CN105207260B - Angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation - Google Patents

Angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105207260B
CN105207260B CN201510603787.5A CN201510603787A CN105207260B CN 105207260 B CN105207260 B CN 105207260B CN 201510603787 A CN201510603787 A CN 201510603787A CN 105207260 B CN105207260 B CN 105207260B
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power
square formation
tandem photovoltaic
photovoltaic square
output
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CN105207260A (en
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王哲
许洪华
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Beijing Corona Science and Technology Co Ltd
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Beijing Corona Science and Technology Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

Abstract

A kind of angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation forms angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation by three single phase ac tandem photovoltaic square formations by angle-style connection.Single phase ac tandem photovoltaic square formation is composed in series by m platform tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating devices, and m is >=1 integer.Form the three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation of angle-style connection exchanges tandem photovoltaic square formation two ends the first energy-storage battery group of corresponding access, the second energy-storage battery group, third energy-storage battery group respectively per phase；Three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation output terminal is connect with the input terminal of the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type；The output terminal of the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type is connect with grid entry point power grid three-phase alternating-current supply.Angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation coordinates three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation Differential Output under the grid-connected balance controller control of star-angle type.

Description

Angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of solar photovoltaic generation systems.
Background technology
Photovoltaic plant develops rapidly under the national policy at present, and photovoltaic arrays are the important sets of photovoltaic generating system One of into.The square formation amount of capacity being made of photovoltaic string formation connection in series-parallel directly affects the generated energy of system.Photovoltaic string formation is by several Block photovoltaic module is composed in series, and component is the minimum unit of string formation.Most 22 pieces of tandem photovoltaic component count, the quantity master of series connection To depend on the pressure resistance that component is born.String formation voltage≤1000V power maximum≤7kWp after component series connection both at home and abroad at present.For Power generation work(amount is improved, adopts two ways both at home and abroad at present：First, compose in parallel square formation increase output in parallel with a large amount of photovoltaic string formations Electric current improves square formation power output in parallel, is exported being exchanged through inverter inversion, and the method is also referred to as centralization or parallel Structure, as shown in Figure 5.Second is that string formation type photovoltaic generating system as shown in Figure 6, it, will be multigroup using a kind of string formation type inverter String formation is directly inputted in string formation type inverter, realizes the independent MPPT MPPT maximum power point trackings of each photovoltaic string formation first, later It exchanges and exports in parallel inverter, this type power, small volume are easy for installation.To further increase power again by more string formations Type inverter is in parallel by exchange confluence cabinet.It is substantially all parallel connection between string formation to two types, voltage is low≤1000V, electricity Stream is big, cable machinery loss is big, converging equipment is more, number of cables is more, and inverter is current mode topological structure, power attenuation Greatly.It is centralized or parallel, it is required that string formation performance parameter is close, and it can not realize string formation independence maximum power point (MPPT) certainly Motion tracking makes power loss, and needs the inverter room installation of relative size and mating related facility, makes construction cost and pipe Cost is managed to improve.Distributed roof power station area is limited, is taken to meet to must take into consideration when each string formation voltage is equal to install string formation House, causes limited area loss.String type inverter uses 28kW string types since grid-connected quantity is more by taking 10MW power stations as an example Inverter then has 357 inverter parallels, easily system is caused to be shaken, and special grid entry point is in the tail end light current net of bulk power grid During with far from load, since concussion causes off-grid.The off-grid of large area causes nearly ten million loss to owner.
Further more, being limited by the parallel-connection structure of photovoltaic string formation, make every optical crosstalk volt string formation Parallel opertation voltage according to grid-connected voltage Grade and improve, could meet inverter input start voltage primary condition, such as in 380v ac grid systems, photovoltaic group String output DC voltage ＞It could meet and start inverter basic operating conditions, startup voltage height, which obtains electricity, to be had Limit.
It is equally limited by the parallel-connection structure input direct-current voltage ＜ 1000v of photovoltaic string formation, it is defeated inverter ac can only to be met It is grid-connected to go out voltage≤400v hierarchical system transless, grid-connected must then boost through transformer of higher voltage grade exports.
Thus multigroup string formation is improved output voltage drop low transmission electric current in series connection increases power, meets greater degree without change Depressor is grid-connected, be utilized photovoltaic string formation more low-voltage output energy, reduce cable and converging equipment quantity, reduces energy storage DC/ AC conversion equipments volume uses natural cooling, installs nearby, realize reduction circuit, traditional concentrated inverter is broken the whole up into parts, Cable, converging equipment, transformer and inverter control room cost are reduced, improves photovoltaic string formation generating efficiency, is adapted to distributed, big The demand of type photovoltaic plant and following middle and high voltage direct current transmission.
The output of photovoltaic system boosting at present substantially there are four types of mode, one for photovoltaic string formation (square formation in parallel) in parallel through confluence, The boosting output of inverter ac transformer, it is mostly centralized；Two converge through inverter ac again through transformation for the parallel connection of photovoltaic string formation Device boosting output, mostly string type；Three be to lie prostrate string formation (square formation in parallel) in parallel to export through boosting limited DC/DC through converging.Its Substantive still to improve photovoltaic arrays output power using (parallel square formation) in parallel between a large amount of string formations, shortcoming is removed circuit, is set Except standby loss is big, step-up transformer boosting output is also needed to when relatively high pressure is exchanged and exported；Four be tandem direct current photovoltaic Photovoltaic string formation and photovoltaic string formation are carried out high_voltage isolation, and be isolated by photovoltaic string formation and filled by square formation using photovoltaic string formation isolating device Output dc power is put, then several photovoltaic string formation isolating device positive-negative output ends are sequentially connected in series tandem direct current photovoltaic Square formation, tandem direct current photovoltaic arrays output high voltage direct current provides high-voltage inverter input direct-current voltage, by high-voltage inverter Conversion exchanges grid-connected output.Since tandem direct current photovoltaic arrays are using direct current output, then there is following deficiencies：
1. rectifier output loss：During each photovoltaic string formation isolating device AC/DC conversion outputs, using high-voltage rectifying electricity Road due to the forward conduction voltage drop of rectification diode, causes output power to increase loss on high-voltage rectifying diode.Such as Rectification diode forward conduction voltage drop is 1V, flows through electric current for 50A, then loss is 50W on a high-voltage rectifying diode, is such as adopted It is 100W to be then lost with full-bridge rectification.As photovoltaic DC square formation capacity be 1MW, DC voltage level be ± 10kV, output current For 50A, if desired for photovoltaic string formation isolating device 50, then the total rectifier loss=100W*50 of tandem direct current photovoltaic arrays Platform=5000W accounts for the 5KW/1000KW=0.5% of output power；
2. since tandem direct current photovoltaic arrays are using direct current output, if exchange output is grid-connected, high direct voltage is needed to input Inverter conversion exchange output is grid-connected.
Invention content
The present invention seeks to which existing parallel photovoltaic string formation gird-connected inverter is overcome to take up a large area, inverter output voltage it is low Electric current is big, causes transmission line, corollary equipment that the shortcomings of serious, of high cost is lost, proposes a kind of angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem Photovoltaic arrays.
Angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation of the present invention is by three single phase ac tandem photovoltaic square formations, three groups of energy storage Battery pack and the grid-connected balance controller composition of star-angle type.Three single phase ac tandem photovoltaic square formation angle-style connections, form angle Type three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation, it is corresponding with three respectively at three tie points of angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation The group connection of group energy-storage battery.Angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation exports balance controller input grid-connected with star-angle type and connects It connects, the output terminal of the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type is connect with grid entry point power grid three-phase alternating-current supply.In the grid-connected balance of star-angle type Under controller control, coordinate angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation Differential Output.
The single phase ac tandem photovoltaic square formation is adjusted by m platform tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolations AC power and filled It puts and is composed in series, m is >=1 integer.
In the single phase ac tandem photovoltaic square formation, the 1st tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power tune The output tail end of regulating device is connect with the output head end of the 2nd tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device, 2nd tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device output tail end and the 3rd tandem photovoltaic square formation high pressure The output head end connection of AC power regulating device is isolated, and so on, m-1 platform tandem photovoltaic square formations high_voltage isolation exchange work( Rate regulating device exports tail end and is connect with m platform tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC powers regulating device output head end, Form single phase ac tandem photovoltaic square formation.What the 1st tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device exported First output terminal of the head end for single phase ac tandem photovoltaic square formation, m platform tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power tune Regulating device output tail end is the tail output terminal of single phase ac tandem photovoltaic square formation.Every tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation is handed over Flow the output terminal of the input terminal connection photovoltaic string formation of PCU Power Conditioning Unit.The wherein head and tail of single phase ac tandem photovoltaic square formation Correspondence is connect output terminal with two groups of energy-storage battery groups respectively.
In angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation, the tail output terminal that A phases exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation exchanges string with B phases The first output terminal connection of connection formula photovoltaic arrays, and connect with the first energy-storage battery group, tie point Uab；B phases exchange tandem photovoltaic The first output terminal that the tail output terminal of square formation exchanges tandem photovoltaic square formation with C phases is connect, and is connect with the second energy-storage battery group, even Contact is Ubc；C phases exchange the tail output terminal of tandem photovoltaic square formation and A phases exchange the first output terminal of tandem photovoltaic square formation and connect, And it is connect with third energy-storage battery group, tie point Uca；Per mutually exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation head output terminals and tail output terminal end Two energy-storage battery groups are connected respectively.The grid-connected balance controller input of star-angle type and angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation Three tie points Uab, Ubc are connected with Uca, and Uab, Ubc and Uca are also the three intersecting of angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation Stream output, output voltage values are respectively Vab, Vbc, Vca.
Consider that the power generation of photovoltaic string formation is vulnerable to the influence of cloud, output-power fluctuation is larger, and the present invention is intersecting using angle-style three Commonly connected, the characteristics of current potential is equal between the three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation of tandem photovoltaic square formation is flowed, at three Commonly connected place is connected respectively three groups of energy-storage battery groups, and tandem photovoltaic square formation is exchanged to energy-storage battery group by every phase Charge and discharge control ensures that angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation output power is stablized relatively.
The grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type is controlled by synchronization AC contactor, breaker, current/voltage sensor and PLC Device forms.The output terminal of the breaker is also that the output terminal of the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type and grid entry point three phase mains connect It connects；Input terminal and the current sensor series connection of breaker, and it is in parallel with voltage sensor, the input of synchronization AC contactor；It is grid-connected A.C. contactor input terminal is also the input terminal of the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type and angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation Output-parallel.The output terminal of angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation passes through synchronization AC contactor, current sensor, disconnected Road device is connect with grid entry point power grid three phase mains.
The PLC controller includes logic analysis control module, time-sequence control module, simulation control module, multimachine and leads to Believe module, input control module and output control module.Correspondence is connected with three-phase alternating current respectively for multi-computer communication module communication port Tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device of the formula photovoltaic arrays per phase connects, and is connected to controller module Communicating circuit input/output port, multi-computer communication module and tandem photovoltaic of the angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation per phase Square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device real-time, interactive data, PLC controller calculates analysis according to control strategy, and provides Phase, synchronization time and output power data；
Time-sequence control module synchronism output port corresponds to the string with angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation per phase respectively Connection formula photovoltaic arrays high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device connects, and is connected to the synchronous circuit input terminal of controller module. PLC controller is by being angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation during time-sequence control module synchronous output end cause for gossip per in phase Tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device provides synchronization zero-cross point pulse；
Input control module is connect with electric current, voltage sensor data output end, real time monitoring network voltage, electric current and frequency Rate changes, and the data information for detecting grid entry point three phase mains is carried out analysis calculating through logic analysis control module, by more Machine communication module provides angle-style per mutually exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation phase and data information, passes through time-sequence control module output angle Type is per the zero crossing synchronizing signal for mutually exchanging tandem photovoltaic square formation.
Output control module is connect with synchronization AC contactor control terminal, controls the break-make of synchronization AC contactor.
The tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device of single phase ac tandem photovoltaic square formation is formed by n A maximal power tracing module, energy storage DC/AC modular converters, controller module, power module and exchange isolation output module group Into n is >=1 integer.
