CN105235525A - Discharging method of supporting capacitor of electric automobile driving system - Google Patents
Discharging method of supporting capacitor of electric automobile driving system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105235525A CN105235525A CN201510745135.5A CN201510745135A CN105235525A CN 105235525 A CN105235525 A CN 105235525A CN 201510745135 A CN201510745135 A CN 201510745135A CN 105235525 A CN105235525 A CN 105235525A
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- support capacitor
- phase
- inversion
- phase bridge
- charging method
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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Abstract
The invention discloses a discharging method of a supporting capacitor of an electric automobile driving system and belongs to the technical field of circuits in order to solve the technical problem how to fast run out charges on the supporting capacitor. The electric automobile driving system comprises the supporting capacitor, inverse three-phase axles connected with the two ends of the supporting capacitor, and a three-phase motor connected with the inverse three-phase axles. The discharging method includes the steps that the electric automobile driving system is electrically processed; the inverse three-phase axles are driven so that the three-phase motor can be electrically connected with the supporting capacitor, and the supporting capacitor is discharged through internal resistance of the three-phase motor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to circuit engineering field, specifically, relate to a kind of charging method of Support Capacitor of drive system of electric automobile.
Background technology
Along with people's pay attention to day by day is to the use effectively and reasonably of the protection of environment and the energy, the automobile of the various alternative use fuel engines of Ge great automobile vendor research, such as, electronlmobil.
In drive system of electric automobile, in electric machine controller, comprise Support Capacitor (effect of filter capacitor (for smooth waveform) and reservoir capacitance (transient heavy current demand is provided)).After car load stops, also can there is the electric charge that remaining on board bleeds off in the Support Capacitor of drive system of electric automobile inside.Although this part electric charge can be fallen by the resistance consumption being connected in parallel on electric capacity two ends, but need discharge time to carry out choose reasonable, because the length of discharge time will affect the power consumption of resistance, also there is the risk of inefficacy in this resistance simultaneously, brings danger may to follow-up vehicle maintenance.
Therefore considering from security standpoint, after vehicle parking, how by quick for the electric charge on Support Capacitor approach exhaustion, to reach emergency state, is a technical matters urgently to be resolved hurrily.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of charging method of Support Capacitor of drive system of electric automobile, to solve how by the technical matters of quick for the electric charge on Support Capacitor approach exhaustion.
The invention provides a kind of charging method of Support Capacitor of drive system of electric automobile, the three phase electric machine that described drive system of electric automobile comprises Support Capacitor, connects the inversion three-phase bridge at described Support Capacitor two ends, connects described inversion three-phase bridge, described method comprises:
Lower electric treatment is carried out to described drive system of electric automobile;
Drive inversion three-phase bridge, make described three phase electric machine be electrically connected Support Capacitor, by the internal resistance of described three phase electric machine, described Support Capacitor is discharged.
Optionally, after driving inversion three-phase bridge, also comprise:
After Preset Time, whether the voltage detecting described Support Capacitor two ends declines;
If detect, the voltage at described Support Capacitor two ends does not decline, then report to the police.
Optionally, if after Preset Time, the voltage drop at described Support Capacitor two ends detected, also comprise:
Whether the discharge time detecting described Support Capacitor is greater than is preset electric discharge duration;
Be greater than the discharge time of described Support Capacitor if detect and preset electric discharge duration, then report to the police.
Optionally, be less than or equal to the discharge time of described Support Capacitor if detect and preset electric discharge duration, also comprise:
Whether the both end voltage detecting described Support Capacitor is less than or equal to preset voltage value;
If detect, the both end voltage of described Support Capacitor is less than or equal to preset voltage value, then terminate the driving to inversion three-phase bridge.
Optionally, if detect, the both end voltage of described Support Capacitor is greater than preset voltage value, then whether the discharge time again detecting described Support Capacitor is greater than is preset electric discharge duration.
Optionally, before driving inversion three-phase bridge, also comprise:
Judge whether described drive system of electric automobile successfully enters discharge mode;
If success, drive inversion three-phase bridge; If unsuccessful, report to the police.
Optionally, if described three phase electric machine is asynchronous AC motor, described inversion three-phase bridge adopts exciting current to control.
Optionally, if described three phase electric machine is permagnetic synchronous motor, described inversion three-phase bridge adopts D shaft current to control.
