CN105205311A - Complex number operation method for drawing of stratigraphic section - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a complex number operation method for drawing of a stratigraphic section. The complex number operation method comprises steps as follows: the overall direction of a polygonal course is solved by utilizing the similarity between the azimuth angle definition and the definition of a complex number argument of the actually measured stratigraphic section as well as the complex number operation features; a new coordinate system in the overall direction of the polygonal course is established, and a polygonal course plane graph position is acquired in the new coordinate system by utilizing the complex number features; in the new coordinate system, terrain inflection points are determined according to projection of the polygonal course plane graph in the overall direction of the polygonal course and accumulated height difference, and a smooth rugged terrain graph is drawn through three-point two-time smoothing; drawing of various boundary lines, drawing of lithology lines and lithological pattern filling of the actually measured stratigraphic section are performed; lengths of various boundary lines are automatically distinguished, the lithology lines are drawn automatically and gradiently, automatic filling of lithological patterns is performed, and the lithological patterns are ensured to automatically change with the apparent dip of the lithology lines. Details are processed strictly according to the standard of the actually measured stratigraphic section, the projection position of the actually measured stratigraphic section is acquired according to the complex number operation features, the input is simple, the operation is fast, and complicated work of interaction is avoided.

Description

The complex number algorithm that a kind of stratigraphic section is drawn

Technical field

The present invention relates to geologic prospect field, particularly the complex number algorithm drawn of a kind of stratigraphic section.

Background technology

Actual measurement stratigraphic section is link very important in Regional Geological Survey, be the regional Basic Geological situation of synthetic study one, determine that the rock composition on stratum, petrofacies, contact relation and extinct plants and animal compose the element task of situation of depositing, indispensable in recent mapping at regional.But the indoor arrangement of measured section data and About Drawing Figures, calculated amount is large, and work repeats loaded down with trivial details, affects the progress of whole regional geologic reconnaissance.For this reason, numerous scholar has made large quantity research to the drafting of sectional view and realization in a computer thereof: Yang Guangzhong etc. discuss zone thickness computing formula, proposes the general formula being more convenient to computer disposal; Fang Shiming etc. have studied the aided production method of folding tectonics in geologic map sectility face; Zhou Guoku etc. and Liang Minghong have studied the bearing calibration of actual measurement stratigraphic section polygon control survey point respectively; Wear the new approaches proposing the new year and determine sectional view wire general direction and position; Wang Zhu, by Delphi language manipulation AutoCAD, realizes the drafting that stratigraphic section cut by engineering drawing; Liu Jie etc. utilize mapgis platform and C Plus Plus to achieve the drafting in figure sectility face; Pei Lina is platform with ArcEngine, achieves the automatic generation in figure sectility face; Chen Zhijun etc. achieve the automatic generation in figure sectility face based on mapgis platform and repair volume function alternately; Yang Lirong etc. utilize second development interface and the .NET development language of CAD, establish the measured section drawing program with man-machine interaction; Li Yi just etc. utilizes IDL visible language and VisualFoxPro6.0 to develop to have the actual measurement stratigraphic section compilation system of 12 function sub-modules; Etc..Drawing many employings man-machine interactively mode of present stage actual measurement stratigraphic section, needs to have well understanding and grasp to the system of software or exploitation, be unfavorable for the popularization of section computer graphics, and man-machine interactively process is very consuming time.Therefore, do not need grasp software to higher degree, just can have very important realistic meaning by fast automatic drafting actual measurement stratigraphic section.

Notice and the similarity that geology measured data defines in position angle definition and plural argument make full use of complex operation feature, achieve actual measurement stratigraphic section does not need alternately and quick mapping from raw data to stratigraphic section.

Summary of the invention

Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to provide the complex number algorithm that a kind of stratigraphic section is drawn, and solves the difficult problem needing when geological personnel draws stratigraphic section skillfully to grasp geology software; Solve actual measurement stratigraphic section and draw the problem taken time and effort; Achieve stratigraphic section completely automatically and draw efficiently, and stratigraphic section carries out drawing to solve the above-mentioned multinomial defect caused in prior art in strict accordance with stratigraphic section rendering request.

