CN105163996A - Drawbar for rail wagons - Google Patents

Abstract

A drawbar for interconnecting first and second rail wagons. The drawbar comprises first and second metal terminations disposed at opposite end regions of the drawbar. The terminations are forged and shaped for interconnecting with a respective drawgear mounting on the first and second rail wagons. The drawbar further comprises an elongate shank interconnecting the terminations and extending in a longitudinal direction between the terminations.

Description

For the draw bar of railway truck

Technical field

The disclosure relates to railway truck, and relates more specifically to the draw bar of the part formed for making the interconnective draw gear of railway truck.

Background technology

For a long time, railway truck is used to transporting material and can be attached to each other by being combined with the draw gear of draw bar.Draw bar is mounted to the draw gear parts be arranged on corresponding lorry in contrary end.

Traditionally, the casting of the form in hollow section " is fixed " draw bar and has been used to connect railway truck.But, the needs to ability draw bar be result in the demand can transporting more heavy duty more truck.

Also known " rotation " draw bar in this area.Especially, the use of rotation traction traction bar can eliminate the needs to unitor (namely for allowing the rotation of lorry when using fixed traction bar).Rotation traction traction bar stands the tensile load identical with fixed traction bar, and in addition, it also stands torque load.Due to this other load, the rotation traction traction bar of casting easily may be subject to the impact of rapid fatigue inefficacy.

Be not equivalent to admit that this technology defines a part for the public general knowledge of those of ordinary skill in the art to the above-mentioned reference of background technology.Above-mentioned reference is also not meant to the application of draw bar disclosed in restriction literary composition.

Summary of the invention

Disclose a kind of for making the first railway truck and the interconnective draw bar of the second railway truck.This draw bar comprises the first metal debris end and the second metal debris end at the contrary end regions place being arranged on draw bar.Described terminal part is forged and shaped becomes for being interconnected with the draw gear fabricated section on the first railway truck and the second railway truck.This draw bar also comprises makes described terminal part be interconnected and the microscler handle extended along the longitudinal direction between described end.

Disclose a kind of method manufacturing draw bar in addition, this draw bar has the first metal debris end and the second metal debris end at the contrary end regions place being arranged on draw bar and described terminal part is interconnected and the microscler handle extended along the longitudinal direction between described terminal part.The method comprises the forging of at least one blank with the terminal part forming draw bar.

Accompanying drawing explanation

By means of only the mode of example, each embodiment is described referring now to accompanying drawing, in the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is the block diagram of typical railway truck connecting device.

Fig. 2 and Fig. 2 b is the block diagram of the draw bar according to embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 3 a and 3b is block diagram and the section drawing of the draw bar comprising tension member respectively.

Fig. 4 is the block diagram of another embodiment of draw bar.

Fig. 5 a and Fig. 5 b is block diagram and the section drawing of another embodiment of draw bar.

Fig. 6 a, Fig. 6 b and Fig. 6 c are block diagram and the section drawing of another embodiment of draw bar.

Fig. 7 a and Fig. 7 b is block diagram and the section drawing of another embodiment of draw bar.

Fig. 8 a and Fig. 8 b is block diagram and the section drawing of typical rotary tractor respectively.

Fig. 9 is the diagram of circuit of the embodiment of method for the manufacture of draw bar.

Detailed description of the invention

In the following detailed description, with reference to the accompanying drawing of the part forming this detailed description.Described in this detailed description, that describe in accompanying drawing and defined in claim illustrative embodiment is not intended to limit.When not deviating from the spirit or scope of presented theme, other embodiments can be used and other changes can be made.Describe generally in the text it is easily understood that of the present disclosure and each side illustrated in the accompanying drawings can carry out arranging, replace, combine, be separated and design with numerous different configuration, and all these can be imagined in the disclosure.

