CN105241572A - Monometallic fiber grating temperature sensor with double-sensitivity effect and wide range and packaging method thereof - Google Patents
Monometallic fiber grating temperature sensor with double-sensitivity effect and wide range and packaging method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105241572A CN105241572A CN201510670945.9A CN201510670945A CN105241572A CN 105241572 A CN105241572 A CN 105241572A CN 201510670945 A CN201510670945 A CN 201510670945A CN 105241572 A CN105241572 A CN 105241572A
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Abstract
The invention provides a monometallic fiber grating temperature sensor with a double-sensitivity effect and a wide range and a packaging method thereof. A through hole (a) is machined in the axial center of a packaging cover, one transverse plane of the packaging cover is provided with a substrate, and the substrate and the packaging cover are connected to form a whole body. The distance between the top surface of the substrate and the center of the through hole (a) is smaller than or equal to the radius of the through hole (a). The top surface of the substrate is equipped with a groove (b) and a groove (c), and the center distance between the groove (b) and the groove (c) is 20mm-30mm. A tail fiber on one end of a fiber grating penetrates the through hole (a) of the packaging cover and extends outwardly a certain distance. A grating portion of the fiber grating is fixed between the groove (b) and the groove (c) in the substrate by means of high temperature resistance cure adhesives. The substrate is disposed inside a protective sleeve, and the packaging cover is fixed to the protective sleeve. The monometallic fiber grating temperature sensor has the advantages of simple structure, high sensitivity and wide application temperature range.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fiber optic sensor technology field, be specifically related to a kind of device based on monometallic dual sensitivity wide region fiber-optical grating temperature sensor or equipment.
Background technology
Fiber-optic grating sensor attracts tremendous attention at sensory field of optic fibre due to the advantage of its uniqueness and application widely, in recent years, optical fiber grating sensing theory and technology is increasingly mature, fiber-optic grating sensor under common application environment moves towards practical from laboratory study, in civil engineering work, the application in the fields such as public transport has many reports.In earlier stage, owing to being subject to the restriction of long-term resistant to elevated temperatures Fabrication Methods of Fiber Gratings, the relation technological researching of the fiber-optic grating sensor under hot environment relatively lags behind.In recent years, on the Fabrication Methods of Fiber Gratings of resistance to long term high temperature, carried out extensive work both at home and abroad, and had made great progress.The breakthrough of high-temperature resistant optical fiber grating technology is that the application of fiber-optic grating sensor under high temperature particular surroundings provides the basic element of character.
Although the high-temperature resistant optical fiber grating made through special process can carry out sensing measurement at up to the temperature of 1000 DEG C, but bare optical fibers and bare optical gratings is very low to the response sensitivity of temperature, be that the temperature control of the bare optical fibers and bare optical gratings of 1550nm is about 0.0116nm/ DEG C for centre wavelength.If detect with the high precision optical fiber grating sensing demodulator that precision is 1pm, temperature resolution is about 0.1 DEG C.In addition bare optical fibers and bare optical gratings itself is very very thin; intensity is low; functional encapsulation process must be carried out to bare optical fibers and bare optical gratings, to realize the protection to fiber grating and the response enhanced sensitivity to temperature, thus meet the site operation of heavy construction structure and the requirement of transducer sensitivity.
Single substrate enhanced sensitivity and many substrates enhanced sensitivity are two kinds of common optical fiber grating temperature photosensitivity-enhancing methods.Wherein single substrate photosensitivity-enhancing method is bonded in securely by FBG or is embedded in the base material of a large thermal expansivity, when the temperature is changed, the deformation that this base material thermal expansion produces is worked to FBG by stress, cause the change in fiber grating cycle, thus the temperature control of FBG can be improved.The sensor construction of this photosensitivity-enhancing method encapsulation is simple, easy to make, but its temperature control is determined by base material thermal expansivity, and sensitivity is fixed, and can not adjust, and effect of enhanced sensitivity is limited.Many substrates photosensitivity-enhancing method is by multiple base material mechanical combination of different heat expansion coefficient, fiber grating is pasted onto on mechanical combination, when the temperature is changed, utilize the length dimension of different base material and the difference of thermal expansivity, by the thermal expansion of many base materials produce different deformation by effect of stress on fiber grating, cause the change in fiber grating cycle, thus the temperature control of FBG can be improved.The sensor of this photosensitivity-enhancing method encapsulation not only can adjust the sensitivity of sensor flexibly, can also increase substantially the sensitivity of fiber-optical grating temperature sensor.But the maximum strain amount that can bear due to fiber grating is about 5000ustrain, wavelength maximum drift amount is about 6nm, and under optic fiber grating wavelength changes limited condition, the sensitivity of fiber-optic grating sensor and measurement range are restrictions mutually, sensitivity is larger, then measure range less.
The thermal expansivity of base material is not constant in wide temperature range in addition, and usually can become large along with temperature raises thermal expansivity, if tin bronze is at 20 ~ 200 DEG C, 20 ~ 300 DEG C, in 20 ~ 400 DEG C of three temperature ranges, thermal expansivity is respectively 17.6 × 10
-6/ DEG C, 17.9 × 10
-6/ DEG C, 18.2 × 10
-6/ DEG C.So the temperature control that the fiber-optical grating temperature sensor of the substrate of same structure list or many substrates sensitized reaction is demarcated in different temperatures interval has certain difference.Even if the difference that sensitivity is small, when wide temperature range detects, also can produce larger temperature detection error.Therefore, above-mentioned two kinds of optical fiber grating temperature photosensitivity-enhancing methods are realizing there is certain technical matters in the linearity test of wide temperature range.