Optionally, if described three phase electric machine is permagnetic synchronous motor, described inversion three-phase bridge drives by applying high frequency voltage.
Present invention offers following beneficial effect: the three phase electric machine that make use of in the embodiment of the present invention in existing electronlmobil discharges to Support Capacitor, eliminate discharge circuit or the electric discharge device of extra increase of the prior art, be conducive to the cost reducing electronlmobil, the complexity of inner structure.Simultaneously because decrease device, reduce the trouble point of electronlmobil.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in the following description, and, partly become apparent from specification sheets, or understand by implementing the present invention.Object of the present invention and other advantages realize by structure specifically noted in specification sheets, claims and accompanying drawing and obtain.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, accompanying drawing required in describing is done simple introduction below to embodiment:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the electronlmobil in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the diagram of circuit of the charging method of Support Capacitor in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 to Fig. 4 is the control chart of the inversion three-phase bridge in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Describe embodiments of the present invention in detail below with reference to drawings and Examples, to the present invention, how application engineering means solve technical matters whereby, and the implementation procedure reaching technique effect can fully understand and implement according to this.It should be noted that, only otherwise form conflict, each embodiment in the present invention and each feature in each embodiment can be combined with each other, and the technical scheme formed is all within protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiments provide a kind of charging method of Support Capacitor of drive system of electric automobile, wherein, as shown in Figure 1, the three phase electric machine M that drive system of electric automobile comprises Support Capacitor C, connects the inversion three-phase bridge at Support Capacitor C two ends, connects inversion three-phase bridge, the two ends of Support Capacitor C are also parallel with a discharging resistance R
d.In addition, also comprise high voltage power battery, be configured with K switch, K switch
lwith resistance R
cpre-charge circuit, it is inner that this partial circuit may be present in car load distribution or electric machine controller.
Concrete, as shown in Figure 2, the charging method of the Support Capacitor of this drive system of electric automobile comprises the following steps:
Step S101, lower electric treatment is carried out to drive system of electric automobile.
So-called lower electric treatment, namely electronlmobil is after driver's parking shutdown, entire car controller obtains lower electricity order and according to given protocol requirement, distribution contactless switch or motor controller controls distribution contactless switch is controlled by self, cut off the connection of drive system of electric automobile and high voltage power anode or negative pole, interrupt high-tension current supply circuit.
Step S102, driving inversion three-phase bridge, made three phase electric machine be electrically connected Support Capacitor, discharged by the internal resistance of three phase electric machine to Support Capacitor.
Concrete, before driving inversion three-phase bridge, also need to judge whether drive system of electric automobile successfully enters discharge mode; If success, drive inversion three-phase bridge; If unsuccessful, report to the police to user, be convenient to user and overhaul electronlmobil in time.
After car load stops, also can there is the electric charge that remaining on board bleeds off in the Support Capacitor of drive system of electric automobile inside.In prior art, the resistance that normally a resistance is larger in the parallel connection of Support Capacitor two ends, is fallen the charge consumption on Support Capacitor by resistance heating.
Although this part electric charge can be fallen by the resistance consumption being connected in parallel on electric capacity two ends, but need discharge time to carry out choose reasonable, because the length of discharge time will affect the power consumption of resistance, also there is the risk of inefficacy in this resistance simultaneously, brings danger may to follow-up vehicle maintenance.Therefore, need fast, in time by complete for the charge consumption on Support Capacitor.
In electric automobile motor drive system, the Support Capacitor of electric machine controller inside plays effect of filtering (for smooth waveform) and energy storage (providing transient heavy current demand), opening the overvoltage of shutoff for reducing IGBT, providing transient high-current to motor.In embodiments of the present invention, can after electronlmobil stops travelling, by opening six insulated gate bipolar transistor (InsulatedGateBipolarTransistor in inversion three-phase bridge in sequence, be called for short IGBT), make the different piece electrical connection Support Capacitor of not three phase electric machine in the same time, by the internal resistance of three phase electric machine, Support Capacitor is discharged.
Wherein, each phase of three phase electric machine can be equivalent to an inductance L and a resistance R, opens shutoff by IGBT, Support Capacitor is connected when realizing the three-phase separate of three phase electric machine, therefore, three phase electric machine can be prevented mutually each because connect Support Capacitor for a long time, cause the situation of too high, the easy inefficacy of temperature.And different piece timesharing connects Support Capacitor, can realize the electric discharge to Support Capacitor efficiently.