Disclose a kind of for making the first railway truck and the interconnective draw bar of the second railway truck.This draw bar comprises the first metal debris end and the second metal debris end at the contrary end regions place being arranged on draw bar.Described terminal part is forged and shaped becomes for being interconnected to the corresponding draw gear fabricated section on the first railway truck and the second railway truck.This draw bar also comprises makes described terminal part be interconnected and the microscler handle extended along the longitudinal direction between described terminal part.

In fact, the size of terminal part may be arranged on the restriction of the draw gear in connected lorry.Carrying out forging to terminal part can when not increasing the size of terminal part for described terminal part provides strength character and the fatigue property (such as, by crystal grain arrangement (grainalignment), elimination defect etc.) of improvement.

In some forms, terminal part has roughly along the crystal grain that the longitudinal direction of handle arranges.The arrangement of crystal grain can be the result of how to carry out forging process.Therefore, the process being used for casting terminal part can be configured to produce the terminal part with desired arrangement.

In some forms, at least one the terminal part combined hole in terminal part is to receive the connecting pin of corresponding draw gear fabricated section.

In some forms, hole by milling in terminal part (multiple terminal part).

In some forms, handle is forged and is formed with terminal part.Again, the forging of handle can be executed as and crystal grain is arranged with desired configuration.

In some forms, handle comprises the relative flange extended along the longitudinal direction.Handle can be interconnected by web.

In some forms, web extends the cross section to form roughly " C shape " along the corresponding edge of flange.

In some forms, web extends to form roughly " I shape " cross section along the middle of edge that flange is relative.

In some forms, the Part I of web along the Part I of handle and corresponding lower edge along flange extend.The Part II of web along the Part II of handle and corresponding upper limb along flange extend.The Part III of web makes the first web part and the second web part be interconnected and extends between the upper limb and lower edge of flange.

In some forms, this draw bar also comprises the tension member connecting relative flange.This tension member and web spaced apart with the closure section forming hollow.Traditional casting draw bar is formed as comprising hollow section usually.The weight of this draw bar can be reduced like this when the not serious intensity affecting draw bar and the ability transmitting torque load.In other words, hollow section can provide larger strength-to-weight ratio required in use.But, due to the character of forging process, be difficult to be formed the forging draw bar (namely with the form of single-piece) with hollow section.The draw bar that is added to of tension member provides hollow section, and this can allow draw bar to obtain the strength advantage with this cross section.

In some forms, tension member can be soldered to relative flange.

In some forms, tension member shaped becomes to make when being connected to flange, can aiming at the compression of the synthesis be squeezed (puff) in use and draw and cause or tensile load with the neutral axis (neutralaxis) in the cross section of be connected tension member through handle of draw bar.By neutral axis (i.e. secondary moment of inertia) with use in the axis of combined load (such as being produced by the extruding of be connected lorry and traction) aims at and can reduce or avoid bending of handle.

In some forms, tension member shaped becomes to make when being connected to flange, and the neutral axis in the cross section of draw bar can be aimed at the compression of the synthesis in use or tensile load.

In some forms, draw bar also comprises the flank be arranged between relative flange.

In some forms, flange on top extends along the direction identical with the hole at least one terminal part in terminal part (multiple terminal part) between edge with lower edge.

In some forms, draw bar is formed by interconnective first component and second component.Each parts comprise shank and terminal part part.The shank of this first component and second component is roughly C shape shape, and the shank of first component and second component defines closed hollow bulb section when being interconnected.

In some forms, at least one the terminal part part in the terminal part part of each in first component and second component comprises the part in hole.The described part in hole defines the hole through terminal part when described parts are interconnected.

In some forms, the Part I of draw bar and Part II weld together.

In some forms, terminal part comprises corresponding transitional region, and this transitional region allows transmitted load between handle and terminal part.

In some forms, draw bar can rotate relative to the one in the first lorry and the second lorry.

In some forms, at least one surface applications selective hardening of draw bar.