The output terminal of the photovoltaic string formation and maximum in tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device The input terminal connection of power tracking module, through the maximal power tracing module to photovoltaic string formation MPPT maximal power tracing output works Rate；The output terminal of n maximal power tracing module is in parallel, it is in parallel after n maximal power tracing module output terminal again respectively with Energy storage DC/AC modular converters, power module input terminal are in parallel；N maximal power tracing module provides energy storage DC/AC moduluss of conversion Block, power module power supply；Wherein the power input of the output of power module and controller module connects, and provides controller module Working power；The sampling input terminal of controller module and control output end respectively with n maximal power tracing module and storage It can the connection of DC/AC modular converters；Output module input is isolated with exchange and connects for the output terminal of energy storage DC/AC modular converters, exchange The output of isolation output module is connected with adjacent tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device output；Energy storage DC/AC modular converters are connect with energy-storage battery group.
The maximal power tracing module is passed by energy storage inductor, storage capacitor, power switch, fly-wheel diode, electric current Sensor and confluence busbar composition.
The positive output end of each optical crosstalk volt string formation is connect with the positive-negative input end of maximal power tracing module, maximum power with One end of the positive input terminal of track module and energy storage inductor connects, and the other end of energy storage inductor is respectively with the anode of power switch and continuing Diode cathode connection is flowed, the positive input terminal of the cathode of fly-wheel diode respectively with storage capacitor anode, current sensor is connect； The negative input end of current sensor is connect with confluence busbar anode, and the negative input end of photovoltaic string formation is negative with power switch respectively End, storage capacitor cathode, the negative terminal connection of confluence busbar, the positive and negative end for the busbar that converges also is the positive and negative of maximal power tracing module Output terminal；The control terminal of power switch and controller light are connected every the corresponding output terminal of circuit.
The energy storage DC/AC modular converters are passed by energy storage control circuit, H bridges power driving circuit, confluence busbar voltage Sensor, phase monitor voltage sensor and protective relay composition.The input terminal of H bridge power driving circuits controls respectively with energy storage Circuit, confluence busbar voltage sensor are in parallel on confluence busbar；H bridge power driving circuits output terminal respectively with protective relay Make and break contact both ends, phase monitor voltage sensor, the input terminal winding parallel for exchanging isolation output module.
When angle-style three-phase energy complement AC series formula photovoltaic arrays work normally, when certain tandem photovoltaic square formation high pressure When isolation AC power regulating device does not have power output or breaks down, to ensure angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation Normal work, H bridge power driving circuit output terminals make transformer input internal resistance r=0 through the short circuit of protective relay normally closed contact Ω, according to transformer principle, output impedance R=B2R, wherein B are transformer voltage ratio, and r is transformer input impedance, is thus exported Impedance R=0 Ω do not interfere with angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation normal work.
The H electrical bridge rate driving circuit is by phase monitor voltage sensor, 4 power switch pipes and 4 two poles of afterflow Pipe forms, and there are one control signal, a power input and a power take-offs for every power switch pipe.Every power One fly-wheel diode of input terminal and output terminal reverse parallel connection of switching tube；Every 2 power switch pipes series connection, forms 2 groups of H bridge arms Circuit.In every group of H bridge arm circuit, the input terminal of a power switch tube power and the output terminal string of another power switch pipe Connection, tie point are the power take-off of H bridge arm circuits；The both ends of 2 groups of H bridge arm circuits are respectively the positive input terminal of H bridge arm circuits And negative input end；2 groups of H bridge arm circuits compose in parallel H bridge power driving circuits, the anode and negative terminal of the H bridge arm circuits after parallel connection It is also the anode and negative terminal of H bridge power driving circuits, the power take-off of 2 groups of H bridge arm circuits is also the 2 of H bridge rate driving circuits A power take-off, the control signal of 4 power switch pipes is also 4 control signals of H bridge power driving circuits.
The energy storage control circuit is made of a power switch pipe and charging and discharging currents detection sensor.Power switch One end of pipe is by the charging and discharging currents detection sensor of series connection and the input positive terminal of H bridge power driving circuits and converges busbar just Pole connects, and the other end of power switch pipe is the energy-storage battery group charge and discharge incoming end of energy storage control circuit, and with one group of energy storage Battery anode connects；Energy-storage battery group cathode is connect with confluence busbar cathode；Power switch pipe control terminal is also energy storage control The control terminal of circuit, and connect with controller module light every driving circuit.
The controller module is by CPU, A/D sample circuit, light every circuit, synchronous circuit and two-way communication circuit group Into.Corresponding and each maximal power tracing module current sensor, the energy storage respectively of the input terminal of the A/D sample circuits DC/AC modular converters charging and discharging currents detection current sensor output terminal connection, while also respectively with energy storage DC/AC moduluss of conversion The phase monitor voltage sensor connection of the confluence busbar, H bridge power driving circuits of block, wherein there are one A/D sample circuits Input port is energy-storage battery group voltage sensor test side.The light is every CPU in the input terminal and controller module of circuit I/O ports connect, light every circuit output terminal respectively with the power switch control signal of each maximal power tracing module, H 4 control signals of bridge power driving circuit and the control signal of the control switching tube of protective relay circuit and energy storage electricity Road control terminal connection；The PORT COM connection of CPU in one end of two-way communication circuit and controller module, two-way communication circuit The other end is also the PORT COM of tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device, by optical fiber or wirelessly and star Multi computer communication module port connection in the grid-connected balance controller PLC of angle-style, real-time exchange data；One end of synchronous circuit and control The I/O ports connection of CPU in device module processed, the other end of synchronous circuit is also tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power The synchronous input end mouth of regulating device, by optical fiber or wirelessly with the timing control mould in the grid-connected balance controller PLC of star-angle type Block output terminal connects, and realizes and is adjusted per the tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power in mutually exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation Device output is synchronous with the phase power grid zero crossing.When the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type judges to allow m tandem photovoltaic square formation When high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device accesses power grid, the grid-connected balance controller control synchronization AC contactor work of star-angle type Make, power grid passes through breaker, current/voltage sensor and synchronization AC contactor contact and angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic Square formation connects, m tandem light of each single phase ac tandem photovoltaic square formation in angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation Volt square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device output terminal divides network voltage, and passes through exchange isolation output module high pressure Isolating transformer reversely by corresponding angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation per mutually exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation phase, Frequency, voltage are coupled to the input winding terminal of exchange isolation output module, tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power tune The controller module of regulating device reads phase, frequency and information of voltage by phase monitor voltage sensor and star-angle type is grid-connected flat Weigh the zero crossing synchronizing signal that controller provides, and this information data is passed back to star angle by two-way communication circuit PORT COM In the grid-connected balance controller multi computer communication module port of type.The grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type is according to this three-phase alternating current tandem light Phase, frequency, voltage data and the synchronizing information of square formation are lied prostrate, respectively the port by multi computer communication module and time-sequence control module Port it is corresponding to tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device send control data and lock-out pulse believe Number, the controller module of tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device is believed according to this data and lock-out pulse Number, control H electrical bridge power driving circuit is through exchange isolation output module exchange output.
The power module is made of DC/DC power supplys, arrester and protective relay circuit.The input of DC/DC power supplys End is in parallel with the both ends of arrester, and protection tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device electric appliance avoids being struck by lightning. The output terminal of DC/DC power supplys is in parallel with the input terminal of protective relay circuit；The protective relay electricity routing relay and Control switching tube composition；The power input of control switching tube is also the negative input end of protective relay circuit, controls switching tube Power take-off connect with relay one end, the other end of relay is the positive input terminal of protective relay circuit, and control is opened The control signal for closing pipe is also the control signal of protective relay circuit.
When DC/DC power supplys do not start, protective relay circuit both ends do not have voltage, and protective relay normally closed contact closes It closes, tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device output impedance R=0 Ω.When the output of DC/DC power initiations is straight When galvanic electricity is pressed, protective relay under the control of the controller, is opened and closed, to tandem photovoltaic square formation according to demand control normally closed contact High_voltage isolation AC power regulating device output impedance R=0 Ω or R=B2R Ω are controlled, and r is the work(of exchange isolation output module Rate inputs internal resistance.
Output module is isolated by high voltage isolating transformer, two disconnecting switch and a short switch group in the exchange Into.There are one power input winding and a power output windings, wherein high_voltage isolation transformation for the high voltage isolating transformer The power input winding of device is also the input terminal of exchange isolation output module；The both ends of power output winding are isolated respectively with two The input terminal connection of switch, the output terminal of two disconnecting switch are connect respectively with short switch both ends, and short switch both ends are to hand over The stream isolation output terminal of output module and tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device output terminal, output Voltage is Uac.And high voltage isolating transformer isolation voltage ＞ Uacsmax.Due to the addition of high voltage isolating transformer, make series connection The isolation voltage ＞ Uacsmax of formula photovoltaic arrays high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device.The Uacsmax is also referred to as system Highest alternating voltage.Angle-style three-phase energy complement AC series formula photovoltaic arrays export maximum A phase voltages respectively：Uasmax= Ua1max+Ua2max+Ua3max ... ,+Uammax；B phase voltages：Ubsmax=Ub1max+Ub2max+Ub3max ... ,+ Ubmmax；C phase voltages：Ucsmax=Uc1max+Uc2max+Uc3max ... ,+Ucmmax；Uammax, Ubmmax, Ucmmax are M-th of tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device exports maximum voltage value.M is >=1 integer.
The both ends of the high voltage isolating transformer power input winding and H bridge power drives in energy storage DC/AC modular converters Circuit power output terminal connects, and energy storage DC/AC modular converters are by the output power of n maximal power tracing module through power input Winding coupled exports AC power to power output winding.
H bridges power driving circuit in tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device corresponds to output angle-style The phase of three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation, frequency, power, the high voltage isolating transformer through exchange isolation output module couple Output, and export AC power through two disconnecting switch, short switch.In open-circuit condition when short switch is normal, when a certain Tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device is safeguarded or is replaced, and exits angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic side During battle array, not influence angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation normal work, short switch is closed.Three groups of energy storage When battery pack is connect respectively with angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation, wherein the in phase exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation M tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device output tail end and confluence busbar cathode intersect respectively with another Flow the 1st tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device output head end and the confluence in tandem photovoltaic square formation Busbar cathode connects, make the 1st in adjacent two-phase AC series formula photovoltaic arrays and m-th of tandem photovoltaic square formation high pressure every Current potential residing for ion-exchange stream PCU Power Conditioning Unit is equal.It thus can be by adjacent two-phase the 1st and m-th of tandem photovoltaic square formation high pressure The energy-storage battery group charge and discharge incoming end being isolated in AC power regulating device is in parallel, and connects with one group of energy-storage battery group anode It connects.Energy storage DC/AC in adjacent two-phase the 1st and m-th of tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device turns It is in parallel to change the mold block confluence busbar negative terminal, and is connect with energy-storage battery group negative terminal.
Wherein A phases exchange the 1st tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device of tandem photovoltaic square formation In energy-storage battery group charge and discharge incoming end and confluence busbar negative terminal and the positive and negative connection of third energy-storage battery group, m-th of tandem Energy-storage battery group charge and discharge incoming end in photovoltaic arrays high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device and confluence busbar negative terminal and the The one positive and negative connection of energy-storage battery group；Wherein B phases exchange the 1st tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation exchange of tandem photovoltaic square formation Energy-storage battery group charge and discharge incoming end and confluence busbar negative terminal and the first positive and negative connection of energy-storage battery group in PCU Power Conditioning Unit, Energy-storage battery group charge and discharge incoming end and confluence in m-th of tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device is female Arrange negative terminal and the second positive and negative connection of energy-storage battery group；Wherein it is high to exchange the 1st tandem photovoltaic square formation of tandem photovoltaic square formation for C phases Energy-storage battery group charge and discharge incoming end and confluence busbar negative terminal and the second energy-storage battery in pressure isolation AC power regulating device The positive and negative connection of group, the energy-storage battery group charge and discharge in m-th of tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device connect Enter end and confluence busbar negative terminal and the positive and negative connection of third energy-storage battery group.
