CN105175443B - 一种含磷α酮酸酯的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种含磷α酮酸酯的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105175443B
CN105175443B CN201510504232.5A CN201510504232A CN105175443B CN 105175443 B CN105175443 B CN 105175443B CN 201510504232 A CN201510504232 A CN 201510504232A CN 105175443 B CN105175443 B CN 105175443B
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keto ester
solvent
phosphorous
alpha
preparation
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CN105175443A (zh
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马保德
王晓光
杜升华
曾凡亮
尹笃林
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HUNAN HAILI CHEMICAL CO Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种如式(I)所示含磷α‑酮酸酯的制备方法,合成路线如下:式中:R1是H或C1~C4烷基;R2是H或C1~C4烷基;R3是甲基或乙基;X是Cl或Br或I。本发明反应步骤少、操作方便,三废少,收率高,适宜工业生产。

Description

一种含磷α酮酸酯的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一类含磷α酮酸酯的制备方法。
背景技术
4-(烷氧基甲基氧膦基)-2-氧代丁酸类化合物属含磷α-酮酸酯类化合物,是制备除草剂L-草铵膦的关键中间体,目前文献已经报道了几条合成该化合物的方法。Starkov.V.Ya等人报导了利用氰化钠与含磷五元环状化合物反应,然后酸性水解的方法制备该类化合物(USSR 1583424)。该方法虽然步骤短,小试收率高,但需要用到剧毒的氰化钠以及不易得的中间体,因此不适合规模生产。Minowa Nobuto等人在专利(PCT 2008117733)中报道了从草酸二乙酯出发,经过缩合、水解、脱羧的工艺制备该类化合物。该方法反应条件相对温和,收率中等,但该方法步骤长,会产生大量的废水。Minowa Nobuto等人还报道了一种利用苯磺酰乙酸酯、甲基乙烯基次磷酸酯和甲磺酸酯的方法制备该类化合物(JP2008230992)。该方法步骤长,会产生大量含硫废水。另外,该方法提到的甲基乙烯基次磷酸酯原料,来源困难,不适宜工业化生产。除专利文献外,另有部分非专利文献也用类似方法合成过该类型化合物(J.Org.Chem.,56,1783-1788,1991;Izvestiya Akademii NaukSSSR,Seriya Khimicheskaya,9,2120-2127,1990)。综合分析,这些制备方法要么步骤繁琐、三废多,要么条件苛刻、收率低,不适宜工业生产。
发明内容
本发明提供一种如式(I)所示的含磷α-酮酸酯的制备方法,
式(I)中:
R1是H或C1~C4烷基;R2是H或C1~C4烷基。
是经由以下合成路线制备:
其中:
R1是H或C1~C4烷基;R2是H或C1~C4烷基;R3是甲基或乙基;X是Cl或Br或I。
本发明具体工艺操作有a、b两个步骤:
a步骤:将草酸衍生物(Ⅲ)或草酸衍生物(Ⅳ)在干燥的溶剂中,在氮气保护下,在-80℃~0℃下滴加格氏试剂(Ⅱ),保温反应4~7hr,在室温下用稀盐酸淬灭反应,再经过脱溶、萃取、干燥、纯化得到中间体化合物(Ⅴ)。所述溶剂是四氢呋喃(THF)、乙醚、1,4-二氧六环、甲苯中的一种或者两种混合物。
b步骤:将a步骤制得的中间体化合物(Ⅴ)与化合物(Ⅵ)在-10℃~60℃下反应,反应完成后,经过萃取、脱溶、干燥、纯化制得式(I)所示的含磷α-酮酸酯。产品含磷α-酮酸酯的收率大于79%。b步骤反应可以在溶剂条件下进行,也可在无溶剂条件下进行。溶剂条件下进行反应时,反应溶剂是四氢呋喃(THF)、乙醚、1,4-二氧六环、甲苯中的一种。
本发明反应步骤少、操作方便,三废少,收率高,适宜工业生产。
以下通过具体的实施例对本发明上述的内容作进一步的详细说明,但本发明不局限于实施例。
具体实施方式
实施例1:中间体化合物(Ⅴ)的制备
在配有磁力搅拌器、温度计的三颈烧瓶中加入草酸二甲酯(1.18g,10mmol),干燥的四氢呋喃(THF,30mL),氮气保护下降温至-78℃。缓慢滴加乙烯基氯化镁(1M/L,10mmol),滴加完毕后,-78℃保温反应4hr。自然升温至室温,滴加稀盐酸淬灭反应。脱除大部分有机溶剂,乙酸乙酯/水体系萃取,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,脱除溶剂后柱层析得到中间体化合物(Ⅴ)2-氧代-3-丁烯酸甲酯0.65g,收率70.5%。
实施例2:中间体化合物(Ⅴ)的制备
在配有磁力搅拌器、温度计的三颈烧瓶中加入草酸二乙酯(1.45g,10mmol),干燥的乙醚(30mL),氮气保护下降温至-78℃。缓慢滴加乙烯基氯化镁(1M/L,10mmol),滴加完毕后,-78℃保温反应5hr。自然升温至室温,滴加稀盐酸淬灭反应。脱除大部分有机溶剂,乙酸乙酯/水体系萃取,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,脱除溶剂后柱层析得到中间体化合物(Ⅴ)2-氧代-3-丁烯酸乙酯0.98g,收率76.6%。
实施例3:中间体化合物(Ⅴ)的制备
在配有磁力搅拌器、温度计的三颈烧瓶中加入草酸二异丙基酯(1.73g,10mmol),干燥的乙醚和四氢呋喃(30mL,1/1,v/v),氮气保护下降温至-48℃。缓慢滴加乙烯基溴化镁(1M/L,10mmol),滴加完毕后,-78℃保温反应7hr。自然升温至室温,滴加稀盐酸淬灭反应。脱除大部分有机溶剂,乙酸乙酯/水体系萃取,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,脱除溶剂后柱层析得到中间体化合物(Ⅴ)2-氧代-3-丁烯酸异丙酯0.96g,收率67.1%。
实施例4:产品式(I)所示的含磷α-酮酸酯的制备
氮气保护下,向配有磁力搅拌器、温度计以及恒压滴液漏斗的三颈烧瓶中加入甲基亚磷酸二乙酯(2.04g,15mmol),四氢呋喃(THF,30mL),向恒压漏斗中加入2-氧代-3-丁烯酸甲酯(1.71g,15mmol)。氮气保护下降温至5℃,开始缓慢滴加反应。滴加完毕后,5℃保温反应6hr,自然升温至室温。乙酸乙酯/水体系萃取,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,脱除溶剂后柱层析得到产品4-(甲基乙氧基膦酰基)-2-氧代丁酸甲酯2.90g,收率87.1%。
实施例5:产品式(I)所示的含磷α-酮酸酯的制备
氮气保护下,向配有磁力搅拌器、温度计以及恒压滴液漏斗的三颈烧瓶中加入甲基亚磷酸二甲酯(1.62g,15mmol),甲苯(30mL),向恒压漏斗中加入2-氧代-3-丁烯酸乙酯(1.92g,15mmol)。氮气保护下降温至0℃,开始缓慢滴加反应。滴加完毕后,5℃保温反应6hr,自然升温至室温。乙酸乙酯/水体系萃取,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,脱除溶剂后柱层析得到产品4-(甲基甲氧基膦酰基)-2-氧代丁酸乙酯2.88g,收率86.5%。
实施例6:产品式(I)所示的含磷α-酮酸酯的制备
氮气保护下,向配有磁力搅拌器、温度计以及恒压滴液漏斗的三颈烧瓶中加入甲基亚磷酸二乙酯(2.04g,15mmol),1,4-二氧六环(30mL),向恒压漏斗中加入2-氧代-3-丁烯酸异丙酯(2.13g,15mmol)。氮气保护下降温至10℃,开始缓慢滴加反应。滴加完毕后,5℃保温反应6hr,自然升温至室温。乙酸乙酯/水体系萃取,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,脱除溶剂后柱层析得到产品4-(甲基乙氧基膦酰基)-2-氧代丁酸异丙酯2.98g,收率79.5%。
实施例7:产品式(I)所示的含磷α-酮酸酯的制备
氮气保护下,向配有磁力搅拌器、温度计以及恒压滴液漏斗的三颈烧瓶中加入甲基亚磷酸二乙酯(20.4g,150mmol),向恒压漏斗中加入2-氧代-3-丁烯酸乙酯(19.2g,150mmol)。氮气保护下降温至5℃,开始缓慢滴加反应。滴加完毕后,5℃保温反应8hr,自然升温至室温。乙酸乙酯/水体系萃取,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,脱除溶剂后柱层析得到产品4-(甲基乙氧基膦酰基)-2-氧代丁酸乙酯31.1g,收率87.8%。

