CN105235524A - Electric vehicle battery safety design method - Google Patents
Electric vehicle battery safety design method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105235524A CN105235524A CN201510670004.5A CN201510670004A CN105235524A CN 105235524 A CN105235524 A CN 105235524A CN 201510670004 A CN201510670004 A CN 201510670004A CN 105235524 A CN105235524 A CN 105235524A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electric vehicle battery safety design method which comprises the steps that in each link where an electric vehicle battery develops towards a safety accident, a systematic design safety accident possibility grade is evaluated through evaluation on the occurrence of the possibility grade; if the safety accident possibility grade is higher than the expected requirement, the possibility is reduced by adopting available technical means, and the overall systematic safety accident possibility grade is evaluated till the overall systematic safety accident possibility grade reaches the expected requirement. The electric vehicle battery safety design method is a scientific evaluation method for the battery safety of a finished vehicle system, so that a unit using a vehicle can know the vehicle fairly well, and takes prevention and control measures well; the electric vehicle battery safety design method can provide guidance for various links of system design; and the safety design of each link can be done well.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electronlmobil field, particularly a kind of Security Design Methods of batteries of electric automobile.
Background technology
Energy shock and environmental crisis, impel various countries to find new alternative energy, and as the key areas of new forms of energy development, electronlmobil obtains great attention.Electronlmobil is divided into pure electric automobile, mixed power electric car and fuel cell powered vehicle.Lithium ion battery with its high-energy-density, have extended cycle life, the advantage such as environmental protection, become the first-selected energy-storage battery of current pure electric automobile and hybrid vehicle.But lithium ion battery is because its energy density is high, voltage platform is high, use the reason such as organic electrolyte and specific both positive and negative polarity active material, easily on fire, cause fire.The bus safety accident that analytical investigation lithium ion battery causes, strengthens safe design, becomes a long-term important job.In the Second Committee electronlmobil safety rate summit in September, 2011, battery fire hazard and safety performance are just defined as primary study object, and also there is vehicle lithium ionization cell safety test standard in China.For the design of passenger vehicle fire prevention aspect, also there are enough attention and a lot of research.In cell safety, there is the technical design such as battery management system, fire extinguisher, battery isolation, but the safe design of neither one system and appraisal procedure.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to: a kind of batteries of electric automobile Security Design Methods is provided.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of batteries of electric automobile Security Design Methods, described method of designing comprises:
On the links that batteries of electric automobile develops to safety misadventure, by the evaluation to possibility occurrence grade, carry out the possibility grade that evaluation system design safety story occurs; Safety misadventure possibility occurrence grade is required higher than expection, technological means can be adopted to reduce possibility by selecting, and the possibility grade that entire system safety misadventure occurs is assessed, until entire system safety hazards possibility occurrence grade reaches expection.
Preferably, the links that described batteries of electric automobile develops to safety misadventure, for a variety of causes causes battery electricity out of control, secondary is thermal runaway, and heat trnasfer is out of control, on fire, and fire transmits out of control, the impaired or injury to personnel of property, and grievous injury forms safety misadventure.
Preferably, described safety misadventure possibility occurrence grade is divided into: principle can not occur, meet specific extreme condition and may occur, may occur within the scope of regulation usage condition, easily occur at regulation usage condition range content, and be 0,0 ~ (1/1,000,000) to respectively each grade imparting numerical value probability of occurrence, (1/1,000,000) ~ (1/10,000), (1/10,000) ~ 1.
Preferably, the possibility grade that described entire system safety misadventure occurs, for the product of each logic causalnexus link probability of occurrence sums up in the point that hithermost safety misadventure possibility grade.
Preferably, the probability that certain described link event occurs, the statistics of being generally acknowledged by industry, empirical equation are calculated, or are obtained by the marking of experts' evaluation group.
Preferably, described safety misadventure possibility occurrence grade is higher than expection requirement, refer to the probability possessing practical value for special-purpose, such as bus requires that serious injuries can not occur principle, the probability demands that vehicle property burns lower than ten thousand/.
Preferably, described employing technological means reduces possibility, and after referring to adopt certain technology, the probability that certain link occurs can obviously decline; The technology adopted comprises active safety design and passive security design.