In the controller of the 1st and m-th tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device of adjacent two-phase The energy-storage battery group voltage sensor test sides of A/D sample circuits put parallel connection, and with energy-storage battery group voltage sensor data Output connection.
The operation principle and the course of work of the present invention is as follows：
Since photovoltaic string formation highest bears voltage<Series connection between photovoltaic string formation is such as bound to cause photovoltaic module electricity by 1000v Punch through damage is pressed, increases a high voltage isolation link between each photovoltaic string formation thus, improves the isolation voltage of photovoltaic string formation Ability.Each photovoltaic string formation is carried out high-voltage electricity by the present invention by tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device Air bound makes the proof voltage ＞ AC systems electricity of each tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device from rear output Uacsmax is pressed, is achieved in the series connection of m tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device.
Since the isolation voltage of tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device improves, m tandem light The output voltage for lying prostrate the series connection of square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device is respectively angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation Phase voltage Uabs, Ubcs, Ucas of output.Uabs, Ubcs, Ucas are the formula photovoltaic arrays high_voltage isolation AC power that is often in series The sum of regulating device output voltage：Uabs=Ua1+Ua2+Ua3+ ... Uam；Ubcs=Ub1+Ub2+Ub3+ ... Ubm；Ucas= Uc1+Uc2+Uc3+…Ucm。
Due to the photovoltaic module parameter error in each tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device or A certain moment irradiation difference or the light string formation quantity of composition are different, make each tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation exchange work( Output voltage Uam, Ubm, Ucm of rate regulating device are possible to different, to ensure that angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation is defeated Go out balance, i.e. Uabs=Ubcs=Ucas=Uacs and Pa=Pb=Pc, the grid-connected balance controller diagonal form three of star-angle type is intersecting Each tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device output coordinating control in tandem photovoltaic square formation is flowed, is made Uabs=Ua1+Ua2+Ua3+ ... Uam, Ubcs=Ub1+Ub2+Ub3+ ... Ubm, Ucas=Uc1+Uc2+Uc3+ ... Ucm simultaneously ensure Ias=Ibs=Ics, wherein Uacs are grid entry point alternating voltage, and Ias, Ibs, Ics are respectively angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem light Square formation output current is lied prostrate, Pa, Pb, Pc are respectively angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation per mutually exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation Output power.
Tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device exists in angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation The course of work under different situations is as follows：
No irradiation level or it is very low when, tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device does not have power supply confession It gives, at this time since protective relay make and break contact is closed, transformer input internal resistance r=0 Ω, according to transformer principle output impedance R=B2R, wherein B are transformer voltage ratio, and r is the power input internal resistance of exchange isolation output module, thus output impedance R=0 Ω, without power output.
When irradiation level gradually increases, exchanged per tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation in tandem photovoltaic square formation is mutually exchanged PCU Power Conditioning Unit input power, which synchronizes, to be increased, and is the maximum in tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device Power tracking module, energy storage DC/AC modular converters, power module provide power supply.When input voltage meets DC/DC in power module When starting voltage, DC/DC output DC voltages make controller work.Controller module initializes, and controls protective relay respectively In circuit switching tube be connected, protective relay is made to work, protective relay normally closed contact disconnect, tandem photovoltaic square formation high pressure every Ion-exchange stream PCU Power Conditioning Unit output impedance R=B2R Ω, r are the power input internal resistance of exchange isolation output module.
In angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation, when every phase exchanges in tandem photovoltaic square formation the 1st and m-th When tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device input voltage meets DC/DC startups voltage in power module, Its controller module puts the corresponding energy-storage battery of detection in real time by the energy-storage battery group voltage sensor test side of A/D sample circuits The voltage sensor data of group, and whether analysis voltage value is less than energy storage DC/AC modular converters confluence busbar voltage sensor electricity Pressure value, when the voltage of energy-storage battery group is less than confluence busbar voltage sensor, controller module control energy storage control circuit pair Energy-storage battery group charges, while controller module monitors energy storage DC/AC modular converter charging and discharging currents detection sensors in real time Current value, when the current value is zero, controller module controls energy storage control circuit to stop charging to energy-storage battery group.
Meanwhile the controller module of tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device is respectively by synchronizing electricity Road and grid-connected with the star-angle type balance controller of two-way communication circuit establish synchronous and communication contact, tandem photovoltaic square formation high pressure every Ion-exchange stream PCU Power Conditioning Unit enters acquiescence working condition.
Default mode of operation：The grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type mutually exchanges tandem photovoltaic in tandem photovoltaic square formation with every Square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device establishes synchronous and communication, and sends synchronizing signal and interaction data in real time, simultaneously Confirm per the number of tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device to work in mutually exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation Amount.When the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type monitors to have been enter into the photovoltaic arrays high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device of work When quantity is met per mutually exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation minimum number Mmin=Uacs/Ummax, the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type In PLC controller control synchronization AC contactor be attracted, make that three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation is grid-connected, and wherein Ummax is Tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device maximum output voltage；Mmin for tandem photovoltaic square formation high pressure every Ion-exchange stream PCU Power Conditioning Unit minimum number.Due to exchanging tandem photovoltaic square formation high pressure in tandem photovoltaic square formation per phase at this time Isolation AC power regulating device does not have power output, output impedance R=B2R Ω, then per mutually exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation Middle tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device output impedance be R1=R2=R3=... Rm, wherein R1, R2, R3 ... Rm is respectively m tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power in phase exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation The output impedance of regulating device.Since m tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device is connected, work as grid entry point When voltage-drop loading is to angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation, the tandem light in every phase exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation is flowed through The electric current for lying prostrate square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device is equal, then has each tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation exchange work( Rate regulating device output terminal partial pressure for Ua1=Ua2=Ua3=... Uam, Uam=Uas/m, Ub1=Ub2=Ub3=... Ubm, Ubm=Ubs/m, Uc1=Uc2=Uc3=... Ucm, Ucm=Ucs/m, the branch pressure voltage through exchange isolation output module high pressure every It is defeated that the phase, frequency, voltage of corresponding angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation are reversely coupled to exchange isolation from transformer Go out the input terminal of module, controller module reads this angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic side by phase monitor voltage sensor Phase, frequency and the information of voltage of battle array, and information is uploaded into the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type.
At this point, the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type according to the phase of this angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation, frequency, Voltage data and synchronizing information send control data to corresponding tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device And synchronization pulse, the controller module of tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device according to this data and Synchronization pulse, control H bridges power driving circuit is through exchange isolation output module exchange output, into operating mode.
Operating mode：
When the controller module of tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device is intersecting according to this angle-style three Flow phase, frequency, voltage data and the synchronization pulse of tandem photovoltaic square formation, during output AC voltage, controller module In CPU the electric current of each maximal power tracing module and confluence busbar voltage, and foundation are acquired by A/D sample circuits respectively MPPT maximal power tracing strategies, by the way that light is controlled to control the power of maximal power tracing module every circuit output pulse signal MPPT maximal power tracings are realized in the opening and closing of switch.
Wherein maximal power tracing module forms BOOST by energy storage inductor, fly-wheel diode, storage capacitor, power switch Circuit, the CPU foundation BOOST circuit operation principles of controller module, by controlling the duty ratio of power switch on and off, Change the energy of energy storage inductor output, exported through fly-wheel diode, to storage capacitor charge or discharge, change the defeated of photovoltaic string formation Go out electric current and voltage, realize to photovoltaic string formation maximal power tracing, and output power is monitored through current sensor.CPU leads at this time Over-current sensor detects the variation of maximal power tracing circuit output current and confluence busbar voltage, and according to this electric current and Voltage data is analyzed, and provides the MPPT maximal power tracings control pulse of future time.
The controller in each tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device samples electricity by A/D at this time Electric current, the voltage of n maximal power tracing module, confluence busbar and energy storage DC/AC modular converters, similary angle-style are detected respectively in road The 1st and m-th of the tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power tune being exchanged per phase in tandem photovoltaic square formation of connection Controller in regulating device detects electric current, the voltage of energy-storage battery group or super capacitor by A/D sample circuits respectively.
And pass through two-way communication circuit and upload the data in the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type through optical fiber or wirelessly, star angle The grid-connected balance controller of type is according to this data and the grid entry point phase of the grid-connected balance controller monitoring of star-angle type, frequency, voltage letter Breath carries out three-phase equilibrium, phase, Synchronization Control analysis calculating and power optimization strategy analysis and calculates, intersecting to corresponding angle-style three Flow the photovoltaic arrays high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device passback control data in tandem photovoltaic square formation.Each photovoltaic arrays Controller in high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device is according to data are received, and CPU is by light every circuit output pwm signal, control Output mould is isolated through exchange in 4 control signal inputs of H bridges power driving circuit processed, the output power of H bridge power driving circuits The high voltage isolating transformer of block inputs winding coupled and exports winding, then be isolated in output module through exchange to high voltage isolating transformer Two disconnecting switch, the corresponding angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation of short switch output phase, frequency, voltage and electricity Stream.In open-circuit condition when short switch is normal, when a certain tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device is tieed up When angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation is exited in shield or replacement, not influence angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation just Often work, by short switch quick-make.
It is specific as follows to the control strategy of angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation of the present invention：
If angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation three phase power is respectively PA, PB, PC, angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem The output power in tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device in photovoltaic arrays be respectively Pa1~Pam, Pb1~Pbm, Pc1~Pcm, m are >=1 integer.Then PA=Pa1+Pa2 ... Pam；PB=Pb1+Pb2 ... Pbm；PC= Pc1+Pc2……Pcm.Then there is angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation general power Pacs=PA+PB+PC；Three-phase electricity flow point Not Wei Ias=PA/Vacs, Ibs=PB/Vacs, Ics=PC/Vacs, wherein Vacs be grid entry point voltage.
1st, synchronization policy：
1) start Strategy For Synchronization Control：When the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type monitors every phase exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation In tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device minimum number Mmin=Uacs/Ummax meet work item During part, the PLC controller control synchronization AC contactor in the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type is attracted, and makes three-phase alternating current tandem Photovoltaic arrays are grid-connected.Tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power tune in every phase three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation at this time Regulating device does not have power output, output impedance R=B2rΩ.When grid entry point voltage-drop loading to angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem light When lying prostrate square formation, then it is Ua1=Ua2=to have each tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device output terminal partial pressure Ua3=... Uam, Ub1=Ub2=Ub3=... Ubm, Uc1=Uc2=Uc3=... Ucm, the branch pressure voltage is through exchange isolation output The phase, frequency, voltage of corresponding angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation are reversely coupled to by module high voltage isolating transformer The input terminal of exchange isolation output module, controller module read this angle-style three-phase alternating current string by phase monitor voltage sensor Phase, frequency and the information of voltage of connection formula photovoltaic arrays, and information is uploaded into the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type.
At this point, the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type according to the phase of this angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation, frequency, Voltage data and synchronizing information send control data to corresponding tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device And synchronization pulse, the controller module of tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device according to this data and Synchronization pulse, control H bridges power driving circuit is through exchange isolation output module exchange output.
2) real-time synchronization control strategy：When angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation works normally, star-angle type is grid-connected Input module in balance controller PLC controller is passed by current sensor, the voltage in the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type When sensor detects phase, frequency, electric current and the voltage data of grid entry point three-phase alternating-current supply respectively, respectively according to per mutually exchange Tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device return data in tandem photovoltaic square formation, various working strategies And calculate the zero crossing time, respectively by PLC controller by multi-computer communication module, time-sequence control module correspondence to every Mutually exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation in tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device send control data and Synchronization pulse.The controller module of tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device is according to this data and together Step pulse signal, control H bridges power driving circuit is through exchange isolation output module exchange output.
