be filled in sector.The occupying of tree-like fractal heat exchanger tube due to the more identical series of described H type n fraction shape heat exchanger tube 411
Spatial area big and uniformly, therefore temperature distribution uniform.In described heat-exchanging tube bundle unit 41, tube side fluid is from an institute
State a connecting pipe 42 to flow in coupled described H type n fraction shape heat exchanger tube 411, fluid flows to from primary branch pipeline
Final stage lateral, then by described alienation connecting pipe 412 and another described H type n fraction shape heat exchanger tube 411 of entrance, its
Flowing is to return to primary branch pipeline from final stage lateral, then passes through another described connecting pipe 42 again and flows out this institute
State heat-exchanging tube bundle unit 41.In each described heat-exchanging tube bundle unit 41, described heat-exchanging tube bundle 4 is produced increasingly by point shape
Many branches are so that tube side heat convection area is significantly increased；Branch can also in heat-exchanging tube bundle 4 described in effective disturbance fluid stream
Dynamic raising fluid turbulent degree, so, the heat convection effect in described heat-exchanging tube bundle 4 is greatly enhanced.In whole institute
State in heat-exchanging tube bundle 4, tube side fluid flows into from described inflow tube 43 and flows out from a connecting pipe 42 described in last layer, this
Planting flow path is U-shaped path in each shaft section of described housing 1 half-plane separate by axis.This flow path
Described heat-exchanging tube bundle 4 can clear up thermal stress, and also plays certain effect to the uniformity of shell-side fluid.Entirely described
The structure of the DNA molecular shape of heat-exchanging tube bundle 41, so that the fluid of shell side flows in the same direction, is specially threadingly advanced
Mode, this type of flow does not have the dead band that traditional baffling produces, and can increase the turbulivity of shell fluid flow simultaneously, and flow
Resistance has considerable reduction, thus the pressure drop decreasing flowing has reached the purpose of efficient energy-saving.
Refer to Fig. 5, the operation principle of the heat-exchanging tube bundle in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger with fractal structure of the present invention is：
, after described inflow tube 43 flows into the primary branch of described heat-exchanging tube bundle 4, the flow direction of fluid equal conditions is secondary for tube side fluid
Branch, finally flows out from the two ends of final stage lateral.Final stage affluent-dividing from one layer of described H type n fraction shape heat exchange pipeline 411
The tube side fluid going out flows into the final stage of next layer of described H type n fraction shape heat exchange pipeline 411 after described alienation connecting pipe 412
Branch, then flows into level branch thereon, eventually passes back to primary branch pipeline.Tube side fluid behind interflow passes through described Zhi Liantong again
Pipeline 42 enters next described heat-exchanging tube bundle unit 41.Tube side fluid is passed through by described inflow tube 43, described heat-exchanging tube bundle
The described heat-exchanging tube bundle 4 of the DNA helical structure of unit 41 and described connecting pipe 42 composition carries out heat exchange, with shell-side fluid
Flow out afterwards and complete heat transfer process.Described heat-exchanging tube bundle 4 structure of DNA spatially spiral according to the present invention can make full use of in shell
Space, increases effective heat exchange area, increases tube side, the turbulivity of shell-side fluid flowing it is achieved that shell fluid flow is in low pressure drop
In the case of produce the helical flow path in no dead band, enhance the field coordination of shell journey fluid interchange, improve heat exchanger knot
The compactedness of structure, effectively increases the fluid interchange efficiency of heat exchanger.Numerical simulation result shows, the biography with identical heat transfer area
Shell heat exchanger under the overall leadership compares, and its heat transfer efficiency can improve about 1 to 2 times, and shell-side pressure drop can reduce by 30%～50% about.
