CN105160449A - Electric automobile charging pile optimization layout method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an electric automobile charging pile optimization layout method. The electric automobile charging pile optimization layout method comprises three parts of electric automobile pile information base establishment and update, electric automobile charging pile quantity and position calculation and electric automobile charging pile layout optimization. Electric automobile pile information base establishment relates to charging pile quantity, position and vehicle distribution characteristics in an object region, through vehicle behavior simulation, charging pile and vehicle information in the region are updated. Based on the charging pile information, the quantity and positions of the charging piles in the region are calculated, total cost of the charging piles in the region is calculated and optimized through a total cost object function and constraint conditions, and optimum configuration of the charging piles in the region can be figured out.

Description

A kind of electric automobile charging pile Optimal Deployment Method

Technical field

The invention belongs to electric automobile and fill electrical changing station design field, be specifically related to a kind of electric automobile charging pile Optimal Deployment Method.

Background technology

Electric automobile, as one of the main development direction of new-energy automobile, is more and more subject to people's attention.Along with the continuous increase of electric automobile market recoverable amount, the target of building charging auxiliary facility must be proposed, to provide effective supporting guarantee for electric automobile fast development.Alternating-current charging pile Quantity, layout, pattern etc. can produce material impact to the range of application of electric automobile and large-scale development, and be that can electric automobile the key of fast-developing and rapid businessization application, therefore the construction of alternating-current charging pile is particularly important.

Electric vehicle alternating-current charging pile construct and design scheme, and be applied to a collection of community, Shenzhen; Describe the current situation of China's electric automobile charging station, propose affect electric automobile charging station planning factor and electric automobile plan in principle, Optimal Distribution and scale study etc.Other research reports built about alternating-current charging pile are relatively less.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is the alternating-current charging pile layout method in order to provide a kind of optimization, making charging comprehensive cost minimum.

For solving above-mentioned technical matters, the technical scheme that electric automobile charging pile Optimal Deployment Method of the present invention adopts is:

A kind of electric automobile charging pile Optimal Deployment Method, comprising: set up electric automobile knee information bank in region, comprise electric automobile information bank and alternating-current charging pile information; Dump energy when electric automobile packets of information is set out containing electric automobile quantity, all electric automobiles, set out moment and correspondence position; Alternating-current charging pile packets of information is containing charging pile quantity and installation location; Calculate vehicle i to charge housing choice behavior in t; Judge the state of all vehicles in t, whether under steam to comprise vehicle, whether the dump energy of vehicle can complete trip, if dump energy cannot complete trip, then judges the next charging pile position that vehicle runs into; In this region, charging pile Quantity and installation location calculate; Total expenses optimization calculates, and optimization aim is total least cost, and total cost comprises operating cost and charging electric vehicle waiting cost on alternating-current charging pile Construction and management expense, electric automobile road.

Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

The present invention affects on basis by analyzing the factors such as the operational mode of electric automobile under charging electric vehicle amount total demand amount, many scenes and charging electric vehicle facility commercial operation pattern, propose a kind of alternating-current charging pile construction mode that the moment retrains of considering, by to having charge requirement electric automobile space form distance, waiting for that the expense such as duration of charging and alternating-current charging pile implementation management calculates, draw the alternating-current charging pile construction scheme of comparing optimization, make charging comprehensive cost minimum.Simulation result shows that the program can determine rational alternating-current charging pile quantity and position fast, greatly reduces investment risk, for the health of electric automobile, fast development provide powerful guarantee.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of electric automobile charging pile Optimal Deployment Method of the present invention.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, illustrate the present invention further, these embodiments should be understood only be not used in for illustration of the present invention and limit the scope of the invention, after having read the present invention, the amendment of those skilled in the art to the various equivalent form of value of the present invention has all fallen within the application's claims limited range.

The present invention proposes a kind of new electric automobile charging pile Optimal Deployment Method, may electric automobile user's behavioral trait and duty set up possible " car-stake information bank model " according to charging electric vehicle load prediction in space basis in certain region of collection, by judging vehicle running state real-time update " car-stake information bank model ", finally obtain possible alternating-current charging pile Optimal Distribution position.For the optimization of other regional exchange charging piles, this region of same Water demand electric automobile user behavioral trait etc., and set up corresponding " car-stake information bank model " for this characteristic.

