CN105234412B - A kind of preparation method of POWDER METALLURGY ALUMINIUM ALLOYS phaser rotor - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of POWDER METALLURGY ALUMINIUM ALLOYS phaser rotor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of preparation method of POWDER METALLURGY ALUMINIUM ALLOYS phaser rotor, step：Aluminium powder, high alloy female powder, copper powder, nickel powder and organic lubricant are mixed by following mass ratios：Copper 1.8~3.0%, magnesium 1.0~2.0%, iron 1.0~1.5%；Nickel 0.8~2.0%, silicon 0.1~0.5%, organic lubricant：0.8~1.5%, the inevitable impurity no more than 2%, surplus is aluminium；It is compressing to obtain powder metallurgy green compact, then sinter, solution hardening processing, finishing is pressed again, Ageing Treatment finally carries out turnery processing to rotor, reaches final size requirement.The present invention is compared with the rotor of sintered steel material, and suppression performance is good, and faster, pressing cost is reduced speed；The temperature of sintered aluminum alloy is far below energy consumption in sintered steel, sintering process and reduced, and the processing characteristics of powder metallurgy aluminium rotor is more preferable, and surfacecti proteon processing need not be carried out in transport and storing process；Compared with die casting or extruding aluminium alloy rotor, powder metallurgy is a kind of technology of near-net-shape, and raw material of aluminum alloy utilization rate is high, and production efficiency is high, and production cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to powder metallurgical technology, specifically a kind of preparation side of POWDER METALLURGY ALUMINIUM ALLOYS phaser rotor
Method, applied to variable valve timing system of engine.
Background technology
VVT can optimize valve characteristic parameter, improve engine inlet and outlet performance, preferably meet engine
In high rotating speed and the slow-speed of revolution, big load and Smaller load, the requirement of dynamic property, economy, waste gas discharge, overall to improve engine
Combination property.Classify by structure type, hydraulic continuous variable phase device can substantially be divided into vane type and the major class of plunger type two.Blade
Formula continuous variable cam phaser system acts on blade by internal oil pressure deflects it, realizes the stepless-adjustment at phase angle
Section, under identical circumstances, has in terms of phase adjustment range and response speed and is significantly lifted, and in starting, idling etc.
Locking system also fully ensured the reliability of system, obtain engine performance has bigger change compared to other phasers
It is kind.The critical piece of vane type cam phaser is made up of stator and rotor, and stator is fixedly connected with travelling gear, and the latter passes through
Axial centre bolt is connected with camshaft torque resistant, wherein, rotor is constituted as impeller.
At present in VVT industry, vane type phaser rotor generally uses sintered steel or die casting, extruding
Aluminium alloy is manufactured.Steel rotor consistency is sintered about 90%, there is the hole of connection, it may occur however that oil leakage, during finishing
It is costly, it is heavier.With the requirement of automotive light weight technology, aluminium alloy phaser rotor is occurred in that, version is die casting or squeezed
Machined after die mould material, processing capacity is big, and high processing costs, stock utilization is low, due to the limitation of manufacture method, material composition phase
To fixation, alloying element can not arbitrarily change, it is impossible to product of the manufacture containing high silicon content or containing silicon-carbide particle.Die casting
In the presence of some inherent shortcomings, such as：In casting, the temperature of liquation front end is too low, output vestige (cold line) when being stacked；Easily production
The defects such as angry hole, shrinkage cavity, microscopic structure is uneven, and surface microstructure is thinner, center portion coarse grains, has a strong impact on the mechanics of part
Performance；Most of pack alloys can not be heat-treated, so intensity is not high.Crimp aluminium-alloy rotor is thermally processable strong
Change, mechanical property is higher, but complex manufacturing, for complex-shaped and high required precision product, it is necessary to carry out substantial amounts of
Machining, production cost is high.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide that a kind of technique is simple, production efficiency is high, low cost powder smelting
The preparation method of golden aluminium alloy phaser rotor, can be adapted to batch production, obtained powder metallurgy phaser rotor with compared with
Good mechanical property.