In sum, the present invention provides a kind of shell-and-tube heat exchanger with fractal structure, and described have fractal structure
Shell-and-tube heat exchanger includes：Housing, shell-side fluid import, shell side fluid outlet and heat-exchanging tube bundle；Described shell-side fluid import and
Described shell side fluid outlet is all connected with the inside of described housing；Described heat-exchanging tube bundle is located in described housing, and described changes
Heat pipe bundle is in the many helical structures of DNA formula.The shell-and-tube heat exchanger with fractal structure of the present invention, has the advantages that：
Whole heat-exchanging tube bundle is in DNA molecular helical structure, can effectively guide shell-side fluid along helical path；In droop loss
Enhance the field coordination (Flow and heat flux) of shell side in the case of seldom, and eliminate the flow dead of shell side；By H type
Fractal structure topology allows the structure of the top secondary segment of parting structure to fill completely whole cylinder in cylinder body；Multistage
Point shape radiating tube makes the heat convection face of heat-exchanging tube bundle be significantly increased, and simultaneously multistage branch makes the turbulent flow journey of Bottomhole pressure
Degree is greatly improved, and these two aspects effect all makes the exchange capability of heat of heat-exchanging tube bundle obtain effective lifting；Tube side is from entering into
Flow out and substantially have passed through a U-shaped path, so make the exchange capability of heat of fluid obtain the average impact simultaneously eliminating thermal stress.
Above-described embodiment only principle of the illustrative present invention and its effect, not for the restriction present invention.Any ripe
The personage knowing this technology all can carry out modifications and changes without prejudice under the spirit and the scope of the present invention to above-described embodiment.Cause
This, those of ordinary skill in the art is complete with institute under technological thought without departing from disclosed spirit such as
All equivalent modifications becoming or change, must be covered by the claim of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. a kind of shell-and-tube heat exchanger with fractal structure is it is characterised in that the described pipe shell type heat exchange with fractal structure
Device includes：Housing, shell-side fluid import, shell side fluid outlet and heat-exchanging tube bundle；
Described shell-side fluid import and described shell side fluid outlet are all connected with the inside of described housing；
Described heat-exchanging tube bundle is located in described housing, and described heat-exchanging tube bundle is in the many helical structures of DNA formula；
Described heat-exchanging tube bundle includes：Inflow tube, several heat-exchanging tube bundle units and several connecting pipes；Described inflow pipe
The other end that road is passed through in described housing from one end of described housing along the axis of described housing and extends in described housing is attached
Closely；Described heat-exchanging tube bundle unit is located at described inflow tube periphery, and the axis along described housing is spatially spirally distributed；Institute
State heat-exchanging tube bundle unit and include two-layer H type n fraction shape heat exchanger tube and 2nIndividual alienation connecting pipe, wherein, n is the odd number more than 1；
Described H type n fraction shape heat exchanger tube is Planar Fractal structural pipeline；Described alienation connecting pipe is spatially spiral hollow blade, institute
State alienation connecting pipe H type n fraction shape heat exchanger tube described in two-layer is connected in two ends of final stage lateral, and described
Two planar ends of alienation connecting pipe are located in the plane that the described H type n fraction shape heat exchanger tube being connected is located respectively；Described
Prop up connecting pipe and be located between described inflow tube and described heat-exchanging tube bundle unit and between adjacent described heat-exchanging tube bundle unit,
It is adapted to the described inflow tube described heat-exchanging tube bundle unit adjacent with described heat-exchanging tube bundle unit and connection.
2. the shell-and-tube heat exchanger with fractal structure according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：Connect described inflow pipe
Road is straight tube with described connecting pipe of described heat-exchanging tube bundle unit, extends in described housing positioned at described inflow tube
One end, and along the axially vertical distribution of described inflow tube；Described connecting pipe connecting adjacent described heat-exchanging tube bundle unit be
Serpentine pipe.
3. the shell-and-tube heat exchanger with fractal structure according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：Described alienation connecting tube
Road is rectangle, described rectangular width and described H type n fraction shape along the cross sectional shape perpendicular to described housing axis direction
The ratio of the hydraulic diameter of final stage lateral of heat exchanger tube is 0.5～0.9, described rectangular length and described H type n fraction shape
The ratio of the hydraulic diameter of final stage lateral of heat exchanger tube is 0.5～0.9.
4. the shell-and-tube heat exchanger with fractal structure according to claim 3 it is characterised in that：Described rectangular width
Degree is 0.7～0.8 with the ratio of the hydraulic diameter of the final stage lateral of described H type n fraction shape heat exchanger tube, described rectangular length
Degree is 0.65～0.75 with the ratio of the hydraulic diameter of the final stage lateral of described H type n fraction shape heat exchanger tube.
5. the shell-and-tube heat exchanger with fractal structure according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：Described H type n fraction shape
Heat exchanger tube is the multistage fractal structure of plane, and including multilevel branch pipeline, wherein, odd level lateral is justified for polar plane inner circumferential
Arc pipe, even level lateral is the straight tube of the radial direction along along same polar plane；In lateral described in adjacent two-stage, upper level institute
The end stating lateral is connected with the middle part of lateral described in next stage.
6. the shell-and-tube heat exchanger with fractal structure according to claim 5 it is characterised in that：Adjacent upper and lower two-stage institute
The ratio stating the hydraulic diameter of lateral is 0.5～0.9.
7. the shell-and-tube heat exchanger with fractal structure according to claim 6 it is characterised in that：Adjacent upper and lower two-stage institute
The ratio stating the hydraulic diameter of lateral is 0.7～0.8.
8. the shell-and-tube heat exchanger with fractal structure according to claim 5 it is characterised in that：Adjacent upper and lower two-stage institute
The length ratio stating lateral is 0.5～0.9.
9. the shell-and-tube heat exchanger with fractal structure according to claim 8 it is characterised in that：Adjacent upper and lower two-stage institute
The length ratio stating lateral is 0.65～0.75.
10. the shell-and-tube heat exchanger with fractal structure according to claim 5 it is characterised in that：Described communicating pipe
The hydraulic diameter in road is 1.2～1.5 with the ratio of the hydraulic diameter of the primary branch pipeline of described H type n fraction shape heat exchanger tube.
11. shell-and-tube heat exchangers with fractal structure according to claim 10 it is characterised in that：Described communicating pipe
The hydraulic diameter in road is 1.41 with the ratio of the hydraulic diameter of the primary branch pipeline of described H type n fraction shape heat exchanger tube.
12. shell-and-tube heat exchangers with fractal structure according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：Described housing and institute
The material stating heat-exchanging tube bundle is carbon steel, low-alloy steel, rustless steel, graphite, fluoroplastics, glass, copper, copper alloy, aluminum, aluminum close
Gold, nickel or nickel alloy.
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| CN106512869A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-03-22 | 中国科学院上海高等研究院 | Fluid uniform distribution device with fractal structure |
| CN106767018B (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2019-03-22 | 上海簇睿低碳能源技术有限公司 | The fractal for coupling jacket type pitches structure heat exchanger |
| CN114061335B (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2023-07-28 | 广东美的白色家电技术创新中心有限公司 | Heat exchanger, heat pump system and dish washer |
| CN114136124A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-03-04 | 浙江微流纳米生物技术有限公司 | Sanitary-grade microporous heat exchanger based on 3D printing |
| CN116625143B (en) * | 2023-05-04 | 2024-02-23 | 东南大学 | Explosion-proof LNG shell-and-tube heat exchanger |
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| JPS5172802A (en) * | 1974-12-20 | 1976-06-24 | Hitachi Ltd | NETSUKOKANKI |
| CN100494859C (en) * | 2006-01-20 | 2009-06-03 | 华南理工大学 | Heat exchanger with complex flow field helical baffle and its resistance-reducing enhanced heat transfer method |
| CN101846467B (en) * | 2010-04-28 | 2011-06-08 | 东南大学 | Shell-tube heat exchanger |
| CN201724581U (en) * | 2010-07-06 | 2011-01-26 | 徐复昌 | Spiral tubular heat exchanger |
| CN102080937A (en) * | 2011-01-28 | 2011-06-01 | 东南大学 | I-shaped tree type cross flow heat exchanger |
| US9464847B2 (en) * | 2011-02-04 | 2016-10-11 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Shell-and-tube heat exchangers with foam heat transfer units |
| DE102012216453A1 (en) * | 2012-09-14 | 2014-03-20 | Eberspächer Exhaust Technology GmbH & Co. KG | Heat exchanger |
| GB2516440A (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2015-01-28 | Richard Keirnan | Waste water heat recovery unit |
| CN103438735A (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2013-12-11 | 刘圣烈 | Integrated heat exchanger adopting multiple circulation loops |
| CN103542742B (en) * | 2013-11-02 | 2015-09-09 | 福州大学 | Can to loose core heat exchanger |
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