A kind of renovation technique for automobile plastic parts
Technical field
The present invention relates to plastics and repair applied technical field, be specially a kind of renovation technique for automobile plastic parts.
Background technology
Under the overall situation situation that energy-saving and emission-reduction are advocated in the whole world energetically, present automobile applies increasing plastic items, reduce fuel consumption to alleviate tare.Plastic items on automobile comprises: the exterior trimming parts such as bumper, air-inlet grille, vehicle lamp housing, beater or beat-up, mud guard, stone deflector, instrument board, inner trim panels, and the machine components such as inlet manifold, coolant pipe, fuel pipe, water pump vane, timing gears.
The expanding day of plastic items range of application, proposes new requirement to the repairing of car accident collision.Under many circumstances, the mode that impaired plastic items adopts trimming to restore can more economically, fast than directly changing, many plastic items, after breakage distortion, by scientific and reasonable renovation technique, can recover its original serviceable condition completely.
But prior art does not have a kind of renovation technique can realize automotive windshield plate with the repair of other working of plastics, for making up the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention and then design a kind of novel renovation technique by people and used.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of renovation technique for automobile plastic parts, to solve the problem proposed in above-mentioned background technology.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides following technical scheme: a kind of renovation technique for automobile plastic parts, comprises the following steps: step one, old assessment; Step 2, material differentiates; Step 3, grinding process; Step 4, meticulous shaping; Step 5, curved surface inspection; Step 6, surface spraying; Step 7, product inspection; Step 8, warehouse-in or delivery;
S1., wherein in step one: first will assess old before maintenance plastic items, determine whether these parts have maintenance value and can prior art reach maintenance technique requirement, otherwise just should change;
S2., in step 2: before plastic items is keeped in repair, correctly must judge that its plastic material belongs to thermoplasticity or heat cured, then could determine next step method for maintaining;
For thermosets: first carry out thermosetting shaping, the parts of thermosetting material generally all have memory function, place them in homogeneous heating under barn or infrared lamp, impaired distortion place just can recover original form automatically, helps to restore when applying external force to it again under recoverable force not thoroughly situation;
And then carry out adhesive surface early stage process and carry out repair by welding or bonding repair;
Before gluing, should first by gluing surface and surrounding clean water clean; With gas grinding machine, surface finish to be bonded is extremely all presented brand-new mother metal; Finally dip in degreaser wiping with non-woven fabrics and thoroughly dry and could be coated with adhesive;
It is gluing that the reparation of thermosetting plastics generally all adopts adhesive method to carry out; After shaping to be bonded is carried out adhesive surface process in early stage, then require to select suitable binding agent according to plastic material and bonding strength, be spread evenly across on adhesive surface, be combined calibration relative position in time, have will being bumped in time and keeping its accurate location of fragment; If fragment is short, benefit can be cut from the working of plastics of discarded identical material, make interface smooth, seamless and then with quick-drying gelatin, whole gap is filled up, cemented;
For thermoplastic:
Adhesive method has that solvent is gluing, melt viscosity and adhesive gluing all applicable; In order to obtain high-quality repairing effect, for the first-selected repair by welding of thermoplastic plastic parts;
S3., wherein in step 3: by weld seam with repair the bossing sander of periphery and polish, polish and to carry out step by step by following requirements;
A) roughly grind: select 80 ~ No. 180 dry abrasive papers tentatively to polish refinisher successively, curved arc or special-shaped part need adopt cushion support sand paper carefully to polish, require slightly to exceed than basal plane a little as fine grinding surplus as far as possible;