For achieving the above object, the invention provides following technical scheme: the complex number algorithm that a kind of stratigraphic section is drawn, comprise the following steps:

1) the asking for of section total wire direction: utilize actual measurement stratigraphic section data bearing definition define to plural argument between similar, make geographic north, east respectively, the imaginary axis real with complex plane overlap, utilization complex operation feature, asks for total wire direction;

2) projection of wire planimetric map in new coordinate-system realizes: the new coordinate system setting up total wire direction, utilizes plural feature to obtain wire planimetric map position under new coordinate system;

3) drafting of stratigraphic section rugged topography is surveyed: the landform flex point determined in projection and the accumulative discrepancy in elevation of wire general direction according to wire planimetric map, adopts 3 secondaries round and smooth, draw round and smooth rugged topography;

4) survey stratigraphic section all kinds of boundary lines drafting, lithology line draws and lithology decorative pattern is filled: according to the boundary line marked in institute's input file and lithology thickness profile value, carry out boundary line and lithology line drafting;

5) process of details, the process for details strictly adopts the specification of actual measurement stratigraphic section, obtains its projected position according to the feature of complex operation.

Preferably, described step 1) in, calculated level distance and the discrepancy in elevation:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{W}_i=L_i\×cos{\mathrm{\β}}_i\\ h_i=L_i\×{\mathrm{sin\β}}_i\\ H_n=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\Σ}}{h}_i\end{array}\right.$

Wherein W _ifor the flat distance that each is led, h _ifor the discrepancy in elevation often led, H _nfor the tired level discrepancy in elevation, L _ifor the oblique distance that each is led, β _ifor the terrain slope angle that each is led.

Preferably, described step 1) in, utilize complex operation formula, ask for total wire orientation:

Wherein A is total wire direction, Z _ifor i leads representative plural number, W _ifor the flat distance that i leads, γ _ifor wire position angle, Re represents real part, and Im represents imaginary part.

Preferably, described step 2) in, utilize complex operation under new coordinate system, ask for the locus of wire planimetric map each point:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{Im}{Z}_i=x_i=W_i\×sin({\mathrm{\γ}}_i-\mathrm{\φ})\\ \mathrm{Re}{Z}_i=y_i=W_i\×cos({\mathrm{\γ}}_i-\mathrm{\φ})\\ X_n=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\Σ}}{x}_i\\ Y_n=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\Σ}}{y}_i\\ \mathrm{\φ}=A-\frac{\mathrm{\π}}{2};A\≤\mathrm{\π}\\ \mathrm{\φ}=A-\frac{3\mathrm{\π}}{2};A>\mathrm{\π}\end{array}\right.$

Wherein x _i, y _ifor each wire is at the new transverse and longitudinal coordinate figure sat under system, X _n, Y _nfor tired level transverse and longitudinal coordinate figure, namely tracerse point is in the locus of new coordinate system, W _i, A, γ _iconductor flat distance respectively, total wire orientation and wire position angle.

Preferably, described step 3) in, adopt 3 quadratic equations to carry out round and smooth, namely ask for the coefficient of quadratic equation with one unknown group, and draw by this equation, round and smooth rugged topography can be obtained:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{y}_{i,j}=a{x}_{i,j}^2+b{x}_{i,j}+c\\ y_{i,j+1}=a{x}_{i,j+1}^2+b{x}_{i,j+1}+c\\ y_{i,j+2}=a{x}_{i,j+2}^2+b{x}_{i,j+2}+c\end{array}\right.$

Wherein x _i,j, y _i,jfor the transverse and longitudinal coordinate after discrete, i represents topographic relief i-th section, and j represents a jth discrete point, and a, b, c are equation coefficient to be asked;

Apparent dip adopts following formula to calculate:

tanθ＝tanξ×cos(λ-A)

Wherein θ is apparent dip, and ξ is main dip, and λ is dip direction, and A is total wire direction.

Preferably, described step 4) in, the thickness of each layering on measured section is calculated by following equations group:

Wherein LH _ifor every stratification layer is thick, LET is the distance of i layer two-end-point.

The beneficial effect of above technical scheme is adopted to be: algorithm of the present invention, utilize actual measurement stratigraphic section data bearing definition define to plural argument between similar, geographic north, east are overlapped with complex plane reality, the imaginary axis respectively, uses complex operation feature, ask for total wire direction; Then set up the new coordinate system in total wire direction, under new coordinate system, utilize plural feature to obtain wire planimetric map position; Then according to the landform flex point that wire planimetric map is determined in projection and the accumulative discrepancy in elevation of wire general direction, adopt 3 secondaries round and smooth, draw round and smooth rugged topography; According to the boundary line marked in institute's input file and lithology thickness profile value, carry out boundary line and lithology line drafting; Process for details strictly adopts the specification of actual measurement stratigraphic section, obtains its projected position according to the feature of complex operation.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is program flow diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 complex plane and geographic coordinate is superimposed asks for total wire direction schematic diagram;

The foundation of the new coordinate system of Fig. 3 and wire planimetric map realize schematic diagram;

Fig. 43 round and smooth actual measurement stratigraphic section rugged topography schematic diagram;

Fig. 5 stratigraphic section boundary line is drawn, lithology line is drawn and lithology fills schematic diagram;

Fig. 6 is that the computing machine of actual measurement stratigraphic section in 1:5 ten thousand field geological mapping of In Fenghuangshan Area, In Chaohu City, Anhui Province realizes example.

Embodiment

The preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

As shown in Figure 1, the complex number algorithm that a kind of stratigraphic section is drawn, comprises the following steps:

1) the asking for of section total wire direction: utilize actual measurement stratigraphic section data bearing definition define to plural argument between similar, make geographic north, east respectively, the imaginary axis real with complex plane overlap, utilization complex operation feature, asks for total wire direction;

2) projection of wire planimetric map in new coordinate-system realizes: the new coordinate system setting up total wire direction, utilizes plural feature to obtain wire planimetric map position under new coordinate system;

3) drafting of stratigraphic section rugged topography is surveyed: the landform flex point determined in projection and the accumulative discrepancy in elevation of wire general direction according to wire planimetric map, adopts 3 secondaries round and smooth, draw round and smooth rugged topography;

4) survey stratigraphic section all kinds of boundary lines drafting, lithology line draws and lithology decorative pattern is filled, according to the boundary line marked in institute's input file and lithology thickness profile value, carry out boundary line and lithology line drafting;

5) process of details, the process for details strictly adopts the specification of actual measurement stratigraphic section, obtains its projected position according to the feature of complex operation.

Adopt following formula calculated level distance and the discrepancy in elevation

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{W}_i=L_i\×cos{\mathrm{\β}}_i\\ h_i=L_i\×{\mathrm{sin\β}}_i\\ H_n=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\Σ}}{h}_i\end{array}\right.$

Wherein W _ifor the flat distance that each is led, h _ifor the discrepancy in elevation often led, H _nfor the tired level discrepancy in elevation, L _ifor the oblique distance that each is led, β _ifor the terrain slope angle that each is led.

Above geology, the regulation of parallactic angle is from the north to the beginning, and a clockwise circle is 360 degree eastwards, begins on a complex plane from real axis positive dirction, a counterclockwise circle is 360 degree, there is similarity in the two, for the ease of calculating, this research carries out overlap (as Fig. 2) both in angle regulation.

This coordinate system is overlapping, does not affect complex operation, asks for wire general direction, and each conductor flat is apart from being equivalent to a plural Z _iradius vector length, wire position angle γ _ibe equivalent to this plural Z _iargument, the therefore end to end radius vector of wire as shown in Figure 1, is all plural Z _iand, utilize complex operation formula, ask for total wire orientation as (2) formula:

Wherein A is total wire direction, Z _ifor i leads representative plural number, W _ifor the flat distance that i leads, γ _ifor wire position angle, Re represents real part, and Im represents imaginary part.

After obtaining total wire position angle, set up new coordinate system, as shown in Figure 3.

And new coordinate system is overlapped with complex plane, overlapping with rectangular coordinate system, utilize complex operation under new coordinate system, ask for the locus of wire planimetric map each point, as (3) formula:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{Im}{Z}_i=x_i=W_i\×sin({\mathrm{\γ}}_i-\mathrm{\φ})\\ \mathrm{Re}{Z}_i=y_i=W_i\×cos({\mathrm{\γ}}_i-\mathrm{\φ})\\ X_n=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\Σ}}{x}_i\\ Y_n=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\Σ}}{y}_i\\ \mathrm{\φ}=A-\frac{\mathrm{\π}}{2};A\≤\mathrm{\π}\\ \mathrm{\φ}=A-\frac{3\mathrm{\π}}{2};A>\mathrm{\π}\end{array}\right.---\left(3\right)$

Wherein x _i, y _ifor each wire is at the new transverse and longitudinal coordinate figure sat under system, X _n, Y _nfor tired level transverse and longitudinal coordinate figure, namely tracerse point is in the locus of new coordinate system, W _i, A, γ _iconductor flat distance respectively, total wire orientation and wire position angle.Solve the X of the new coordinate system obtained _nand H _n, be the turning point (Fig. 4) of actual measurement stratigraphic section rugged topography.In order to form round and smooth topographic relief, line between turning point being carried out discrete, adopting 3 quadratic equations to carry out round and smooth.

In order to form round and smooth topographic relief, line between turning point being carried out discrete, adopting 3 quadratic equations to carry out round and smooth by mode in Fig. 4 dotted ellipse, namely the coefficient of quadratic equation with one unknown group is asked for, and draw by this equation, can obtain round and smooth rugged topography, system of equations is as follows:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{y}_{i,j}=a{x}_{i,j}^2+b{x}_{i,j}+c\\ y_{i,j+1}=a{x}_{i,j+1}^2+b{x}_{i,j+1}+c\\ y_{i,j+2}=a{x}_{i,j+2}^2+b{x}_{i,j+2}+c\end{array}\right.$

Wherein x _i,j, y _i,jfor the transverse and longitudinal coordinate after discrete, i represents topographic relief i-th section, and j represents a jth discrete point, and a, b, c are equation coefficient to be asked.Solving for this system of equations, we adopt Maximal column pivot algorithm to solve.

Apparent dip adopts (4) formula to calculate:

tanθ＝tanξ×cos(λ-A)(4)

Wherein θ is apparent dip, and ξ is main dip, and λ is dip direction, and A is total wire direction.

Measured section system boundary line, class boundary line, stratum boundary line are according to the boundary line attribute setting of input file, and can draw according to the length of 3.5cm, 3cm, 2.5cm, lithology line is drawn and drawn according to 2cm.And draw the number of every layering lithology line according to the thickness attribute in input file, thick-layer lithology line line-spacing 4mm, zero line is apart from 2mm, and lines of thin layers is apart from 1mm, and on measured section, every lift height as shown in Figure 5.

Wherein LH _ifor every stratification layer is thick, LET is the distance of i layer two-end-point.

Algorithm characteristic: input is simple, operation is rapid, avoid mutual tedious work, only needs arrangement two data files, deposits each individual-layer data information for one, deposit each occurrence information for one.

Pay attention to detail, automatically draw, time saving and energy saving, for the occurrence of (Fig. 6 (a)) on wire planimetric map, be as the criterion with the input information in table 2, determine its position under new coordinate system and the new orientation of tendency, and mark occurrence symbol with this; On wire planimetric map, (Fig. 6 (a)) is that boundary line adopts same principle to determine position, and makes to be the camber line end points line in boundary line, consistent with the direction of strata; Survey the boundary line of (Fig. 6 (b)) on stratigraphic section, adopt the stratum boundary line attribute in table 1, the program that realizes is drawn automatically; For some very thin reference laminas in stratum, the processing mode exaggerated is adopted to draw on actual measurement stratigraphic section; Attractive in appearance in order to wire planimetric map and measured section figure, translation wire adopts the mode of reserved 1cm to draw on wire planimetric map, and measured section figure does not fill lithology decorative pattern; Thin layer, middle level and thick-layer and the stratum without bedding or texture, adopt the thickness attribute in table 1, the program that realizes is drawn automatically; Lithology decorative pattern fills the decorative pattern fill area attribute adopted in table 1, and the program that realizes is drawn automatically; Engineer's scale, total wire direction and lithology fill legend, according to drafting Specification Design in program, realize automatically drawing.Taken into full account these details in program, and all achieved the automatic drafting of program, these treatment of details are embodied in Figure 5 very well.

The first step: prepare data file

A. each individual-layer data message file is deposited

Be described with an example, have four in this example and lead, wherein one lead as translation.Deposit each individual-layer data message file, as shown in table 1.

Table 1 each individual-layer data Examples of information table

Table 1 information has following explanation

1. Meaning of Information in table: the total derivative number of the first behavior in table, translation wire statistics is interior, from the second row, inputting every one deck information is successively: wire position angle, dip direction, stratigraphic dip, oblique distance, slope angle, stratum boundary line attribute, thickness attribute, decorative pattern fill area attribute, layer identification code.For the non-existent data of translation wire, all fill with 0.

2. these information only need to separate with space.

3. stratum boundary line attribute can input 1-6, and 1 to represent wire complete, and layering does not terminate, 2 represent that stratum boundary line, 3 represents class boundary line, 4 system of representatives boundary lines, 5 terminate for all layerings of representative, and only occur in last one deck, 6 represent translation wire boundary line attribute.

4. thickness attribute can input 1-5, and 1 represents thin layer, 2 represents middle level, 3 and represent thick-layer, 4 and represent and represent translation wire without bedding or texture structure, 5.

5. decorative pattern fill area attribute is four figures, and kilobit represents three large rock classes, and 1 represents sedimentogeneous rock, 2 represents metamorphosed rock, 3 and represent pyrogenic rock, and rear three decorative patterns representing a certain rock class are filled a vacancy code.

B. each occurrence data message file is deposited

Deposit the data file of occurrence information, as shown in table 2.

Table 2 occurrence Examples of information table

Explanation for table 2:

1. the input information of every a line is followed successively by: the oblique distance of the wire at occurrence place number, attitude of stratum tendency, inclination angle, occurrence place lead location.

2. the information of every a line only needs to open with space lattice.

Put two above-mentioned files in order, then direct executive routine and carry out projection and just can obtain actual measurement stratigraphic section.

Because program achieves automatic drafting, the arrangement of the time spent mainly table 1 and table 2, institute time-consuming in point, just can complete drawing in 20 minutes; And this example is from original table of measuring, by calculating manual drawing, according to the experience of band practising method, institute is time-consuming in sky, suppose one day manual drawing one width figure (actual conditions one group of 6-7 people, needs a couple of days just can complete), calculated by eight hours, therefore the efficiency of computer graphics will be at least tens times of manual drawing efficiency, be time-consumingly at most about 4% of the Hand drawing time.From picture effect, computer graphics is than Hand drawing, and view picture figure is more clean clean.

Second step: working procedure drafting pattern

In order to the practicality of verification algorithm, programme, select one of In Fenghuangshan Area, In Chaohu City, Anhui Province 1:5 ten thousand field geological mapping to survey stratigraphic section data and test.As shown in Figure 6, tafelberg is to oblique southeast wing Permian period actual measurement stratigraphic section (backhand section), and measure table according to fieldwork, according to table 1, form and the regulation of table 2 put input file in order, and then working procedure becomes figure

Above-described is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, and without departing from the concept of the premise of the invention, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. a complex number algorithm for stratigraphic section drafting, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:

1) the asking for of section total wire direction: utilize actual measurement stratigraphic section data bearing definition define to plural argument between similar, make geographic north, east respectively, the imaginary axis real with complex plane overlap, utilization complex operation feature, asks for total wire direction;

2) projection of wire planimetric map in new coordinate-system realizes: the new coordinate system setting up total wire direction, utilizes plural feature to obtain wire planimetric map position under new coordinate system;

3) drafting of stratigraphic section rugged topography is surveyed: the landform flex point determined in projection and the accumulative discrepancy in elevation of wire general direction according to wire planimetric map, adopts 3 secondaries round and smooth, draw round and smooth rugged topography;

4) survey stratigraphic section all kinds of boundary lines drafting, lithology line draws and lithology decorative pattern is filled: according to the boundary line marked in institute's input file and lithology thickness profile value, carry out boundary line and lithology line drafting, the length in all kinds of boundary line of automatic distinguishing, automatic gradual change draws lithology line, automatic filling lithology decorative pattern, guarantees that lithology flower grave changes with lithology line apparent dip and changes automatically;

5) process of details, the process for details strictly adopts the specification of actual measurement stratigraphic section, obtains its projected position according to the feature of complex operation.

2. the complex number algorithm of stratigraphic section drafting according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step 1) in, calculated level distance and the discrepancy in elevation, as shown in the formula:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{W}_i=L_i\×cos{\mathrm{\β}}_i\\ h_i=L_i\×{\mathrm{sin\β}}_i\\ H_n=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\Σ}}{h}_i\end{array}\right.$

Wherein W _ifor the flat distance that each is led, h _ifor the discrepancy in elevation often led, H _nfor the tired level discrepancy in elevation, L _ifor the oblique distance that each is led, β _ifor the terrain slope angle that each is led.

The complex number algorithm that stratigraphic section according to claim 1 is drawn, is characterized in that, described step 1) in, utilize complex operation formula, ask for total wire orientation:

Wherein A is total wire direction, Z _ifor i leads representative plural number, W _ifor the flat distance that i leads, γ _ifor wire position angle, Re represents real part, and Im represents imaginary part.

3. the complex number algorithm of stratigraphic section drafting according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step 2) in, utilize complex operation under new coordinate system, ask for the space of wire planimetric map each point

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{Im}{Z}_i=x_i=W_i\×sin({\mathrm{\γ}}_i-\mathrm{\φ})\\ \mathrm{Re}{Z}_i=y_i=W_i\×cos({\mathrm{\γ}}_i-\mathrm{\φ})\\ X_n=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\Σ}}{x}_i\\ Y_n=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\Σ}}{y}_i\\ \mathrm{\φ}=A-\frac{\mathrm{\π}}{2};A\≤\mathrm{\π}\\ \mathrm{\φ}=A-\frac{3\mathrm{\π}}{2};A>\mathrm{\π}\end{array}\right.$

Position:

Wherein x _i, y _ifor each wire is at the new transverse and longitudinal coordinate figure sat under system, X _n, Y _nfor tired level transverse and longitudinal coordinate figure, namely tracerse point is in the locus of new coordinate system, W _i, A, γ _iconductor flat distance respectively, total wire orientation and wire position angle.

4. the complex number algorithm of stratigraphic section drafting according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step 3) in, 3 quadratic equations are adopted to carry out round and smooth, namely ask for the coefficient of quadratic equation with one unknown group, and draw by this equation, round and smooth rugged topography can be obtained:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{y}_{i,j}=a{x}_{i,j}^2+b{x}_{i,j}+c\\ y_{i,j+1}=a{x}_{i,j+1}^2+b{x}_{i,j+1}+c\\ y_{i,j+2}=a{x}_{i,j+2}^2+b{x}_{i,j+2}+c\end{array}\right.$

Wherein x _i,j, y _i,jfor the transverse and longitudinal coordinate after discrete, i represents topographic relief i-th section, and j represents a jth discrete point, and a, b, c are equation coefficient to be asked;

Apparent dip adopts following formula to calculate:

tanθ＝tanξ×cos(λ-A)

Wherein θ is apparent dip, and ξ is main dip, and λ is dip direction, and A is total wire direction.

5. the complex number algorithm of stratigraphic section drafting according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step 4) in, the thickness of each layering on measured section is calculated by following equations group:

Wherein LH _ifor every stratification layer is thick, LET is the distance of i layer two-end-point.