In some forms, at least one surface described is the outside face of at least one terminal part in terminal part, and selective hardening comprises the one in induction hardening or flame hardnessing.

In some forms, the surface in hole is by shot-peening.

Disclose a kind of method manufacturing draw bar in addition, this draw bar has the first metal debris end and the second metal debris end at the contrary end regions place being arranged on this draw bar and described terminal part is interconnected and the microscler handle extended along the longitudinal direction between described terminal part.The method also comprises the forging of at least one blank with the terminal part forming draw bar.

In some forms, perform the forging of terminal part to make the longitudinal arrangement of crystal grain along handle of terminal part.

In some forms, the method also comprises the step of forging the handle of draw bar.

In some forms, terminal part and handle are as being forged to unitary members.

In some forms, the step of forging handle comprises forges to be formed roughly C tee section to by interconnective two flanges of web.

In some forms, comprise and make tension member cross-over connection flange with the step forming closed cross section at least partially along handle.

In some forms, tension member is soldered to flange.

As the above terminal part about forging stated, when compared with casting draw bar, forging draw bar can provide larger part integrity, steel cleanness and conformability (such as it can not stand to be mingled with relevant problem with shrinkage or foreign matter).In addition, owing to using input material (the source blank such as produced in the steel process processed of advanced person of height refining in forging process, the steel making technique of described advanced person comprises vacuum degasification) ability, forging draw bar can have raising strength of material (namely when with casting draw bar compared with time).

The forging of draw bar can allow to control the crystal grain arrangement of draw bar material.In use, draw bar may stand larger tensile load this side up.The arrangement of crystal grain on principal direction of stress (i.e. the longitudinal direction of handle) can provide strength character and the fatigue property of improvement for draw bar.This crystal grain arranges on the principal direction of stress near the hole (namely when a bore is present) that can be arranged in a terminal part of terminal part extraly or alternatively.In use, hole may be the region of high stress concentrations, and therefore, makes crystal grain arrange strength character and the fatigue property that can improve draw bar along the direction of these stress.

The strength character of this improvement may be particularly relevant to rotation traction traction bar with fatigue property.Rotation traction traction bar, except the tensile load standing fixed traction bar and stand, also may stand torque load (namely due to lorry " dumping " during uninstall process).

First with reference to Fig. 1, disclose a kind of draw gear comprising draw bar 110, this draw bar 110 is interconnected for making the first railway truck and the second railway truck 112.This draw gear also comprises two draw gear fabricated sections 116, and each draw gear fabricated section 116 is interconnected for making draw bar 110 and corresponding lorry 112.Draw bar 110 is the fixing cast steel draw bars being generally used for making the interconnective type of lorry.In the context of the present specification, such as relative with the unitor usually in the form of the assembly of the some mutual Lock Part for connecting two lorries, term " draw bar " is connected to the rigid element of lorry for being described in each end pin.Those skilled in the art can understand the difference between draw bar and unitor.

Two draw gear fabricated sections have been shown in Fig. 8 a and Fig. 8 b.In the drawings, the rotation traction traction bar 810 of casting is shown in each terminal part place in its corresponding terminal part 814 and typical rotary tractor fabricated section 816 (be and be generally used for receiving the type of rotation traction traction bar) is interconnected.This is arranged in an end and comprises the draw gear fabricated section 816b of " fixing " and comprise the draw gear fabricated section 816a of " rotation " at the other end place.Each draw gear fabricated section 816 includes tractive group (draftpack) 864 to contribute to dissipating to extruding and drawbar load.

At rotary end place, terminal part 814a can shaped become to be fitted in the rotation collar that is connected with connecting pin 866a.This layout can allow draw bar 810 and the collar 868 to rotate being fixed in the rotation yoke 862a in truck body.Therefore draw bar 110 and the collar 868 can be allowed relative to lorry, and---draw bar 810 and the collar 868 are fixed in this lorry---freely rotates.