B) packing: check surface whether pore, the depression etc. after polishing, if desired with atomized ash or filler special;
C) shape mill: after filling up fully solidification, be shaped with 120 ~ No. 240 dry abrasive paper reconditionings;
D) refine: to the refinisher of curved surface passed examination, 180 ~ No. 320 waterproof abrasive papers should be selected to carry out modification polishing in number-skipping mode; Mill ash to be removed in process and check whether pore, polish again after filling up if desired;
E) polishing: during surface reconditioning for automobile lamp class, need to carry out polishing; Fine grinding basis is selected further 600 ~ No. 1500 dry abrasive papers by slightly successively polishing to thin order; Every layer polishing before with except oilcloth be stained with pretreating reagent wipe surfaces with wipe oil, cured matter and prevent polishing time produce electrostatic; The silicon carbide paper of 1500 ~ No. 2000 is finally used to be stained with the polishing of a little clear water, until can't see the polishing vestige of any cut and last layer sand paper;
S4. in the meticulous shaping of step 4:
For the circular arc camber that will spray brightener or light paint, in order to prevent spraying rear generation refract light deformity, after shape mill, meticulous shaping is done to reparation position;
S5. wherein in checking at step 5 curved surface:
With unspoiled antimere for benchmark, go out primary standard of curved surface shape with curved surface dipstick metering, then go inspection reparation curved surface whether to coincide with this reference figure; Curved surface requires to reach: measure wrap-around error with curved surface chi and clearance gauge, every 100mm arc length planted agent is less than 1mm; Check underproof for curved surface, then carry out meticulous shaping step; Curved surface passed examination does not need spraying, directly warehouse-in or delivery;
S6. in step 6 surface spraying, the lacquer spraying technique of plastics exterior trimming parts repair surface sprays paint identical with vehicle body, carries out after fine grinding operation;
S7. in step 7 product inspection: the finished product repaired has to pass through quality inspection and can dispatch from the factory, test stone;
S8., in step 8, after above step completes, the plate that keeps out the wind is put in storage or is delivered goods.
Further, in described step one, old the available following three kinds of methods of assessment differentiate:
1) label method of identification
Can from the plastic material label in the oval marks being stamped in the plastic items back side, that is: international standard symbol or ISO code determine its material; If can not find plastic material label at the plastic items back side, the information can searching the working of plastics of vehicles by vehicle body servicing manual confirms;
2) hot blast heating method
The leaving air temp of plastic welding gun is heightened, blow roasting heating at the plastic items back side, can liquefy if blow roasting place, bubble and rise with smog, and still can be clamminess in its surface after cooling, under this shows high temperature, its material molecule is destructurized, can confirm that it is thermosetting material; If blow roasting place slowly melting, surface can have light, can original characteristic be recovered after cooling, then show that it is thermoplasticity material;
3) combustion testing method
Determined the kind of plastics by the flame that produces during Plastics Combustion and cigarette, can not molten drop be produced during thermosetting plastics burning, and molten drop can be produced during thermoplastic burning; Notice that present many plastic items parts use the composite plastic containing Multiple components, be then difficult to differentiate by these class methods.
Further, in described surface spraying, for automotive windshield plate, special film coating agent to be sprayed after surface finish to increase its surface brightness and light transmittance;
A) lamp surface after degreaser wiping sanding and polishing is dipped in non-woven fabrics also fully dry;
B) adjust the air pressure of spray gun special and go out dosage, by headlight film coating agent even application at lamp surface, requiring thin and even;
C) with after ultraviolet lamps irradiates solidification, whether current mark or the defect such as not infiltrate is checked;
D) a shallow-layer polishing is finally done.