Summary of the invention
A technical matters to be solved by this invention is the shortcoming overcoming existing fiber grating temperature sensor, provides the monometallic dual sensitivity wide region fiber-optical grating temperature sensor that a kind of temperature range reasonable in design, highly sensitive, that be suitable for detecting is wide.
Solving the problems of the technologies described above adopted technical scheme is: be processed with through hole a in the axial centre of cap, one end face is provided with substrate, substrate and cap are connected as a single entity, distance between the upper surface of substrate and the through hole a center of circle is less than or equal to the radius of through hole a, groove b is processed with at upper surface of substrate, groove c, the centre distance of groove b and groove c is 20 ~ 30mm, one end tail optical fiber of fiber grating a) to stretch out a segment distance through the through hole of cap, the grating part of fiber grating is fixed between substrate upper groove b and groove c with high temperature resistant solidification glue, length l between fiber grating two adhesive spots
1for:
l
1＝l
3-l
2-Δl+l
0
In formula, l
3for the centre distance at high temperature resistant solidification adhesive curing temperature low groove a and groove b, l
2for the length on fiber grating at high temperature resistant solidification adhesive curing temperature between two affixed points, Δ l is the prestretching elongation that fiber grating applies, l
0for the distance between fiber grating under room temperature two affixed points; Substrate extend in protection sleeve, cap is fixed on protection sleeve.
Cap of the present invention is: the frustum of a cone is processed in cap one end, the other end is processed into round platform, and axial centre position is processed with through hole a, and frustum cone side is processed with screw thread.
The grating grid region length of fiber grating of the present invention is 10 ~ 15mm, and the wavelength of fiber grating is 1520 ~ 1580nm.
Protection sleeve of the present invention is that one end is closed, other end opening and inwall processes threaded metal sleeve.
The geometric configuration of substrate of the present invention is rectangle sheet.
The present invention also provides a kind of method for packing of monometallic dual sensitivity wide region fiber-optical grating temperature sensor, comprises the following steps:
(1) according to senor operating temperature scope and applied environment, temperature-curable value T is chosen
ghigh temperature resistant solidification glue, determine transducer sensitivity inversion temperature value T
zwith the material of substrate;
(2) calculate between two affixed points containing the prestretching elongation Δ l that the optical fiber of fiber grating applies;
Δl＝l
0[α
s(T
g-T
0)-α'
s(T
z-T
0)-α(T
g-T
z)]
In formula, l
0for the distance on fiber grating under room temperature between two affixed points, T
gfor high temperature resistant solidification glue hot setting temperature value, T
0for room temperature, T
zfor transducer sensitivity inversion temperature point value, α
sfor substrate is at T
0~ T
gthe thermal expansivity of temperature range, α '
sfor substrate is at T
0~ T
zthe thermal expansivity of temperature range, α is the thermal expansivity of fiber grating;
(3) under room temperature, substrate is placed in high temperature box furnace, fiber grating is placed in substrate, the grating part of fiber grating is between groove b and groove c, and grid region length is less than the distance between groove b and groove c two groove, on the groove b that high temperature resistant solidification glue is coated in substrate and groove c;
(4) fiber grating two ends tail optical fiber is passed high temperature box furnace respectively and access spectrometer by wire jumper, spectrometer display fiber grating waveform and centre wavelength numerical value, the clip clamping of tail optical fiber end, fiber grating two ends on prestress workbench, to fiber grating Shi Hanzhang, fiber bragg grating center wavelength drifts about, and spectrometer demonstrates wavelength variation values Δ λ
b,
Time, stop applying stress, P in formula
efor the valid elastic-optic constants of optical fiber, λ
bfor fiber grating initial center wavelength, Δ l is the prestretching elongation that optical fiber applies, l
0for the distance under room temperature between two affixed points;
(5) connect high temperature box furnace power supply, according to operation instructions setting heating-up temperature and the heat time of high temperature resistant solidification glue, high temperature resistant solidification glue be heating and curing, fiber grating and substrate hot setting bonding after, stop heating and cool to room temperature;
(6) from heating arrangement, take out the substrate being solidified with fiber grating, substrate stretched in protection sleeve, cap and protection sleeve are fastenedly connected, and complete encapsulation.
High temperature resistant solidification glue temperature-curable value T in the method for packing step (1) of monometallic dual sensitivity wide region fiber-optical grating temperature sensor of the present invention
gbe 150 ~ 800 DEG C, transducer sensitivity inversion temperature point value T
zit is 100 ~ 700 DEG C; Described substrate is metallic substrates, the expansion coefficient of the expansion coefficient > fiber grating of substrate.
Compared to prior art, the fiber-optical grating temperature sensor that the present invention adopts single base material to encapsulate respectively with different sensitivity work in high/low temperature region, thus effectively solves temperature sensor sensitivity and measures range and mutually to restrict and the thermal expansivity that reduces base material is not the cumulative errors problem that constant causes in wide temperature range.The present invention has simple, reasonable in design, the highly sensitive advantage of structure.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 structural representation that is the embodiment of the present invention 1 when temperature is less than 200 DEG C.
Fig. 2 structural representation that is the embodiment of the present invention 1 when temperature is greater than 200 DEG C.