At anchor portion place, draw bar 810 is connected directly to yoke 862b by connecting pin 866b.Yoke 862b is fixed to lorry and does not allow any rotary motion (namely only the extruding of draw bar 810 or tractive motion are fine in ' fixing ' end).

In extruding, a draw bar terminal part in described two draw bar terminal parts 814 directly engages corresponding tractive group 864 or corresponding tractive group driven member 870 (but driven member 870 not always exists).When anchor portion is by tractive load, load is passed to the yoke 862b engaging tractive group 864b by draw bar 810 in normal use by pin 866b; Or when rotary end, load from draw bar 810 be passed to pin 866a, again to rotation the collar 868, again to yoke 862a, again to tractive group 864a.

Referring now to Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b, disclose the embodiment of draw bar 210, this draw bar 210 comprises first metal debris end 214 and the second metal debris end 214 at the opposite ends region place being arranged on draw bar 210.Terminal part 214 is forged and shaped becomes for being interconnected to the corresponding draw gear fabricated section on the first railway truck and the second railway truck.The microscler handle 218 that draw bar also comprises and terminal part 214 is interconnected and extend along the longitudinal direction between terminal part 214.Draw bar 210 particularly shaped becomes to make at least main portion of draw bar 210 (terminal part 214 and handle 218) be formed as single-piece by forging process.In this respect, the shape formed in forging process fully or be substantially similar to final product.Therefore, manufacturing draw bar 210 needs few machine up even not need machine up.In addition, draw bar 210 is meaned along load path by single piece forging needs few welding even not need welding (such as can make in use when being subject to stretching weld part may will be opened).The region that weld part in load path may provide structure more weak, this may reduce the bulk strength performance of draw bar 210, and when weld part is located along load bearing paths, (such as during the extruding and tractive of lorry) is especially true.

Although do not illustrate in accompanying drawing, draw bar 210 is formed by steel and can be forged into and its crystal grain had along the longitudinal direction of handle 218 is arranged.In use, due to the power contrary (namely due to extruding and the tractive of lorry) of two ends of handle 218, therefore handle 218 may stand the principal stress on longitudinal direction.But draw bar 210 is not limited to the crystal grain had along the longitudinal direction of handle 218 and arranges, and those skilled in the art should be understood that, according to the direction of principal stress between used life, other crystal grain arrangement is also suitable.Be formed as by draw bar 210 making it to have crystal grain arrangement on principal direction of stress and can provide strength character and the fatigue property of improvement for draw bar.

In the form illustrated, each terminal part in terminal part 214 in conjunction with porose 220 to receive the connecting pin of corresponding draw gear fabricated section 216.But draw bar 210 is not limited thereto, and such as only terminal part 214 can in conjunction with porose 220, or two terminal parts 214 all do not have combined hole 220.Similarly, each terminal part 214 can in conjunction with more than one hole (not shown in present embodiment).In the form illustrated, hole 220 by milling in the terminal part 214 of correspondence.In other embodiments, hole can be formed by other processes, and such as can form during forging process.In addition, hole 220 is not limited to have circular cross section, and such as can have square, rectangle, triangle, ellipse etc. cross section.

Although handle 218 can separate shaping with terminal part 214, preferably, handle 218 also can be forged, and (that is, except terminal part 214 is by except forging) and forms with terminal part 214.This configuration can be eliminated and weld terminal part 214 and handle 218 or otherwise bonding or fixing demand, welds or otherwise bonding or fixingly may introduce more weak region in draw bar 210 in some cases to terminal part 214 and handle 218.

Handle 218 comprises two relative flanges 222 that the longitudinal direction along handle 218 extends.Flange 222 is interconnected by web 224.In the form illustrated of the embodiment in Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b, web 224 extends along the corresponding edge of flange 222 to form roughly C tee section.In other forms, web 224 can extend to form roughly I tee section (example of this I tee section has been shown in Fig. 7 a and Fig. 7 b, and will have described this I tee section in more detail after a while) in the middle of relative two edges of flange 222.Web 224 can provide further support structure to draw bar 210.

