CN102916481B - A kind of energy management method of direct current micro-grid system - Google Patents
A kind of energy management method of direct current micro-grid system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102916481B CN102916481B CN201210292158.1A CN201210292158A CN102916481B CN 102916481 B CN102916481 B CN 102916481B CN 201210292158 A CN201210292158 A CN 201210292158A CN 102916481 B CN102916481 B CN 102916481B
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- 238000007726 management methods Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 229910052493 LiFePO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000001939 inductive effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000087 stabilizing Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002457 bidirectional Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 101710014989 PaFS Proteins 0.000 description 20
- 238000010586 diagrams Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering processes Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006011 modification reactions Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to micro-grid system, particularly relate to the energy management method of direct current micro-grid system.
Background technology
Microgrid is distributed power generation (distributed generation; initialism is DG) a kind of organizational form; what it was made up of distributed power source, energy storage device, energy converter, associated loadings and supervisory control system, protective device is small-sizedly transported to electric system; can teaching display stand control, protect and manage; both can be incorporated into the power networks with external electrical network, also can isolated operation.Existing direct current micro-grid system is still in the implementation phase of modeling and simulating and small-power experimental system, seamed switching mostly is at islet operation with when being incorporated into the power networks and switching, the reliable electricity consumption requirement of the critical load comprising teledata center can not be met, if realize seamless switching, then cost is high, and it is large to control difficulty.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is the defect making up above-mentioned prior art, provides a kind of energy management method of direct current micro-grid system.
Direct current micro-grid system of the present invention comprises at least one generator unit, load, and the DC bus distribution line be arranged between generator unit and load, described generator unit comprises user side bulk power grid and the grid-connected two-way exchange/DC converter of three-phase bridge (Alternate Current/Direct Currentconverter thereof, initialism is AC/DC, hereinafter referred to as grid-connected AC/DC), bidirectional energy-storage DC to DC converter (the Direct current/Direct current converter of LiFePO4 energy-storage system and bi-directional half bridge Buck-Boost structure thereof, initialism is DC/DC, hereinafter referred to as energy storage DC/DC), and the photovoltaic DC/DC of photovoltaic generating system and employing Buck-Boost topological structure thereof (hereinafter referred to as photovoltaic DC/DC), described load comprises analog DC load and data center's load, described LiFePO4 energy-storage system is for the power fluctuation stabilizing photovoltaic generating system and send and the power supply extended when islet operation load, it is energy-conservation that described photovoltaic generating system is used for making full use of solar environment friendly.
Described grid-connected AC/DC, its AC is connected with described user side bulk power grid by the grid-connected switch as points of common connection, and DC side is connected with described DC bus distribution line.
Described energy storage DC/DC, its side is connected with described LiFePO4 energy-storage system, and opposite side is connected with described DC bus distribution line, for controlling the energy-storage battery discharge and recharge of LiFePO4 energy-storage system by the first branch breaker.
Described photovoltaic DC/DC, its side is connected with described photovoltaic generating system by header box, opposite side is connected with described DC bus distribution line by the second branch breaker, for realizing the maximal power tracing that photovoltaic generating system sends, improves Solar use efficiency.
Described analog DC load is pure resistor load, is connected with described DC bus distribution line by the 3rd branch breaker, for switching direct-current micro-grid control model.
Described data center load comprises lighting load, air conditioner load and uninterrupted (UninterruptedPower Supply, initialism is UPS) load, wherein UPS load is critical load, preferentially to critical load UPS based model for load duration reliable power supply during islet operation, described data center load is connected with described DC bus distribution line by the 4th branch breaker.
The feature of this direct current micro-grid system is:
Be provided with EMS (Energy Management System, initialism is EMS) and set up with photovoltaic DC/DC the radio sensing network communicated with described grid-connected AC/DC, energy storage DC/DC, described EMS is used for being incorporated into the power networks, islet operation time perform different control strategies respectively, optimize the operation of direct current micro-grid system, with coordinate each generator unit running status and send power.
Described EMS performs different control strategies, optimize direct-current micro-grid to run, being included in is incorporated into the power networks when being switched to islet operation, the control mode stable DC busbar voltage of DC bus-bar voltage outer shroud, outputting inductance current inner loop is adopted by described grid-connected AC/DC, be switched within the time of 20ms at the most and namely adopt the control mode of DC bus-bar voltage outer shroud, energy-storage battery side inductive current inner ring to maintain DC bus-bar voltage by described energy storage DC/DC with voltage source form to stablize, reach the requirement of seamless switching, realize teledata central concentrated load uninterrupted power supply.