Inversion three-phase bridge is controlled by the electric machine controller of electronlmobil, and electric machine controller carries different driving voltage V1 to V6 by six switching valves to inversion three-phase bridge, makes each phase non-concurrent electrical connection Support Capacitor of three phase electric machine, to form loop.Electric machine controller be exactly control Energy Transfer between main traction power source and motor device, be made up of extraneous control signal interface circuit, circuit for controlling motor and driving circuit.Motor, actuator and electric machine controller, as the major part of electronlmobil, play very important effect in electric automobile whole system.
Three phase electric machine in the embodiment of the present invention can select asynchronous AC motor, because it has the advantages such as structure is simple, sturdy and durable, reliable, cheap, easy to maintenance.For asynchronous AC motor, controller realizes the control to inversion three-phase bridge by the method that exciting current controls.Because of without torque current component, asynchronous AC motor can not be made to produce torque, therefore can not cause any shock effect to machinery.
Three phase electric machine in the embodiment of the present invention also can select permasyn morot (PermanentMagnetSynchronousMotor is called for short PMSM).Permagnetic synchronous motor has compact conformation, lightweight, without the need to excitation, that the motor feels hot is little, air-gap flux is high and the advantage such as speed-regulating range width, is therefore widely used in the fields such as machine manufacture, aerospace and electric traction.
For permagnetic synchronous motor, under rotor flux rotates d-q system of axes, if d axle controls excitation current component, then q shaft torque component of current is 0.Due to without torque current component, torque can not be produced, so any shock effect can not be caused to machinery.Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the method that d shaft current can be adopted to control, realizes the control to permagnetic synchronous motor.
As shown in Figure 3, the method for d shaft current control is namely according to reference d-q shaft current i
d *, i
q *=0, in conjunction with the actual d-q shaft current i obtained by rotation transformation
d, i
q, obtain with reference to d-q shaft current i
d *, i
q *with actual d-q shaft current i
d, i
qerror, by the current error of d axle and q axle respectively adoption rate (P)-integration (I) control to obtain d-q shaft voltage U
d *, U
q *, by the d-q shaft voltage u obtained
d *, u
q *in conjunction with the phase sequence θ of upper permasyn morot
*, the three plase alternating current U of corresponding three phase electric machine is respectively obtained through pulse width adjustment (PulseWidthModulation is called for short PWM)
a *, U
b *and U
c *, realize the driving to permagnetic synchronous motor, control.
Wherein, the i of reference d shaft current that provides of electric machine controller
d *should not exceed 10% of the short circuit current of permagnetic synchronous motor.Short circuit current is motor when normally rotating, and flows through the electric current of three-phase during three phase short circuit.I
d *when should not exceed 10% of the short circuit current of permagnetic synchronous motor, permagnetic synchronous motor can not sustain damage.
In addition, for permagnetic synchronous motor, as shown in Figure 4, the mode applying high frequency voltage vector also can be adopted to control.Electric machine controller provides a rotational voltage vector U
*and U
*frequency f
*, these two inpuies are carried out to the coordinate transform of d-q axle, obtain d-q shaft voltage U
d *, U
q *and phase sequence θ
*.Can to obtained d-q shaft voltage U
d *, U
q *and phase sequence θ
*carry out PWM adjustment, obtain the three plase alternating current U of corresponding three phase electric machine respectively
a *, U
b *and U
c *, realize the driving to permagnetic synchronous motor, control.After adding high frequency voltage vector, motor produces high-frequency currents vector, under decomposing rotor synchronous frame, obtain the i of high-frequency alternating
d, i
q, namely can form the torque of parameter alternation on motor, and motor itself is static, the torque of alternation can not make motor rotation.F
*generally select Rated motor frequency, the selection principle of voltage is the i of order with reference to d shaft current
d *maxim be no more than 10% of permagnetic synchronous motor short circuit current.
There is comparatively strict restriction discharge time due to Support Capacitor, such as when there being active discharge requirement to drive motor controller, drive motor controller Support Capacitor should be no more than 3 seconds (being put into Support Capacitor voltage < 60V) discharge time; When there being passive electric discharge to require to drive motor controller, drive motor controller Support Capacitor should be not more than 5 minutes (being put into Support Capacitor voltage < 60V) discharge time.The corresponding active discharge function wherein of the present embodiment.
Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, after the Support Capacitor of electronlmobil starts to enter discharge mode, i.e. after inversion three-phase bridge is subject to the driving of electric machine controller, charging method provided by the invention also comprises:
After inversion three-phase bridge drives, likely Support Capacitor fails to discharge immediately, and after therefore needing to treat Preset Time, whether the voltage detecting Support Capacitor two ends declines.If detect that the voltage at Support Capacitor two ends declines, illustrate that Support Capacitor can regular discharge; And if detect that the voltage at the voltage two ends at Support Capacitor two ends does not decline, then illustrate that this electronlmobil likely there occurs fault, the main contactor such as, be connected with battery in electronlmobil can not disconnect after electronlmobil stops, and is also likely that the link circuit of inversion three-phase bridge and three phase electric machine lost efficacy.This kind of inefficacy can be used as warning, to entire car controller feedback information.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the first situation can be used as potential fault and reports to the police to user, and this fault can not affect the driving of electronlmobil; And the possibility that the second situation occurs is very low, if the link circuit of inversion three-phase bridge and three phase electric machine really lost efficacy, electronlmobil cannot travel.But for the ease of the fault for investigating electronlmobil comprehensively, ensure the experience of user, also the second situation can be reported to the police to user.User can to carry out in time electronlmobil according to the alarm condition of electronlmobil, project, actv. maintenance, ensure that the driving of user is experienced.
Whether the discharge time due to Support Capacitor has strict restriction, therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, not only needs to detect Support Capacitor whether regular discharge, also need the discharge time detecting Support Capacitor in real time and be greater than to preset electric discharge duration; Be greater than the discharge time of Support Capacitor if detect and preset electric discharge duration, then illustrate that electronlmobil cannot regular discharge, same needs reports to the police to user.
Otherwise be less than or equal to the discharge time of Support Capacitor if detect and preset electric discharge duration, in the embodiment of the present invention, whether the both end voltage that also should detect Support Capacitor is less than or equal to preset voltage value; If detect, the both end voltage of Support Capacitor is less than or equal to preset voltage value, and preset voltage value is such as 60V, then illustrate that Support Capacitor can discharge effectively, to Support Capacitor electric discharge, terminates the driving to inversion three-phase bridge without the need to continuing again.And if detect that the both end voltage of Support Capacitor is greater than preset voltage value, then now need to continue to discharge to Support Capacitor, whether the discharge time simultaneously again detecting Support Capacitor is greater than is preset electric discharge duration, until Support Capacitor successfully discharges or is greater than discharge time preset electric discharge duration, electronlmobil is reported to the police.
Then the three phase electric machine that make use of in the embodiment of the present invention in existing electronlmobil discharges to Support Capacitor, eliminate discharge circuit or the electric discharge device of extra increase of the prior art, be conducive to the cost reducing electronlmobil, the complexity of inner structure.Simultaneously because decrease device, reduce the trouble point of electronlmobil.
In addition, because inversion three-phase bridge is most failure-free circuit in electronlmobil, only have its reliable operation, whole electronlmobil is only failure-free.Therefore the rapid discharge adopting inversion three-phase bridge to take into account lower high pressure rear support electric capacity be the most reliably, the most controlled method.
Although embodiment disclosed in this invention is as above, the embodiment that described content just adopts for the ease of understanding the present invention, and be not used to limit the present invention.Technical personnel in any the technical field of the invention; under the prerequisite not departing from spirit and scope disclosed in this invention; any amendment and change can be done what implement in form and in details; but scope of patent protection of the present invention, the scope that still must define with appending claims is as the criterion.
Claims (9)
1. the charging method of the Support Capacitor of a drive system of electric automobile, it is characterized in that, the three phase electric machine that described drive system of electric automobile comprises Support Capacitor, connects the inversion three-phase bridge at described Support Capacitor two ends, connects described inversion three-phase bridge, described charging method comprises:
Lower electric treatment is carried out to described drive system of electric automobile;
Drive inversion three-phase bridge, make described three phase electric machine be electrically connected Support Capacitor, by the internal resistance of described three phase electric machine, described Support Capacitor is discharged.
2. charging method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, after driving inversion three-phase bridge, also comprises:
After Preset Time, whether the voltage detecting described Support Capacitor two ends declines;
If detect, the voltage at described Support Capacitor two ends does not decline, then report to the police.