Concrete, described passive security design comprises at least one of following measure:
1) change air-conditioning duct and ceiling wire harness trend, make directly to enter passenger zone without pipeline in hyperbaric chamber;
2) hyperbaric chamber adopts absolute construction, closes (battery flat) in cutting off and fills fire-proofing material, guarantee the safety of passenger zone.Battery high-temperature warning, smog alarm are installed in hyperbaric chamber, video monitor probe, tubulose dry powder spray continuous heavy rain fire extinguisher are installed;
3) in hyperbaric chamber, pure electric air-conditioning is installed, for closed-centre system cooling in hyperbaric chamber;
4) electric machine controller is shifted out in high-pressure chamber;
5) expansion tank is moved in machinery space;
6) battery flat breather pipe all cancelled by pure electric vehicle type;
7) pure electric bus selects packed battery automatic fire extinguisher.
Described active safety design comprises at least one of following measure:
1) hybrid electric vehicle all adopts the secondary insulation of battery and high pressure tank;
2) adopt two tunnel high-voltage acquisition, avoid high pressure to report by mistake completely;
3) super capacitor is managed, when temperature surpasses 65 DEG C, cut off super capacitor;
4) battery charging and discharging temperature is unified: 50 DEG C of alarms; When 55 DEG C, power falls; Cut off when 60 DEG C; All fall power and cut off instruction send by entire car controller;
5) hybrid electric vehicle all adopts reverse series connection to control, and when pure electric permanent magnetic motor slides, entire car controller is sent out zero and turned round control-anti-electric capacity High speed battery and slide and overcharge;
6) preliminary filling logic and instruction are all by vehicle control unit controls;
7) mixed dynamic battery applications interval is adjusted to 65%-70%, guarantees that battery temperature controls and requirement in service life;
8) liquid cooling outer circulation battery system is being manufactured experimently, strict control cell operating conditions temperature≤10 DEG C.
Beneficial effect of the present invention has:
1. batteries of electric automobile Security Design Methods provided by the present invention, provides a kind of scientific evaluation method of Full Vehicle System battery security, can accomplish to know what's what with car unit, carries out prevention and administrative measure;
2. the present invention can provide guidance for each link of system, carries out the safe design of each link;
3. the present invention can provide a preferred method in various system design scheme, selects optimum scheme in each side such as performance cost and comfort features;
4. the present invention is in the purposes that ask for something is high, can be designed on system principle and not occur safety misadventure, guarantee safety.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described:
Fig. 1 is the diagram of circuit of cell safety method of designing of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the diagram of circuit of the link of battery accident of the present invention development.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of batteries of electric automobile Security Design Methods of the present invention, described method of designing comprises: the developmental sequence first listing batteries of electric automobile safety misadventure, on the links that batteries of electric automobile develops to safety misadventure, by the evaluation to possibility occurrence grade, carry out the possibility grade that evaluation system design safety story occurs; Safety misadventure possibility occurrence grade is required higher than expection, technological means can be adopted to reduce possibility by selecting, and the possibility grade that entire system safety misadventure occurs is assessed, until entire system safety hazards possibility occurrence grade reaches expection.
As shown in Figure 2, the links that described batteries of electric automobile develops to safety misadventure, for a variety of causes causes battery electricity out of control, secondary is thermal runaway, and heat trnasfer is out of control, on fire, and fire transmits out of control, the impaired or injury to personnel of property, and grievous injury forms safety misadventure.
Described safety misadventure possibility occurrence grade is divided into: principle can not occur, meet specific extreme condition and may occur, may occur within the scope of regulation usage condition, easily occur at regulation usage condition range content, and be 0,0 ~ (1/1 to respectively each grade imparting numerical value probability of occurrence, 000,000), (1/1,000,000) ~ (1/10,000), (1/10,000) ~ 1.
The possibility grade that described entire system safety misadventure occurs, for the product of each logic causalnexus link probability of occurrence sums up in the point that hithermost safety misadventure possibility grade.The probability that each link of such as certain design occurs is: electricity out of control 1%, electricity battery thermal runaway probability 40% out of control, thermal runaway transfer probability is 90%, fire probability is 30%, and fiery transfer probability is 80%, and impaired probability is 100%, so whole system occurs that the possibility of safety misadventure is 0.01*0.4*0.9*0.3*0.8*1=0.00086, in (1/10,000) ~ 1 scope, be judged to easily safety misadventure to occur at regulation usage condition range content.
