CN105253163A - Aerodynamic brake of high-speed train - Google Patents
Aerodynamic brake of high-speed train Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105253163A CN105253163A CN201510841171.1A CN201510841171A CN105253163A CN 105253163 A CN105253163 A CN 105253163A CN 201510841171 A CN201510841171 A CN 201510841171A CN 105253163 A CN105253163 A CN 105253163A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- impeller
- braking
- reel
- friction wheel
- brake
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an aerodynamic brake of a high-speed train. The aerodynamic brake comprises a shaft disk, a friction wheel, a rotary shaft, bearings, an impeller, fastening rings, a nippling lever and a driving mechanism. The shaft disk is arranged on an axle of the train. The impeller is arranged at one end of the rotary shaft, and the friction wheel is arranged at the other end of the rotary shaft. The two bearings are arranged on the middle section of the rotary shaft and hooped into the two fastening rings. During braking, the driving mechanism controls the nippling lever to put down the impeller and an assembly of the impeller from a skirt plate, the impeller and the assembly of the impeller make contact with and squeeze the conical friction surface of the shaft disk, the impeller rotates at high speed due to friction transmission to act on air, forward wind power is generated, and meanwhile violently collides with head-on air, kinetic energy of the train is consumed into the air, and therefore the braking aim is achieved; after braking is completed, the friction wheel is disengaged from the shaft disk, the nippling lever rises, and the impeller and the assembly of the impeller are lifted to the skirt plate. Braking is conducted based on the aerodynamic principle, braking force is large, time needed for braking can be remarkably shortened, maintenance is convenient, and the service life is long.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the braking technology field of rolling stock, relate to a kind of aerodynamic brake of high speed train.
Background technology
The reliable braking of high speed train is the basic demand of traffic safety, and the brake mode of train is divided into friction braking (also known as air brake) and dynamic brake by kinetic energy consumption ways; Friction braking comprises Block brake (tread brake), disc braking, electromagnetic rail brake; Dynamic brake comprises rheostatic brake, regenerative brake, rotating vortex braking, High-Speed Eddy Braking etc.Can be divided into adhesion braking and non-adhesion braking again by braking force generation type, wherein, Block brake, disc braking, rheostatic brake, regenerative brake, rotating vortex braking belong to viscous braking, and electromagnetic rail brake and High-Speed Eddy Braking belong to non-sticky and brake.
Current high speed train generally adopts composite brakig pattern, and namely air brake is combined with dynamic brake, adds the backup means of electromagnetic rail brake as emergency braking not being subject to electric fault effects.Electromagnetic rail brake is by making the magnet on train bogie put down, and utilizes the attractive force between magnet and track to produce larger friction force, thus makes train deceleration.Electromagnetic rail brake belongs to non adhesion braking, braking force is not by the impact of rail adhesion coefficient, braking force is more stable, but at present electromagnetic rail brake technology can only provide 10% of total braking force more, and electromagnetic rail brake is direct and track friction, produces very large heat energy, causes track to heat up, it is comparatively large to rail abrasion simultaneously, and therefore electromagnetic rail brake is applied to emergency braking more.The allocation proportion of various brake mode braking force when table 1 is China's high speed test train 300km/h emergency braking, table 2 is the stopping distance of various brake mode under different initial velocity.
During table 1 emergency braking, each brake mode braking force accounting distributes (%).
| Brake mode | Disc braking | Running resistance | Dynamic brake | Electromagnetic rail brake |
| Pure air brake | 93 | 7 | — | — |
| Air brake and electromagnetic rail brake compound | 82 | 6 | — | 12 |
| Air brake and dynamic brake compound | ≥54 | 6 | ≤40 | — |
| Air brake, dynamic brake and electromagnetic rail brake compound | ≥48.5 | 5.4 | ≤36 | 10.1 |
The brake equipment of table 2 high speed train and emergency stopping distance.