Need the car, the stake information bank that comprise electric automobile and alternating-current charging pile according to the alternating-current charging pile information of supposition and the electric automobile information architecture of reality, wherein alternating-current charging pile packets of information is containing the information such as charging pile quantity and installation location, dump energy, the information such as moment and correspondence position of setting out when electric automobile packets of information is set out containing all electric automobiles.By analyzing electric automobile i in the status information of t, this electric automobile is guided to go the most rational alternating-current charging pile to charge.This simulation process can determine rational alternating-current charging pile Quantity and position according to electric automobile quantity and traffic relevant information in region, avoids building stake because of many investments and produces extra cost.

Concrete, shown in Fig. 1, preferred embodiment comprise:

A kind of electric automobile charging pile Optimal Deployment Method, is characterized in that, comprising:

Set up electric automobile knee information bank in region, comprise electric automobile information bank and alternating-current charging pile information; Dump energy when electric automobile packets of information is set out containing electric automobile quantity, all electric automobiles, set out moment and correspondence position; Alternating-current charging pile packets of information is containing charging pile quantity and installation location;

Calculate vehicle i to charge housing choice behavior in t; Judge the state of all vehicles in t, whether under steam to comprise vehicle, whether the dump energy of vehicle can complete trip, if dump energy cannot complete trip, then judges the next charging pile position that vehicle runs into;

In this region, charging pile Quantity and installation location calculate;

Total expenses optimization calculates, and optimization aim is total least cost, and total cost comprises operating cost and charging electric vehicle waiting cost on alternating-current charging pile Construction and management expense, electric automobile road.

Electric automobile charging pile layout optimization is in conjunction with electric automobile in space and temporal distribution situation, and the alternating-current charging pile construction mode that to set up with total least cost be objective function, provides the optimum results of charging pile quantity and position according to the comparison of general objective function.Concrete computing method are as follows.

1. objective function

Objective function and total least cost, comprise operating cost and charging waiting cost on alternating-current charging pile Construction and management expense, electric automobile road, its expression formula is

$\min f=\underset{j=1}{\overset{m}{\Σ}}{U}_j+U_{i1}\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\Σ}}\underset{j=1}{\overset{m}{\Σ}}{Z}_{ij}{d}_{ij}+U_{i2}\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\Σ}}\underset{j=1}{\overset{m}{\Σ}}{Z}_{ij}{t}_{ij}---\left(1\right)$

In formula:

N is electric automobile total quantity;

M is alternating-current charging pile total quantity;

Z _ijfor charging decision variable, if 1, then i-th electric automobile is in a jth alternating-current charging pile charging, otherwise is 0;

D _ijbe the Weighted distance of i-th electric automobile to a jth alternating-current charging pile;

T _ijit is the charging stand-by period of i-th electric automobile to a jth alternating-current charging pile;

U _jfor jth alternating-current charging pile construction and managerial cost;

U _i1be i-th electric automobile unit operating range consumption costs;

U _i2be i-th electric automobile unit stand-by period consumption costs.

This model is a dynamic model, take into full account that different electric automobile is to more multifactorial impacts such as the distance of different alternating-current charging pile and charging stand-by period, and employ weighting coefficient in modeling process, make theoretical distance value closer to actual range, more realistic, model also more accurately and reliably.

Constraint condition

Constraint of demand, space constraint and time-constrain 3 constraint conditions are comprised in formula (1) objective function.

(1) constraint of demand

Constraint of demand refer to the charging service whether electric automobile i accepts alternating-current charging pile j, given such as formula (2), if Z _ijbe that 1 expression accepts charging service, if Z _ijbe that 0 expression does not accept charging service.

$\frac{n\·Q_n\·\mathrm{\α}}{\mathrm{\β}\·24}\≥m---\left(3\right)$

In inequality (3), the same formula of m, n implication (1), Qn is each electric automobile average charge amount, and α is the user's ratio having charge requirement in all electric automobiles in whole planning every day region, and β is the average power of separate unit standard AC charging pile.

(2) space constraint

The coordinate of setting alternating-current charging pile is respectively (X _j, Y _j), need charging electric automobile coordinate to be (x _j, y _j), wherein there is i=1,2 ..., n, j=1,2 ..., m, then Weighted distance is

In formula, ω _ibe i-th distance weighted coefficient of electric automobile, D _limitfor setting sent by charging electric automobile charging early warning after allow travel maximum traffic distance.