In the form illustrated, web 224 also comprises the aperture 225 extending through web 224.In this form, aperture 225 is round-shaped, but in other forms, and aperture can be rectangle, triangle, microscler etc.Aperture 225 such as can be arranged for the rainwater or other materials of discharging and may be gathered in the space formed in handle 218 by flange 222 and web 224.

Flange 222 on top extends along the direction identical with hole 220 between edge with lower edge.In other forms, flange 222 on top can depart from relative to the direction at least one hole in hole 220 between edge and lower edge and angularly extends.Such as, flange 222 can on top extend (in Fig. 6 a to Fig. 6 c, this example be shown and hereafter will be described in more detail it) with the angle vertical with the direction at least one hole in hole 220 between edge with lower edge.

Each terminal part 214 comprises transitional region 226, and transitional region 226 allows transmitted load between handle 218 and terminal part 214.In the form illustrated, transitional region 226 has level and smooth profile, makes the load path between terminal part 214 and handle 218 be level and smooth.The stress that can reduce in use is concentrated like this, and can improve the fatigue property of draw bar 210.One or more terminal part in terminal part 214 can carry out quench (such as flame hardnessing or induction hardening) in a different manner, and this can reduce wear, burr and/or friction.This can extend wearing and tearing and/or the fatigue life of draw bar 210.Similarly, one or more terminal part in terminal part 214 can carry out carburizing, and this can provide self-lubricating property for terminal part 214.This can improve the wearing and tearing of terminal part 214 and therefore improve the fatigue life of draw bar 210.Other processes that can be applicable to terminal part 214 and/or hole 220 comprise polishing or shot-peening.

Draw bar 210 is configured so that at least one lorry (not shown in Fig. 2) in the first lorry and the second lorry can rotate around corresponding terminal part 214 relative to draw bar 210.In this sense, draw bar 210 can be considered to " rotation traction traction bar ".Rotation traction traction bar can get rid of the needs to rotatable unitor, when using " fixed traction bar ", needs this rotatable unitor to allow the rotation of lorry.This such as can make the minimizing of maintenance and part cost, and the total mass of " 2 formula groups " (2-pack) (i.e. two lorries and a draw gear) of standard can be reduced, " 2 formula groups " should can have two unitors (rotation and fixing), when single lorry in this set needs to rotate relative to another lorry of this group, described two unitors can replace with single rotation traction traction bar.

Referring now to Fig. 3 a and Fig. 3 b, show another embodiment of draw bar 310.Draw bar 310 is similar to previous embodiment (shown in Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b), and also comprises the first metal debris end 314, metal debris end 314, second and make the interconnective microscler handle 318 of terminal part 314.Each terminal part 314 comprises hole 320 and transitional region 326, and this hole 320 is for receiving the connecting pin of corresponding draw gear fabricated section, and this transitional region 326 allows transmitted load between handle 318 and terminal part 314.Handle 318 comprises two the relative flanges 322 being interconnected to be formed roughly C tee section by web 324.Draw bar 310 is also configured so that at least one in the first lorry and the second lorry (not shown) can rotate around corresponding terminal part 314 relative to draw bar 310.Therefore, as the draw bar 210 shown in Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b, draw bar 310 also can be considered to " rotation traction traction bar ".

Draw bar 310 also comprises tension member 328, and tension member 328 is connected to relative two flanges 322, makes tension member 328 and handle 318 define handle assembly 331.Tension member 328 and web 324 separate to form closed hollow bulb section 330 (as mentioned above, hollow bulb section can provide larger strength-to-weight ratio for draw bar 310).In the form illustrated, tension member 328 welds 329 to flange 322 and terminal part, makes it almost enclose the space be formed between flange and terminal part completely.In other forms, tension member 328 only partly can extend along flange 322 and fastening (such as chemically, mechanically etc.) to flange 322.Tension member 328 can be formed by the material identical from flange 322 or can be formed by the material different with flange 322.