Further, in described step 7 product inspection: the inspection mainly comprising the following aspects:
A) requirement is repaired: must not there be rosin joint, solder skip or obvious pore in welding or bonding part;
B) key element is assembled: the assembling such as pre-embedding metal part, installation screw, the hanging feet key element of parts must not lack, and carries out trial assembly and adjustment if desired onboard;
C) shaping requires: shaping puts in place, and curved surface inspection should meet the curved surface requirement in meticulous shaping;
D) non-application product: the surface of not application product is answered roughness evenly and reached the shape mill requirement in grinding process;
E) application product: the lacquer painting light of application product, bubble-free, free from admixture, without current mark and non-infiltration phenomenon;
F) plated film light fixture: light fixture coated surface light transmittance is high, no color differnece, bubble-free, free from admixture, without current mark and non-infiltration phenomenon.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: this is used for the renovation technique of automobile plastic parts, the reparation that can realize wideling popularize plastic items uses, and can save ample resources, reduces energy resource consumption, reduce environmental pollution, be significant to survival and development of mankind.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with Figure of description of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
See Figure of description 1, the invention provides a kind of technical scheme: a kind of renovation technique for automobile plastic parts, comprises the following steps: step one, old assessment; Step 2, material differentiates; Step 3, grinding process; Step 4, meticulous shaping; Step 5, curved surface inspection; Step 6, surface spraying; Step 7, product inspection; Step 8, warehouse-in or delivery;
S1., wherein in step one: first will assess old before maintenance plastic items, determine whether these parts have maintenance value and can prior art reach maintenance technique requirement, otherwise just should change;
S2., in step 2: before plastic items is keeped in repair, correctly must judge that its plastic material belongs to thermoplasticity or heat cured, then could determine next step method for maintaining;
For thermosets: first carry out thermosetting shaping, the parts of thermosetting material generally all have memory function, place them in homogeneous heating under barn or infrared lamp, impaired distortion place just can recover original form automatically, helps to restore when applying external force to it again under recoverable force not thoroughly situation;
And then carry out adhesive surface early stage process and carry out repair by welding or bonding repair;
Before gluing, should first by gluing surface and surrounding clean water clean; With gas grinding machine, surface finish to be bonded is extremely all presented brand-new mother metal; Finally dip in degreaser wiping with non-woven fabrics and thoroughly dry and could be coated with adhesive;
It is gluing that the reparation of thermosetting plastics generally all adopts adhesive method to carry out; After shaping to be bonded is carried out adhesive surface process in early stage, then require to select suitable binding agent according to plastic material and bonding strength, be spread evenly across on adhesive surface, be combined calibration relative position in time, have will being bumped in time and keeping its accurate location of fragment; If fragment is short, benefit can be cut from the working of plastics of discarded identical material, make interface smooth, seamless and then with quick-drying gelatin, whole gap is filled up, cemented;
For thermoplastic:
Adhesive method has that solvent is gluing, melt viscosity and adhesive gluing all applicable; In order to obtain high-quality repairing effect, for the first-selected repair by welding of thermoplastic plastic parts;
S3., wherein in step 3: by weld seam with repair the bossing sander of periphery and polish, polish and to carry out step by step by following requirements;
A) roughly grind: select 80 ~ No. 180 dry abrasive papers tentatively to polish refinisher successively, curved arc or special-shaped part need adopt cushion support sand paper carefully to polish, require slightly to exceed than basal plane a little as fine grinding surplus as far as possible;
B) packing: check surface whether pore, the depression etc. after polishing, if desired with atomized ash or filler special;
C) shape mill: after filling up fully solidification, be shaped with 120 ~ No. 240 dry abrasive paper reconditionings;
D) refine: to the refinisher of curved surface passed examination, 180 ~ No. 320 waterproof abrasive papers should be selected to carry out modification polishing in number-skipping mode; Mill ash to be removed in process and check whether pore, polish again after filling up if desired;
E) polishing: during surface reconditioning for automobile lamp class, need to carry out polishing; Fine grinding basis is selected further 600 ~ No. 1500 dry abrasive papers by slightly successively polishing to thin order; Every layer polishing before with except oilcloth be stained with pretreating reagent wipe surfaces with wipe oil, cured matter and prevent polishing time produce electrostatic; The silicon carbide paper of 1500 ~ No. 2000 is finally used to be stained with the polishing of a little clear water, until can't see the polishing vestige of any cut and last layer sand paper;
S4. in the meticulous shaping of step 4:
For the circular arc camber that will spray brightener or light paint, in order to prevent spraying rear generation refract light deformity, after shape mill, meticulous shaping is done to reparation position;
S5. wherein in checking at step 5 curved surface:
With unspoiled antimere for benchmark, go out primary standard of curved surface shape with curved surface dipstick metering, then go inspection reparation curved surface whether to coincide with this reference figure; Curved surface requires to reach: measure wrap-around error with curved surface chi and clearance gauge, every 100mm arc length planted agent is less than 1mm; Check underproof for curved surface, then carry out meticulous shaping step; Curved surface passed examination does not need spraying, directly warehouse-in or delivery;
S6. in step 6 surface spraying, the lacquer spraying technique of plastics exterior trimming parts repair surface sprays paint identical with vehicle body, carries out after fine grinding operation;
S7. in step 7 product inspection: the finished product repaired has to pass through quality inspection and can dispatch from the factory, test stone;
S8., in step 8, after above step completes, the plate that keeps out the wind is put in storage or is delivered goods.
