CN105234548B - 双立爆炸焊接刚性和柔性综合防护装置 - Google Patents

双立爆炸焊接刚性和柔性综合防护装置 Download PDF

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CN105234548B
CN105234548B CN201510655582.1A CN201510655582A CN105234548B CN 105234548 B CN105234548 B CN 105234548B CN 201510655582 A CN201510655582 A CN 201510655582A CN 105234548 B CN105234548 B CN 105234548B
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flexible protective
protection
protective wall
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plate
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CN105234548A (zh
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史长根
赵林升
葛雨珩
侯鸿宝
尤峻
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Army Engineering University of PLA
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/06Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating by means of high energy impulses, e.g. magnetic energy
    • B23K20/08Explosive welding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/26Auxiliary equipment

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
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Abstract

采用刚性防护板结构、外侧柔性防护墙以及内侧柔性防护材料相结合的综合防护装置和防护方法,不仅解决了双立爆炸焊接复合板得的安全防护问题,而且该综合防护装置的刚性防护结构基本无变形损坏,无大的位移,柔性防护墙可长期重复使用。

Description

双立爆炸焊接刚性和柔性综合防护装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种双立爆炸焊接刚性和柔性综合防护装置,属于爆炸焊接和防护结构设计综合技术领域。
背景技术
一种互锁式双立爆炸焊接防护装置,在爆炸焊接两基板两外侧分别设计了垂直两防护板,而两防护板外缘上下连接有两块方形箍环。《焊接学报》2012 年33卷第3期对这种防护装置的防护效果进行了模拟分析,从模拟和试验结果可知,这种防护装置虽然取得一定的防护效果,但爆炸焊接后两方形箍环产生了破坏和极大的变形,因此不能重复使用。
为了解决双立爆炸焊接复合板焊后的防护和爆炸安全问题,尚需研究复合板的运动和防护机理,以在双立爆炸焊接装置两侧设计均匀耐冲击可重复使用的双立爆炸焊接综合防护装置。即既要保证焊后的两复合板向两侧运动与防护装置碰撞不会因塑性变形而失效,又要保证设计的防护装置不会应复合板的撞击而破坏变形。
通过理论分析和ANSIA计算模拟,对小板面双立爆炸焊接试验了紧固箍式、自锁式和柔性防护墙等三种防护装置两侧的防护装置进行了多次试验并取得了一定的进展和积累了一定的实验数据。
紧固箍式双立防护装置尺寸较大,变形严重,其防护装置显然不能重复使用。而自锁式防护装置虽然锁销被剪断,但防护板没有变形,其主体结构尚可重复使用。
柔性防护墙双立爆炸焊接试验,虽然小板防护效果较好,但大板爆炸复合会使复合板产生一定的变形,而且劳动强度较大。
因此,综合上述三种防护装置的结构特点和防护效果,设计了一种刚性防护板结构、外侧柔性防护墙和内侧柔性防护材料相结合的综合防护结构来解决双立爆炸焊接的防护问题。
发明内容
参照附图1,双立爆炸焊接综合防护装置由刚性防护板结构、外侧柔性防护墙和内侧柔性防护材料综合构成。刚性防护板结构主要是承受高速运动复合板的冲击力,防止冲击震动对周围环境的影响以及为人员设备安全提供安全保障;外侧柔性防护墙不仅起到缓冲和消波作用,使复合板与刚性墙的巨大冲击作用迅速衰减,而且使刚性防护板结构不产生大的位移。
根据附图所示的双立爆炸焊接综合防护结构示意图,可建立如下数学模型,金属复合板m1和刚性防护板结构m2可视为刚性质量块;柔性防护墙则简化为弹簧k和阻尼器c两种物理元件组成,既考虑了柔性防护结构的弹性恢复系数,又考虑了柔性防护结构的能量耗散作用;金属复合板m1以速度V 与综合防护结构进行碰撞。其中,k为柔性防护墙的弹性系数;c为柔性防护墙的阻尼系数。
根据P-K模型可以得到金属复合板爆炸后的运动速度V,则根据接触力学理论可以得到金属复合板与刚性防护墙高速碰撞后的接触力:
式中,为相对弹性模量,其中υb、υs分别为复合板和刚性墙的泊松比,Eb、Es分别为复合板和刚性墙的弹性模量;R*为撞击体等效曲率半径;δ*为最大侵入深度;t′e、tep、Tc分别为弹性接触时间、弹塑性接触时间和总接触时间;无量纲参量为恢复系数。
其中vY为材料屈服速度,v0为初始冲击速度,且0≤e≤1,当e=0时,为完全塑性接触情况,当e=1时,为完全弹性接触情况。
由结构动力学理论可知,金属复合板与综合防护结构碰撞后运动方程为:
通过差分法数值求解方程(2)即可得到金属复合板及刚性防护板的运动全过程。同时,通过计算机模拟仿真和试验测试验证金属复合板及刚性防护板的运动规律和应力应变规律。
理论分析、计算模拟和试验测试表明:综合防护装置刚性防护板厚度应大于50mm,刚性防护板结构长度大于或等于复合板长度,防护板高度大于或等于复合板宽度;刚性防护板结构的外侧柔性防护墙A和B可采用采用沙子等柔性材料装袋并堆砌而成,其长度和高度与刚性防护板结构相当,宽度一般在1米以上。刚性防护板结构的内侧柔性防护材料A和B主要取到保护基复板表面的作用。
采用上述刚性防护板结构和柔性防护墙相结合的综合防护装置,具有很好的防护效果,刚性防护板结构基本无变形损坏,且无大的位移,外侧柔性防护墙可长期重复使用。
附图说明
附图1是双立爆炸焊接综合防护装置示意图。图中的1是外侧柔性防护墙A、2是刚性防护板结构A、3是内侧柔性防护材料A、4是双立爆炸焊接基板A、5是双立爆炸焊接复板A、6为炸药、7是双立爆炸焊接复板B、8是双立爆炸焊接基板B、9是内侧柔性防护材料B、10是刚性防护板结构B、11 是外侧柔性防护墙B、12是支撑架。
具体实施方式
一用户需材质为316L-Q345,尺寸为(4+18)*1750*6900复合板共18 张。采用双立爆炸焊接方法,不仅节省了2/3炸药,而且提高了生产效率。此双立爆炸综合防护结构防护板的长度为8米,厚度为50毫米,高度为2 米,每次爆炸焊接防护结构基本处于完好状态,防护板有微量的偏移,下次爆炸时,进行适当的调整即可。

Claims (1)

1.双立爆炸焊接刚性和柔性综合防护装置,其特征指的是采用刚性防护板结构、外侧柔性防护墙和内侧柔性防护材料相结合的综合防护装置,主要由刚性防护板结构A、刚性防护板结构B、外侧柔性防护墙A、外侧柔性防护墙B、内侧柔性防护材料A、内侧柔性防护材料B以及支撑架组成;刚性防护板结构厚度应大于50mm,防护板结构长度大于或等于复合板长度,防护板结构高度大于或等于复合板宽度;外侧柔性防护墙A和B采用沙子装袋并堆砌而成,其长度和高度与防护板结构相当,宽度在1米以上;内侧柔性防护材料A和B主要起到保护基复板表面的作用;综合防护装置具有很好的防护效果,刚性防护板结构基本无变形损坏,且无大的位移,外侧柔性防护墙可长期重复使用。
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