The interpolation of tension member 328 can improve the rigidity being included in handle when being subject to torque load.When not having tension member 328, the mesomorphism axle (i.e. secondary moment of inertia) of draw bar 310 will depart from the axis of the combined load in use when being stretched or compress (extruding or tractive load).Under such layout, draw bar 310 bends being easily affected, and this is less desirable, and reason is that pin draw bar 310 being connected on two ends lorry can not by load equably.The existence of tension member 328 makes mesomorphism axle be moved into towards the axis of combined load mesomorphism axle is aimed at the axis of combined load, and this is avoided or at least reduce bending when being stretched or compress of draw bar 310.Tension member 328 shaped becomes to ensure that this rough alignment when being soldered to draw bar.It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art, axis not necessarily accurate in order to reduce the bending this aligning of draw bar, but to will definitely be more close, draw bar will more can not bend.

Tension member 328 is as the combination of individual component---tension member 328 is fixed to handle 318 subsequently---makes handle 318 first can be shaped to forged part, but still allows draw bar 310 to have the structural behaviour of closure section when tension member 328 is attached.

Referring now to Fig. 4, show the embodiment of draw bar 410.Draw bar 410 has the form similar with the embodiment of the draw bar shown in Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b, except draw bar 410 also comprises the flank 432 be arranged between relative flange 422.Flank 432 has waveform form (namely when from top view draw bar) between flange 422.But in other forms, flank can such as perpendicular to flange 422.In the form illustrated, flank 432 forms (such as forging) with flange 422 and web 424.In another form, flank 432 can in connecting the form to the separate part of flange 422 and/or web 424 such as (such as weld, fastening).

Referring now to Fig. 5, disclose another embodiment (also there is the form similar with the embodiment shown in Fig. 2 a, Fig. 2 b, Fig. 2 b and Fig. 4) of draw bar 510, wherein, the Part I 534 of web 524 along the Part I 536 of handle 518 and corresponding lower edge 538 along flange 522 extend.The Part II 540 of web 524 along the Part II 542 of handle 518 and corresponding upper limb 544 along flange 522 extend.The Part III 546 of web makes the first web part 534 and the second web part 540 be interconnected and extend between the upper limb 544 and lower edge 538 of flange 522.This " bilateral " forging can the control in authorized load path and flatness, thus makes in use load path lead to the outer wall of draw bar 510.The path of lower edge 538 to the upper limb 544 from flange 544 of web 524 can provide the further torsional stiffness through draw bar 510 middle body.Although be not illustrated in the form illustrated, this embodiment of draw bar 510 can also comprise one or more tension member (not shown) and think that draw bar 510 provides further structure support.

Referring now to Fig. 6, disclose the embodiment (having and form like the form class shown in previous embodiment) of draw bar 610, draw bar 610 is formed by interconnective first component 646 and second component 648.In the form illustrated, first component 646 is connected with the mode of second component 648 by welding, but, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art, various forms of connection can be used, such as, comprise temporary fastener, permanent fastener, blocking device etc.Each parts 646,648 comprise shank 650 and terminal part part 652, and wherein, the shank 650 of first component 646 and second component 648 is roughly C shape shape.In this way, when first component 646 is interconnected with second component 648, the shank 650 of corresponding component 646,648 defines closed hollow bulb section 654.In other forms, at least one in parts 646,648 can also comprise one or more as above about draw bar 610 other forms disclosed in tension member 628 and/or flank 632.

The terminal part part 652 of each in first component 646 and second component 648 all comprises the part in hole 656.In other forms, the only terminal part in terminal part part 652 can comprise the part in hole 656.When part 646,648 is interconnected, hole portion 654 is aimed at, and makes to define at least one hole 620 through corresponding terminal part 614.In use and when pin is accepted through hole 620, pin can help (namely except welding, fastener etc.) stops first component 646 and second component 648 motion relative to each other.Shown form also comprises the fin 658 be positioned near hole portion 656, fin 658 in use (namely when parts 646,648 are via when such as welding is interconnected) further impedance to spin load can be provided.