Fig. 3 is the temperature response curve figure of test 1.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in more detail, but the invention is not restricted to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1
In Fig. 1,2, the monometallic dual sensitivity wide region fiber-optical grating temperature sensor of the present embodiment is connected and composed by cap 1, substrate 2, fiber grating 3, high temperature resistant solidification glue 4, protection sleeve 5.The frustum of a cone is processed in cap 1 one end, the other end is processed into round platform, frustum cone side is processed with screw thread, through hole a is processed with in cap 1 axial centre position, one end face of cap 1 is provided with substrate 2, substrate 2 and cap 1 are connected as a single entity, cap 1 is niobium-base alloy with the material of substrate 2, the geometric configuration of substrate 2 is rectangle sheet, distance between the upper surface of substrate 2 and the through hole a center of circle is less than the radius of through hole a, groove b is processed with at substrate 2 upper surface, groove c, groove b and groove c is used for bonding fiber grating 3, the centre distance of groove b and groove c is 24.000mm, the through hole a that one end tail optical fiber of fiber grating 3 partially passes through cap 1 stretches out a segment distance, the grating part of fiber grating 3 is fixed between substrate 2 upper groove b and groove c with high temperature resistant solidification glue 4, and grid region length is less than the distance between groove b and groove c two groove, after encapsulation during room temperature 20 DEG C, between fiber grating 3 liang of affixed points, fiber lengths is 24.036mm, the grid region length of fiber grating 3 is 15.000mm, the centre wavelength of fiber grating 3 is 1543.7880nm, substrate 2 is extend in protection sleeve 5, protection sleeve 5 is for closing one end, other end opening and inwall processes threaded metal cylinder, cap 1 screw threads for fastening is connected on protection sleeve 5.
The method for packing of above-mentioned monometallic dual sensitivity wide region fiber-optical grating temperature sensor is as follows:
(1) according to senor operating temperature scope and applied environment, temperature-curable point T is chosen
gbe the high temperature resistant solidification glue 4 of 300 DEG C, niobium-base alloy as base material, determine transducer sensitivity inversion temperature T
zit is 200 DEG C;
(2) the prestretching elongation Δ l applied to fiber grating 3 is calculated;
Δl＝l
0[α
s(T
g-T
0)-α'
s(T
z-T
0)-α(T
g-T
z)
]
In formula: the distance l under room temperature between fiber grating two affixed points
0=24mm, high-temperature plastic hot setting temperature spot T
g=300 DEG C, room temperature T
0=20 DEG C, transducer sensitivity inversion temperature point T
z=200 DEG C, niobium-base alloy is at the thermalexpansioncoefficientα of 20 ~ 300 DEG C
s=9.52 × 10
-6/ DEG C, niobium-base alloy 20 ~ 200 DEG C thermalexpansioncoefficientα '
s=8.80 × 10
-6/ DEG C, the thermal expansivity of niobium-base alloy is provided by niobium-base alloy material producer, thermalexpansioncoefficientα=0.5 × 10 of fiber grating material
-6/ DEG C, thermal expansivity derives from " fiber optics ", calculates Δ l=0.025mm;
(3) at room temperature 20 DEG C, substrate 2 is placed in high temperature box furnace, fiber grating 3 is placed in substrate 2, the grating department of fiber grating 3 divides and is between groove b and groove c, grid region length is less than the distance between groove b and groove c two groove, on the groove b that high temperature resistant solidification glue 4 is coated in substrate 2 and groove c, the distance now on fiber grating 3 between two affixed points is equal with the centre distance of groove b and groove c;
(4) fiber grating 3 two ends tail optical fiber is passed high temperature box furnace respectively and access spectrometer by wire jumper, spectrometer display fiber grating waveform and centre wavelength numerical value, the clip clamping of tail optical fiber end, fiber grating two ends on prestress workbench, to fiber grating 3 Shi Hanzhang, fiber bragg grating center wavelength drifts about, and spectrometer demonstrates wavelength variation values Δ λ
b,
Time, stop Shi Hanzhang, the valid elastic-optic constants P of fiber grating 3 in formula
ebe 0.22, fiber grating 3 initial center wavelength X
bfor 1543.7880nm, the prestretching elongation Δ l that fiber grating 3 applies is 0.025mm, the distance l under room temperature on fiber grating 3 between two affixed points
0for 24.000mm, draw Δ λ
bfor 1.2543nm;
(5) high temperature box furnace power supply is connected, operation instructions setting heating-up temperature according to high temperature resistant solidification glue is 300 DEG C and 30 minutes heat times, high temperature resistant solidification glue 4 is heating and curing, fiber grating 3 and substrate 2 hot setting bonding after, stop heating and cool to room temperature, the length l now between fiber grating 3 liang of adhesive spots
1for
l
1＝l
3-l
2-Δl+l
0
In formula, the centre distance l of 300 DEG C of low groove a and groove b
3for 24.064mm, the length l at 300 DEG C between fiber grating 3 liang of affixed points
2for 24.003mm, the prestretching elongation Δ l that fiber grating 3 applies is 0.025mm, the distance l at 20 DEG C between fiber grating two affixed points
0for 24.000mm; Calculate l
1=24.036mm.
(6) from high temperature box furnace, take out the substrate 2 being solidified with fiber grating 3 and stretch in protection sleeve 5 by substrate 2, cap 1 and protection sleeve 5 are fastenedly connected, and complete encapsulation.