Claims (1)

1.一种制备含磷α-酮酸酯的方法,其特征在于含磷α-酮酸酯如式(I)所示:
是经由以下合成路线制备:
其中:
R1是H或C1~C4烷基;R2是H或C1~C4烷基;R3是甲基或乙基;X是Cl或Br或I;
具体工艺操作有a、b两个步骤:
a步骤:将草酸衍生物(Ⅲ)或草酸衍生物(Ⅳ)在干燥的溶剂中,在氮气保护下,在-80℃~0℃下滴加格氏试剂(Ⅱ),保温反应4~7hr,在室温下用稀盐酸淬灭反应,再经过脱溶、萃取、干燥、纯化得到中间体化合物(Ⅴ),所述溶剂是四氢呋喃(THF)、乙醚、1,4-二氧六环、甲苯中的一种或者两种混合物;
b步骤:将a步骤制得的中间体化合物(Ⅴ)与化合物(Ⅵ)在-10℃~60℃下反应,反应完成后,经过萃取、脱溶、干燥、纯化制得式(I)所示的含磷α-酮酸酯;b步骤反应在溶剂条件下进行或在无溶剂条件下进行;在溶剂条件下进行反应时,反应溶剂是四氢呋喃(THF)、乙醚、1,4-二氧六环、甲苯中的一种。
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CN109912416A (zh) * 2019-02-27 2019-06-21 洪湖市一泰科技有限公司 催化氧化法制备草铵膦及l-草胺膦关键中间体的方法

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WO2021102115A1 (en) * 2019-11-22 2021-05-27 Kemin Industries, Inc. Processes for the preparation of alpha-hydroxy esters via grignard coupling and thiolation reactions

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