The probability that certain described link event occurs, the statistics of being generally acknowledged by industry, empirical equation are calculated, or are obtained by the marking of experts' evaluation group.The probability that such as battery electricity is out of control, when being every 100 Wan An according to the data of industry statistic, battery occurs once.
Described safety misadventure possibility occurrence grade, higher than expection requirement, refers to the probability possessing practical value for special-purpose, and such as bus requires that serious injuries can not occur principle, the probability demands that vehicle property burns lower than ten thousand/.
Described employing technological means reduces possibility, and after referring to adopt certain technology, the probability that certain link occurs can obviously decline; After such as adopting rational fire extinguisher, occur on fire after, the speed of developing fire can be controlled, greatly reduce the probability of personnel's major injuries, if postpone developing fire 5 minutes, the personnel on vehicle evacuate to safety zone, so the probability of personnel's major injuries can be reduced to 0 ~ (1/1,000,000), so the probability of entire system generation personnel major injuries is reduced to 1/1000000000th.
Concrete, the technology of employing comprises active safety design and passive security design.
Described passive security design comprises at least one of following measure:
1) change air-conditioning duct and ceiling wire harness trend, make directly to enter passenger zone without pipeline in hyperbaric chamber;
2) hyperbaric chamber adopts absolute construction, closes (battery flat) in cutting off and fills fire-proofing material, guarantee the safety of passenger zone.Battery high-temperature warning, smog alarm are installed in hyperbaric chamber, video monitor probe, tubulose dry powder spray continuous heavy rain fire extinguisher are installed;
3) in hyperbaric chamber, pure electric air-conditioning is installed, for closed-centre system cooling in hyperbaric chamber;
4) electric machine controller is shifted out in high-pressure chamber;
5) expansion tank is moved in machinery space;
6) battery flat breather pipe all cancelled by pure electric vehicle type;
7) pure electric bus selects packed battery automatic fire extinguisher.
Described active safety design comprises at least one of following measure:
1) hybrid electric vehicle all adopts the secondary insulation of battery and high pressure tank;
2) adopt two tunnel high-voltage acquisition, avoid high pressure to report by mistake completely;
3) super capacitor is managed, when temperature surpasses 65 DEG C, cut off super capacitor;
4) battery charging and discharging temperature is unified: 50 DEG C of alarms; When 55 DEG C, power falls; Cut off when 60 DEG C; All fall power and cut off instruction send by entire car controller;
5) hybrid electric vehicle all adopts reverse series connection to control, and when pure electric permanent magnetic motor slides, entire car controller is sent out zero and turned round control-anti-electric capacity High speed battery and slide and overcharge;
6) preliminary filling logic and instruction are all by vehicle control unit controls;
7) mixed dynamic battery applications interval is adjusted to 65%-70%, guarantees that battery temperature controls and requirement in service life;
8) liquid cooling outer circulation battery system is being manufactured experimently, strict control cell operating conditions temperature≤10 DEG C.
Above-described embodiment, only for technical conceive of the present invention and feature are described, its object is to person skilled in the art can be understood content of the present invention and implement according to this, can not limit the scope of the invention with this.All modifications done according to the Spirit Essence of main technical schemes of the present invention, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a batteries of electric automobile Security Design Methods, is characterized in that, described method of designing comprises:
On the links that batteries of electric automobile develops to safety misadventure, by the evaluation to possibility occurrence grade, carry out the possibility grade that evaluation system design safety story occurs;
Safety misadventure possibility occurrence grade is required higher than expection, technological means can be adopted to reduce possibility by selecting, and the possibility grade that entire system safety misadventure occurs is assessed, until entire system safety hazards possibility occurrence grade reaches expection.
2. batteries of electric automobile Security Design Methods according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the links that described batteries of electric automobile develops to safety misadventure, for a variety of causes causes battery electricity out of control, secondary is thermal runaway, and heat trnasfer is out of control, on fire, fire transmits out of control, the impaired or injury to personnel of property, and grievous injury forms safety misadventure.
3. batteries of electric automobile Security Design Methods according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described safety misadventure possibility occurrence grade is divided into: principle can not occur, meet specific extreme condition and may occur, may occur within the scope of regulation usage condition, easily occur at regulation usage condition range content, and to give numerical value probability of occurrence to respectively each grade be 0,0 ~ (1/1,000,000), (1/1,000,000) ~ (1/10,000), (1/10,000) ~ 1.