The control strategy that described execution is different; optimize direct current micro-grid system to run; be included in when being incorporated into the power networks; described grid-connected AC/DC adopts the control mode of DC bus-bar voltage outer shroud, outputting inductance current inner loop; energetic interaction is realized with described user side bulk power grid; stable DC busbar voltage, when islet operation, described grid-connected AC/DC is in stopped status.
The control strategy that described execution is different, optimize direct current micro-grid system to run, be included in when being incorporated into the power networks, namely described energy storage DC/DC is operated in charge or discharge state in the mode of constant current voltage limiting with current source form, keep LiFePO4 energy-storage system state-of-charge (State of Charge as far as possible, initialism is SOC) higher than the proportion threshold value being enough to meet islet operation set, use in order to during islet operation; When islet operation, namely described energy storage DC/DC adopts the control mode of DC bus-bar voltage outer shroud, energy-storage battery side inductive current inner ring maintenance DC bus-bar voltage to stablize with voltage source form, and the proportion threshold value being enough to meet islet operation of described setting is 75% ~ 85%.
The control strategy that described execution is different, optimize direct current micro-grid system to run, also be included in when being incorporated into the power networks, described photovoltaic DC/DC is operated in maximal power tracing (MaximumPower Point Tracking, initialism is MPPT) pattern with disturbance observation method; When islet operation, described photovoltaic DC/DC sends when power is less than loading demand at photovoltaic generating system and is operated in MPPT pattern, sends when power is greater than loading demand and switches to constant voltage mode, prevent DC bus-bar voltage too high at photovoltaic generating system.
Described radio sensing network is the cordless communication network performing MODBUS-RTU communication protocol, comprise the communication server be connected with described EMS, the Zigbee network terminal be connected with the described communication server, be arranged on the Zigbee collector between described Zigbee network terminal and described grid-connected AC/DC, be arranged on the 2nd Zigbee collector between described Zigbee network terminal and described energy storage DC/DC, and the 3rd Zigbee collector be arranged between described Zigbee network terminal and described photovoltaic DC/DC, described EMS is by a zigbee collector, 2nd Zigbee collector and the 3rd Zigbee collector receive described grid-connected AC/DC respectively, the remote signalling that energy storage DC/DC and photovoltaic DC/DC uploads and telemetry intelligence (TELINT), and by a zigbee collector, 2nd Zigbee collector and the 3rd Zigbee collector are respectively to described grid-connected AC/DC, energy storage DC/DC and photovoltaic DC/DC issues remote control and remote regulating instruction.
The energy management method technical problem of direct current micro-grid system of the present invention is solved by the following technical programs.
The energy management method of this direct current micro-grid system, adopts above-mentioned direct current micro-grid system.
The feature of the energy management method of this direct current micro-grid system is:
The running status of described each generator unit of direct current micro-grid system is determined by d-c bus voltage value.
When steady operation is when DC bus-bar voltage is higher than grid-connected AC/DC commutation inversion switching threshold, system operating mode: be incorporated into the power networks, in line with the principle preferentially utilizing solar energy, the commutation inversion switching threshold setting grid-connected AC/DC is nominal DC bus voltage value, grid-connected AC/DC is operated in inverter mode, and energy storage DC/DC charges in constant current voltage limiting mode, and photovoltaic DC/DC is operated in MPPT pattern, when photovoltaic generating system send power be greater than load and energy storage charge requirement time, DC bus-bar voltage is raised.
When steady operation is when DC bus-bar voltage is lower than grid-connected AC/DC commutation inversion switching threshold, system operating mode: be incorporated into the power networks, in line with the principle preferentially utilizing solar energy, the commutation inversion switching threshold setting grid-connected AC/DC is nominal DC bus voltage value, grid-connected AC/DC is operated in rectification state, and energy storage DC/DC discharges in constant current voltage limiting mode, and photovoltaic DC/DC is operated in MPPT pattern, when photovoltaic generating system send power be less than loading demand time, DC bus-bar voltage reduce.
When energy storage DC/DC is with charge threshold stable DC busbar voltage higher than nominal DC bus voltage value, system operating mode: islet operation, grid-connected AC/DC is in stopped status, and energy storage DC/DC charges with constant voltage mode, and photovoltaic DC/DC is operated in MPPT pattern; When photovoltaic generating system send power be greater than load demand power time, DC bus-bar voltage improve.