(3) time-constrain

I-th electric automobile need meet formula (5) requirement to the charging queue waiting time of a jth alternating-current charging pile. $t_{ij}=\left\{\begin{array}{cc}0& N_{ij}=0\\ {\mathrm{\τN}}_{ij}& N_{ij}\≥1\end{array}\right.---\left(5\right)$

N in formula (5) _ijwait for charging electric automobile number when being i-th electric automobile arrival alternating-current charging pile j place, τ is each charging electric vehicle time, is generally 0.5h.

Claims (6)

1. an electric automobile charging pile Optimal Deployment Method, is characterized in that, comprising:

Set up electric automobile knee information bank in region, comprise electric automobile information bank and alternating-current charging pile information; Dump energy when electric automobile packets of information is set out containing electric automobile quantity, all electric automobiles, set out moment and correspondence position; Alternating-current charging pile packets of information is containing charging pile quantity and installation location;

Calculate vehicle i to charge housing choice behavior in t; Judge the state of all vehicles in t, whether under steam to comprise vehicle, whether the dump energy of vehicle can complete trip, if dump energy cannot complete trip, then judges the next charging pile position that vehicle runs into;

In this region, charging pile Quantity and installation location calculate;

Total expenses optimization calculates, and optimization aim is total least cost, and total cost comprises operating cost and charging electric vehicle waiting cost on alternating-current charging pile Construction and management expense, electric automobile road.

2. electric automobile charging pile Optimal Deployment Method as described in claim 1, is characterized in that,

The computing method of total expenses f are:

$\min f=\underset{j=1}{\overset{m}{\Σ}}{U}_j+U_{i1}\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\Σ}}\underset{j=1}{\overset{m}{\Σ}}{Z}_{ij}{d}_{ij}+U_{i2}\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\Σ}}\underset{j=1}{\overset{m}{\Σ}}{Z}_{ij}{t}_{ij}$

In formula:

N is electric automobile total quantity;

M is alternating-current charging pile total quantity;

Z _ijfor charging decision variable, if 1, then i-th electric automobile is in a jth alternating-current charging pile charging, otherwise is 0;

D _ijbe the Weighted distance of i-th electric automobile to a jth alternating-current charging pile;

T _ijit is the charging stand-by period of i-th electric automobile to a jth alternating-current charging pile;

U _jfor jth alternating-current charging pile construction and managerial cost;

U _i1be i-th electric automobile unit operating range consumption costs;

U _i2be i-th electric automobile unit stand-by period consumption costs.

3. electric automobile charging pile Optimal Deployment Method as described in claim 2, is characterized in that,

Comprise constraint of demand in the computing method of total expenses, constraint of demand refer to the charging service whether electric automobile i accepts alternating-current charging pile j, as shown in the formula, if Z _ijbe that 1 expression accepts charging service, if Z _ijbe that 0 expression does not accept charging service:

$\frac{n\·Q_n\·\mathrm{\α}}{\mathrm{\β}\·24}\≥m$

Wherein Q _nfor each electric automobile average charge amount, α is the user's ratio having charge requirement in all electric automobiles in whole planning every day region, and β is the average power of separate unit standard AC charging pile.

4. the electric automobile charging pile Optimal Deployment Method as described in Claims 2 or 3, is characterized in that,

Space constraint is comprised in the computing method of total expenses:

The coordinate of setting alternating-current charging pile is respectively (X _j, Y _j), need charging electric automobile coordinate to be (x _j, y _j), wherein there is i=1,2 ..., n, j=1,2 ..., m, then Weighted distance d _ijfor

In formula, ω _ibe i-th distance weighted coefficient of electric automobile, D _limitfor setting sent by charging electric automobile charging early warning after allow travel maximum traffic distance.

5. the electric automobile charging pile Optimal Deployment Method according to Claims 2 or 3, is characterized in that:

Time-constrain is comprised in the computing method of total expenses:

I-th electric automobile is to the charging queue waiting time t of a jth alternating-current charging pile _ijfollowing formula requirement need be met,

$t_{ij}=\left\{\begin{array}{cc}0& N_{ij}=0\\ {\mathrm{\τN}}_{ij}& N_{ij}\≥1\end{array}\right.$

N _ijwait for charging electric automobile number when being i-th electric automobile arrival alternating-current charging pile j place, τ is each charging electric vehicle time.

6. electric automobile charging pile Optimal Deployment Method according to claim 5, is characterized in that:

τ is 0.5h.