| Train model | Maximum speed/(km .h -1) | Brake mode | Trailer root axle dish number/ | Gauged distance/m | Defective mode distance/m |
| 300 is (Japan) | 300 | Power+dish type | 2 | 4 960 | — |
| ICE (Germany) | 300 | Power, dish type+track | 4 | 3 450 | — |
| TGV-A (France) | 300 | Power, dish type | 4 | 3 500 | 4 500 |
| TGV-PSE (France) | 270 | Power, dish type, tread | 4 | 3 200 | — |
| Beijing-Shanghai 300 km/h | 300 | Power, dish type+track | 4 | 3 700 | 4 500 |
| Beijing-Shanghai 200 km/h | 200 | Power, dish type | 3 | 1 800 | 2 000 |
High speed train is based on dynamic brake under normal circumstances, and insufficient section is using air brake as compensation.In this braking mode, dynamic brake ability depends primarily on the quantity of motor-car and the dynamic brake power of each motor-car.In power dispersion type high speed train, the energy of dynamic brake accounts for more than 50%.For power concentration formula high speed train, when speed governing is braked, dynamic brake also occupies larger ratio.
When conventional full application of brake and emergency braking, air brake then occupies larger ratio, and now dynamic braking force reaches maxim, and adjustable is air-making power, and must rely on air brake effect at low speed and when stopping.
Current air brake generally adopts the mode of dish type friction braking, when other brake mode lost efficacy, can ensure that high speed train can stop, to guarantee the safety of train operation within the distance of regulation.But disc braking mode is along with the improve of train running speed, the increase of kinetic energy, the heat energy produced during braking also increases greatly, huge braking thermal load makes brake disc easily produce Under Thermal Fatigue Damage, be mainly manifested in alternating temperature-changing and alternating thermal stress act on simultaneously under mechanical damage, tissue is changed in quality and oxide etch, radial cracking can be produced on brake disc friction face time serious, easily cause the brittle fracture of brake disc, affect traffic safety, in addition brake disc surface generation high-temerature creep, high-temperature oxidation and friction heat cause the problems such as material softening, in addition, the impact shock increase that brake disc makes unsprung weight and causes, also will consume tractive output in operation, speed is higher, and this loss in efficiency is also larger.
Although dynamic brake efficiency is higher, use in a large number in conventional brake, but because this brake assembly design is complicated, setting accuracy is high, pipeline is many, under unforeseen circumstances, may there is electrical accident and cause dead electricity in train, so can only can not as ultimate brake tool as alternative means in emergency braking.
As can be seen from Table 2, the problem of current brake mode ubiquity poor stop, along with China railways constantly at a high speed, hyper-speedization development, existing brake mode has more and more been difficult to the operation requirement of the high speed train meeting more than 300km/h speed per hour from the viewpoint of the material of device, braking energy and traveling comfort.
For this situation, the present invention devises a kind of device of aerodynamic braking, its principle utilizes the axletree of high-speed motion as propulsion source, drive custom-designed impeller High Rotation Speed, air is done work, blade and the air sharp impacts headed on simultaneously, thus the kinetic energy dissipation of train is reached the object of braking in air; Compared with traditional braking device, it is simple that this aerodynamic brake has structure, and brake efficiency is high, maintaining advantage easily.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of aerodynamic brake, to solve the deficiency existed in the existing braking technology of high speed train.
The aerodynamic brake of described a kind of high speed train, comprises following a few part: reel, friction wheel, rotating shaft, bearing, impeller, dead ring, claw beam and driver train.
Described reel is contained on the axletree of train; Impeller is contained in one end of rotating shaft, and rotating shaft is together with bearing interference fit; The other end of rotating shaft connects with a friction wheel, and bearing is bound round in two dead rings; During braking, driver train starts, impeller and assembly thereof put down and contact and jam-packed with the circular cone friction face of reel by manipulation claw beam in skirtboard, because frictional transmission makes impeller High Rotation Speed do work to air, produce wind-force forward, simultaneously with the air sharp impacts headed on, by the kinetic energy dissipation of train in air, thus reach braking object; After end of braking, friction wheel departs from from reel, and impeller and assembly thereof are promoted in skirtboard by claw beam.This air brake equipment can be contained on motor-car and also can be contained on trailer, and same axletree can install the reel of one or more band friction face, corresponding, installs impeller and the assembly thereof of one or more sets couplings.