When DC bus-bar voltage is stabilized in the maximum of system permission, system operating mode: islet operation, grid-connected AC/DC is in stopped status, and energy storage DC/DC is in stopped status, and photovoltaic DC/DC is operated in constant voltage mode.
When energy storage DC/DC is with discharge threshold stable DC busbar voltage lower than nominal DC bus voltage value, system operating mode: islet operation, grid-connected AC/DC is in stopped status, and energy storage DC/DC is in discharge condition, and photovoltaic DC/DC is operated in MPPT pattern; Photovoltaic generating system sends power when being less than load demand power, and DC bus-bar voltage reduces.
When photovoltaic generating system send power be less than load consuming power and LiFePO4 energy-storage system SOC allow lower than system lower than the proportion threshold value of the common load of excision and the DC bus-bar voltage of setting minimum value time; system operating mode: islet operation; common load is excised in line with the preferential principle to critical load UPS based model for load duration reliable power supply; ensure critical load UPS based model for load duration reliable power supply; grid-connected AC/DC is in stopped status; energy storage DC/DC is in discharge condition, and photovoltaic DC/DC is operated in MPPT pattern.
The energy management method technical problem of direct current micro-grid system of the present invention is solved by following further technical scheme.
Described nominal DC busbar voltage is 270V ~ 280V.
The setting of described charge threshold according to as follows with principle: detect maximum power and load demand power that photovoltaic generating system sends in real time, along with photovoltaic generating system sends increasing of power, DC bus-bar voltage raises, unnecessary energy is preserved to the charging of LiFePO4 energy-storage system by energy storage DC/DC, and with charge threshold stable DC busbar voltage.
The foundation of described discharge threshold setting is as follows with principle: along with photovoltaic generating system sends the reduction of power, DC bus-bar voltage reduces, not enough energy is supplemented by energy storage DC/DC electric discharge by LiFePO4 energy-storage system, and with discharge voltage threshold value stable DC busbar voltage.
The foundation of the maximum setting that described DC bus-bar voltage allows is as follows with principle: when LiFePO4 energy-storage system is in full state; energy storage DC/DC is in stopped status; along with photovoltaic generating system sends increasing of power; DC bus-bar voltage raises rapidly; according to the maximum of the maximum operating voltage scope determination DC bus-bar voltage permission that load allows, the maximum that described DC bus-bar voltage allows is 285V ~ 295V.
The minimum value setting that described DC bus-bar voltage allows according to as follows with principle: the minimum value that the minimum operating voltage range determination DC bus-bar voltage allowed according to load allows, the minimum value that described DC bus-bar voltage allows is 255V ~ 265V, now the SOC of LiFePO4 energy-storage system is lower than the proportion threshold value of the common load of excision of setting, and the proportion threshold value of the common load of excision of described setting is 30% ~ 50%.
The present invention's beneficial effect is compared with prior art: the present invention performs different control strategies, optimize direct-current micro-grid to run, being included in is incorporated into the power networks when being switched to islet operation, DC bus-bar voltage outer shroud is adopted by grid-connected AC/DC, the control mode stable DC busbar voltage of outputting inductance current inner loop, be switched within the time of 20ms at the most and namely adopt DC bus-bar voltage outer shroud by energy storage DC/DC with voltage source form, the control mode of energy-storage battery side inductive current inner ring maintains DC bus-bar voltage and stablizes, reach the requirement of seamless switching, meet the demand of teledata central concentrated load uninterrupted power supply, and owing to being DC power distribution line, do not need to configure reactive-load compensation equipment again.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the compositional block diagram of the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the compositional block diagram of the radio sensing network in Fig. 1.
Embodiment
Contrast accompanying drawing below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention will be described.
