CN105202609A - Heat pump system capable of using atmospheric natural cold source to increase working medium liquid supercooling degree and used for heat supply - Google Patents
Heat pump system capable of using atmospheric natural cold source to increase working medium liquid supercooling degree and used for heat supply Download PDFInfo
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- CN105202609A CN105202609A CN201510694982.3A CN201510694982A CN105202609A CN 105202609 A CN105202609 A CN 105202609A CN 201510694982 A CN201510694982 A CN 201510694982A CN 105202609 A CN105202609 A CN 105202609A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a heat pump system capable of using an atmospheric natural cold source to increase working medium liquid supercooling degree and used for heat supply. All components of the system form a closed working cycle loop; when the heat pump system is used for heating in winter, a working medium liquid is required to be introduced to at least one of an air-cooled evaporator before entering throttling elements to realize heat exchange with atmosphere with lower temperature and a low-pressure working medium gas in a compressor, the working medium liquid cannot enter the throttling elements of other air-cooled evaporators until the supercooling degree of the working medium liquid is remarkably increased, then the working medium liquid subjected to throttling and depressurizing enter the air-cooled evaporators to absorb low-grade heat energy in the atmosphere, and after the temperature is increased, a working medium gas enters a water-cooling condenser and is discharged to heating hot water. The system fully utilizes the atmospheric natural cold source to increase the supercooling degree of the working medium liquid entering the throttling elements, so that the operating energy efficiency level and the reliability are effectively improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to building central heating technical field of heat pumps, particularly utilize air natural cooling source to increase the heating heat pump of worker quality liquid degree of supercooling.
Background technology
Electric heat pump system is the high-efficiency cleaning technical equipment, the particularly key city in very cold area of building heating, supplying hot water, and the effects of energy saving and emission reduction using electric heat pump to bring is especially obvious.In order to make electric heat pump system can at stable and high effective operation under cold climate conditions, Chinese invention patent 200510063463.3 proposes a kind of heat pump with injector and liquid storage subcooler or refrigeration system, this heat pump adopts compressor and the liquid storage subcooler of band gas compensation function, couple together between them with injector, form the tonifying Qi loop of heat pump.After increasing tonifying Qi loop, this heat pump can be made in low temperature environment according to accurate two-stage compression-injection combined-circulation work, effectively can increase worst cold case heating capacity and the Energy Efficiency Ratio of heat pump, successfully solve heat pump at cold district efficiently, the technical barrier of stably whole year operation.
Apply in Practical Project to make patent 200510063463.3 better, play benefit, patent 201520217534.X proposes a kind of building formula central heating heat pump of replacement for small boiler, solve further the energy adjustment of this heat pump in actual motion, highly effective defrosting, heat with refrigeration work patten transformation etc. technical problem, the efficiency level of its actual motion and reliability are all significantly improved, efficient, the clean technical scheme of little miniature boiler as building central heating can be substituted.
Above-mentioned heat pump is when practical application, for the heating system of fan coil as end heat dissipation equipment, the temperature of supplying hot water is 45 DEG C ~ 50 DEG C, and for the heating system of radiator as end heat dissipation equipment, the temperature of supplying hot water is 60 DEG C ~ 65 DEG C, so temperature during worker quality liquid outflow condenser is higher, according to the degree of supercooling producing about 5 DEG C within the condenser, then the temperature of liquid outflow condenser is about 40 DEG C and 60 DEG C respectively.On the other hand, outside air temperature is always lower in heating period, such as, the Beijing area lowest temperature can be low to moderate-15 DEG C, contains the abundant and natural cooling source that can freely utilize.Therefore, there is the huge temperature difference between high-pressure working medium liquid and outdoor air.If this temperature difference of Appropriate application, worker quality liquid is entered to produce before expansion valve larger excessively cold, effectively can increase the refrigerating capacity of working medium in evaporimeter, namely absorb the ability of air low grade heat energy.Such as, for working medium R134a, its unit mass that analysis meter calculates is with in the change of degree of supercooling, and when degree of supercooling becomes 60 DEG C from 5 DEG C, its specific refrigerating effect adds about 60%.So, how to utilize natural cooling source to serve heat pump fully, effectively improve efficiency level and the reliability of heat pump operation, just seem in practical engineering application very urgent.On the other hand, evaporimeter defrosting also needs heat, combines cold for the mistake of worker quality liquid with evaporimeter defrosting, can improve heat pump further and obtain efficiency level and reliability, can also simplify the formation of heat pump.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention, improve potentiality for the performance still existed in above-mentioned prior art, there is provided a kind of structure simple, system cloud gray model efficiency level and reliability are significantly improved, without the need to arranging defrost system specially, make full use of air natural cooling source to increase the heating heat pump entering restricting element worker quality liquid degree of supercooling.