3. charging method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, if after Preset Time, the voltage drop at described Support Capacitor two ends detected, also comprises:
Whether the discharge time detecting described Support Capacitor is greater than is preset electric discharge duration;
Be greater than the discharge time of described Support Capacitor if detect and preset electric discharge duration, then report to the police.
4. charging method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, is less than or equal to the discharge time of described Support Capacitor and presets electric discharge duration, also comprise if detect:
Whether the both end voltage detecting described Support Capacitor is less than or equal to preset voltage value;
If detect, the both end voltage of described Support Capacitor is less than or equal to preset voltage value, then terminate the driving to inversion three-phase bridge.
5. charging method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, if detect, the both end voltage of described Support Capacitor is greater than preset voltage value, then whether the discharge time again detecting described Support Capacitor is greater than is preset electric discharge duration.
6. charging method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, before driving inversion three-phase bridge, also comprises:
Judge whether described drive system of electric automobile successfully enters discharge mode;
If success, drive inversion three-phase bridge; If unsuccessful, report to the police.
7. the charging method according to any one of claim 1 to 6, is characterized in that, if described three phase electric machine is asynchronous AC motor, described inversion three-phase bridge adopts exciting current to control.
8. the charging method according to any one of claim 1 to 6, is characterized in that, if described three phase electric machine is permagnetic synchronous motor, described inversion three-phase bridge adopts D shaft current to control.
9. the charging method according to any one of claim 1 to 6, is characterized in that, if described three phase electric machine is permagnetic synchronous motor, described inversion three-phase bridge drives by applying high frequency voltage.
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| CN201510745135.5A CN105235525A (en) | 2015-11-05 | 2015-11-05 | Discharging method of supporting capacitor of electric automobile driving system |
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| CN201510745135.5A CN105235525A (en) | 2015-11-05 | 2015-11-05 | Discharging method of supporting capacitor of electric automobile driving system |
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Cited By (9)
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| CN106347170A (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2017-01-25 | 株洲中车时代电气股份有限公司 | Active discharging circuit of motor controller for electric automobile |
| CN108437801A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-08-24 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of discharge circuit control method, device and vehicle |
| CN109301889A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2019-02-01 | 深圳熙斯特新能源技术有限公司 | A kind of method of electric vehicle motor controller high-voltage capacitance repid discharge |
| CN109995306A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-09 | 郑州宇通客车股份有限公司 | A kind of electric machine controller discharge control method and device |
| CN112124078A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2020-12-25 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Power-off control method and power-off control system of permanent magnet synchronous motor |
| CN112152428A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2020-12-29 | 科华恒盛股份有限公司 | Three-phase thyristor control circuit |
| CN112688409A (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-04-20 | 浙江大学 | ESO-based pure electric vehicle bus capacitor discharging system and method |
| CN113895230A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2022-01-07 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | Vehicle control method and device |
| CN114184986A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-03-15 | 浪潮(北京)电子信息产业有限公司 | Capacitor abnormity detection device and server |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106347170A (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2017-01-25 | 株洲中车时代电气股份有限公司 | Active discharging circuit of motor controller for electric automobile |
| CN109995306A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-09 | 郑州宇通客车股份有限公司 | A kind of electric machine controller discharge control method and device |
| CN108437801A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-08-24 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of discharge circuit control method, device and vehicle |
| CN109301889A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2019-02-01 | 深圳熙斯特新能源技术有限公司 | A kind of method of electric vehicle motor controller high-voltage capacitance repid discharge |
| CN113895230A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2022-01-07 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | Vehicle control method and device |
| CN112124078A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2020-12-25 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Power-off control method and power-off control system of permanent magnet synchronous motor |
| CN112152428A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2020-12-29 | 科华恒盛股份有限公司 | Three-phase thyristor control circuit |
| CN112124078B (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2022-04-26 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Power-off control method and power-off control system of permanent magnet synchronous motor |
| CN112152428B (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2022-06-07 | 科华恒盛股份有限公司 | Three-phase thyristor control circuit |
| CN112688409A (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-04-20 | 浙江大学 | ESO-based pure electric vehicle bus capacitor discharging system and method |
| CN114184986A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-03-15 | 浪潮(北京)电子信息产业有限公司 | Capacitor abnormity detection device and server |
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Application publication date: 20160113 |