A kind of direct current micro-grid system as shown in drawings, comprises
Three generator units: user side bulk power grid 1 and capacity thereof are the grid-connected AC/DC 2 of 30kW, LiFePO4 energy-storage system 3 and energy storage DC/DC 4 thereof, and photovoltaic generating system 5 and photovoltaic DC/DC 6 thereof, LiFePO4 energy-storage system 3 comprises the energy-storage battery that capacity is 20kW × 2 hour, for stabilizing power fluctuation that photovoltaic generating system 5 sends and extending the power supply to load when islet operation, photovoltaic generating system 5 adopts 10kW photovoltaic monocrystalline silicon battery, energy-conservation for making full use of solar environment friendly;
Load: analog DC load 9 and data center's load 10, analog DC load 9 is the pure resistor load of 30kW, the DC bus distribution line 7 being 275V by the 3rd branch breaker and rated voltage is connected, for switching direct-current micro-grid control model, data center's load 10 comprises lighting load, air conditioner load and UPS load 11, and wherein UPS load is critical load;
Grid-connected AC/DC 2 AC is connected with user side bulk power grid 1 by the grid-connected switch as points of common connection, DC side is connected with DC bus distribution line 7, energy storage DC/DC 4 side is connected with LiFePO4 energy-storage system 3, opposite side is connected with DC bus distribution line 7 by the first branch breaker, for controlling the energy-storage battery discharge and recharge of LiFePO4 energy-storage system 3, photovoltaic DC/DC 6 side is connected with photovoltaic generating system 5 by header box, opposite side is connected with DC bus distribution line 7 by the second branch breaker, for realizing the maximal power tracing that photovoltaic generating system 5 sends, improve Solar use efficiency.
Be provided with EMS 8 and set up the radio sensing network 12 of the execution MODBUS-RTU communication protocol communicated with grid-connected AC/DC 2, energy storage DC/DC 4 and photovoltaic DC/DC 6, EMS 8 for being incorporated into the power networks, islet operation time perform different control strategies respectively, optimize the operation of direct current micro-grid system, with coordinate three generator units running status and send power.
Radio sensing network 12 comprises the communication server 13 be connected with EMS 8, the Zigbee network terminal 14 be connected with the communication server 13, be arranged on the Zigbee collector 15 between Zigbee network terminal 14 and grid-connected AC/DC 2, be arranged on the 2nd Zigbee collector 16 between Zigbee network terminal 14 and energy storage DC/DC 4, and the 3rd Zigbee collector 17 be arranged between Zigbee network terminal 14 and photovoltaic DC/DC 6, EMS 8 is by a zigbee collector 15, 2nd Zigbee collector 16 and the 3rd Zigbee collector 17 receive grid-connected AC/DC 2 respectively, the remote signalling that energy storage DC/DC 4 and photovoltaic DC/DC 6 uploads and telemetry intelligence (TELINT), and by a zigbee collector 15, 2nd Zigbee collector 16 and the 3rd Zigbee collector 17 are respectively to grid-connected AC/DC 2, energy storage DC/DC 4 and photovoltaic DC/DC 6 issues remote control and remote regulating instruction.
EMS 8 performs different control strategies, optimizes direct-current micro-grid and runs, comprise
Be incorporated into the power networks be switched to islet operation time, the control mode stable DC busbar voltage of DC bus-bar voltage outer shroud, outputting inductance current inner loop is adopted by grid-connected AC/DC 2, be switched within the time of 20ms at the most and namely adopt the control mode of DC bus-bar voltage outer shroud, energy-storage battery side inductive current inner ring to maintain DC bus-bar voltage by energy storage DC/DC 4 with voltage source form to stablize, reach the requirement of seamless switching, realize teledata central concentrated load uninterrupted power supply;
When being incorporated into the power networks, grid-connected AC/DC 2 adopts the control mode of DC bus-bar voltage outer shroud, outputting inductance current inner loop, realizes energetic interaction, stable DC busbar voltage with user side bulk power grid 1, and when islet operation, grid-connected AC/DC 2 is in stopped status;
When being incorporated into the power networks, namely energy storage DC/DC 4 is operated in charge or discharge state in the mode of constant current voltage limiting with current source form, keep the SOC of LiFePO4 energy-storage system 3 to be enough to higher than what set the proportion threshold value 80% meeting islet operation as far as possible, use in order to during islet operation; When islet operation, it is stable that namely energy storage DC/DC 4 adopts the control mode of DC bus-bar voltage outer shroud, energy-storage battery side inductive current inner ring to maintain DC bus-bar voltage with voltage source form;
When being incorporated into the power networks, photovoltaic DC/DC 6 is operated in MPPT pattern with disturbance observation method; When islet operation, described photovoltaic DC/DC6 sends when power is less than loading demand at photovoltaic generating system and is operated in MPPT pattern, sends when power is greater than loading demand and switches to constant voltage mode, prevent DC bus-bar voltage too high at photovoltaic generating system.
The energy management method of the specific embodiment of the present invention, comprises
The running status of three generator units is determined by d-c bus voltage value, nominal DC busbar voltage is 275V, maximum according to the maximum operating voltage scope determination DC bus-bar voltage permission of load permission is 290V, minimum value according to the minimum operating voltage range determination DC bus-bar voltage permission of load permission is 265V, and now LiFePO4 energy-storage system SOC is lower than the proportion threshold value 40% of the common load of excision of setting.