Referring now to Fig. 7, show another embodiment (having and form like the form class shown in previous embodiment) of draw bar 710, this draw bar 710 comprises the handle 718 of " H-shaped cross section " type.Handle 718 is forged into and makes to form protrusion 760 along the upper limb 744 of flange 722 and lower edge 738.In this way, edge 738,744 are formed as making it thicker than the pars intermedia of flange 722, and therefore, the corner part place of handle 718 is positioned with more material.Can, in use for draw bar 710 provides larger torsional strength, contribute to making the total weight of draw bar 710 minimum (namely owing to less material to be used in the middle part of flange 722) so simultaneously.

Referring now to Fig. 9, show the diagram of circuit of the method describing the draw bar manufactured according to the embodiment of the present invention.Shown method comprises preheated charge 823, and this can be performed by induction furnace.Blank is preheated to the temperature that is suitable for forging and carries out forging 864 by applying pressure subsequently, with by the blank shaped one-tenth blank (namely have roughly similar size and dimension) roughly similar to desired product.In the present embodiment, manufacture whole draw bar by the mode of forging, and the product of therefore expecting is stayed pole.In other embodiments, may only be manufactured by forging by terminal part, and the handle of draw bar is manufactured by casting process.In such embodiment, terminal part subsequently will by being such as welded and fixed to handle.

After forging process 864, blank again heated 866 and enter subsequently another forging process 868 (.In this another forging process 868, blank (having coarse draw bar form) is shaped in the mould such as opened wide, and makes this blank in the form roughly the same with draw bar.In the present embodiment, manufactured draw bar comprises the cross section of the roughly C shape shape formed by flange and interconnective web.

Forging process 964,968 both can perform in the following manner: at least the crystal grain of terminal part is along the direction arrangement of draw bar principal stress in use.In the draw bar manufactured by the method illustrated, crystal grain arranges along the direction of the longitudinal axis of the handle of draw bar.In another form, draw bar (or parts of draw bar) can be formed in single forging step.

After second time forging process 968,970 are heat-treated to improve the strength character of the material of draw bar to draw bar.Afterwards by tension member welding 972 to draw bar flange to form handle assembly, this handle assembly along draw bar handle there is closed cross section at least partially.In this respect, similar with the draw bar shown in Fig. 3 b to Fig. 3 a by the draw bar of the method formation illustrated.In other embodiments, the flange of draw bar may not weld tension member.After welding 972 is carried out to tension member, tempering is carried out to improve its structural behaviour to draw bar (comprising tension member).

In appended claim of the present invention and in foregoing summary, except due to representation language or necessary implication and when context separately has requirement, otherwise word " comprises " implication being used to " comprising ", that is, above-mentioned feature can be associated with other features in various embodiment of the present invention.

When not deviating from the spirit or scope of the present invention, modification and remodeling can be made to previously described parts.

Claims (29)

1., for making the first railway truck and the interconnective draw bar of the second railway truck, described draw bar comprises:

First metal debris end and the second metal debris end, described first metal debris end and the second metal debris end are arranged on the contrary end regions place of described draw bar, and described terminal part is forged and shaped becomes for being interconnected to the corresponding draw gear fabricated section on described first railway truck and described second railway truck; And

Microscler handle, described microscler handle makes described terminal part be interconnected and extends along the longitudinal direction between described terminal part.

2. draw bar according to claim 1, wherein, described terminal part has roughly along the crystal grain of the described longitudinal direction arrangement of described handle.

3. draw bar according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, at least one terminal part in described terminal part in conjunction with porose to receive the connecting pin of the corresponding draw gear fabricated section in described draw gear fabricated section.