The monometallic dual sensitivity wide region fiber-optical grating temperature sensor of the present embodiment is when temperature is lower than 200 DEG C, and fiber grating 3 is in case of bending; During higher than 200 DEG C, fiber grating 3 is tauted stretching in substrate 2.In testing process, the monometallic dual sensitivity wide region fiber-optical grating temperature sensor of the present embodiment is when temperature is lower than 200 DEG C, along with the rising of temperature, there is its length elongation of heat expansion effect in substrate 2, fiber grating 3 degree of crook diminishes gradually, but because fiber grating 3 is in relaxed state, its grating part is not driven by substrate 2, thus temperature sensor is not worked by the muting sensitivity of enhanced sensitivity with fiber grating 3; When detected temperatures reaches 200 DEG C, fiber grating 3 is tightened up exceptionally straight, along with the further rising of temperature, the flexible overstress of Thermal expansion of substrate 2 is applied on fiber grating 3, cause the change in fiber grating 3 cycle, realize fiber grating 3 by enhanced sensitivity, make temperature sensor with high sensitivity work.
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, the grating grid region length of fiber grating 3 is 10mm, and the centre wavelength of fiber grating 3 is 1520.0000nm, and the annexation of other parts and parts is identical with embodiment 1.
Δ λ in the step (4) of the method for packing of above-mentioned monometallic dual sensitivity wide region fiber-optical grating temperature sensor
bfor 1.2350nm, other operation stepss are identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
In the present embodiment, the grating grid region length of fiber grating 3 is 12mm, and the wavelength of fiber grating is 1580.0000nm, and the annexation of other parts and parts is identical with embodiment 1.
Δ λ in the step (4) of the method for packing of above-mentioned monometallic dual sensitivity wide region fiber-optical grating temperature sensor
bfor 1.2838nm, other operation stepss are identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
In the present embodiment, the centre distance of substrate 2 upper groove b and groove c is 30.000mm, after encapsulation, under room temperature, between fiber grating 3 liang of affixed points, fiber lengths is 30.045mm, the grid region length of fiber grating 3 is 15.000mm, centre wavelength is 1550.0000nm, and the annexation of other parts and parts is identical with embodiment 1.
The prestretching elongation Δ l that in the step (2) of the method for packing of above-mentioned monometallic dual sensitivity wide region fiber-optical grating temperature sensor, fiber grating 3 applies is 0.031mm, and in step (4), spectrometer demonstrates wavelength variation values Δ λ
bfor 1.2493nm, other operation stepss are identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 5
In the present embodiment, the centre distance of substrate 2 upper groove b and groove c is 30.000mm, after encapsulation, under room temperature, between fiber grating 3 liang of affixed points, fiber lengths is 30.045mm, the grid region length of fiber grating 3 is 10.000mm, centre wavelength is 1520.000nm, and the annexation of other parts and parts is identical with embodiment 1.
The prestretching elongation Δ l that in the step (2) of the method for packing of above-mentioned monometallic dual sensitivity wide region fiber-optical grating temperature sensor, fiber grating 3 applies is 0.031mm, and in step (4), spectrometer demonstrates wavelength variation values Δ λ
bfor 1.2251nm, other operation stepss are identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 6
In the present embodiment, the centre distance of substrate 2 upper groove b and groove c is 30.000mm, after encapsulation, under room temperature, between fiber grating 3 liang of affixed points, fiber lengths is 30.045mm, the grid region length of fiber grating 3 is 12.000mm, centre wavelength is 1580.000nm, and the annexation of other parts and parts is identical with embodiment 1.
The prestretching elongation Δ l that in the step (2) of the method for packing of above-mentioned monometallic dual sensitivity wide region fiber-optical grating temperature sensor, fiber grating 3 applies is 0.031mm, and in step (4), spectrometer demonstrates wavelength variation values Δ λ
bfor 1.2735nm, other operation stepss are identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 7
In the present embodiment, the centre distance of substrate 2 upper groove b and groove c is 20.000mm, after encapsulation, under room temperature, between fiber grating 3 liang of affixed points, fiber lengths is 20.030mm, the grid region length of fiber grating 3 is 15.000mm, centre wavelength is 1550.0000nm, and the annexation of other parts and parts is identical with embodiment 1.
The prestretching elongation Δ l that in the step (2) of the method for packing of above-mentioned monometallic dual sensitivity wide region fiber-optical grating temperature sensor, fiber grating 3 applies is 0.021mm, and in step (4), spectrometer demonstrates wavelength variation values Δ λ
bfor 1.2695nm, other operation stepss are identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 8
In the present embodiment, the centre distance of substrate 2 upper groove b and groove c is 20.000mm, after encapsulation, under room temperature, between fiber grating 3 liang of affixed points, fiber lengths is 20.030mm, the grid region length of fiber grating 3 is 10.000mm, centre wavelength is 1520.0000nm, and the annexation of other parts and parts is identical with embodiment 1.
The prestretching elongation Δ l that in the step (2) of the method for packing of above-mentioned monometallic dual sensitivity wide region fiber-optical grating temperature sensor, fiber grating 3 applies is 0.021mm, and in step (4), spectrometer demonstrates wavelength variation values Δ λ
bfor 1.2449nm, other operation stepss are identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 9
In the present embodiment, the centre distance of substrate 2 upper groove b and groove c is 20.000mm, after encapsulation, under room temperature, between fiber grating 3 liang of affixed points, fiber lengths is 20.030mm, the grid region length of fiber grating 3 is 12.000mm, centre wavelength is 1580.0000nm, and the annexation of other parts and parts is identical with embodiment 1.