Described reel is circular disk, and the outer rim of disk is conical friction surfaces, and reel is contained on axletree with interference fit.
Described friction wheel is conical friction wheel, is made up of wear-resisting metal or alloy material, also can carry out surface treatment or overlay film to increase resistance to abrasion; Friction wheel and rotating shaft are contained in rotating shaft tail end with interference fit.
Described rotating shaft is made up of high strength alloy steel, and friction wheel and impeller are contained in the two ends of rotating shaft respectively; Described impeller is made up of axle sleeve and blade, makes by high strength alloy steel; Described axle sleeve is cylindrical structure; Described blade to be welded on axle sleeve or inblock cast together with axle sleeve; Blade is axial entry blade, and the wind direction produced during rotation is train working direction; Axle sleeve interference fit is contained in rotating shaft.
Described bearing is antifriction-bearing box, is made up of high-strength wear-resistant alloy steel, and its inner ring and rotating shaft interference fit fit together.
Described dead ring is made up of corrosion-resistant steel or other metal material, and fastening hoop is in the outer ring of antifriction-bearing box; Dead ring is provided with the link be connected with claw beam.
Described impeller and assembly thereof are placed on train skirtboard at ordinary times, and during braking, driver train is handled claw beam and put down impeller and make friction wheel and reel wipe contact, and drives impeller High Rotation Speed does work to air and produces braking force with the air sharp impacts that heads on; After end of braking, driver train handles friction wheel and reel departs from, and claw beam rises and impeller and assembly thereof are risen on skirtboard.
Described driver train employing is pneumatic to combine with hydraulic-driven.
beneficial effect of the present invention is:(1) structure is simple, and braking force is large, significantly shortens the time needed for braking, obviously reduces the probability that train meets accident; (2) mechanical wear is few, and maintenance is convenient, and the life-span is long; (3) control easily, to change very little to the body construction of existing train.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is aerodynamic brake schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is reel schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is friction wheel schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
Implementation process of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing
As shown in Fig. 1 ~ 3, apparatus of the present invention comprise reel 1, friction wheel 2, rotating shaft 3, bearing 4, impeller 5, dead ring 6, claw beam 7 and driver train 8;
1) the outer rim cutting of reel 1 is become circular cone friction face;
2) reel 1 interference fit is contained on axletree;
3) by the middle section position of the inner ring interference fit of two antifriction-bearing boxs 4 in rotating shaft 3;
4) impeller 5 interference fit is contained in one end of rotating shaft 3;
5) friction wheel 2 interference fit is contained in the other end of rotating shaft 3;
6) dead ring 6 is bound round on the outer ring of bearing 4;
7) dead ring 6 is connected with claw beam 7;
8) claw beam 7 is connected with driver train 8.
By above method, every root axle of trailer is equipped with the such brake equipment of two covers, and corresponding to two sleeve impellers 5 of front axle towards train working direction, corresponding to two sleeve impellers 5 of rear axle against train working direction, but the wind-force that impeller 5 produces is all towards the working direction of train.
When train normally travels, impeller 5 and assembly thereof are on train skirtboard; When train sends braking instruction, driver train 8 starts, handle claw beam 7 to decline, make the height of height close to axletree of friction wheel 2, then friction wheel 2 contacts with the friction face of reel 1 and jam-packed, produces braking force by frictional transmission drives impeller 5 High Rotation Speed to air acting with head-on air sharp impacts; After end of braking, driver train 8 is handled friction wheel 2 and is departed from reel 1, and claw beam 7 rises and makes impeller 5 and assembly thereof rise on skirtboard; Described driver train 8 adopts and pneumaticly to combine with hydraulic-driven.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it is noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise; can make some improvement or adjustment, these improve or Adjusted Option ought to drop in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. an aerodynamic brake for high speed train, is characterized in that, comprising: reel, friction wheel, rotating shaft, bearing, impeller, dead ring, claw beam and driver train; Described reel outer rim is conical friction surfaces, is contained on axletree; Impeller is contained in rotating shaft, and the tail end of rotating shaft connects with a friction wheel, and bearing hoop is in two dead rings; During braking, driver train starts, handle claw beam impeller and assembly thereof are put down in skirtboard, contact with the circular cone friction face of reel and jam-packed, because frictional transmission makes impeller High Rotation Speed do work to air, produce wind-force forward, simultaneously with the air sharp impacts headed on, by the kinetic energy dissipation of train in air, thus reach braking object; After end of braking, friction wheel departs from from reel, and claw beam rises and makes impeller and assembly thereof be promoted in skirtboard; This air brake equipment can be contained on motor-car and also can be contained on trailer, and same axletree can install the reel of one or more band friction face, installs the impeller mated with reel and assembly thereof simultaneously.