2nd, three-phase equilibrium control strategy：
Pattern 1), due to the influence of cloud, part output power of photovoltaic module fluctuates, corresponding with this part photovoltaic module Tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device input power raising or decline, cause angle-style three-phase alternating current string Connection formula photovoltaic arrays disequilibrium.Due in tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device, controller module Detect confluence busbar voltage, each maximal power tracing blocks current and angle-style connection in real time by A/D sample circuits in real time Per in the 1st of mutually exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation and m-th of tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device Energy-storage battery group electric current, voltage, and pass through two-way communication circuit to the grid-connected balance controller interaction data of star-angle type.Star angle The grid-connected balance controller of type is by the data analysis of each tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device of acquisition It calculates, to ensure angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation output balance, adjusts per in mutually exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation Tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device output power size is first ensured that except per mutually exchange tandem light The tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device maximum power lied prostrate other than the 1st and m-th in square formation is defeated Go out, and one or the two-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation that output power is relatively low in three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation, it is insufficient Power by the 1st of the phase and m-th of tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device output power and right The energy-storage battery group supplement answered；1st and m-th of tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device in other phases The surplus power not exported adjusts dress by corresponding 1st and m-th of tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power It puts and is saved in corresponding energy-storage battery group.Due to three groups of energy-storage battery pool-sizes of angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation Respectively three groups of adjacent two-phase AC series formula photovoltaic arrays share energy-storage battery pool-size, then angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem light Square formation Differential Output is lied prostrate, passes through the 1st and m-th of every phase exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation by the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type Tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device carries out charge and discharge control to corresponding energy-storage battery group.Such as angle-style three Mutually second tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device output in exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation PA phases Power P a2 declines, then PA<PB=PC, PB-PA=Δ PA, the grid-connected balance controller foundation of star-angle type have deposited a preceding energy storage electricity Pond pool-size data and power optimization principle, and when ensureing PA+ Δ PA=PB=PC, tandem photovoltaic square formation is exchanged most by every phase AC series photovoltaic arrays maximum current Iacs=(PA+ Δ PA)/Vacs is obtained in high-power output and system voltage, and utilizes this Electric current Iacs calculates each tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device in photovoltaic arrays that is often in series Output voltage, control A phases exchange the 1st of tandem photovoltaic square formation and exchange work(with m-th of tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation Rate regulating device exports Δ PA power outputs.Wherein Δ PA exchanges tandem photovoltaic square formation and B phases or the difference of C phases for A phases.
Such as angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation Δ PA=Pa1+Pam, and A phases exchange in tandem photovoltaic square formation High_voltage isolation AC power regulating device output power Pa1, Pam is by the grid-connected balance of star-angle type for one and m tandem photovoltaic square formations Controller is according to a capacity data distribution before corresponding energy-storage battery group.When A phases exchange the 1st and of tandem photovoltaic square formation Two groups of energy-storage battery pool-size PE_AB=that m tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device is correspondingly connected with During PE_CA, then Δ PA/2=Pa1=Pam；Such as corresponding two groups of energy-storage batteries pool-size PE_AB ＜ PE_AC, then PE_AB/PE_ AC=η a, Pa1=Δ PA* η a, Pam=Δ PA-Pa1 are conversely, PE_AB ＞ PE_AC, then PE_AC/PE_AB=η a, Pam=Δs PA* η a, Pa1=Δs PA-Pam then A phases：Va1=Pa1/Iacs, Va2=Pa2/Iacs ... Vam=Pam/Iacs；B phases：Vb1 =Pb1/Iacs, Vb2=Pb2/Iacs ..., Vbm=Pbm/Iacs；C phases：Vc1=Pc1/Iacs, Vc2=Pc2/ Iacs ..., Vcm=Pcm/Iacs；
Wherein PE_AB, PE_CA, PE_BC are respectively the first energy-storage battery in angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation Group, the second energy-storage battery group, third energy-storage battery group capacity, η a are exchange that tandem photovoltaic square formation connect with A phases first The ratio of the capacity PE_AB of energy-storage battery group and the capacity PE_CA of third energy-storage battery group.
When the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type detects that energy-storage battery pool-size cannot support angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem During photovoltaic arrays output balance, second tandem photovoltaic square formation high pressure in angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation PA phases AC power regulating device output power Pa2 is isolated to decline, then PA<PB=PC, the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type is according to power The principle of optimality is obtained A and is in series photovoltaic arrays maximum output current Iacs=PA/Vacs, and is in series photovoltaic arrays most using A Big output current Iacs calculates each tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power that A is in series in photovoltaic arrays and adjusts Output voltage Va1=Pa1/Iacs, Va2=Pa2/Iacs ... Vam=Pam/Iacs of device；To ensure three-phase alternating current output Balance then calculates the phase exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation of generated output minimum in angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation The proportionality coefficient of both generated outputs of generated output and another two-phase AC series formula photovoltaic arrays then has B phases, C to be in series light Square formation PA/PB=xb, PA/PC=xc is lied prostrate, proportionality coefficient xb, xc is thus calculated, PB* is calculated respectively using this proportionality coefficient Xb=Pb1*xb+Pb2*xb ... Pbm*xb；PC*xc=Pc1*xc+Pc2*xc ... Pcm*xc then calculate B phases, C respectively The output voltage values for each tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device in photovoltaic arrays of being in series, B phases： Vb1=Pb1*xb/Iacs, Vb2=Pb2*xb/Iacs ..., Vbm=Pbm*xb/Iacs；C phases：Vc1=Pc1*xc/Iacs, Vc2=Pc2*xc/Iacs ..., Vcm=Pcm*xc/Iacs；Thus B phases, C are in series each tandem in photovoltaic arrays The output power Pbm*xb of photovoltaic arrays high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device<Pbm、Pm*xc<Pcm；Then there is Δ Pbm= Pbm-Pbm*xb, Δ Pcm=Pcm-Pcm*xc.
Thus each tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation exchange in angle-style three-phase alternating current complementation tandem photovoltaic square formation After PCU Power Conditioning Unit performs the data that the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type is sent, each tandem photovoltaic per phase will be pressed respectively Output voltage values Vam, Vbm, Vcm output voltage of square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device, the photovoltaic arrays and B is in series In remaining output power Δ Pbm be respectively stored into the 1st and m-th of tandem photovoltaic that B phases exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation The the first energy-storage battery group and the second energy-storage battery group that square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device is correspondingly connected with；C is in series Remaining output power Δ Pcm in photovoltaic arrays is respectively stored into the 1st and m-th string that C phases exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation The the second energy-storage battery group and third energy-storage battery being correspondingly connected in connection formula photovoltaic arrays high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device In group.
Pattern 2), when some tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device input photovoltaic string formation power is low Startup power or tandem photovoltaic square formation high pressure when tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device starts When the regulating device failure of isolation AC power does not export, due to unpowered, protective relay make and break contact is closed, transformation Device inputs internal resistance r=0 Ω, does not influence angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation normal work.The grid-connected balance of star-angle type at this time Controller can not receive the data of the tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device.The grid-connected balance of star-angle type The pattern 1 that controller will perform three-phase equilibrium control strategy).
Pattern 3), when a wherein phase for angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation is less than angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem light When lying prostrate the lower power of square formation, and energy-storage battery group can not support angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation balance adjustment When, PLC controller controls all tandem photovoltaics by multi computer communication module down-transmitting data in the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type Square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device stops output, while PLC controller control synchronization AC contactor disconnects, and makes angle Type three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation is detached from power grid.
3rd, power optimization control strategy
When tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device enters normal mode of operation, due to the nothing of cloud Rule, which is blocked, causes inverter output power different, makes the tandem photovoltaic square formation in angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation The output power of high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device is also different.To ensure the output of angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation Power is maximum, and the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type will exchange tandem in angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation per phase respectively The output power summation of all tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating devices of photovoltaic arrays, calculates every phase AC series formula photovoltaic arrays power, and according to the energy-storage battery pool-size data received, calculate the series connection of angle-style three-phase alternating current Output current during formula photovoltaic arrays equilibrium state, then every phase is exchanged into each tandem photovoltaic side in tandem photovoltaic square formation Battle array high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device output power divided by this mutually exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation electric current, calculate each The output voltage of a tandem photovoltaic square formation high-voltage isolation device.The output voltage mutually exchanges the optimization of tandem photovoltaic square formation for this One group of voltage of power output.The optimization voltage correspondence is transferred to every phase AC series by the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type In each tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device of formula photovoltaic arrays, make all tandem photovoltaic square formations The sum of high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device output voltage be equal to grid entry point alternating voltage.Such as in no cloud block, per phase Tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device output power is identical in AC series formula photovoltaic arrays, same to clock star The grid-connected balance controller of angle-style is assigned to each tandem light in every phase exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation according to Optimal Control Strategy The output voltage for lying prostrate square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device is also equal, optimization voltage=grid entry point alternating current of output Pressure/tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device series connection number.
When the controller module in tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device receives star-angle type simultaneously After net balance controller issues data, the CPU of controller module is according to this data by light every circuit output pwm signal, the PWM Signal controls 4 control signals of energy storage DC/AC moduluss of conversion H bridges power driving circuit in the block, through H bridge power driving circuits Output, then the corresponding angle-style three-phase alternating current series connection of high voltage isolating transformer input winding coupled output through exchange isolation output module Phase, frequency and the power of formula photovoltaic arrays, then two disconnecting switch through exchange isolation output module, short switch output are handed over Flow power.
Angle-style connection per mutually exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation in the 1st and m-th of tandem photovoltaic square formation high pressure every Ion-exchange stream PCU Power Conditioning Unit is completed other than above-mentioned function, and the CPU of controller module controls energy storage to control by light every circuit Circuit carries out charge and discharge control to three energy-storage battery groups being correspondingly connected with.
Angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation is exchanged per phase in tandem photovoltaic square formation, m platform tandem photovoltaics The output terminal series connection of square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device, forms angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation, per phase Output power=m of AC series formula photovoltaic arrays × tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device output work Rate, m are >=1 integer, and angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation output power is three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation The sum of output power.The output of the formula that is often in series photovoltaic arrays high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device all by a star-angle type simultaneously Net balance controller is coordinated to control by communication link.The power of tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device Size and quantity determine the power generation capacity of angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation.
4th, chance failure control strategy
During normal work, each tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation in angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation is handed over Stream PCU Power Conditioning Unit monitors the synchronization pulse and communication data of the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type, holding and power grid in real time The output current Iacs of phase, Frequency Synchronization and tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device, while to star The grid-connected balance controller passback tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device data of angle-style and confirmation synchronize sound Answer information.When power grid happens suddenly the power-off or grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type is surprisingly stopped or communication data or lock-out pulse During interruption or when output current Iacs is reduced to angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation operating current lower limiting value, tandem Photovoltaic arrays high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device quick response, in a short time, such as<20ms, into acquiescence working condition, And phase, frequency, information of voltage and the lock-out pulse of corresponding angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation are monitored in real time.
When some tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power tune in angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation When regulating device breaks down：
1) when tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device energy storage DC/AC modular converters damage,< Without the controller mould of power output, at this time tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device in the time of 5ms Block still works normally, and controller module monitoring output power is different from the power data that the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type issues When, the controller module quickly controls protective relay make and break contact to be closed, and transformer input internal resistance r=0 Ω do not influence Angle-style three-phase energy complement AC series formula photovoltaic arrays work normally.Controller module uploads fault data to star-angle type simultaneously Grid-connected balance controller.
2) input power of tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device monitoring input photovoltaic string formation.When When there is short circuit, open circuit in certain road photovoltaic string formation, the controller mould of tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device Block controls the maximal power tracing module from service, and fault message is uploaded to the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type.
5th, start strategy after the regulating device fault recovery of tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power
When angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation works normally, it is intersecting that the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type obtains certain When stream tandem photovoltaic square formation needs the tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device after startup separator recovery, star The grid-connected balance controller of angle-style is according to the tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device after startup separator recovery Data, with reference to three-phase equilibrium control strategy into angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation all tandem photovoltaic square formation high pressures Isolation AC power regulating device passes down phase, frequency and the voltage letter of corresponding angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation It ceases, controller module is according to the phase, frequency, voltage received in tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device Data and lock-out pulse, control H electrical bridge power driving circuit is through exchange isolation output module output AC power.