The prestretching elongation Δ l that in the step (2) of the method for packing of above-mentioned monometallic dual sensitivity wide region fiber-optical grating temperature sensor, fiber grating 3 applies is 0.021mm, and in step (4), spectrometer demonstrates wavelength variation values Δ λ
bfor 1.2940nm, other operation stepss are identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 10
In the present embodiment, the centre distance of substrate 2 upper groove b and groove c is 24.000mm, after encapsulation, under room temperature, between fiber grating 3 liang of affixed points, fiber lengths is 24.013mm, the grid region length of fiber grating 3 is 15.000mm, centre wavelength is 1550.0000nm, and the annexation of other parts and parts is identical with embodiment 1.
The method for packing of above-mentioned monometallic dual sensitivity wide region fiber-optical grating temperature sensor is as follows:
(1) according to senor operating temperature scope and applied environment, temperature-curable point value T is chosen
gbe the high temperature resistant solidification glue 4 of 150 DEG C, niobium-base alloy as base material, determine transducer sensitivity inversion temperature value T
zit is 100 DEG C;
(2) the prestretching elongation Δ l applied to fiber grating is calculated;
Δl＝l
0[α
s(T
g-T
0)-α'
s(T
z-T
0)-α(T
g-T
z)]
In formula, the distance l under room temperature between fiber grating two affixed points
0for 24mm, high-temperature plastic hot setting temperature spot T
gbe 150 DEG C, room temperature T
0be 20 DEG C, transducer sensitivity inversion temperature point T
zbe 100 DEG C, niobium-base alloy is at the thermalexpansioncoefficientα of 20 ~ 200 DEG C
sbe 8.80 × 10
-6/ DEG C, niobium-base alloy 20 ~ 100 DEG C thermalexpansioncoefficientα '
sbe 7.97 × 10
-6/ DEG C, the thermal expansivity of niobium-base alloy is provided by niobium-base alloy material producer, and the thermalexpansioncoefficientα of fiber grating material is 0.5 × 10
-6/ DEG C, thermal expansivity derives from " fiber optics ", calculates Δ l=0.012mm;
(3) at room temperature 20 DEG C, substrate 2 is placed in high temperature box furnace, fiber grating 3 is placed in substrate 2, the grating department of fiber grating 3 divides and is between groove b and groove c, grid region length is less than the distance between groove b and groove c two groove, on the groove b that high temperature resistant solidification glue 4 is coated in substrate 2 and groove c, the distance now on fiber grating 3 between two affixed points is equal with the centre distance of groove b and groove c;
(4) fiber grating 3 two ends tail optical fiber is passed high temperature box furnace respectively and access spectrometer by wire jumper, spectrometer display fiber grating waveform and centre wavelength numerical value, the clip clamping of tail optical fiber end, fiber grating two ends on prestress workbench, to fiber grating 2 Shi Hanzhang, fiber bragg grating center wavelength drifts about, and spectrometer demonstrates wavelength variation values Δ λ
b,
Time, stop Shi Hanzhang, the valid elastic-optic constants P of fiber grating 3 in formula
ebe 0.22, fiber grating 3 initial center wavelength X
bfor 1550.0000nm, the prestretching elongation Δ l that fiber grating 3 applies is 0.012mm, the distance l under room temperature on fiber grating 3 between two affixed points
0for 24.000mm, draw Δ λ
bfor 0.6045nm;
(5) high temperature box furnace power supply is connected, operation instructions setting heating-up temperature according to high temperature resistant solidification glue 4 is 150 DEG C and 20 minutes heat times, high temperature resistant solidification glue 4 is heated, fiber grating 3 and substrate 2 hot setting bonding after, stop heating and cool to room temperature, the length l now between fiber grating 3 liang of adhesive spots
1for
l
1＝l
3-l
2-Δl+l
0
In formula: the centre distance l of 150 DEG C of low groove a and groove b
3for 24.027mm, the length l at 150 DEG C between fiber grating 3 liang of adhesive spots
2for 24.002mm, the prestretching elongation Δ l that fiber grating 3 applies is 0.012mm, the distance l at 20 DEG C between fiber grating two affixed points
0for 24.000mm; Calculate l
1=24.013mm.
(6) from high temperature box furnace, take out the substrate 2 being solidified with fiber grating 3 and stretch in protection sleeve 5 by substrate 2, cap 1 and protection sleeve 5 are fastenedly connected, and complete encapsulation.
Embodiment 11
In the present embodiment, the grating grid region length of fiber grating 3 is 10mm, and the centre wavelength of fiber grating 3 is 1520.0000nm, and the annexation of other parts and parts is identical with embodiment 10.
Fiber grating 3 initial center wavelength X in the step (4) of the method for packing of above-mentioned monometallic dual sensitivity wide region fiber-optical grating temperature sensor
bfor 1520.0000nm, spectrometer demonstrates wavelength variation values Δ λ
bfor 0.5928nm, other operation stepss are identical with embodiment 10.
Embodiment 12
In the present embodiment, the grating grid region length of fiber grating 3 is 12mm, and the centre wavelength of fiber grating 3 is 1580.0000nm, and the annexation of other parts and parts is identical with embodiment 10.
Fiber grating 3 initial center wavelength X in the step (4) of the method for packing of above-mentioned monometallic dual sensitivity wide region fiber-optical grating temperature sensor
bfor 1580nm, spectrometer demonstrates wavelength variation values Δ λ
bfor 0.6162nm, other operation stepss are identical with embodiment 10.