2. the aerodynamic brake of a kind of high speed train according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described reel is circular disk, and the outer rim of disk is conical friction surfaces, reel with interference fit on axletree.
3. the aerodynamic brake of a kind of high speed train according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described friction wheel is conical friction wheel, is made up of wear-resisting metal or alloy material, also can carry out surface treatment or overlay film to increase resistance to abrasion; The circular conical surface of friction wheel and the friction face of reel match; Friction wheel and rotating shaft are assembled in rotating shaft tail end with interference fit.
4. the aerodynamic brake of a kind of high speed train according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described rotating shaft is made up of high strength alloy steel, one or several impeller are installed in one end, and friction wheel is installed in one end.
5. the aerodynamic brake of a kind of high speed train according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described impeller is made up of axle sleeve and blade, makes by high strength alloy steel.
6. the aerodynamic brake of a kind of high speed train according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described axle sleeve is metallic cylinder; Described blade to be welded on axle sleeve or inblock cast together with axle sleeve; Blade is axial entry blade, and the wind direction produced during rotation is train working direction; Axle sleeve interference fit is contained in rotating shaft.
7. the aerodynamic brake of a kind of high speed train according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described bearing is antifriction-bearing box, is made up of high-strength wear-resistant alloy steel, and its inner ring and rotating shaft interference fit fit together, and are contained in rotating shaft stage casing.
8. the aerodynamic brake of a kind of high speed train according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described dead ring is made up of corrosion-resistant steel or other metal material, and fastening hoop is in the outer ring of antifriction-bearing box; Dead ring is provided with the link be connected with claw beam.
9. the aerodynamic brake of a kind of high speed train according to claim 1-8, it is characterized in that: described impeller and assembly thereof are placed on train skirtboard at ordinary times, during braking, driver train manipulation claw beam puts down impeller to be made rotating shaft close to axletree height and makes friction wheel and reel wipe contact, and drives impeller High Rotation Speed does work to air and produces braking force with the air sharp impacts that heads on; After end of braking, driver train handles friction wheel and reel departs from, and claw beam rises and impeller and assembly thereof are risen on skirtboard.
10. the aerodynamic brake of a kind of high speed train according to claim 9, is characterized in that: described driver train employing is pneumatic to combine with hydraulic-driven.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510841171.1A CN105253163B (en) | 2015-11-28 | 2015-11-28 | A kind of aerodynamic brake of bullet train |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510841171.1A CN105253163B (en) | 2015-11-28 | 2015-11-28 | A kind of aerodynamic brake of bullet train |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105253163A true CN105253163A (en) | 2016-01-20 |
| CN105253163B CN105253163B (en) | 2017-10-03 |
Family
ID=55093204
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510841171.1A Active CN105253163B (en) | 2015-11-28 | 2015-11-28 | A kind of aerodynamic brake of bullet train |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105253163B (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107600051A (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2018-01-19 | 浙江零跑科技有限公司 | New kind of brake gears used for electric vehicle and its method |
| CN108501976A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-09-07 | 西安科技大学 | A kind of autonomous gradual braking system and method for monorail mobile robot |
| CN108556870A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-09-21 | 方特欢乐世界（芜湖）经营管理有限公司 | A kind of railcar of dual auxiliary braking |