The present invention has the following advantages：
1st, the output voltage of angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation is improved, reduces output current；
2nd, high-voltage AC transmission cable loss reduces, it can be achieved that remote long-line transmission；
3rd, angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation due to voltage class improve, it can be achieved that under the voltage class without change Depressor exports, and reduces loss, reduces cost；
4th, relatively parallel photovoltaic arrays pass through tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device, angle-style Three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation can realize that inverter breaks the whole up into parts, and inverter control room is abandoned in installation on the spot and correlation is set It is standby；
5th, in angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation, each tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power is adjusted Device is unified to be coordinated and managed by the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type, is had three-phase equilibrium best power and is adjusted, is active compensation, idle The ability of output and energy management and running are compensated, improve grid supply quality；
6th, since the power generation of photovoltaic string formation is vulnerable to the influence of cloud, output-power fluctuation is larger, and the present invention is intersecting in angle-style three Increase certain energy storage device in stream tandem photovoltaic square formation, and energy storage energy is common in three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation It enjoys, ensures angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation output power relative equilibrium, stabilization, while power grid can be supported in short-term.
7th, it since angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation output voltage improves, can be abandoned in the grid-connected output of grid entry point Confluence concentrates inversion, transformer equipment, greatly reduces, power attenuation and cost；
8th, since tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device is using modular mode, natural air cooled body Product is small, makes convenient engineering installation, using reliable；
9th, by the increase of stored energy capacitance, photovoltaic generation is substantially improved to grid fluctuations affect, is conducive to access at high proportion Power grid greatly reduces and abandons optical phenomenon.10th, it due to largely reducing direct current conflux case, DC cabinet and DC current cable, substantially reduces Since direct current draws the probability of electric arc, the fire thus caused is avoided to occur.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is single phase ac tandem photovoltaic square formation functional block diagram in angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation；
Fig. 2 is first high with m-th of tandem photovoltaic square formation for the adjacent two-phase of angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation Pressure isolation AC power regulating device and energy storage principle figure；
Fig. 3 is angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation system block diagram；
Fig. 4 is H bridge power driving circuit schematic diagrams；
Fig. 5 is the centralized photovoltaic generating system block diagram of the prior art；
Fig. 6 is the string type photovoltaic generating system block diagram of the prior art；
Fig. 7 is tandem photovoltaic direct current square formation system block diagram.
Specific embodiment
It is further illustrated the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation of the present invention is by three A phases, B phase C phases single phase ac tandem photovoltaic sides Battle array, the first energy-storage battery group E_AB, the second energy-storage battery group E_BC, third energy-storage battery group E_CA and star-angle type are grid-connected flat Weigh controller composition.Three A phases, B phase C phases single phase ac tandem photovoltaic square formation angle-style connections, form angle-style three-phase alternating current string Connection formula photovoltaic arrays, and corresponded to and the first energy-storage battery respectively in three junctions of angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation Group E_AB, the second energy-storage battery group E_BC, third energy-storage battery group E_CA connections.Angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation is defeated Go out balance controller input connection grid-connected with star-angle type, output terminal and the grid entry point power grid three-phase of the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type AC power connects.Under the grid-connected balance controller control of star-angle type, coordinate angle-style A~C three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formations Differential Output.
Shown in Fig. 1, the single phase ac tandem photovoltaic square formation exchanges work(by m platform tandem photovoltaic square formations high_voltage isolation Rate regulating device is composed in series, and m is >=1 integer.
In the single phase ac tandem photovoltaic square formation, the 1st tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power tune The output head end of tail end Ac1_2 and the 2nd tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device of output of regulating device Ac2_1 connections, the 2nd tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device output tail end Ac2_2 connect with the 3rd Formula photovoltaic arrays high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device exports head end Ac3_1 connections, and so on, m-1 platform tandem light Square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device output tail end Acm-1_2 and m platform tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation is lied prostrate to hand over PCU Power Conditioning Unit output head end Acm_1 connections are flowed, form single phase ac tandem photovoltaic square formation.1st tandem photovoltaic side The head end Ac1_1 of battle array high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device output is the first output Uabc of single phase ac tandem photovoltaic square formation End, m platform tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC powers regulating device output tail end Acm_2 is single phase ac tandem light Lie prostrate the tail output Uo ends of square formation.The input terminal connection photovoltaic of every tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device The output terminal of string formation.Wherein first Uabc and tail the Uo output terminal of single phase ac tandem photovoltaic square formation respectively with corresponding two groups of energy storage Battery pack connects.
In angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation, the tail output terminal Uo that A phases exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation is exchanged with B phases The first output terminal Uabc connections of tandem photovoltaic square formation, and connect with the first energy-storage battery group E_AB, tie point Uab；B intersects The tail output terminal Uo of stream tandem photovoltaic square formation exchanges the first output terminal Uabc of tandem photovoltaic square formation with C phases and connect, and with second The E_BC connections of energy-storage battery group, tie point Ubc；The tail output terminal Uo that C phases exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation exchanges tandem with A phases The first output terminal Uabc connections of photovoltaic arrays, and connect with third energy-storage battery group E_CA, tie point Uca；Per mutually exchange string Connection formula photovoltaic arrays head output terminals Uabc and tail output terminal Uo connect two energy-storage battery groups respectively.The grid-connected balance control of star-angle type Device input Uab, Ubc and Uca are connect with three tie points Uab, Ubc and Uca of angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation, Uab, Ubc and Uca be also angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation three-phase alternating current output, output voltage values be respectively Vab, Vbc、Vca。
Consider that the power generation of photovoltaic string formation is vulnerable to the influence of cloud, output-power fluctuation is larger, and the present invention is intersecting using angle-style three Commonly connected Uab, Ubc and Uca between the three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation of tandem photovoltaic square formation are flowed, current potential is equal Feature is connected respectively the first energy-storage battery group E_AB, the second energy-storage battery at tri- commonly connected places of Uab, Ubc and Uca Group E_BC, third energy-storage battery group E_CA exchange charge and discharge control of the tandem photovoltaic square formation to energy-storage battery group by every phase, Ensure that angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation output power is stablized relatively.
As shown in figure 3, the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type is by synchronization AC contactor Jabc, breaker Kabc, electric current/electricity Pressure sensor Dabc and PLC controller composition.Angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation output terminal Uab, Ubc, Uca passes through disconnected The input terminal of road device Kabc is connect with grid entry point three phase mains, output terminal and current sensor the series connection Dabc of breaker Kabc, It is and in parallel with voltage sensor Dabc, synchronization AC contactor Jabc inputs；Synchronization AC contactor Jabc is exported and angle-style three Mutually exchange Uab, Ubc, Uca output-parallel of tandem photovoltaic square formation.The Uab of angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation, Ubc, Uca output terminal pass through synchronization AC contactor Jabc, current sensor Dabc, breaker Kabc and grid entry point power grid three-phase Power supply connects.
The PLC controller includes logic analysis control module, time-sequence control module, simulation control module, multimachine and leads to Believe module, input control module and output control module.Multi-computer communication module communication TDA, TDB, TDC ports correspond to respectively and angle Tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device of the type three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation per phase connects, connection In communicating circuit input and output TD_A, TD_B, TD_C ports of controller module, multi-computer communication module and angle-style three-phase alternating current string Tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device real-time, interactive data of the connection formula photovoltaic arrays per phase, PLC controls Device calculates analysis according to control strategy, and provides phase, synchronization time and output power data；
Time-sequence control module synchronism output TBA, TBB, TBC ports correspond to and angle-style A~C three-phase alternating current tandem light respectively It lies prostrate tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device of the square formation per phase to connect, is connected to the synchronization of controller module Circuit inputs TB_A, TB_B, TB_C terminal.PLC controller passes through time-sequence control module synchronism output TBA, TBB, TBC ports reality When adjusted for angle-style A~C three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaics square formation per the tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power in phase Device provides synchronization zero-cross point pulse；
Input control module is connect with electric current, voltage sensor Dabc data output ends, real time monitoring network voltage, electric current Change with frequency, and the data information for detecting grid entry point three phase mains is subjected to analysis calculating through logic analysis control module, lead to It crosses multimachine communication module and provides angle-style A~C per mutually exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation phase and data information, pass through timing control mould Block synchronism output TBA, TBB, TBC ports output angle-style A~C is per the zero crossing synchronizing signal for mutually exchanging tandem photovoltaic square formation. Output control module is connect with synchronization AC contactor Jabc control terminals, the break-make of control synchronization AC contactor Jabc.
As shown in Fig. 2, the tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power of composition single phase ac tandem photovoltaic square formation Regulating device is by n maximal power tracing module, energy storage DC/AC modular converters U1, controller module U2, power module U6 and friendship Stream isolation output module U7 compositions, n is >=1 integer.
The output terminal of the photovoltaic string formation and maximum in tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device The input terminal Pv_in connections of power tracking module, through the maximal power tracing module to photovoltaic string formation MPPT maximal power tracings Output power；The output terminal Pm_out of n maximal power tracing module is in parallel, and n maximal power tracing module after parallel connection is defeated Outlet Pm_out is in parallel with energy storage DC/AC modular converters U1, power module U6 input terminals Uin respectively again；N maximal power tracing Module provides energy storage DC/AC modular converters U1, power module U6 power supplys.The wherein output Uout of power module U6 and controller mould The power input Vdc connections of block U2 provide the working power of controller module U2；The sample circuit input of controller module U2 End and control output end respectively with n maximal power tracing module and energy storage DC/AC modular converters U1 connections；Energy storage DC/AC Output module U7 input L2 connections, the output m_ of exchange isolation output module U7 are isolated with exchange by the output terminal Po of modular converter U1 1st, m_2 connects with the adjacent output of tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device m_1, m_2；Energy storage DC/AC Modular converter U1 is connect with public energy-storage battery group.
The maximal power tracing module is by energy storage inductor L1, storage capacitor C1, power switch Q1, fly-wheel diode D1, current sensor A1 and confluence busbar H+ ,-composition；
The positive-negative output end and positive input terminal Pv_in+, the negative input end of maximal power tracing module of each optical crosstalk volt string formation Pv_in- connections, the positive input terminal Pv_in+ of maximal power tracing module are connect with one end of energy storage inductor L1, energy storage inductor L1 The other end connect respectively with the anode Q+ of power switch Q1 and 1 anode of sustained diode, the cathode of sustained diode 1 difference It is connect with the positive input terminal of storage capacitor C1 anodes, current sensor A；The negative input end of current sensor A and the positive H of confluence busbar The connection of+end, the negative input end of photovoltaic string formation respectively with the negative terminal Q- of power switch Q1, storage capacitor C1 cathode, confluence busbar H- Negative terminal connects, and anode H+, the negative terminal H- of the busbar that converges also are the positive output end Pm_out+ of maximal power tracing module, negative output Hold Pm_out-；The control terminal g1 of power switch Q1 is connected with the light in controller U2 every 5 corresponding output terminal of circuit U；
The energy storage DC/AC modular converters U1 is by energy storage control circuit, H bridges power driving circuit, confluence busbar voltage Sensor V3, phase monitor voltage sensor V1 and protective relay J1 compositions.The input positive and negative terminal UH of H bridge power driving circuits +, UH- respectively with energy storage control circuit, confluence busbar voltage sensor V3 confluence busbar positive and negative terminal H+, H- on it is in parallel；H bridge work( Rate driving circuit output terminal Po1, Po2 switch J1_1 contacts both ends, phase monitor voltage sensor with protective relay J1 respectively The input terminal L2 winding parallels of V1, exchange isolation output module U7.
When angle-style three-phase energy complement AC series formula photovoltaic arrays work normally, when certain tandem photovoltaic square formation high pressure When isolation AC power regulating device does not have power output or breaks down, to ensure angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation Normal work, H bridges power driving circuit output terminal Po1, Po2 make transformer through protective relay J1 normally closed contacts J1_1 short circuits Internal resistance r=0 Ω are inputted, according to transformer principle, output impedance R=B2R, wherein B are transformer voltage ratio, and r is inputted for transformer Impedance, thus output impedance R=0 Ω, do not interfere with angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation normal work.
The H electrical bridge rate driving circuit is by phase monitor voltage sensor V1,4 power switch pipe Q2~Q5 and 4 2~D5 of sustained diode is formed；There are one control signal, a power input and a power for every power switch pipe Output terminal.One fly-wheel diode of input terminal and output terminal reverse parallel connection of every power switch pipe as shown in Figure 4；Every 2 work( Rate switching tube is connected, i.e., D2 connects with D3, D4 with D5, form 2 groups of H bridge arm circuits；In every group of H bridge arm circuit, a power is opened It closes tube power input terminal to connect with the output terminal of another power switch pipe, tie point is the power take-off of H bridge arm circuits Po1、Po2；The both ends of 2 groups of H bridge arm circuits are respectively the positive input terminal and negative input end of H bridge arm circuits；2 groups of H bridge arm circuits are simultaneously Connection composition H bridge power driving circuits, the anode UH+ and negative terminal UH- of the H bridge arm circuits after parallel connection are also H bridge power driving circuits Anode UH+ and negative terminal UH-, power take-off Po1, Po2 of 2 groups of H bridge arm circuits be also H bridge rate driving circuits 2 power Output terminal Po1, Po2, control signal g2~g5 of 4 power switch pipes is also 4 control inputs of H bridge power driving circuits Hold g2~g5.
The energy storage control circuit is made of a power switch pipe Q7 and charging and discharging currents detection sensor A1.Power The input positive terminal UH+ for charging and discharging currents detection sensor A1 and H the bridge power driving circuit that one end of switching tube Q7 passes through series connection And confluence busbar anode H+ connections, the other end of power switch pipe Q7 are electrically accessed for the energy-storage battery group charge and discharge of energy storage control circuit HL+ is held, and is connect with energy-storage battery group anode；Energy-storage battery group cathode is connect with confluence busbar cathode H-；Power switch pipe Q7 Control terminal g7 is also the control terminal of energy storage control circuit, and is connect with controller module U2 light every driving circuit U5.
The controller module is by CPU, A/D sample circuit U4, light every circuit U 5, synchronous circuit U8 and both-way communication electricity Road U3 is formed.Input terminal A_1~the A_n and A1_1 of the A/D sample circuits U4 is corresponded to and n maximal power tracing mould respectively The current sensor A of block is connected with the output terminal of energy storage DC/AC modular converter U1 charging and discharging currents detection current sensor A1, A/ Input terminal V_1~V_3 of D sample circuits U4 is supervised respectively with the phase of the H bridge power driving circuits of energy storage DC/AC modular converters U1 Survey voltage sensor V1, energy-storage battery group voltage sensor detection port V_2, confluence busbar voltage sensor V2 connections.It is described Light is every the I/O ports connection of CPU in the input terminal and controller module of circuit U 5, and light is every output terminal g1_1~gn_1 of circuit U 5 Correspondence is connect with the power switch Q1 control signals g1 of n maximal power tracing module respectively；Light is every the output terminal of circuit U 5 The control that g2~g7 corresponds to respectively with the 4 control signal g2~g5 and protective relay circuit of H bridge power driving circuits is opened The control signal g6 for closing pipe Q6 is connected with accumulator control terminal g7；In one end and controller module of two-way communication circuit U3 The PORT COM connection of CPU, the other end TD_X of two-way communication circuit U3 is also tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation exchange work( The PORT COM TD_X of rate regulating device, by optical fiber or wirelessly with the multi computer communication in the grid-connected balance controller PLC of star-angle type Module port TD connections, real-time exchange data.The I/O ports connection of CPU in one end of synchronous circuit U8 and controller module, together The other end TB_X of step circuit U8 is also the synchronous input end mouth of tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device TB_X is connect by optical fiber or wirelessly with the time-sequence control module output terminal TB in the grid-connected balance controller PLC of star-angle type, is realized Per the tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device output in mutually exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation and the phase electricity Net zero crossing synchronizes.
When the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type judges m tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power is allowed to adjust dress When putting access power grid, the control synchronization AC contactor work of star-angle type grid-connected balance controller, power grid by breaker, electric current/ Voltage sensor and synchronization AC contactor contact are connect with angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation, angle-style three-phase alternating current string M tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power tune of each single phase ac tandem photovoltaic square formation in connection formula photovoltaic arrays Regulating device output terminal divides network voltage, and passes through exchange isolation output module high voltage isolating transformer reversely by corresponding angle Type three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation is coupled to exchange isolation per the mutually phase of exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation, frequency, voltage The input winding terminal of output module, the controller module of tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device pass through phase Position monitoring voltage sensor reads the zero crossing that phase, frequency and information of voltage and the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type provide and synchronizes Signal, and this information data is passed back into the grid-connected balance controller multi computer communication of star-angle type by two-way communication circuit PORT COM In module port.Phase, frequency, voltage number of the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type according to this three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation According to and synchronizing information, it is corresponding to tandem photovoltaic by the port of multi computer communication module and the port of time-sequence control module respectively Square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device sends control data and synchronization pulse, tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation The controller module of AC power regulating device is according to this data and synchronization pulse, control H electrical bridge power driving circuit warp Exchange isolation output module exchange output.
The power module U6 is made of DC/DC power supplys, arrester BL and protective relay circuit.DC/DC power supplys Input terminal Uin is in parallel with the both ends of arrester BL, protects tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device electric appliance It avoids being struck by lightning.The output terminal Uout of DC/DC power supplys is in parallel with the input terminal of protective relay circuit；The protective relay electricity Routing relay J1 and control switching tube Q6 compositions.The power input of control switching tube Q6 is also the negative of protective relay circuit Input terminal, the power take-off of control switching tube Q6 are connect with relay J1 one end, and the other end of relay J1 is protection relay The positive input terminal of device circuit, the control signal g6 of control switching tube Q6 is also the control signal g6 of protective relay circuit.
When DC/DC power supplys do not start, protective relay circuit both ends do not have voltage, and the normally closed J1_1 of protective relay connects Point is closed, tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device output impedance R=0 Ω.When DC/DC power initiations are defeated When going out DC voltage, protective relay J1 under the control of the controller, is opened and closed, to series connection according to the normally closed J1_1 contacts of demand control Formula photovoltaic arrays high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device output impedance R=0 Ω or R=B2R Ω are controlled, and r is defeated for exchange isolation Go out the power input internal resistance of module U7.
Output module U7 is isolated by high voltage isolating transformer T, disconnecting switch K1, disconnecting switch K2 and one in the exchange Short switch K3 is formed.The high voltage isolating transformer T there are one a power input winding L2 and power output winding L3, The power input winding L2 of wherein high voltage isolating transformer T is also the input terminal of exchange isolation output module U7；Power output around Input terminal of the both ends of group L3 respectively with disconnecting switch K1, disconnecting switch K2 is connect, the output of disconnecting switch K1, disconnecting switch K2 End connect respectively with short switch K3 both ends, short switch K3 both ends be exchange be isolated output module U7 output terminals A cm_1, Acm_2 and tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device output terminals A cm_1, Acm_2, output voltage are Uac.And high voltage isolating transformer isolation voltage ＞ Uacsmax.Due to the addition of high voltage isolating transformer, make tandem photovoltaic The isolation voltage ＞ Uacsmax of square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device.The Uacsmax is also referred to as the friendship of system highest Galvanic electricity pressure.Angle-style three-phase energy complement AC series formula photovoltaic arrays export maximum A phase voltages respectively：Uasmax=Ua1max+ Ua2max+Ua3max ... ,+Uammax；B phase voltages：Ubsmax=Ub1max+Ub2max+Ub3max ... ,+Ubmmax；C phases Voltage：Ucsmax=Uc1max+Uc2max+Uc3max ... ,+Ucmmax；Uammax, Ubmmax, Ucmmax are m-th of series connection Formula photovoltaic arrays high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device exports maximum voltage value.M is >=1 integer.The high_voltage isolation becomes The both ends of depressor T power input windings L2 and H bridge power driving circuit power take-offs Po1 in energy storage DC/AC modular converters U1, Po2 connections, energy storage DC/AC modular converters U1 is by the output power of n maximal power tracing module through power input winding L2 couplings Close power output winding L3 output AC powers.
H bridges power driving circuit in tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device corresponds to output angle-style The phase of three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation, frequency, power, the high voltage isolating transformer T through exchange isolation output module U7 Coupling output, and export AC power through disconnecting switch K1, disconnecting switch K2, short switch K3.At when short switch K3 is normal In open-circuit condition, safeguard or replace when a certain tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device and exit angle-style three-phase During AC series formula photovoltaic arrays, not influence angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation normal work, by short switch K3 Quick-make.
As shown in Figure 2,3, the first energy-storage battery group E_AB, the second energy-storage battery group E_BC, third energy-storage battery E_CA with angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation when connect respectively for group, wherein a phase exchanges the in tandem photovoltaic square formation M tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device output tail end Acm_2 and converge busbar cathode H- respectively with The 1st tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device output in another phase exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation is first End Ac1_1 is connected with confluence busbar cathode H-, makes the 1st and m-th in adjacent two-phase AC series formula photovoltaic arrays to connect Current potential residing for formula photovoltaic arrays high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device is equal.It thus can be by the 1st and m-th string of adjacent two-phase Energy-storage battery group charge and discharge incoming end HL+ in connection formula photovoltaic arrays high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device is in parallel, and with one The anode connection of group energy-storage battery group.Adjacent two-phase the 1st and m-th of tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power adjust dress Energy storage DC/AC modular converters U1 confluence busbar negative terminals H- in putting is in parallel, and is connect with energy-storage battery group negative terminal.Wherein A intersects Flow the energy-storage battery group charge and discharge in tandem photovoltaic the 1st tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device of square formation End HL+ and confluence busbar negative terminal H- and the positive and negative connections of third energy-storage battery group E_CA are electrically accessed, m-th of tandem photovoltaic square formation is high Energy-storage battery group charge and discharge incoming end HL+ and confluence busbar negative terminal H- and first in pressure isolation AC power regulating device can electricity The positive and negative connections of pond group E_AB；Wherein B phases exchange the 1st tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power of tandem photovoltaic square formation Energy-storage battery group charge and discharge incoming end HL+ and confluence busbar negative terminal H- and the first energy-storage battery group E_AB in regulating device is positive and negative It connects, the energy-storage battery group charge and discharge incoming end HL+ in m-th of tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device With confluence busbar negative terminal H- and the second positive and negative connections of energy-storage battery group E_BC；Wherein C phases exchange the 1st string of tandem photovoltaic square formation Energy-storage battery group charge and discharge incoming end HL+ and confluence busbar in connection formula photovoltaic arrays high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device are born Hold H- and the second positive and negative connections of energy-storage battery group E_BC, m-th of tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device In energy-storage battery group charge and discharge incoming end HL+ and confluence busbar negative terminal H- and the positive and negative connections of third energy-storage battery group E_CA.
The controller U2 of the 1st and m-th tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device of adjacent two-phase In A/D sample circuits U4 energy-storage battery group voltage sensor test side put V_2 parallel connection, and with energy-storage battery group voltage sensor The output connection of device V2 data.
Angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation system shown in Fig. 3 and concentrated photovoltaic generating system shown in fig. 5, String formation type photovoltaic generating system shown in fig. 6 is compared with tandem photovoltaic direct current square formation system shown in Fig. 7, angle-style three of the present invention It is the advantages of exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation mutually：
1. concentrated photovoltaic generation shown in fig. 5 is abandoned in angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation shown in Fig. 3 Converge in system, install inverter, transformer equipment concentratedly.String formation type photovoltaic generating system equally relatively shown in fig. 6 is abandoned Exchange confluence, transformer equipment.Due to quantity of the converging equipment according to station capacity configuration, and converge in photovoltaic system and set Standby failure rate is high, loss is big.Angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation of the present invention has abandoned a large amount of converging equipments and change Depressor equipment reduces loss, reduces cost, improves reliability；
2. in angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation shown in Fig. 3, photovoltaic string formation nearby with tandem photovoltaic square formation High_voltage isolation AC power regulating device connects, between the tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device of Fig. 3 It is all connected in series with by unit cable, angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation maximum output current is that photovoltaic power station system holds Amount divided by grid entry point system voltage, with photovoltaic plant capacity 10MW, then maximum output current=10MW/ for system voltage 35kV 35kV=286A, it is 286A/3=95.3A to be evenly distributed to electric current in every phase exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation.And Fig. 5, Fig. 6 institute In the system shown, converging equipment installation site must take into account multigroup photovoltaic string formation and place layout, and n multiple-twin cables is caused to be set to confluence Standby installation site is in parallel in converging equipment, (such as 16 road header boxs complete 16 road photovoltaic string formations parallel connections, and number of cables is 16 × 2, Its junction electric current is 16 × 10A=160A, and the output of n platform string types inverter ac is through n × 4 piece ac cable parallel connection, after confluence Electric current increases n times, and converging equipment is again through 2 direct currents or 4 AC great current cables to upper level converging equipment or inverter Interior parallel connection.Also with photovoltaic plant capacity 10MW, then maximum output current=10MW/500V=20000A for system voltage 500V Compared to Fig. 2, angle-style three-phase equilibrium AC series formula photovoltaic arrays shown in Fig. 3, the big number of cables of electric current is more, and loss, cost increase Add；
3. angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation shown in Fig. 3, photovoltaic string formation can pass through tandem photovoltaic square formation height Series connection between pressure isolation AC power regulating device improves system voltage, and such as each tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation exchanges PCU Power Conditioning Unit output average voltage is 500v, system voltage 35kV, then can exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation by every phase 35KV/500V=70 tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device serial number realizes 35kV outputs, can Far above Fig. 5, inverter input voltage shown in fig. 6<1000v reduces cascaded structure electric current under the conditions of Same Efficieney, changes Become parallel heavy-current transmission current system, reduce the power attenuation of cable and equipment, and promote angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem Photovoltaic arrays power；
4. in angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation shown in Fig. 3, photovoltaic string formation passes through tandem photovoltaic square formation height Series connection between pressure isolation AC power regulating device improves input grid entry point voltage, it can be achieved that the grid-connected output of transless, and Fig. 5, photovoltaic generating system shown in fig. 6 due to the limitation of inverter input direct-current voltage ＜ 1000v, can only meet inverter Ac output voltage≤400v system transless is grid-connected, and grid-connected must then be converted through high-tension transformer of higher voltage exports, electric current Greatly, it is lost big, of high cost；
5. in angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation shown in Fig. 3 is by going here and there per mutually exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation The exchange output of 2 line of connection formula photovoltaic arrays high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device initial and end, under the conditions of equal output power with figure 5 centralized photovoltaic generating system uses multigroup two direct current cables parallel connections, and string type photovoltaic generating system shown in fig. 6 uses Multigroup 3 phase, 4 line ac cable output-parallel is compared, and cable greatly reduces, and electric current is small, reduces cable loss；
6. in angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation shown in Fig. 3, photovoltaic string formation passes through tandem photovoltaic square formation height Pressure isolation AC power regulating device output voltage is flexible, and photovoltaic string formation can be made to be concatenated formula photovoltaic side under more low voltage condition Series connection between battle array high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device improves output AC voltage, meets grid entry point voltage.And Fig. 5, Fig. 6 Shown photovoltaic generating system since the parallel-connection structure of photovoltaic string formation is limited, makes every optical crosstalk volt string formation Parallel opertation voltage foundation Grid-connected voltage and improve, could meet inverter input start voltage primary condition, such as in 380v ac grid systems, light Lie prostrate string formation output DC voltage ＞It is above to meet startup inverter work primary condition.
7. the tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation exchange work(in angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation shown in Fig. 3 Rate regulating device, it is small using the sealing of IP65 grades, natural air cooled module design, it can locally install, installation is simple.And Centralization photovoltaic generating system shown in fig. 5, then concentrate on inverter control room and according to local environment using not by inverter Sealing and the type of cooling with form, and consume certain power.Thus angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic side shown in Fig. 3 Battle array structure changes centralized photovoltaic power generation structure shown in fig. 5, largely reduces direct current conflux case, DC cabinet and direct current galvanic electricity Cable substantially reduces since direct current draws the probability of electric arc, the fire thus caused is avoided to occur.Power station is broken the whole up into parts simultaneously simultaneously Inverter control room has been abandoned, has greatlyd save cost.
8. angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation shown in Fig. 3 and tandem photovoltaic direct current square formation system shown in Fig. 7 System compares：
1) the output rectification of tandem direct current photovoltaic arrays has been abandoned in angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation output exchange Output circuit reduces the loss of rectification circuit.
2) since angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation direct grid-connected exports, tandem direct current photovoltaic arrays have been abandoned Output is grid-connected through inverter conversion output exchange again, reduces cost.
3) it due to angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation, is made of three groups of AC series formula photovoltaic arrays, similary Power, quantity photovoltaic string formation high-voltage isolation device composition tandem photovoltaic square formation, angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic side Battle array output power is 3 times of tandem direct current photovoltaic arrays output power.
4) selection of alternating current general-purpose electric material is more and cost is lower.

Claims (11)

  1. A kind of 1. angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation, which is characterized in that the angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic Square formation is made of three single phase ac tandem photovoltaic square formations, energy-storage battery group and the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type；Described Three single phase ac tandem photovoltaic square formations connect composition angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation by angle-style；Angle-style three-phase Three output terminals of AC series formula photovoltaic arrays connect three groups of energy-storage battery groups respectively；Angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic side The output terminal of battle array is connect with the input terminal of the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type；The output terminal of the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type with simultaneously Site power grid three-phase alternating-current supply connection；Three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation under the control of star-angle type grid-connected balance controller, Coordinate three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation Differential Output.
  2. 2. angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation described in accordance with the claim 1, which is characterized in that the single phase ac The first output terminal and tail output terminal of tandem photovoltaic square formation are connect respectively with two groups of energy-storage battery groups；The angle-style three-phase alternating current In tandem photovoltaic square formation, A phases exchange the tail output terminal of tandem photovoltaic square formation and B phases exchange the first of tandem photovoltaic square formation and export End connection, and connect with the first energy-storage battery group, tie point Uab；B phases exchange the tail output terminal of tandem photovoltaic square formation and C phases The first output terminal connection of AC series formula photovoltaic arrays, and connect with the second energy-storage battery group, tie point Ubc；C phases exchange string The tail output terminal of connection photovoltaic arrays exchanges the first output terminal of tandem photovoltaic square formation with A phases and connect, and with third energy-storage battery group Connection, tie point Uca.
  3. 3. angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation described in accordance with the claim 1, which is characterized in that three groups of energy storage When battery pack is connect respectively with angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation, wherein the in phase exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation M tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device output tail end and confluence busbar cathode intersect respectively with another Flow the 1st tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device output head end and the confluence in tandem photovoltaic square formation Busbar cathode connects, make the 1st in adjacent two-phase AC series formula photovoltaic arrays and m-th of tandem photovoltaic square formation high pressure every Current potential residing for ion-exchange stream PCU Power Conditioning Unit is equal；Thus, it is possible to adjacent two-phase the 1st and m-th of tandem photovoltaic square formation is high Energy-storage battery group charge and discharge incoming end in pressure isolation AC power regulating device is in parallel, and connects with one group of energy-storage battery group anode It connects；Energy storage DC/AC in adjacent two-phase the 1st and m-th of tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device turns It is in parallel to change the mold block confluence busbar negative terminal, and is connect with energy-storage battery group negative terminal；
    Wherein A phases are exchanged in the 1st tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device of tandem photovoltaic square formation Energy-storage battery group charge and discharge incoming end and confluence busbar negative terminal are connect with third energy-storage battery group, m-th of tandem photovoltaic square formation Energy-storage battery group charge and discharge incoming end and confluence busbar negative terminal and the first energy storage electricity in high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device Pond group connection；Wherein B phases exchange the 1st tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device of tandem photovoltaic square formation In energy-storage battery group charge and discharge incoming end and confluence busbar negative terminal connect with the first energy-storage battery group, m-th of tandem photovoltaic Energy-storage battery group charge and discharge incoming end and confluence busbar negative terminal and the second storage in square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device It can battery pack connection；Wherein C phases exchange the 1st tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power of tandem photovoltaic square formation and adjust Energy-storage battery group charge and discharge incoming end and confluence busbar negative terminal in device are connect with the second energy-storage battery group, m-th of tandem Energy-storage battery group charge and discharge incoming end in photovoltaic arrays high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device and confluence busbar negative terminal and the Three energy-storage battery groups connect；
    The controller of the 1st and m-th tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device of the adjacent two-phase In the energy-storage battery group voltage sensor test sides of A/D sample circuits put parallel connection, and with energy-storage battery group voltage sensor number It is connected according to output.
  4. 4. angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation described in accordance with the claim 1, which is characterized in that the single phase ac The tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device of tandem photovoltaic square formation by n maximal power tracing module, Energy storage DC/AC modular converters, controller module, power module are formed with isolation output module is exchanged, and n is >=1 integer；
    The output terminal of photovoltaic string formation and maximal power tracing mould in tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device The input terminal connection of block, through the maximal power tracing module to photovoltaic string formation MPPT maximal power tracing output powers；N maximum The output terminal of power tracking module is in parallel, and n maximal power tracing module output terminal after parallel connection turns again with energy storage DC/AC respectively It is in parallel to change the mold block, power module input terminal；N maximal power tracing module provides energy storage DC/AC modular converters, power module electricity Source；Wherein the power input of the output of power module and controller module connects, and provides the working power of controller module；Control The sampling input terminal of device module processed and control output end respectively with n maximal power tracing module and energy storage DC/AC moduluss of conversion Block connects；Output module input is isolated with exchange and connects for the output terminal of energy storage DC/AC modular converters, exchange isolation output module It exports and connects with the output of adjacent tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device；Energy storage DC/AC modular converters It is connect with energy-storage battery group.
  5. 5. according to the angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation described in claim 4, which is characterized in that the maximum power Tracking module is made of energy storage inductor, storage capacitor, power switch, fly-wheel diode, current sensor and confluence busbar；
    The positive output end of each optical crosstalk volt string formation is connect with the positive input terminal of maximal power tracing module, maximal power tracing module Positive input terminal and one end of energy storage inductor connect, the other end of energy storage inductor respectively with two pole of the anode of power switch and afterflow Pipe anode connects, and the positive input terminal of the cathode of fly-wheel diode respectively with storage capacitor anode, current sensor is connect；Electric current passes The negative input end of sensor is connect with confluence busbar anode, the negative input end of photovoltaic string formation respectively with the negative terminal of power switch, energy storage Capacitance cathode, the negative terminal connection of confluence busbar, the positive and negative end for the busbar that converges also are the positive and negative output terminal of maximal power tracing module； The control terminal of power switch and the light in controller module are connected every the corresponding output terminal of circuit.
  6. 6. according to the angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation described in claim 4, which is characterized in that the energy storage DC/ AC modular converters are by energy storage control circuit, H bridges power driving circuit, confluence busbar voltage sensor, phase monitor voltage sensor Device and protective relay composition；The input terminal of H bridge power driving circuits is converging on busbar simultaneously with confluence busbar voltage sensor Connection；Energy storage control circuit is connect with confluence busbar anode；H bridge power driving circuits output terminal connects respectively with protective relay switch Point both ends, phase monitor voltage sensor, the input terminal winding parallel for exchanging isolation output module；
    The H bridges power driving circuit is made of 4 power switch pipes and 4 fly-wheel diodes, and every power switch pipe has One control signal, a power input and a power take-off；The input terminal and output terminal of every power switch pipe One fly-wheel diode of reverse parallel connection；Every 2 power switch pipes series connection, forms 2 groups of H bridge arm circuits；In every group of H bridge arm circuit, The input terminal of one power switch tube power is connected with the output terminal of another power switch pipe, and tie point is H bridge arm circuits Power take-off；The both ends of 2 groups of H bridge arm circuits are respectively the positive input terminal and negative input end of H bridge arm circuits；2 groups of H bridge arm circuits Compose in parallel H bridge power driving circuits, it is in parallel after H bridge arm circuits anode and negative terminal be also H bridges power driving circuit just End and negative terminal, the power take-off of 2 groups of H bridge arm circuits are also 2 power take-offs of H bridge power driving circuits, and 4 power are opened The control signal for closing pipe is also 4 control signals of H bridge power driving circuits.
  7. 7. according to the angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation described in claim 4, which is characterized in that the controller mould Block is made of CPU, A/D sample circuit, light every circuit, synchronous circuit and two-way communication circuit；
    Corresponding and each maximal power tracing module current sensor, the energy storage respectively of the input terminal of the A/D sample circuits DC/AC modular converter charging and discharging currents detection sensors output terminal connection, while also respectively with energy storage DC/AC modular converters The phase monitor voltage sensor connection of confluence busbar voltage sensor, H bridge power driving circuits, wherein A/D sample circuits are also It is energy-storage battery group voltage sensor test side there are one input port；
    The light is every the I/O ports connection of CPU in the input terminal and controller module of circuit, and light is every the output terminal difference of circuit 4 control signals of power switch control signal, H bridge power driving circuits with each maximal power tracing module and guarantor The control signal for protecting the control switching tube of relay circuit is connected with accumulator control terminal；
    In one end of the two-way communication circuit and controller module CPU PORT COM connection, two-way communication circuit it is another One end is also the PORT COM of tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device, by optical fiber or wirelessly with star angle Multi computer communication module port connection in the grid-connected balance controller PLC of type, real-time exchange data；
    The I/O ports connection of CPU in one end of the synchronous circuit and controller module, the other end of synchronous circuit is also string The synchronous input end mouth of connection formula photovoltaic arrays high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device, it is by optical fiber or wirelessly grid-connected with star-angle type Time-sequence control module output terminal connection in balance controller PLC is realized per the tandem in mutually exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation The output of photovoltaic arrays high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device is synchronous with the phase power grid zero crossing.
  8. 8. according to the angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation described in claim 4, which is characterized in that the power module It is made of DC/DC power supplys, arrester and protective relay circuit；The input terminal of DC/DC power supplys is in parallel with the both ends of arrester； The output terminal of DC/DC power supplys is in parallel with the input terminal of protective relay circuit；The protective relay electricity routing relay and Control switching tube composition；The power input of control switching tube is also the negative input end of protective relay circuit, controls switching tube Power take-off connect with relay one end, the other end of relay is the positive input terminal of protective relay circuit, and control is opened The control signal for closing pipe is also the control signal of protective relay circuit.
  9. 9. according to the angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation described in claim 4, which is characterized in that the exchange isolation Output module is made of high voltage isolating transformer, two disconnecting switch and a short switch；The high voltage isolating transformer Power input winding be also exchange isolation output module input terminal；The both ends of power output winding keep apart respectively with two The input terminal connection of pass, the output terminal of two disconnecting switch are connect respectively with short switch both ends, and short switch both ends are exchanges The output terminal of output module and tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device output terminal, output electricity is isolated It presses as Uac；
    The both ends of the high voltage isolating transformer power input winding and H bridge power driving circuits in energy storage DC/AC modular converters Power take-off connects, and energy storage DC/AC modular converters are by the output power of n maximal power tracing module through power input winding It is coupled to power output winding output AC power.
  10. 10. angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation described in accordance with the claim 1, which is characterized in that the star-angle type Grid-connected balance controller is made of synchronization AC contactor, breaker, current/voltage sensor and PLC controller；
    The output terminal of the breaker is also that the output terminal of the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type is connect with grid entry point three phase mains； Input terminal of the input terminal of breaker respectively with current sensor, voltage sensor, synchronization AC contactor is connected in series with；It is grid-connected A.C. contactor input terminal is also the input terminal of the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type and angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation Output-parallel；The output terminal of angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation passes through synchronization AC contactor, current sensor, disconnected Road device is connect with grid entry point power grid three phase mains；
    The PLC controller includes logic analysis control module, time-sequence control module, simulation control module, multi-computer communication mould Block, input control module and output control module；
    The multi-computer communication module corresponds to and the tandem photovoltaic in the every phase of angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation respectively Communicating circuit input/output port connection in square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device controller module, real-time, interactive number According to；PLC controller calculates analysis according to control strategy, and provides phase, synchronization time and output power data；
    The time-sequence control module corresponds to and the tandem photovoltaic in the every phase of angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation respectively Synchronous circuit input terminal connection in square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device controller module, PLC controller pass through Time-sequence control module is handed in real time for the tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation in the every phase of angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation It flows PCU Power Conditioning Unit and synchronization zero-cross point pulse is provided；
    The input control module is connect with the data output end of current/voltage sensor, real time monitoring network voltage, electric current Change with frequency, and the data information for detecting grid entry point three phase mains is subjected to analysis calculating, provided by multi-computer communication module Angle-style exports angle-style per the phase and data information for mutually exchanging tandem photovoltaic square formation, by time-sequence control module and is gone here and there per mutually exchange The zero crossing synchronizing signal of connection formula photovoltaic arrays；Output control module and synchronization AC contactor in the PLC controller Control terminal connects, and controls the break-make of synchronization AC contactor.
  11. 11. according to the angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation described in any one of Claims 1-4, which is characterized in that It is as follows to the control method of the angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation：
    (1) Synchronization Control：
    When the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type monitor in every phase exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation tandem photovoltaic square formation high pressure every When the minimum number of ion-exchange stream PCU Power Conditioning Unit meets operating condition, the grid-connected balance controller control synchronization AC of star-angle type connects Tentaculum is attracted, and makes three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation grid-connected；The grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type is according to angle-style three-phase alternating current string Phase, frequency, voltage data and the synchronizing information of connection formula photovoltaic arrays are exchanged to corresponding tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation PCU Power Conditioning Unit sends control data and synchronization pulse, tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device Controller module according to this data and synchronization pulse, control H bridges power driving circuit is handed over through exchange isolation output module Stream output；
    When angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation works normally, the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type is according to per mutually exchange string Tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device return data, working strategies and calculating in connection formula photovoltaic arrays Go out the zero crossing time, the tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power exchanged to every phase in tandem photovoltaic square formation adjusts dress Put transmission control data and synchronization pulse, the controller mould of tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device Block is according to this data and synchronization pulse, and control H bridges power driving circuit is through exchange isolation output module exchange output；
    (2) three-phase equilibrium controls：
    When part, output power of photovoltaic module fluctuates, and causes angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation disequilibrium；Star The grid-connected balance controller of angle-style divides the data of each tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device of acquisition Analysis calculates, and adjusts defeated per the tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device in mutually exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation Go out watt level, first ensure that the tandem photovoltaic side in addition to the 1st and m-th that every phase is exchanged in tandem photovoltaic square formation Battle array high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device maximum power output, output power is relatively low in three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation One or two-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation, insufficient power by with the phase the 1st and m-th of tandem photovoltaic square formation high pressure AC power regulating device output power and corresponding energy-storage battery group supplement is isolated；1st and m-th of tandem in other phases Photovoltaic arrays high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device passes through corresponding 1st and m-th series connection without the surplus power exported Formula photovoltaic arrays high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device is saved in corresponding energy-storage battery group；Due to angle-style three-phase alternating current string Three groups of energy-storage battery pool-sizes of connection formula photovoltaic arrays are respectively that three groups of adjacent two-phase AC series formula photovoltaic arrays share energy storage Battery capacity, then angle-style three-phase, AC series formula photovoltaic arrays Differential Output, are passed through in the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type Per the 1st and m-th of tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device pair for mutually exchanging tandem photovoltaic square formation Corresponding energy-storage battery group carries out charge and discharge control；
    When the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type detects that energy-storage battery pool-size cannot support angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic During square formation output balance, it is defeated that the A photovoltaic arrays maximums that are in series are obtained according to power optimization principle in the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type Go out electric current, and each tandem light that A is in series in photovoltaic arrays is calculated using the A photovoltaic arrays maximum output currents that are in series The output voltage of square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device is lied prostrate, calculates and generates electricity in angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation The phase exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation of power minimum mutually exchanges the power proportions system of both tandem photovoltaic square formations with another two Number xb, xc, calculate B phases respectively using this proportionality coefficient, C be in series in photovoltaic arrays each tandem photovoltaic square formation high pressure every The output power and output voltage values of ion-exchange stream PCU Power Conditioning Unit；It is every in angle-style three-phase alternating current complementation tandem photovoltaic square formation A tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device respectively press per phase each tandem photovoltaic square formation high pressure every The output voltage values output voltage of ion-exchange stream PCU Power Conditioning Unit, B is in series photovoltaic arrays and C is in series in photovoltaic arrays each The dump power of tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device output is respectively stored into and every phase AC series The 1st of formula photovoltaic arrays and m-th of tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device be correspondingly connected with first In energy-storage battery group and the second energy-storage battery group；
    When a wherein phase for angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation is less than under angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation When limiting power, and when energy-storage battery group can not support angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation balance adjustment, star-angle type is simultaneously Net balance controller controls all tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating devices to stop output, while controls simultaneously Net A.C. contactor disconnects, and angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation is made to be detached from power grid；
    (3) power optimization controls
    When tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device enters normal mode of operation, since blocking for cloud is made Into inverter output power difference, hand over the tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation in angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation The output power for flowing PCU Power Conditioning Unit is also different；To ensure that angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation output power is maximum, The grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type will exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation in angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation per phase respectively All tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating devices output power summation, calculate every phase AC series Formula photovoltaic arrays power, and according to the energy-storage battery pool-size data received, calculate angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic side Battle array equilibrium state when output current, then by every phase exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation in each tandem photovoltaic square formation high pressure every The output power of ion-exchange stream PCU Power Conditioning Unit divided by this mutually exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation electric current, calculate each tandem The output voltage of photovoltaic arrays high-voltage isolation device；The output voltage mutually exchanges tandem photovoltaic square formation for this and optimizes power output Voltage；The optimization voltage is transferred to each of every phase exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation by the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type In tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device, the high_voltage isolation of all tandem photovoltaic square formations is made to exchange work( The sum of rate regulating device output voltage is equal to grid entry point alternating voltage；Such as in no cloud block, per mutually exchange tandem photovoltaic side Battle array in tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device output power it is identical, the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type according to According to Optimal Control Strategy, it is assigned to each tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation exchange work(in every phase exchange tandem photovoltaic square formation The output voltage of rate regulating device is also equal, optimization voltage=grid entry point alternating voltage/tandem photovoltaic square formation high pressure of output AC power regulating device series connection number is isolated；
    (4) chance failure controls
    When power grid happen suddenly power-off or the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type be surprisingly stopped or communication data or lock-out pulse in When disconnected or when output current is reduced to angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation operating current lower limiting value, tandem photovoltaic side Battle array high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device enters acquiescence working condition, and monitors corresponding angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem light in real time Lie prostrate phase, frequency, information of voltage and the lock-out pulse of square formation；
    When some tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power in angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation adjusts dress When putting failure：
    1) when tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device energy storage DC/AC modular converters damage,<5ms's Without the controller module monitoring of power output, at this time tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device in time During the power data difference issued to output power and the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type, the controller module quickly controls Protective relay make and break contact is closed, while controller module uploads fault data to the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type；
    2) input power of tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device monitoring input photovoltaic string formation；When certain road When there is short circuit, open circuit in photovoltaic string formation, the controller module control of tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device The maximal power tracing module from service is made, and fault message is uploaded into the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type；
    (5) start control after the regulating device fault recovery of tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power
    When angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation works normally, the grid-connected balance controller of star-angle type obtains certain and mutually exchanges string When connection formula photovoltaic arrays need the tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device after startup separator recovery, star-angle type Tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device data after grid-connected balance controller foundation startup separator recovery, With reference to three-phase equilibrium control strategy into angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation all tandem photovoltaic square formation high_voltage isolations AC power regulating device passes down phase, frequency and the information of voltage of corresponding angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation, string Controller module is according to the phase, frequency, voltage data received in connection formula photovoltaic arrays high_voltage isolation AC power regulating device And lock-out pulse, control H electrical bridge power driving circuit is through exchange isolation output module output AC power.
CN201510603787.5A 2015-09-21 2015-09-21 Angle-style three-phase alternating current tandem photovoltaic square formation Expired - Fee Related CN105207260B (en)

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