The present invention solve the technical scheme that is used of above-mentioned technical problem for：A kind of POWDER METALLURGY ALUMINIUM ALLOYS phaser rotor
Preparation method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps successively：
1) by aluminium powder, Al-Mg alloys female powder, Al-Si alloys female powder, Al-Fe alloys female powder, copper powder, nickel powder and organic profit
Lubrication prescription is mixed into mixed powder by following mass ratios so that weight/mass percentage composition of each element in total component be：Copper 1.8~
3.0%, magnesium 1.0~2.0%, iron 1.0~1.5%；Nickel 0.8~2.0%, silicon 0.1~0.5%, organic lubricant：0.8~
1.5%, the inevitable impurity no more than 2%, surplus is aluminium；
2) powder metallurgy green compact are obtained using mould is compressing, 150~650MPa of forming pressure, shaping density 2.20~
2.75g/cm3；
3) powder metallurgy green compact are placed in sintering furnace and be sintered, sintering temperature is 530~635 DEG C, sintering time 30
~90 minutes, sintered blank density was more than 2.60g/cm3；
4) sandblasting deburring is carried out to sintered blank；
5) then to sintered blank carry out solution treatment, 450~560 DEG C of solid solubility temperature, solid solution 30~60min of soaking time,
Quenching；
6) sintered blank after Quenching Treatment is pressed into finishing again, presses finishing deflection to be not less than 15% again；
7) Ageing Treatment is carried out to part, aging temp is 195~205 DEG C, aging time 50~500 minutes；
8) turnery processing finally is carried out to rotor, reaches final size requirement.
Preferably, the step 1) organic lubricant be wax class or acid amides series lubricant agent.
Preferably, the step 2) aluminium powder use high-purity atomizing aluminium powder, oxygen content is less than 0.3 in the atomizing aluminium powder
(wt) %, suppression performance is more than 2.60g/cm under 250MPa3, apparent density is more than 1.05g/cm3, 25~30s/50g of flow velocity,
Particle mean size is between 150 ± 10 μm.
Preferably, the step 2) Al-Mg alloy female powders in Mg contents be 49~51 (wt) %, oxygen content is less than
0.2 (wt) %, particle mean size is 5~8 μm；Si contents are 18~38 (wt) % in Al-Si alloy female powders, and oxygen content is less than 0.2
(wt) %, particle mean size is 10~15 μm；Fe contents are 9~11 (wt) % in Al-Fe alloyed powders, and oxygen content is less than 0.2
(wt) %, particle mean size is 10~15 μm, and copper powder is electrolytic copper powder, and copper content >=99.9 (wt) %, particle mean size is 8~10 μ
m；Nickel powder is carbonyl nickel powder, and nickel content >=99.9 (wt) %, Pingdu granularity is 3.0~5.5 μm.
Preferably, the step 3) mould use hard alloy former and high-speed steel stamping, forming pressure be 450~
600MPa, shaping density is more than 2.50g/cm3。
As improvement, the step 4) sintering carried out under protective atmosphere, protective atmosphere is High Purity Nitrogen, and oxygen content is less than
10PPM, dew point is less than -40 DEG C, and sintering temperature is 580~605 DEG C, and sintering furnace is meshbeltfurnace.
Improving again, the step 4) abrasive material that uses of sandblasting is alumina particle or steel sand, and particle size is less than 200 μm,
Blast time is more than 30 seconds.
Further preferably, the step 5) solid solubility temperature be 450~560 DEG C, hardening media is water, quenching shift time≤
10s。
Further preferably, the step 6) multiple pressure finishing need to after solid solution-Quenching Treatment in 4 hours carry out, again press finishing exist
On shaping press, full shaping is carried out in shaping mould.
Further preferably, the step 7) Ageing Treatment need to be carried out after multiple pressure finishing in 2 hours, the time of Ageing Treatment is
3~8h.
Compared with prior art, the advantage of the invention is that：High there is provided a kind of stock utilization, production cost is low, fits
Together in the aluminium-alloy rotor production method of production in enormous quantities, compared with the rotor of sintered steel material, Al alloy powder suppression performance is good,
Required pressure is only the half of iron powder during compacting, so allows for compacting tool set with longer service life, pressing speed is more
It hurry up, pressing cost reduction；The temperature of sintered aluminum alloy is far below energy consumption in sintered steel, sintering process and reduced；In sintering process
Only need nitrogen as protective atmosphere, economic benefit is improved；The processing characteristics of powder metallurgy aluminium rotor is more preferable, including process velocity
Faster, surface roughness is good, and cutter life is long；Surfacecti proteon processing need not be carried out in transport and storing process.With die casting
Or extruding aluminium alloy rotor is compared, powder metallurgy is a kind of technology of near-net-shape, and raw material of aluminum alloy utilization rate is high, production effect
Rate is high, and production cost is low.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic appearance of the POWDER METALLURGY ALUMINIUM ALLOYS phaser rotor of the present invention；
Fig. 2 (a) is pure aluminium powder powder particle shape appearance figure used by the POWDER METALLURGY ALUMINIUM ALLOYS phaser rotor of the present invention；
Fig. 2 (b) is the powder particle pattern of Al-Mg alloyed powders used by the POWDER METALLURGY ALUMINIUM ALLOYS phaser rotor of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 2 (c) is the powder particle pattern of Al-Si alloyed powders used by the POWDER METALLURGY ALUMINIUM ALLOYS phaser rotor of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 2 (d) is the powder particle pattern of Al-Fe alloyed powders used by the POWDER METALLURGY ALUMINIUM ALLOYS phaser rotor of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 2 (e) is the powder particle shape appearance figure of electrolytic copper powder used by the POWDER METALLURGY ALUMINIUM ALLOYS phaser rotor of the present invention；
Fig. 2 (f) is the powder particle shape appearance figure of carbonyl nickel powder used by the POWDER METALLURGY ALUMINIUM ALLOYS phaser rotor of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the hole photo after the POWDER METALLURGY ALUMINIUM ALLOYS phaser rotor sintering of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the microstructure picture after the POWDER METALLURGY ALUMINIUM ALLOYS phaser rotor heat treatment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the Fracture scan photo after the POWDER METALLURGY ALUMINIUM ALLOYS phaser rotor heat treatment of the present invention.
Embodiment
According to the features of the present invention, mix designs aluminum bronze magnesium iron nickel system alloy material, element powder are carried out using element powders
End is compressing by mixing rear chamber temperature, is then sintered in meshbeltfurnace, and sintered products carry out solid solution, shaping, timeliness, machine and added again
Work, deburring processing, obtain size and performance are satisfied by the phaser rotor of performance.
Embodiment 1：
1st, by aluminium powder, high alloy female powder (Al-Mg alloys female powder, Al-Si alloys female powder, Al-Fe alloys female powder), copper powder,
Nickel powder and organic lubricant are mixed by following mass ratios so that weight/mass percentage composition of each element in total component be：Copper
2.0%, magnesium 2.0%, iron 1.0%；Nickel 1.8%, silicon 0.25%, wax class lubricant：1.0%, it is inevitable miscellaneous no more than 2%
Matter, surplus is aluminium；Double cone mixer is used during batch mixing, batch mixer rotating speed is 15rpm, mixing time 30min.
2nd, it is compressing under 250MPa pressure in the mould of design to obtain powder by well mixed rotor material powder
Metallurgical aluminium rotor green compact, the shaping density of green compact is 2.60g/cm3。
3rd, compressing powder metallurgy rotor is placed on the guipure of continuous fritting furnace and be sintered.Sintering temperature is
595 DEG C, sintering atmosphere is high pure nitrogen, sintering time 60 minutes, and the sintered density of powder metallurgy rotor is 2.62g/cm3。
4th, sandblasting deburring is carried out after terminating, sand fineness used is less than 200 μm, and blast time is more than 30 seconds.
5th, powder metallurgy rotor carries out solid solution, Quenching Treatment after deburring, and solid solubility temperature is 515 DEG C, solid solution soaking time
For 60min, hardening media is water, quenching shift time≤10s.
6th, the rotor after solid solution-Quenching Treatment was pressed into finishing again in 4 hours, finishing is pressed again on shaping press,
Full shaping, shaping deflection 15% are carried out in shaping mould.The rectifiable powder because of caused by sintering of shaping of aximal deformation value
The deformation of metallurgical rotor, makes part closer to drawing size, while providing deformation for the timeliness of next step, shortens aging time.
7th, the rotor after finishing carried out Ageing Treatment in 2 hours, and aging temp is 195 DEG C, aging time 8h, timeliness
The microscopic structure of rotor is shown in Fig. 4 afterwards, and fracture apperance is shown in Fig. 5, and the mechanical property after heat treatment is as shown in table 1.
8th, by phaser rotor drawing, to the carry out precision turning of rotor.
The mechanical property of the made rotor of embodiment 1 and the rotor performance contrast of pressing method are as shown in table 1：Powder metallurgy
Aluminium phaser rotor room temperature and elevated temperature strength are all superior to the rotor that pressing method is produced, but elongation percentage and hardness are slightly lower.
The mechanical property of the made rotor of 1 embodiment of table 1 is contrasted with the rotor performance of pressing method
Embodiment 2：
1st, by aluminium powder, high alloy female powder (Al-Mg alloys female powder, Al-Si alloys female powder, Al-Fe alloys female powder), copper powder,
Nickel powder and organic lubricant are mixed by following mass ratios so that weight/mass percentage composition of each element in total component be：Copper
3.0%, magnesium 1.8%, iron 1.2%；Nickel 2.0%, silicon 0.50%, wax class lubricant：1.0%, it is inevitable miscellaneous no more than 2%
Matter, surplus is aluminium；Double cone mixer is used during batch mixing, batch mixer rotating speed is 15rpm, mixing time 30min.