| CN110316219A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-10-11 | 台州路桥南瑞智能装备科技有限公司 | A kind of obstruction conveying vehicle device on drive rail |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH09193799A (en) * | 1996-01-17 | 1997-07-29 | Central Japan Railway Co | Air brake for vehicle emergency |
| JP2000062583A (en) * | 1998-08-25 | 2000-02-29 | Tsuneji Watanabe | Vehicle braking auxiliary device using air resistance |
| CN201012678Y (en) * | 2007-02-16 | 2008-01-30 | 阎长春 | Locomotive auxiliary braking arrangement |
| CN201246428Y (en) * | 2008-05-29 | 2009-05-27 | 曹科定 | Brake device |
| CN203681575U (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-07-02 | 湘潭华南电机车有限公司 | Disk brake type electric locomotive |
-
2015
- 2015-11-28 CN CN201510841171.1A patent/CN105253163B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH09193799A (en) * | 1996-01-17 | 1997-07-29 | Central Japan Railway Co | Air brake for vehicle emergency |
| JP2000062583A (en) * | 1998-08-25 | 2000-02-29 | Tsuneji Watanabe | Vehicle braking auxiliary device using air resistance |
| CN201012678Y (en) * | 2007-02-16 | 2008-01-30 | 阎长春 | Locomotive auxiliary braking arrangement |
| CN201246428Y (en) * | 2008-05-29 | 2009-05-27 | 曹科定 | Brake device |
| CN203681575U (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-07-02 | 湘潭华南电机车有限公司 | Disk brake type electric locomotive |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107600051A (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2018-01-19 | 浙江零跑科技有限公司 | New kind of brake gears used for electric vehicle and its method |
| CN107600051B (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2020-03-03 | 浙江零跑科技有限公司 | Novel brake device for electric automobile and method thereof |
| CN108556870A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-09-21 | 方特欢乐世界（芜湖）经营管理有限公司 | A kind of railcar of dual auxiliary braking |
| CN108556870B (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2024-02-20 | 华强方特(芜湖)文化产业有限公司 | Dual auxiliary braking's railcar |
| CN108501976A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-09-07 | 西安科技大学 | A kind of autonomous gradual braking system and method for monorail mobile robot |
| CN110316219A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-10-11 | 台州路桥南瑞智能装备科技有限公司 | A kind of obstruction conveying vehicle device on drive rail |
| CN110316219B (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2020-04-07 | 温州谷枫电子科技有限公司 | A block delivery wagon equipment for on ore deposit road rail |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105253163B (en) | 2017-10-03 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN105253163A (en) | Aerodynamic brake of high-speed train | |
| CN105443628B (en) | A kind of brake apparatus of bullet train | |
| CN105292170A (en) | Brake devices of high-speed train | |
| CN201944155U (en) | Split type wheel mounted brake plate for rail vehicle | |
| CN105480253B (en) | A kind of brake apparatus of vacuum pipe wheel-rail train | |
| CN206264726U (en) | Multipurpose train wheel | |
| CN204727458U (en) | A kind of European hoisting crane crane carriage | |
| CN102009665A (en) | Bogie shaft-mounted disc type braking device | |
| CN202163325U (en) | Electric eddy current retarder of a vehicle for mine | |
| CN105485225A (en) | Braking device for high-speed train | |
| CN203922577U (en) | A kind of elevator traction sheave brake equipment | |
| CN201205873Y (en) | Electric vortex reluctance brake device for high-speed train | |
| CN207261527U (en) | A kind of disk brake actuator cooling device | |
| CN206456350U (en) | A kind of braking automobile failure emergency braking apparatus | |
| CN105620507A (en) | Brake device for vacuum pipeline wheel rail train | |
| CN105329254B (en) | A kind of axletree impeller brake apparatus of bullet train | |
| CN202594633U (en) | Running wheel set for arc rail | |
| CN101544238B (en) | Current vortex magnetic resistance braking device for high speed train | |
| CN206187038U (en) | Tunnel rail line traction with retarder | |
| CN219789793U (en) | Hub bearing unit with braking structure | |
| CN204110061U (en) | A kind of motor-hollow axle formula independent brake shaft device | |
| CN208203863U (en) | A kind of locomotive wheel is brake disk mounted | |
| CN217835601U (en) | Electric braking system of railway vehicle | |
| CN214328325U (en) | Automatic repairing vehicle for steel rail polishing | |
| CN211117261U (en) | Rotor structure for hydraulic retarder |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |