CN105204012A - Optical closed-loop pointing mechanism for Fourier telescopy U-shaped base lines - Google Patents
Optical closed-loop pointing mechanism for Fourier telescopy U-shaped base lines Download PDFInfo
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- CN105204012A CN105204012A CN201510620893.4A CN201510620893A CN105204012A CN 105204012 A CN105204012 A CN 105204012A CN 201510620893 A CN201510620893 A CN 201510620893A CN 105204012 A CN105204012 A CN 105204012A
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- mirror
- relay lens
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- baseline
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
Abstract
The invention provides an optical closed-loop pointing mechanism for Fourier telescopy U-shaped base lines and relates to the fields of optical synthetic aperture technology and the beam steering technology. The mechanism comprises a U-shaped base line mechanism and an optical closed-loop pointing mechanism body. The U-shaped base line mechanism is composed of two parallel base lines and a base line orthogonal to the parallel base lines. The optical closed-loop pointing mechanism body comprises a beacon light source, a monitoring camera, a relay lens and a pointing lens, wherein the relay lens and the pointing lens are installed on the U-shaped base line mechanism. Light is emitted by the beacon light source, reflected by the pointing lens and the relay lens and then converged to the target surface of the monitoring camera. The angle of the pointing lens is adjusted, so that the mass center of a beacon light spot coincides with the center of the target surface of the monitoring camera. According to the optical closed-loop pointing mechanism for the Fourier telescopy U-shaped base lines, the one-dimension size of the base lines of a transmitting system is compressed by a half, and thus the transmitting system is smaller in size and more compact in structure. A transmitted laser can be accurately aligned with a target, and the image signal to noise ratio and the image quality can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical synthesis aperture technology and Beam Control technical field, be specifically related to look in the distance the U-shaped baseline of art and optics closed loop directing mechanism for Fourier.
Background technology
Laser active illuminated imaging technology overcomes imaging and passive imaging technology distance and closely and to lamp relies on the shortcomings such as large, become one of study hotspot in recent years, it utilizes the imaging of laser interference field technology, the amplitude that the different space frequency component that can pass through to comprise in acquisition target scattering energy is corresponding and phase information, reconstruct target image.An important branch of this technology is that Fourier looks in the distance art imaging technique (ImagingtechniqueofFouriertelescopeorFouriertelescopy, FT), cardinal principle is utilize active laser to throw light on generate the difference interference pattern of various expectation at target surface thus realize high-resolution imaging to target.
Through finding the retrieval of prior art document, the look in the distance baseline configuration of art of the Fourier reported comprises, circle, Y type, cruciform, T-shaped, square formation and hexagon.But from the comparison of several factors such as effective Fourier components number, constructional simplicity, Postprocessing technique complexity and signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), for remote static target imaging, everybody gives tacit consent to and adopts T-type structure as the normal structure launching baseline.GLINT plan (synchronous orbit photoimaging government test platform) of U.S.'s proposition in about 2000 just have employed T-shaped baseline.But T-shaped baseline long-armed is 2 times of galianconism, is unfavorable for the compression of imaging system overall dimensions.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve problems of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of can be by the longer one dimension size compression of emission coefficient 1/2 U-shaped launching base line structure, this structure is installed optics closed loop beam-pointing mechanism.
The technical scheme that technical solution problem of the present invention adopts is as follows:
Fourier looks in the distance the optics closed loop directing mechanism of the U-shaped baseline of art, and this mechanism comprises: U-shaped baseline mechanism and optics closed loop directing mechanism; U-shaped baseline mechanism is made up of with a baseline orthogonal with parallel baseline two baselines be parallel to each other; Optics closed loop directing mechanism comprises: beacon light source, monitor camera and the relay lens that is arranged in U-shaped baseline mechanism and point to mirror; Beacon light source sends light, after pointing to mirror and relay lens reflection, converges to the target surface monitoring camera; The angle of mirror is pointed in adjustment, makes the barycenter of beacon hot spot and the target surface center superposition monitoring camera; When transmitted beam covers relay lens and after pointing to mirror, reflexes to target; When the angle pointing to mirror changes, cause transmitted beam to depart from target, according to the corresponding relation pointed between the deflection angle of mirror and the barycenter bias monitoring camera, revise the sensing angle pointing to mirror, make beacon hot spot again with target surface center superposition, at this moment transmitted beam accurately points to target again.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention is by the one dimension size (T-shaped baseline long-armed) of emission coefficient baseline compression 1/2, and from making, emission coefficient size is less, more compact structure.Emission Lasers can be realized aim at the accurate of target, improve imaging signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) and image quality.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 Fourier of the present invention looks in the distance the optics closed loop directing mechanism structural representation of the U-shaped baseline of art.
Fig. 2 optics closed loop of the present invention directing mechanism principle schematic.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further details.
Two parallel baselines, equal with the length of three baseline orthogonal with parallel baseline, three forms U-shaped baseline configuration.Point to mirror and relay lens if all baselines are covered with, then the shape pointing to mirror and relay lens array is U-shaped, and this structure can realize instantaneous imaging, is applicable to motive target imaging.Launch three-beam to static target imaging if adopted, then baseline position places translation stage simultaneously, the slide block of each translation stage is settled one point to mirror or relay lens, realizes the imaging to static target, the explanation of detailed in Example 1 by rational light path layout.
As shown in Figure 1, U-shaped baseline in the present invention can realize utilizing launches three light beams to static target imaging simultaneously, and U-shaped baseline configuration comprises left fixed directional mechanism 1, right fixed directional mechanism 2, horizontal scanning mechanism 3, left vertical sweep mechanism 4 and right vertical sweep mechanism 5.Left fixed directional mechanism 1 provides fixed directional light beam for obtaining target first quartile spectrum value, comprises and points to mirror 1-1 and relay lens 1-2.Point to mirror 1-1 directly over relay lens 1-2.Right fixed directional mechanism 2 provides fixed directional light beam for obtaining target second quadrant spectrum value, comprises and points to mirror 2-1, relay lens 2-2 and relay lens 2-3.Point to mirror 2-1 directly over relay lens 2-2, relay lens 2-3 is in the front of relay lens 2-2 and be placed on the slide block of the translation stage of front and back orientation.When left fixed directional mechanism 1 works, relay lens 2-3 moves to the position that solid line represents, avoids being in the light; When right fixed directional mechanism 2 works, relay lens 2-3 moves to the position that dotted line represents, blocks the light beam pointing to relay lens 1-2, this light beam is guided to relay lens 2-2.Horizontal scanning mechanism 3 provides horizontal scanning light beam for obtaining the first and second quadrant spectrum values, comprises and points to mirror 3-1, relay lens 3-2 and horizontal moving stage 3-3.Point to mirror 3-1 to be positioned at directly over relay lens 3-2, and both are all fixed on the slide block of horizontal moving stage 3-3.Left vertical sweep mechanism 4 provides vertical sweep light beam for obtaining first quartile spectrum value, comprises and points to mirror 4-1, relay lens 4-2, relay lens 4-3 and vertical translation stage 4-4.Point to the front-right that mirror 4-1 is positioned at relay lens 4-2, both are all fixed on the slide block of vertical translation stage 4-4.Relay lens 4-3 is positioned at immediately below relay lens 4-2, is fixed on the stiff end of vertical translation stage 4-4 lower end.Right vertical sweep mechanism 5 provides vertical sweep light beam for obtaining the second quadrant spectrum value, comprises and points to mirror 5-1, relay lens 5-2, relay lens 5-3 and vertical translation stage 5-4.Point to mirror 5-1 to be positioned at directly over relay lens 5-2, be fixed on the slide block of vertical translation stage 5-4.Relay lens 5-2 is positioned at the dead astern of relay lens 5-3, is fixed on the stiff end of vertical translation stage 5-4 lower end.Relay lens 5-3 is placed on the slide block of the translation stage of front and back orientation.When left vertical sweep mechanism 4 works, relay lens 5-3 moves to the position that solid line represents, avoids being in the light; When right vertical sweep mechanism 5 works, relay lens 5-3 moves to the position that dotted line represents, blocks the light beam pointing to relay lens 4-3, this light beam is guided to relay lens 5-2.
Optics closed loop beam-pointing mechanism
Fig. 2 is the principle of work schematic diagram of optics closed loop beam-pointing mechanism.The calibration of beacon beam and Emission Lasers was first carried out before normal work.The light that beacon light source 6 (natural source or artificial source, be positioned at target proximity) sends, directed mirror 7 part receives, and then after the reflection of relay lens 8 and dichronic mirror 9, is converged to the target surface monitoring camera 11 by optical lens 10.The angle of mirror 7 is pointed in adjustment, makes the barycenter of beacon hot spot and the target surface center superposition monitoring camera, as shown in fine line in figure.At this moment the light beam that sends of lasing light emitter 12 through dichronic mirror 9 transmission and relay lens 8, point to mirror 7 reflection after, accurately point to target 13, as shown in heavy line in figure.When normally working, owing to pointing to the impact of the factors such as the translation of mirror 7 and vibration, making the angle change pointing to mirror 7, thus causing transmitted beam to depart from target.By monitoring that the barycenter bias of beacon hot spot measured by camera 11, as shown in actual situation line in figure, according to the corresponding relation pointed between the deflection angle of mirror 7 and the barycenter bias monitoring camera 11, revise the sensing angle pointing to mirror 7, make beacon hot spot again with target surface center superposition, at this moment transmitted beam accurately points to target again.It can thus be appreciated that point to mirror 2 and monitor that camera 6 forms an optics closed loop, by monitoring that the barycenter bias of camera 6 can revise the angle pointing to mirror 7, therefore this beam-pointing mechanism is called as optics closed loop beam-pointing mechanism.
Point to mirror 7, both can receive beacon beam, and Emission Lasers accurately can be pointed to target again.Generally, point to mirror 1 to be made up of optical mirror and angle adjusting mechanism two parts.Optical mirror selective metal mirror, also optional dielectric mirror.For high power laser light application, preferably select dielectric mirror, prevent mirror damage.Optical mirror should all have very high reflectivity, general >90% to beacon beam and Emission Lasers, preferably can higher than 99%.Angle adjusting mechanism can realize two-dimentional pitching/orientation angles and regulate.Angular adjustment precision is higher, and the pointing accuracy of Emission Lasers is higher.Angle of regulation range is larger, and the sensing scope of Emission Lasers is larger.Generally according to angular adjustment precision and the scope of the factor choose reasonable angle adjusting mechanisms such as actual imaging Distance geometry target area.
Relay lens 8 can change the direction of beacon beam and Emission Lasers simultaneously, can select the quantity adopted according to actual needs.Relay lens 8 is also made up of optical mirror and angle adjusting mechanism two parts.Identical with sensing mirror 7 to the requirement of optical mirror.Generally, the angle changing light beam due to relay lens 8 is fixing, such as 90 °, so the fast knot structure that angle adjusting mechanism can adopt angle fixing, thus reduces because temperature variation or vibration cause the change at beam deflection angle.
Translation stage can realize vertical translation and realize horizontal translation.Their effect is that sensing mirror 7 is moved to required baseline position.
The Main Function of dichronic mirror 9 makes Emission Lasers much more as far as possible obtain transmission (or reflection), and beacon beam is many as far as possible must be reflected (or transmission), improves the utilization factor to beacon beam and Emission Lasers.If beacon beam is narrow band light, such as 635nm, and Emission Lasers is 532nm, then dichroic mirror can be adopted.Dichroic mirror can ensure transmissivity (or reflectivity) >90% to 635nm, to reflectivity (or transmissivity) >90% of 532nm.For high power laser light application, preferably select dielectric mirror, prevent mirror damage.
Optical lens 10 realizes the convergence to beacon light beam, is monitoring that camera 11 target surface forms less hot spot.In general, the focal length of optical lens 10 is longer, higher to the resolution of beacon beam angle change; The aperture of optical lens 10 is larger, to beacon beam angle change measurement range greatly.According to embody rule, rational focal length and aperture scale should be selected.
Monitor that camera 11 realizes the imaging to beacon hot spot, the bias at facula mass center and target surface center can be measured.Monitor camera 11 alternative arrays detector, such as CCD camera or CMOS camera.In general, monitor that the Pixel Dimensions of camera 11 is less, higher to the resolution of beacon beam angle change; Monitor that the target surface of camera 11 is larger, the measurement range changed beacon beam angle greatly.According to embody rule, rational pixel and target surface size should be selected.
Claims (4)
1. Fourier looks in the distance the optics closed loop directing mechanism of the U-shaped baseline of art, and it is characterized in that, this mechanism comprises: U-shaped baseline mechanism and optics closed loop directing mechanism; Described U-shaped baseline mechanism is made up of with a baseline orthogonal with parallel baseline two baselines be parallel to each other; Optics closed loop directing mechanism comprises: beacon light source, monitor camera and the relay lens that is arranged in U-shaped baseline mechanism and point to mirror; Beacon light source sends light, after pointing to mirror and relay lens reflection, converges to the target surface monitoring camera; The angle of mirror is pointed in adjustment, makes the barycenter of beacon hot spot and the target surface center superposition monitoring camera; When transmitted beam covers relay lens and after pointing to mirror, reflexes to target; When the angle pointing to mirror changes, cause transmitted beam to depart from target, according to the corresponding relation pointed between the deflection angle of mirror and the barycenter bias monitoring camera, revise the sensing angle pointing to mirror, make beacon hot spot again with target surface center superposition, at this moment transmitted beam accurately points to target again.
2. Fourier according to claim 1 looks in the distance the optics closed loop directing mechanism of the U-shaped baseline of art, it is characterized in that, described in be arranged on the relay lens in U-shaped baseline mechanism and point to mirror for dynamically installing.
3. Fourier according to claim 1 looks in the distance the optics closed loop directing mechanism of the U-shaped baseline of art, and it is characterized in that, described optics closed loop directing mechanism also comprises: dichronic mirror and optical lens; The described light reflected by relay lens, via dichronic mirror and optical lens, converges to the target surface monitoring camera.
4. Fourier according to claim 1 looks in the distance the optics closed loop directing mechanism of the U-shaped baseline of art, it is characterized in that, described relay lens and point to mirror and be all made up of catoptron and angle adjusting mechanism.
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Citations (4)
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| US20100110208A1 (en) * | 2008-10-30 | 2010-05-06 | The Boeing Company | Method And Apparatus For Superresolution Imaging |
| CN103558684A (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2014-02-05 | 中国科学院国家天文台南京天文光学技术研究所 | Synthetic aperture type high-resolution imaging telescope device based on bright source |
| CN104267406A (en) * | 2014-09-03 | 2015-01-07 | 中国科学院云南天文台 | Diffuse reflection laser ranging and high resolution imaging synchronous measurement photoelectric telescope system |
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- 2015-09-25 CN CN201510620893.4A patent/CN105204012B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
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| US20100110208A1 (en) * | 2008-10-30 | 2010-05-06 | The Boeing Company | Method And Apparatus For Superresolution Imaging |
| CN101441272A (en) * | 2008-12-22 | 2009-05-27 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Indoor imaging system of Fourier telescope |
| CN103558684A (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2014-02-05 | 中国科学院国家天文台南京天文光学技术研究所 | Synthetic aperture type high-resolution imaging telescope device based on bright source |
| CN104267406A (en) * | 2014-09-03 | 2015-01-07 | 中国科学院云南天文台 | Diffuse reflection laser ranging and high resolution imaging synchronous measurement photoelectric telescope system |
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