In order to realize above-mentioned goal of the invention, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows: a kind of heating heat pump utilizing air natural cooling source to increase worker quality liquid degree of supercooling, this system comprises compressor (1), gas exhaust piping (2), suction line (3), tonifying Qi pipeline (4), oil feed line (5), oil eliminator (6), water-cooled condenser (7), economizer (8), magnetic valve A (9), magnetic valve B (10), two-step throttle element (11), wind-cooled evaporator (12), magnetic valve C (13), magnetic valve D (14), gas-liquid separator (15), one-level restricting element (16), oil container (17), heat exchanger (18), by-passing valve (19).The exhaust outlet of compressor (1) is connected with gas exhaust piping (2), the air entry of compressor (1) is connected with suction line (3), the gas supplementing opening of compressor (1) is connected with tonifying Qi pipeline (4), and the oil-feed port of compressor (1) is connected with oil feed line (5); Gas exhaust piping (2) connects with the import of oil eliminator (6), the outlet of oil eliminator (6) connects with the working medium import of water-cooled condenser (7), and the sender property outlet of condenser (7) connects with the import of economizer (8); The gas outlet on economizer (8) top is connected with tonifying Qi pipeline (4) by one-level restricting element (16); The oil-out of oil eliminator (6) bottom connects with oil container (17) import, and oil container (17) outlet connects with oil feed line (5); Wind-cooled evaporator (12) is multiple stage parallel connection structure, and every platform wind-cooled evaporator (12) all configures corresponding magnetic valve A (9), magnetic valve B (10), two-step throttle element (11), magnetic valve C (13) and magnetic valve D (14).It is characterized in that: the liquid outlet of economizer (8) only connects with the import of magnetic valve A (9), does not connect with the import of magnetic valve B (10); Two-step throttle element (11) is connected to after magnetic valve B (10), the outlet of two-step throttle element (11) and magnetic valve A (9) connects with the import of wind-cooled evaporator (12), and the outlet of wind-cooled evaporator (12) connects with the import of magnetic valve C (13) and magnetic valve D (14); The outlet of magnetic valve C (13) is connected with the import of gas-liquid separator (15) afterwards by heat exchanger (18), and the outlet of gas-liquid separator (15) connects with suction line (3); The outlet of magnetic valve D (14) is connected by the import of heat exchanger (18) with magnetic valve B (10).The high-pressure working medium liquid of heat exchanger (18) is communicated with into and out of Guan Jun by by-passing valve (19) into and out of pipe with low pressure working fluid gas.
Described a kind of heating heat pump utilizing air natural cooling source to increase worker quality liquid degree of supercooling, it is characterized in that, heat exchanger (18) can save completely in the entire system or make it under Part load, be in off working state by by-passing valve (19).
Described a kind of heating heat pump utilizing air natural cooling source to increase worker quality liquid degree of supercooling, is characterized in that, this heat pump is the heat pump of single stage compress, the band heat pump of economizer or the heat pump of Two-stage Compression; Also or the heat pump of separately heating or not only heated but also the heat pump of cooling.
Described a kind of heating heat pump utilizing air natural cooling source to increase worker quality liquid degree of supercooling, it is characterized in that, can connect between the outlet of magnetic valve D (14) and the import of magnetic valve B (10) and access liquid storing barrel (28) and working medium pump (27), the outlet of liquid storing barrel (28) connects the liquid sucting port of working medium pump (27); Also liquid storing barrel (28) can be saved.
Described a kind of heating heat pump utilizing air natural cooling source to increase worker quality liquid degree of supercooling, is characterized in that, this system can with a triple valve E (21) alternative two adjacent and the magnetic valve that switching sequence is contrary or two-port valves.
Described compressor, is characterized in that, compressor (1) is separate unit or multiple stage, and the type of attachment of each compressor (1) is in parallel or string also series-parallel connection.
The present invention adopts heat exchanger and multiple stage wind-cooled evaporator, and corresponding Working fluid flow converting system, each parts form the working cycles loop closed according to above-mentioned connection order, when this heat pump heats in the winter time, worker quality liquid needs at least one first in wind-cooled evaporator before entering restricting element, with the lower air of temperature with go the low pressure working fluid gas of compressor to produce heat exchange, the degree of supercooling of worker quality liquid is made to enlarge markedly the rear restricting element that just to enter in wind-cooled evaporator all the other, reducing pressure by regulating flow laggard enter wind-cooled evaporator, absorb the low grade heat energy in air, discharge in water-cooled condenser after promoting temperature to heating hot water, this heat pump can make full use of air natural cooling source to increase the degree of supercooling entering restricting element worker quality liquid, effectively improves its efficiency level run and reliability, air natural cooling source is utilized to produce the wind-cooled evaporator alternately rotation in an orderly manner successively of cold wind-cooled evaporator and absorption air heat energy, enlarge markedly the degree of supercooling of worker quality liquid before throttling, the defrosting operation of evaporimeter can be realized again simultaneously, eliminate the defrost system for this reason arranged, system is simplified.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and concrete embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Fig. 1 is the anatomical connectivity figure of the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 2 is the anatomical connectivity figure of the embodiment of the present invention two.
Fig. 3 is the anatomical connectivity figure of the embodiment of the present invention three.
Number in the figure illustrates:
1-compressor, 2-gas exhaust piping, 3-suction line, 4-tonifying Qi pipeline, 5-oil feed line, 6-oil eliminator, 7-water-cooled condenser, 8-economizer, 9-magnetic valve A, 10-magnetic valve B, 11-two-step throttle element, 12-wind-cooled evaporator, 13-magnetic valve C, 14-magnetic valve D, 15-gas-liquid separator, 16-one-level restricting element, 17-oil container, 18-heat exchanger, 19-by-passing valve, 20-four-way change-over valve, 21-triple valve E, 22-three grades of restricting elements, 23-triple valve F, 24-triple valve G, 25-triple valve H, 26-triple valve I, 27-working medium pump, 28-liquid storing barrel.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment one
The central heating heat pump of this embodiment is mainly used in construction area at 500M
2~ 50,000M
2between the heating of building or some next-door neighbour's building or hot water, primarily of three helical-lobe compressors (1) with gas supplementing opening and oil-feed port, gas exhaust piping (2), suction line (3), tonifying Qi pipeline (4), oil feed line (5), oil eliminator (6), water-cooled condenser (7), economizer (8), magnetic valve A (9), magnetic valve B (10), two-step throttle element (11), four wind-cooled evaporators (12), magnetic valve C (13), magnetic valve D (14), gas-liquid separator (15), one-level restricting element (16), oil container (17) and heat exchanger (18) composition.The exhaust outlet of three compressors (1), air entry, gas supplementing opening, oil-feed port are respectively with gas exhaust piping (2), suction line (3), tonifying Qi pipeline (4), be connected with oil feed line (5).Wind-cooled evaporator (12) is four and is connected in parallel, and every platform wind-cooled evaporator (12) all configures corresponding magnetic valve A (9), magnetic valve B (10), two-step throttle element (11), magnetic valve C (13), magnetic valve D (14).The connected mode of this system is as follows: gas exhaust piping (2) connects with the import of oil eliminator (6), the outlet of oil eliminator (6) connects with the working medium import of water-cooled condenser (7), the sender property outlet of condenser (7) connects with the inlet of economizer (8), the liquid outlet of economizer (8) connects with the import of magnetic valve A (9), and do not connect with the import of magnetic valve B (10), two-step throttle element (11) is connect after magnetic valve B (10), the outlet of two-step throttle element (11) and magnetic valve A (9) connects with the import of wind-cooled evaporator (12), the outlet of wind-cooled evaporator (12) connects with the import of magnetic valve C (13) and magnetic valve D (14), the outlet of magnetic valve C (13) is connected with the import of gas-liquid separator (15) afterwards by heat exchanger (18), and the outlet of gas-liquid separator (15) connects with suction line (3), the outlet of magnetic valve D (14) is connected by the import of heat exchanger (18) with magnetic valve B (10), the high-pressure working medium liquid of heat exchanger (18) is communicated with into and out of Guan Jun by by-passing valve (19) into and out of pipe with low pressure working fluid gas, the gas outlet at economizer (8) top is connected with tonifying Qi pipeline (4) by one-level restricting element (16), the oil-out of oil eliminator (6) bottom connects with oil container (17) import, and oil container (17) outlet connects with oil feed line (5).
Each parts form the working cycles loop closed according to above-mentioned connection order, the built-in working medium in this loop and lubricating oil, during compressor operating, the HTHP Working medium gas of discharging makes working medium and lubricating oil separation through oil eliminator (6), isolated lubricant oil collection is for subsequent use to oil container (17), Working medium gas enter water-cooled condenser (7) and heat release give heating hot water, working fluid condenses enters economizer (8) after becoming liquid, working medium produces gas in economizer (8), liquid phase-splitting, namely there is the upper space of economizer (8) in gas phase, and lower space accumulates liquid phase working fluid.The Working medium gas at economizer (8) top flows into tonifying Qi pipeline (4) after one-level restricting element (16) reducing pressure by regulating flow, is sucked afterwards by the gas supplementing opening of compressor.Four wind-cooled evaporator (12) parallel connection configurations of native system, wherein an evaporimeter is used for the excessively cold of worker quality liquid, and the magnetic valve A (9) of this evaporimeter and magnetic valve D (14) opens and magnetic valve B (10) and magnetic valve C (13) disconnects; Other three in running order, the magnetic valve A (9) of these three evaporimeters and magnetic valve D (14) disconnect and magnetic valve B (10) and magnetic valve C (13) unlatching; The higher temperature worker quality liquid come from economizer (8) entered that cold evaporimeter through magnetic valve A (9), the ambient air lower with temperature carries out heat exchange, if this evaporimeter previously had frost layer, high temperature refrigerant liquid first carries out heat exchange for ambient air lower with temperature again after defrosting, enters heat exchanger (18) continue to carry out heat exchange with its excess-three platform evaporimeter cryogenic fluid gas out from this evaporimeter worker quality liquid out; The worker quality liquid temperature of outflow heat exchanger (18) is lower, degree of supercooling is larger, there is larger refrigerating capacity, enter the import of two-step throttle element (11), those three evaporimeters being in normal operating conditions are entered after throttling, become Working medium gas after absorbing air low grade heat energy, sucked by compressor (1) after heat exchanger (18), gas-liquid separator (15).Cross colod-application evaporimeter and in running order evaporimeter to the just alternately rotation in order of certain hour interval delta T, i.e. excessively cold for worker quality liquid in current Δ T of certain evaporimeter, then in running order in ensuing three Δ T, so repeat down.Δ T adjusts automatically according to the atmospheric temperature detected and humidity, and when temperature is 5 DEG C ~-5 DEG C scopes, when relative humidity is more than or equal to 75%, Δ T is adjusted to 10min, and when relative humidity is less than 75%, Δ T is adjusted to 15min; In all the other situations, Δ T is adjusted to 20min.This heat pump, do not need to arrange special defrost system, System's composition is fairly simple.Every compressor all configures oil level controllers, and when oil level is higher than higher limit, oil feed line is cut off, fuel cut-off; When oil level is lower than lower limit, oil feed line is opened, to compressor oil-supplying.Like this, according to the oil mass demand of every compressor, oil container (17) can pass through oil feed line (5) in time to every compressor repairing.
Consider heat transfer effect and drag losses that heat exchanger (18) produces, when temperature is higher than 10 DEG C or lower than-10 DEG C, two by-passing valves of the import and export of heat exchanger (18) are opened, and heat exchanger (18) is quit work.
Embodiment two
With reference to figure 2, the heat pump of embodiment two, similar with the heat pump of embodiment one, difference is: 1) add four-way change-over valve (20) and corresponding triple valve E (21), three grades of restricting elements (22), triple valve F (23) and triple valve G (24); 2) one-level restricting element (16), moves to its feed tube from economizer (8) escape pipe; 3) between magnetic valve D (14) and magnetic valve B (10), liquid storing barrel (28) and working medium pump (27) is increased; 4) heat exchanger (18) accesses on the fluid pipeline of economizer (8).The connected mode of liquid storing barrel (28) and working medium pump (27) is: the outlet of magnetic valve D (14) connects the import of liquid storing barrel (28), the outlet of liquid storing barrel (28) connects working medium pump (27) import, and the outlet of working medium pump (27) connects the import of magnetic valve B (10).Heat exchanger (18) connected mode: its gas piping import is connected with 203 interfaces of four-way change-over valve, outlet is connected with gas-liquid separator (15) import; Its liquid line import is connected with the liquid outlet of economizer (8), and outlet is connected on the pipeline between three grades of restricting elements (22) and triple valve F (23).Four-way change-over valve (20) connected mode: import 201 exports with oil eliminator (6) and connects, outlet 203 connects with gas-liquid separator (15) entrance, interface 202 exports with wind-cooled evaporator (12) and connects, and interface 204 connects with water-cooled condenser (7) entrance.Like this, this heat pump can realize the change that working medium flows to, and can not only provide heating hot water, also can provide air conditioner cold water to building.During heating operation, the import 201 of four-way change-over valve (20) communicates with interface 204, outlet 203 communicates with interface 202, simultaneously, 212 mouthfuls of triple valve E logical, 213 mouthfuls break, 232 mouthfuls of triple valve F logical, 233 mouthfuls break, 242 mouthfuls of triple valve G logical, 243 mouthfuls break, at this moment water-cooled condenser provides hot water; During refrigerating operaton, 201 mouthfuls of four-way change-over valve communicate with 202 mouthfuls, and 203 mouthfuls communicate with 204 mouthfuls, meanwhile, 212 mouthfuls of triple valve E disconnected, 213 mouthfuls lead to, 232 mouthfuls of triple valve F disconnected, 233 mouthfuls lead to, 242 mouthfuls of triple valve G disconnected, 243 mouthfuls lead to, at this moment water-cooled condenser provides cold water.Like this, this heat pump just can realize the object of heat supply in winter, summer cooling, extends its function.
Embodiment three
With reference to figure 3, the heat pump of embodiment three, similar with the heat pump of embodiment one, difference is: 1) compressor (11) is the common compressor of not establishing gas supplementing opening, therefore, of no help air pipe (4) in system; 2) with triple valve H (25) replacement of solenoid valve A (9) and magnetic valve B (10), after being placed in restricting element (11), with triple valve I (26) replacement of solenoid valve C (13) and magnetic valve D (14).Other parts are identical with embodiment one.Like this, after of no help air circuit, heat pump is able to further simplification, and cost is able to further reduction, also helps the reliability and stability improving this system cloud gray model.