Embodiment 13
In the present embodiment, the centre distance of substrate 2 upper groove b and groove c is 30.000mm, after encapsulation, under room temperature, between fiber grating 3 liang of affixed points, fiber lengths is 30.018mm, the grid region length of fiber grating 3 is 15.000mm, centre wavelength is 1550.0000nm, and the annexation of other parts and parts is identical with embodiment 1.
The prestretching elongation Δ l that in the step (2) of the method for packing of above-mentioned monometallic dual sensitivity wide region fiber-optical grating temperature sensor, fiber grating 3 applies is 0.014mm, and in step (4), spectrometer demonstrates wavelength variation values Δ λ
bfor 0.5642nm, other operation stepss are identical with embodiment 10.
Embodiment 14
In the present embodiment, the centre distance of substrate 2 upper groove b and groove c is 30.000mm, after encapsulation, under room temperature, between fiber grating 3 liang of affixed points, fiber lengths is 30.018mm, the grid region length of fiber grating 3 is 10.000mm, centre wavelength is 1520.0000nm, and the annexation of other parts and parts is identical with embodiment 1.
The prestretching elongation Δ l that in the step (2) of the method for packing of above-mentioned monometallic dual sensitivity wide region fiber-optical grating temperature sensor, fiber grating 3 applies is 0.014mm, and in step (4), spectrometer demonstrates wavelength variation values Δ λ
bfor 0.5533nm, other operation stepss are identical with embodiment 10.
Embodiment 15
In the present embodiment, the centre distance of substrate 2 upper groove b and groove c is 30.000mm, after encapsulation, under room temperature, between fiber grating 3 liang of affixed points, fiber lengths is 30.018mm, the grid region length of fiber grating 3 is 12.000mm, centre wavelength is 1580.0000nm, and the annexation of other parts and parts is identical with embodiment 1.
The prestretching elongation Δ l that in the step (2) of the method for packing of above-mentioned monometallic dual sensitivity wide region fiber-optical grating temperature sensor, fiber grating 3 applies is 0.014mm, and in step (4), spectrometer demonstrates wavelength variation values Δ λ
bfor 0.5751nm, other operation stepss are identical with embodiment 10.
Embodiment 16
In the present embodiment, the centre distance of substrate 2 upper groove b and groove c is 20.000mm, after encapsulation, under room temperature, between fiber grating 3 liang of affixed points, fiber lengths is 20.012mm, the grid region length of fiber grating 3 is 15.000mm, centre wavelength is 1550.0000nm, and the annexation of other parts and parts is identical with embodiment 1.
The prestretching elongation Δ l that in the step (2) of the method for packing of above-mentioned monometallic dual sensitivity wide region fiber-optical grating temperature sensor, fiber grating 3 applies is 0.010mm, and in step (4), spectrometer demonstrates wavelength variation values Δ λ
bfor 0.6045nm, other operation stepss are identical with embodiment 10.
Embodiment 17
In the present embodiment, the centre distance of substrate 2 upper groove b and groove c is 20.000mm, after encapsulation, under room temperature, between fiber grating 3 liang of affixed points, fiber lengths is 20.012mm, the grid region length of fiber grating 3 is 10.000mm, centre wavelength is 1520.0000nm, and the annexation of other parts and parts is identical with embodiment 1.
The prestretching elongation Δ l that in the step (2) of the method for packing of above-mentioned monometallic dual sensitivity wide region fiber-optical grating temperature sensor, fiber grating 3 applies is 0.010mm, and in step (4), spectrometer demonstrates wavelength variation values Δ λ
bfor 0.5928nm, other operation stepss are identical with embodiment 10.
Embodiment 18
In the present embodiment, the centre distance of substrate 2 upper groove b and groove c is 20.000mm, after encapsulation, under room temperature, between fiber grating 3 liang of affixed points, fiber lengths is 20.012mm, the grid region length of fiber grating 3 is 12.000mm, centre wavelength is 1580.0000nm, and the annexation of other parts and parts is identical with embodiment 1.
The prestretching elongation Δ l that in the step (2) of the method for packing of above-mentioned monometallic dual sensitivity wide region fiber-optical grating temperature sensor, fiber grating 3 applies is 0.010mm, and in step (4), spectrometer demonstrates wavelength variation values Δ λ
bfor 0.6162nm, other operation stepss are identical with embodiment 10.
Embodiment 19
In the present embodiment, cap 1, the material of substrate 2 is 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel, the geometric configuration of substrate 2 is rectangle sheet, groove b is processed with at substrate 2 upper surface, groove c, the centre distance of groove b and groove c is 30mm, the grating part of fiber grating 3 is fixed between substrate 2 upper groove b and groove c with high temperature resistant solidification glue 4, and grid region length is less than the distance between groove b and groove c two groove, after encapsulation during room temperature 20 DEG C, between fiber grating 3 liang of affixed points, fiber lengths is 30.249mm, the grating grid region length of fiber grating 3 is 13mm, the centre wavelength of fiber grating 3 is 1550nm, the annexation of other parts and parts is identical with embodiment 1.