2nd, it is compressing under 400MPa pressure in the mould of design to obtain powder by well mixed rotor material powder
Metallurgical aluminium rotor green compact, the shaping density of green compact is 2.65g/cm3。
3rd, compressing powder metallurgy rotor is placed on the guipure of continuous fritting furnace and be sintered.Sintering temperature is
600 DEG C, sintering atmosphere is high pure nitrogen, sintering time 60 minutes, and the sintered density of powder metallurgy rotor is 2.65g/cm3。
4th, sandblasting deburring is carried out after terminating, sand fineness used is less than 200 μm, and blast time is more than 30 seconds.
5th, powder metallurgy rotor carries out solid solution, Quenching Treatment after deburring, and solid solubility temperature is 520 DEG C, solid solution soaking time
For 60min, hardening media is water, quenching shift time≤10s.
6th, the rotor after solid solution-Quenching Treatment was pressed into finishing again in 4 hours, finishing is pressed again on shaping press,
Full shaping, shaping deflection 15% are carried out in shaping mould.
7th, the rotor after finishing carried out Ageing Treatment in 2 hours, and aging temp is 195 DEG C, aging time 8h.
8th, by phaser rotor drawing, to the carry out precision turning of rotor.
Embodiment 3：
1st, by aluminium powder, high alloy female powder (Al-Mg alloys female powder, Al-Si alloys female powder, Al-Fe alloys female powder), copper powder,
Nickel powder and organic lubricant are mixed by following mass ratios so that weight/mass percentage composition of each element in total component be：Copper
3.0%, magnesium 1.8%, iron 1.2%；Nickel 2.0%, silicon 0.50%, amide-type organic lubricant：1.0%, no more than 2% can not
Impurity is avoided, surplus is aluminium；Double cone mixer is used during batch mixing, batch mixer rotating speed is 15rpm, mixing time 30min.
2nd, it is compressing under 250MPa pressure in the mould of design to obtain powder by well mixed rotor material powder
Metallurgical aluminium rotor green compact, the shaping density of green compact is 2.60g/cm3。
3rd, compressing powder metallurgy rotor is placed on the guipure of continuous fritting furnace and be sintered.Sintering temperature is
595 DEG C, sintering atmosphere is high pure nitrogen, sintering time 90 minutes, and the sintered density of powder metallurgy rotor is 2.65g/cm3。
4th, sandblasting deburring is carried out after terminating, sand fineness used is less than 200 μm, and blast time is more than 30 seconds.
5th, powder metallurgy rotor carries out solid solution, Quenching Treatment after deburring, and solid solubility temperature is 540 DEG C, solid solution soaking time
For 45min, hardening media is water, quenching shift time≤10s.
6th, the rotor after solid solution-Quenching Treatment was pressed into finishing again in 4 hours, finishing is pressed again on shaping press,
Full shaping, shaping deflection 15% are carried out in shaping mould.The rectifiable powder because of caused by sintering of shaping of aximal deformation value
The deformation of metallurgical rotor, makes part closer to drawing size, while providing deformation for the timeliness of next step, shortens aging time.
7th, the rotor after finishing carried out Ageing Treatment in 2 hours, and aging temp is 200 DEG C, aging time 8h.
8th, by phaser rotor drawing, to the carry out precision turning of rotor.
Embodiment 4：
1st, by aluminium powder, high alloy female powder (Al-Mg alloys female powder, Al-Si alloys female powder, Al-Fe alloys female powder), copper powder,
Nickel powder and organic lubricant are mixed by following mass ratios so that weight/mass percentage composition of each element in total component be：Copper
1.8%, magnesium 2.0%, iron 1.0%；Nickel 1.5%, silicon 0.50%, amide-type organic lubricant：1.0%, no more than 2% can not
Impurity is avoided, surplus is aluminium；Double cone mixer is used during batch mixing, batch mixer rotating speed is 15rpm, mixing time 30min.
2nd, it is compressing under 250MPa pressure in the mould of design to obtain powder by well mixed rotor material powder
Metallurgical aluminium rotor green compact, the shaping density of green compact is 2.60g/cm3。
3rd, compressing powder metallurgy rotor is placed on the guipure of continuous fritting furnace and be sintered.Sintering temperature is
595 DEG C, sintering atmosphere is high pure nitrogen, sintering time 90 minutes, and the sintered density of powder metallurgy rotor is 2.65g/cm3。
4th, sandblasting deburring is carried out after terminating, sand fineness used is less than 200 μm, and blast time is more than 30 seconds.
5th, powder metallurgy rotor carries out solid solution, Quenching Treatment after deburring, and solid solubility temperature is 540 DEG C, solid solution soaking time
For 45min, hardening media is water, quenching shift time≤10s.
6th, the rotor after solid solution-Quenching Treatment was pressed into finishing again in 4 hours, finishing is pressed again on shaping press,
Full shaping, shaping deflection 25% are carried out in shaping mould.
7th, the rotor after finishing carried out Ageing Treatment in 2 hours, and aging temp is 195 DEG C, aging time 6h.
8th, by phaser rotor drawing, to the carry out precision turning of rotor.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of POWDER METALLURGY ALUMINIUM ALLOYS phaser rotor, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps successively：
1) by aluminium powder, Al-Mg alloys female powder, Al-Si alloys female powder, Al-Fe alloys female powder, copper powder, nickel powder and organic lubricant
Mixed powder is mixed into by following mass ratios so that weight/mass percentage composition of each element in total component be：2.0% ＜ copper≤
3.0%, 1.0% ＜ magnesium≤2.0%, 1.0% ＜ iron≤1.5%；Nickel 0.8~2.0%, 0.25%≤silicon≤0.5%, You Jirun
Lubrication prescription：0.8~1.5%, the inevitable impurity no more than 2%, surplus is aluminium；
2) powder metallurgy green compact are obtained using mould is compressing, 250MPa≤forming pressure≤400MPa, shaping density 2.6~
2.75g/cm3；
3) powder metallurgy green compact are placed in sintering furnace and be sintered, sintering temperature is 530~635 DEG C, sintering time 30~
90min, sintered blank density is more than 2.60g/cm3；
4) sandblasting deburring is carried out to sintered blank；
5) solution treatment, 515~560 DEG C of solid solubility temperature, solid solution 30~60min of soaking time, quenching are then carried out to sintered blank；
6) sintered blank after Quenching Treatment is pressed into finishing again, presses finishing deflection to be not less than 15% again；
7) Ageing Treatment, 200 DEG C of 195 DEG C≤aging temp ＜, aging time 50~500 minutes are carried out to part；
8) grinding finally is carried out to rotor, reaches final size requirement.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step 1) organic lubricant be wax class or acyl
Amine lubricant.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step 1) aluminium powder use high-purity atomized aluminum
Oxygen content is less than 0.3 (wt) % in powder, the atomizing aluminium powder, and suppression performance is more than 2.60g/cm under 250MPa3, apparent density is big
In 1.05g/cm3, 25~30s/50g of flow velocity, particle mean size is between 150 ± 10 μm.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step 1) Al-Mg alloy female powders in Mg contain
Measure as 49~51 (wt) %, oxygen content is less than 0.2 (wt) %, particle mean size is 5~8 μm；Si contents are in Al-Si alloy female powders
36~38 (wt) %, oxygen content is less than 0.2 (wt) %, and particle mean size is 10~15 μm；In Al-Fe alloyed powders Fe contents be 9~
11 (wt) %, oxygen content is less than 0.2 (wt) %, and particle mean size is 10~15 μm, and copper powder is electrolytic copper powder, copper content >=99.9
(wt) %, particle mean size is 8~10 μm；Nickel powder is carbonyl nickel powder, and nickel content >=99.9 (wt) %, particle mean size is 3.0~5.5
μm。
5. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step 2) mould using hard alloy former and
High-speed steel stamping.
6. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step 3) sintering be to enter under protective atmosphere
OK, protective atmosphere is High Purity Nitrogen, and oxygen content is less than 10PPM, and dew point is less than -40 DEG C, and sintering temperature is 580~605 DEG C, sintering furnace
For meshbeltfurnace.
7. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step 4) abrasive material that uses of sandblasting is aluminum oxide
Particle or steel sand, particle size are less than 200 μm, and blast time is more than 30 seconds.
8. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step 5) hardening media be water, quenching turn
Shift time≤10s.
9. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step 6) multiple pressure finishing need to be in solid solution-quench
Carried out after fire processing in 4 hours, press finishing on shaping press again, full shaping is carried out in shaping mould.
10. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step 7) Ageing Treatment need to it is multiple pressure essence
Carried out after whole in 2 hours, the time of Ageing Treatment is 3~8h.
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| DE10203283C5 (en) * | 2002-01-29 | 2009-07-16 | Gkn Sinter Metals Gmbh | Method for producing sintered components from a sinterable material and sintered component |
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