4. draw bar according to claim 3, wherein, described hole is worked at least one terminal part described by milling.

5. the draw bar according to arbitrary aforementioned claim, wherein, described handle is forged and is formed with described terminal part.

6. draw bar according to claim 5, wherein, described handle comprises and to extend and by the interconnective relative flange of web along described longitudinal direction.

7. draw bar according to claim 6, wherein, described web extends along the corresponding edge of described flange to form roughly C tee section.

8. draw bar according to claim 5, wherein, described web extends along the middle of relative edge of described flange to form roughly I tee section.

9. draw bar according to claim 6, wherein, the Part I of described web along the Part I of described handle and corresponding lower edge along described flange extend, and the Part II of described web along the Part II of described handle and corresponding upper limb along described flange extend, and the Part III of described web makes described first web part and described second web part be interconnected and extends between the described upper limb and described lower edge of described flange.

10. the draw bar according to any one of claim 6 to 9, also comprises the tension member being connected to described relative flange, described reinforcement and described web spaced apart with the closure section forming hollow.

11. draw bars according to claim 10, wherein, described tension member is soldered to described relative flange.

12. draw bars according to claim 10 or 11, wherein, described tension member shaped becomes to make when being connected to described flange, is squeezed and draws caused combined load rough alignment in the neutral axis through described handle and the cross section of be connected tension member of described draw bar and use.

13. draw bars according to any one in claim 6 to 12, also comprise the flank be arranged between described relative flange.

14. according to the draw bar described in any one be subordinated in the claim 6 to 13 of claim 3, and wherein, described flange on top extends along the direction identical with the described hole at least one terminal part described between edge with lower edge.

15. draw bars according to claim 5, described draw bar is formed by interconnective first component and second component, each parts include shank and terminal part part, wherein, the described shank of described first component and described second component is roughly C shape, and the described shank of described first component and described second component defines closed hollow bulb section when being interconnected.

16. draw bars according to claim 15, wherein, at least one terminal part part in the described terminal part part of each in described first component and described second component comprises the part in hole, and the described part in described hole defines the hole through described terminal part when described parts are interconnected.

17. draw bars according to claim 15 or 16, wherein, described first component and described second component weld together.

18. draw bars according to arbitrary aforementioned claim, wherein, described terminal part comprises corresponding transitional region, and described transitional region allows transmitted load between described handle and described terminal part.

19. draw bars according to arbitrary aforementioned claim, described draw bar can rotate relative to the one in described first lorry and the second lorry.

20. draw bars according to arbitrary aforementioned claim, wherein, at least one surface applications selective hardening of described draw bar.

21. draw bars according to claim 18, wherein, at least one surface described is the outside face of at least one terminal part in described terminal part, and described selective hardening comprises the one in induction hardening or flame hardnessing.

20. according to claim 3 and be subordinated in the claim 4 to 19 of claim 3 described in any one draw bar, and wherein, the described surface in described hole is by shot-peening.

21. 1 kinds of methods manufacturing draw bar, described draw bar has the first metal debris end and the second metal debris end at the contrary end regions place being arranged on described draw bar and described terminal part is interconnected and the microscler handle extended along the longitudinal direction between described terminal part, and described method comprises the forging of at least one blank with the described terminal part forming described draw bar.

22. methods according to claim 21, wherein, perform and arrange along the described longitudinal direction of described handle to make the crystal grain of described terminal part the described forging of described terminal part.

23. methods according to claim 21 or 22, also comprise the step of forging the described handle of described draw bar.

24. methods according to claim 23, wherein, described terminal part and described handle are forged to unitary members.

25. methods according to claim 24, wherein, the described step of forging described handle comprises forges to be formed roughly C tee section by by interconnective two flanges of web.

26. methods according to claim 25, also comprise and are connected between described flange tension member with the step forming closed cross-section at least partially along described handle.

27. methods according to claim 26, wherein, described tension member is soldered to described flange.