Further, in described step one, old the available following three kinds of methods of assessment differentiate:
1) label method of identification
Can from the plastic material label in the oval marks being stamped in the plastic items back side, that is: international standard symbol or ISO code determine its material; If can not find plastic material label at the plastic items back side, the information can searching the working of plastics of vehicles by vehicle body servicing manual confirms;
2) hot blast heating method
The leaving air temp of plastic welding gun is heightened, blow roasting heating at the plastic items back side, can liquefy if blow roasting place, bubble and rise with smog, and still can be clamminess in its surface after cooling, under this shows high temperature, its material molecule is destructurized, can confirm that it is thermosetting material; If blow roasting place slowly melting, surface can have light, can original characteristic be recovered after cooling, then show that it is thermoplasticity material;
3) combustion testing method
Determined the kind of plastics by the flame that produces during Plastics Combustion and cigarette, can not molten drop be produced during thermosetting plastics burning, and molten drop can be produced during thermoplastic burning; Notice that present many plastic items parts use the composite plastic containing Multiple components, be then difficult to differentiate by these class methods.
Further, in described surface spraying, for automotive windshield plate, special film coating agent to be sprayed after surface finish to increase its surface brightness and light transmittance;
A) lamp surface after degreaser wiping sanding and polishing is dipped in non-woven fabrics also fully dry;
B) adjust the air pressure of spray gun special and go out dosage, by headlight film coating agent even application at lamp surface, requiring thin and even;
C) with after ultraviolet lamps irradiates solidification, whether current mark or the defect such as not infiltrate is checked;
D) a shallow-layer polishing is finally done.
Further, in described step 7 product inspection: the inspection mainly comprising the following aspects:
A) requirement is repaired: must not there be rosin joint, solder skip or obvious pore in welding or bonding part;
B) key element is assembled: the assembling such as pre-embedding metal part, installation screw, the hanging feet key element of parts must not lack, and carries out trial assembly and adjustment if desired onboard;
C) shaping requires: shaping puts in place, and curved surface inspection should meet the curved surface requirement in meticulous shaping;
D) non-application product: the surface of not application product is answered roughness evenly and reached the shape mill requirement in grinding process;
E) application product: the lacquer painting light of application product, bubble-free, free from admixture, without current mark and non-infiltration phenomenon;
F) plated film light fixture: light fixture coated surface light transmittance is high, no color differnece, bubble-free, free from admixture, without current mark and non-infiltration phenomenon.
To those skilled in the art, obviously the invention is not restricted to the details of above-mentioned one exemplary embodiment, and when not deviating from spirit of the present invention or essential characteristic, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter from which point, all should embodiment be regarded as exemplary, and be nonrestrictive, scope of the present invention is limited by claims instead of above-mentioned explanation, and all changes be therefore intended in the implication of the equivalency by dropping on claim and scope are included in the present invention.Any Reference numeral in claim should be considered as the claim involved by limiting.
In addition, be to be understood that, although this description is described according to embodiment, but not each embodiment only comprises an independently technical scheme, this narrating mode of description is only for clarity sake, those skilled in the art should by description integrally, and the technical scheme in each embodiment also through appropriately combined, can form other embodiments that it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that.