4. batteries of electric automobile Security Design Methods according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, the possibility grade that described entire system safety misadventure occurs, for the product of each logic causalnexus link probability of occurrence sums up in the point that hithermost safety misadventure possibility grade.
5. batteries of electric automobile Security Design Methods according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the probability that certain described link event occurs, and the statistics of being generally acknowledged by industry, empirical equation are calculated, or is obtained by the marking of experts' evaluation group.
6. batteries of electric automobile Security Design Methods according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described safety misadventure possibility occurrence grade is higher than expection requirement, refer to the probability possessing practical value for special-purpose, such as bus requires that serious injuries can not occur principle, the probability demands that vehicle property burns lower than ten thousand/.
7. batteries of electric automobile Security Design Methods according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described employing technological means reduces possibility, and after referring to adopt certain technology, the probability that certain link occurs can obviously decline; The technology adopted comprises active safety design and passive security design.
8. batteries of electric automobile Security Design Methods according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described passive security design comprises at least one of following measure:
1) change air-conditioning duct and ceiling wire harness trend, make directly to enter passenger zone without pipeline in hyperbaric chamber;
2) hyperbaric chamber adopts absolute construction, closes (battery flat) in cutting off and fills fire-proofing material, guarantee the safety of passenger zone;
Battery high-temperature warning, smog alarm are installed in hyperbaric chamber, video monitor probe, tubulose dry powder spray continuous heavy rain fire extinguisher are installed;
3) in hyperbaric chamber, pure electric air-conditioning is installed, for closed-centre system cooling in hyperbaric chamber;
4) electric machine controller is shifted out in high-pressure chamber;
5) expansion tank is moved in machinery space;
6) battery flat breather pipe all cancelled by pure electric vehicle type;
7) pure electric bus selects packed battery automatic fire extinguisher.
9. batteries of electric automobile Security Design Methods according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described active safety design comprises at least one of following measure:
1) hybrid electric vehicle all adopts the secondary insulation of battery and high pressure tank;
2) adopt two tunnel high-voltage acquisition, avoid high pressure to report by mistake completely;
3) super capacitor is managed, when temperature surpasses 65 DEG C, cut off super capacitor;
4) battery charging and discharging temperature is unified: 50 DEG C of alarms; When 55 DEG C, power falls; Cut off when 60 DEG C; All fall power and cut off instruction send by entire car controller;
5) hybrid electric vehicle all adopts reverse series connection to control, and when pure electric permanent magnetic motor slides, entire car controller is sent out zero and turned round control-anti-electric capacity High speed battery and slide and overcharge;
6) preliminary filling logic and instruction are all by vehicle control unit controls;
7) mixed dynamic battery applications interval is adjusted to 65%-70%, guarantees that battery temperature controls and requirement in service life;
8) liquid cooling outer circulation battery system is being manufactured experimently, strict control cell operating conditions temperature≤10 DEG C.
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| CN201510670004.5A CN105235524A (en) | 2015-10-16 | 2015-10-16 | Electric vehicle battery safety design method |
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| CN201510670004.5A CN105235524A (en) | 2015-10-16 | 2015-10-16 | Electric vehicle battery safety design method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107169221A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-09-15 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | Electrokinetic cell method and device |
| CN109613056A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-04-12 | 清华大学 | The evaluation method of lithium ion battery fire risk |
| CN109782184A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-05-21 | 东莞钜威动力技术有限公司 | The non-security failure mode diagnostic method and its electronic equipment of Pack system |
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| CN102496747A (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2012-06-13 | 中国检验检疫科学研究院 | Thermal management device for power batteries and thermal management method for power batteries |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107169221A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-09-15 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | Electrokinetic cell method and device |
| CN109613056A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-04-12 | 清华大学 | The evaluation method of lithium ion battery fire risk |
| CN109613056B (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2020-03-31 | 清华大学 | Method for evaluating fire hazard risk of lithium ion battery |
| CN109782184A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-05-21 | 东莞钜威动力技术有限公司 | The non-security failure mode diagnostic method and its electronic equipment of Pack system |
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Application publication date: 20160113 |
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