When steady operation is when DC bus-bar voltage is higher than grid-connected AC/DC 2 commutation inversion switching threshold, system operating mode: be incorporated into the power networks, in line with the principle preferentially utilizing solar energy, the commutation inversion switching threshold setting grid-connected AC/DC2 is nominal DC bus voltage value 275V, grid-connected AC/DC 2 is operated in inverter mode, energy storage DC/DC 4 charges in constant current voltage limiting mode, photovoltaic DC/DC 6 is operated in MPPT pattern, when photovoltaic generating system 5 send power be greater than load and energy storage charge requirement time, DC bus-bar voltage is raised.
When steady operation is when DC bus-bar voltage is lower than grid-connected AC/DC 2 commutation inversion switching threshold, system operating mode: be incorporated into the power networks, in line with the principle preferentially utilizing solar energy, the commutation inversion switching threshold setting grid-connected AC/DC2 is nominal DC bus voltage value 275V, grid-connected AC/DC 2 is operated in rectification state, energy storage DC/DC 4 discharges in constant current voltage limiting mode, photovoltaic DC/DC 6 is operated in MPPT pattern, when photovoltaic generating system 5 send power be less than loading demand time, DC bus-bar voltage reduce.
When energy storage DC/DC 4 is with charge threshold 280V stable DC busbar voltage higher than nominal DC bus voltage value 275V, system operating mode: islet operation, grid-connected AC/DC 2 is in stopped status, and energy storage DC/DC 4 is with constant voltage mode charging, and photovoltaic DC/DC 6 is operated in MPPT pattern; When photovoltaic generating system 5 send power be greater than load demand power time, DC bus-bar voltage improve; Charge threshold setting according to as follows with principle: detect maximum power and load demand power that photovoltaic generating system 5 sends in real time, along with photovoltaic generating system 5 sends increasing of power, DC bus-bar voltage raises, unnecessary energy is preserved to LiFePO4 energy-storage system 3 charging by energy storage DC/DC 4, and with charge threshold stable DC busbar voltage.
When DC bus-bar voltage is stabilized in the maximum 290V of system permission, system operating mode: islet operation, grid-connected AC/DC 2 is in stopped status, and energy storage DC/DC 4 is in stopped status, and photovoltaic DC/DC 6 is operated in constant voltage mode; The foundation of the maximum setting that DC bus-bar voltage allows is as follows with principle: when LiFePO4 energy-storage system 3 is in full state; energy storage DC/DC 4 is in stopped status; along with photovoltaic generating system 5 sends increasing of power; DC bus-bar voltage raises rapidly, according to the maximum of the operating voltage range determination DC bus-bar voltage permission that load allows.
When energy storage DC/DC 4 is with discharge threshold 270V stable DC busbar voltage lower than nominal DC bus voltage value 275V, system operating mode: islet operation, grid-connected AC/DC 2 is in stopped status, and energy storage DC/DC 4 is in discharge condition, and photovoltaic DC/DC 6 is operated in MPPT pattern; Photovoltaic generating system 5 sends power when being less than load demand power, and DC bus-bar voltage reduces; The foundation of discharge threshold setting is as follows with principle: along with photovoltaic generating system 5 sends the reduction of power, DC bus-bar voltage reduces, not enough energy is supplemented by energy storage DC/DC 4 electric discharge by LiFePO4 energy-storage system 3, and with discharge voltage threshold value stable DC busbar voltage.
When photovoltaic generating system 5 send power be less than load consuming power and the SOC of LiFePO4 energy-storage system 3 allow lower than system lower than the proportion threshold value 40% i.e. DC bus-bar voltage of the common load of excision of setting minimum value 265V time; system operating mode: islet operation; common load is excised in line with the preferential principle to critical load UPS based model for load duration reliable power supply; ensure critical load UPS based model for load duration reliable power supply; grid-connected AC/DC 2 is in stopped status; energy storage DC/DC 4 is in discharge condition, and photovoltaic DC/DC 6 is operated in MPPT pattern.
Above content is in conjunction with concrete preferred implementation further description made for the present invention, can not assert that specific embodiment of the invention is confined to these explanations.For general technical staff of the technical field of the invention; make some equivalent alternative or obvious modification without departing from the inventive concept of the premise; and performance or purposes identical, all should be considered as belonging to the scope of patent protection that the present invention is determined by submitted to claims.
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