Claims (6)
1. the heating heat pump utilizing air natural cooling source to increase worker quality liquid degree of supercooling, it is characterized in that: this system comprises compressor (1), gas exhaust piping (2), suction line (3), tonifying Qi pipeline (4), oil feed line (5), oil eliminator (6), water-cooled condenser (7), economizer (8), magnetic valve A (9), magnetic valve B (10), two-step throttle element (11), wind-cooled evaporator (12), magnetic valve C (13), magnetic valve D (14), gas-liquid separator (15), one-level restricting element (16), oil container (17), heat exchanger (18), by-passing valve (19), the exhaust outlet of compressor (1) is connected with gas exhaust piping (2), the air entry of compressor (1) is connected with suction line (3), the gas supplementing opening of compressor (1) is connected with tonifying Qi pipeline (4), and the oil-feed port of compressor (1) is connected with oil feed line (5), gas exhaust piping (2) connects with the import of oil eliminator (6), the outlet of oil eliminator (6) connects with the working medium import of water-cooled condenser (7), and the sender property outlet of condenser (7) connects with the import of economizer (8), the gas outlet on economizer (8) top is connected with tonifying Qi pipeline (4) by one-level restricting element (16), the oil-out of oil eliminator (6) bottom connects with oil container (17) import, and oil container (17) outlet connects with oil feed line (5), wind-cooled evaporator (12) is multiple stage parallel connection structure, and every platform wind-cooled evaporator (12) all configures corresponding magnetic valve A (9), magnetic valve B (10), two-step throttle element (11), magnetic valve C (13) and magnetic valve D (14), it is characterized in that: the liquid outlet of economizer (8) only connects with the import of magnetic valve A (9), does not connect with the import of magnetic valve B (10), two-step throttle element (11) is connected to after magnetic valve B (10), the outlet of two-step throttle element (11) and magnetic valve A (9) connects with the import of wind-cooled evaporator (12), and the outlet of wind-cooled evaporator (12) connects with the import of magnetic valve C (13) and magnetic valve D (14), the outlet of magnetic valve C (13) is connected with the import of gas-liquid separator (15) afterwards by heat exchanger (18), and the outlet of gas-liquid separator (15) connects with suction line (3), the outlet of magnetic valve D (14) is connected by the import of heat exchanger (18) with magnetic valve B (10), the high-pressure working medium liquid of heat exchanger (18) is communicated with into and out of Guan Jun by by-passing valve (19) into and out of pipe with low pressure working fluid gas.
2. a kind of heating heat pump utilizing air natural cooling source to increase worker quality liquid degree of supercooling according to claim 1, is characterized in that: heat exchanger (18) can save completely in the entire system or make it under Part load, be in off working state by by-passing valve (19).
3. a kind of heating heat pump utilizing air natural cooling source to increase worker quality liquid degree of supercooling according to claim 1, is characterized in that: this heat pump is the heat pump of single stage compress, the band heat pump of economizer or the heat pump of Two-stage Compression; Also or the heat pump of separately heating or not only heated but also the heat pump of cooling.
4. a kind of heating heat pump utilizing air natural cooling source to increase worker quality liquid degree of supercooling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: can connect between the outlet of magnetic valve D (14) and the import of magnetic valve B (10) and access liquid storing barrel (28) and working medium pump (27), the outlet of liquid storing barrel (28) connects the liquid sucting port of working medium pump (27); Also liquid storing barrel (28) can be saved.
5. a kind of heating heat pump utilizing air natural cooling source to increase worker quality liquid degree of supercooling according to claim 1, is characterized in that: this system can with a triple valve E (21) alternative two adjacent and the magnetic valve that switching sequence is contrary or two-port valves.
6. a kind of heating heat pump utilizing air natural cooling source to increase worker quality liquid degree of supercooling according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described compressor (1) is screw, centrifugal, piston type or vortex; Compressor (1) is separate unit or multiple stage, and the type of attachment of each compressor (1) is in parallel or string also series-parallel connection.
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| CN105202609B (en) | 2018-10-19 |
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