The method for packing of above-mentioned monometallic dual sensitivity wide region fiber-optical grating temperature sensor is as follows:
(1) according to senor operating temperature scope and applied environment, temperature-curable point T is chosen
gbe the high temperature resistant solidification glue of 700 DEG C, 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel as base material, determine transducer sensitivity inversion temperature T
zit is 500 DEG C;
(2) the prestretching elongation Δ l applied to fiber grating 3 is calculated;
Δl＝l
0[α
s(T
g-T
0)-α'
s(T
z-T
0)-α(T
g-T
z)]
In formula, the distance l under room temperature between fiber grating two affixed points
0=30mm, high-temperature plastic hot setting temperature spot T
gbe 700 DEG C, room temperature T
0be 20 DEG C, transducer sensitivity inversion temperature point T
zbe 500 DEG C, 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel is at the thermalexpansioncoefficientα of 20 ~ 700 DEG C
sfor 18.617.8 × 10
-6/ DEG C, 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel 20 ~ 500 DEG C thermalexpansioncoefficientα '
sbe 17.8 × 10
-6/ DEG C, thermalexpansioncoefficientα=0.5 × 10 of thermal expansivity derives from " metal material handbook " fiber grating material
-6/ DEG C, thermal expansivity derives from " fiber optics ", calculates Δ l=0.120mm;
(3) at room temperature 20 DEG C, substrate 2 is placed in high temperature box furnace, fiber grating 3 is placed in substrate 2, the grating department of fiber grating 3 divides and is between groove b and groove c, grid region length is less than the distance between groove b and groove c two groove, on the groove b that high temperature resistant solidification glue 4 is coated in substrate 2 and groove c, the distance now on fiber grating 3 between two affixed points is equal with the centre distance of groove b and groove c;
(4) fiber grating 3 two ends tail optical fiber is passed high temperature box furnace respectively and access spectrometer by wire jumper, spectrometer display fiber grating waveform and centre wavelength numerical value, the clip clamping of tail optical fiber end, fiber grating two ends on prestress workbench, to fiber grating 3 Shi Hanzhang, fiber bragg grating center wavelength drifts about, and spectrometer demonstrates wavelength variation values Δ λ
b,
Time, stop Shi Hanzhang, the valid elastic-optic constants P of fiber grating 3 in formula
ebe 0.22, fiber grating 3 initial center wavelength X
bfor 1550.0000nm, the prestretching elongation Δ l that fiber grating 3 applies is 0.120mm, the distance l under room temperature on fiber grating 3 between two affixed points
0for 30.000mm, draw Δ λ
bfor 4.8360nm;
(5) high temperature box furnace power supply is connected, operation instructions setting heating-up temperature according to high temperature resistant solidification glue is 700 DEG C and 60 minutes heat times, high temperature resistant solidification glue 4 is heating and curing, fiber grating 3 and substrate 2 hot setting bonding after, stop heating and cool to room temperature, the length l of the fiber grating 3 now between two adhesive spots
1for
l
1＝l
3-l
2-Δl+l
0
In formula: the centre distance l of 700 DEG C of low groove a and groove b
3for 30.379mm, the length l at 700 DEG C between fiber grating 3 liang of affixed points
2for 30.010mm, the prestretching elongation Δ l that fiber grating 3 applies is 0.120mm, the distance l at 20 DEG C between fiber grating two affixed points
0for 30.000mm; Calculate l
1=30.249mm.
(6) from high temperature box furnace, take out the substrate 2 being solidified with fiber grating 3 and stretch in protection sleeve 5 by substrate 2, cap 1 and protection sleeve 5 are fastenedly connected, and complete encapsulation.
Test 1
In order to verify beneficial effect of the present invention, inventors performed temperature performance test test, test situation is as follows:
One, testing tool
Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, model is SM125, is produced by MicronOptics company of the U.S.; Electric heating air blast thermostatic drying chamber, model is DHG-9248A type, is produced by the grand experimental facilities company limited of upper Nereid.
Two, temperature performance test test
1, specimen Design parameter
Test specimen base material is niobium-base alloy, and the test specimen that this test adopts is identical with the specification in embodiment 1, and the temperature-curable point value of high-temperature plastic 4 is 300 DEG C, transducer sensitivity inversion temperature value is 200 DEG C.
2, test unit and operation steps
Test specimen is put into electric heating air blast thermostatic drying chamber, adopt stable state thermometry, progressively rise to 300 DEG C by room temperature, be then progressively down to room temperature by 300 DEG C, with the temperature variant wavelength of optical fiber grating signal (FBG) demodulator detection fiber grating 3.Fig. 3 is the temperature response curve figure of this test specimen in high/low temperature interval.
3, experimental result and analysis
As seen from Figure 3, in heating and cooling process, the reflection kernel wavelength with temperature change linear invertible of fiber grating 3, fiber grating 3 at the linear fit equation of 20 ~ 200 DEG C of temperature range heating curves is: λ=0.0116T+1543.5524, and Linear Quasi is right: R
2=0.9995, at the linear fit equation of 200 ~ 300 DEG C of temperature range heating curves be: λ=0.0232T+1541.3466, Linear Quasi is right: R
2=0.9993; Fiber grating 3 at the linear fit equation of 20 ~ 200 DEG C of temperature range temperature lowering curves is: λ=0.0117T+1543.5441, and Linear Quasi is right: R
2=0.9990; At the linear fit equation of 200 ~ 300 DEG C of temperature range temperature lowering curves be: λ=0.0231T+1541.3428, Linear Quasi is right: R
2=0.9992.
Test result shows: the wide temperature detection range fiber-optical grating temperature sensor of monometallic dual sensitivity of encapsulation is 0.011nm/ DEG C the low-temperature region temperature-responsive sensitivity of 20 ~ 200 DEG C, be 0.023nm/ DEG C the high-temperature area temperature-responsive sensitivity of 200 ~ 300 DEG C, in high/low temperature region, sensor temperature response linearity all more than 0.999, intensification temperature lowering curve linear invertible.
4, conclusion (of pressure testing)
The fiber-optical grating temperature sensor that the present invention adopts single base material to encapsulate in high/low temperature region respectively with different sensitivity work, intensification temperature-fall period linear invertible, thus effectively solve temperature sensor sensitivity and measure range and mutually to restrict and the thermal expansivity that reduces base material is not the cumulative errors problem that constant causes in wide temperature range.
Claims (7)
1. a monometallic dual sensitivity wide region fiber-optical grating temperature sensor, it is characterized in that: be processed with through hole (a) in the axial centre of cap (1), one end face is provided with substrate (2), substrate (2) and cap (1) are connected as a single entity, distance between the upper surface of substrate (2) and through hole (a) center of circle is less than or equal to the radius of through hole (a), groove (b) is processed with at substrate (2) upper surface, groove (c), groove (b) is 20 ~ 30mm with the centre distance of groove (c), one end tail optical fiber of fiber grating (3) to stretch out a segment distance through the through hole (a) of cap (1), the grating part of fiber grating (3) is fixed on substrate (2) between upper groove (b) and groove (c) with high temperature resistant solidification glue (4), length l between fiber grating (3) two adhesive spots
1for:
l
1＝l
3-l
2-Δl+l
0
In formula, l
3for the centre distance high temperature resistant solidification adhesive curing temperature low groove (a) and groove (b), l
2for the length at high temperature resistant solidification adhesive curing temperature between upper two affixed points of fiber grating (3), Δ l is the prestretching elongation that fiber grating applies, l
0for the distance between fiber grating under room temperature (3) two affixed points; Substrate (2) extend in protection sleeve (5), cap (1) is fixed on protection sleeve (5).
2. monometallic dual sensitivity wide region fiber-optical grating temperature sensor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described cap (1) is: the frustum of a cone is processed in cap (1) one end, the other end is processed into round platform, axial centre position is processed with through hole (a), and frustum cone side is processed with screw thread.
3. monometallic dual sensitivity wide region fiber-optical grating temperature sensor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the grating grid region length of described fiber grating (3) is 10 ~ 15mm, the wavelength of fiber grating (3) is 1520 ~ 1580nm.
4. monometallic dual sensitivity wide region fiber-optical grating temperature sensor according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described protection sleeve (5) for closing one end, other end opening and inwall processes threaded metal sleeve.
5. monometallic dual sensitivity wide region fiber-optical grating temperature sensor according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the geometric configuration of described substrate (2) is rectangle sheet.
6. the method for packing of monometallic dual sensitivity wide region fiber-optical grating temperature sensor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) according to senor operating temperature scope and applied environment, temperature-curable value T is chosen
ghigh temperature resistant solidification glue (4), determine transducer sensitivity inversion temperature value T
zwith the material of substrate (2);
(2) calculate between two affixed points containing the prestretching elongation Δ l that the optical fiber of fiber grating applies;
Δl＝l
0[α
s(T
g-T
0)-α'
s(T
z-T
0)-α(T
g-T
z)]
In formula, l
0for the distance on fiber grating under room temperature between two affixed points, T
gfor high temperature resistant solidification glue (4) hot setting temperature value, T
0for room temperature, T
zfor transducer sensitivity inversion temperature point value, α
sfor substrate (2) is at T
0~ T
gthe thermal expansivity of temperature range, α '
sfor substrate (2) is at T
0~ T
zthe thermal expansivity of temperature range, α is the thermal expansivity of fiber grating (3);
(3) under room temperature, substrate (2) is placed in high temperature box furnace, fiber grating (3) is placed in substrate (2), the grating part of fiber grating (3) is positioned between groove (b) and groove (c), grid region length is less than the distance between groove (b) and groove (c) two groove, high temperature resistant solidification glue (4) is coated in the groove (b) of substrate (2) with on groove (c);
(4) fiber grating (3) two ends tail optical fiber is passed high temperature box furnace respectively and access spectrometer by wire jumper, spectrometer display fiber grating waveform and centre wavelength numerical value, the clip clamping of tail optical fiber end, fiber grating (3) two ends on prestress workbench, to fiber grating (3) Shi Hanzhang, fiber bragg grating center wavelength drifts about, and spectrometer demonstrates wavelength variation values Δ λ
b,
Time, stop applying stress, P in formula
efor the valid elastic-optic constants of optical fiber, λ
bfor fiber grating initial center wavelength, Δ l is the prestretching elongation that optical fiber applies, l
0for the distance under room temperature between two affixed points;
(5) high temperature box furnace power supply is connected, according to operation instructions setting heating-up temperature and the heat time of high temperature resistant solidification glue (4), high temperature resistant solidification glue (4) is heating and curing, fiber grating (3) and substrate (2) hot setting bonding after, stop heating and cool to room temperature;
(6) from heating arrangement, take out the substrate (2) being solidified with fiber grating (3); substrate (2) is stretched in protection sleeve (5); cap (1) and protection sleeve (5) are fastenedly connected, and complete encapsulation.
7. the method for packing of monometallic dual sensitivity wide region fiber-optical grating temperature sensor according to claim 5, is characterized in that: high temperature resistant solidification glue (4) the temperature-curable value T in described step (1)
gbe 150 ~ 800 DEG C, transducer sensitivity inversion temperature point value T
zit is 100 ~ 700 DEG C; Described substrate (2) is metallic substrates, the expansion coefficient of the expansion coefficient > fiber grating (3) of substrate (2).
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| CN114088240A (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2022-02-25 | 西安石油大学 | Cold and hot elongation type fiber bragg grating temperature sensor |
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