CN105158843A - 一种细径抗弯曲光纤及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种细径抗弯曲光纤及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105158843A
CN105158843A CN201510542224.XA CN201510542224A CN105158843A CN 105158843 A CN105158843 A CN 105158843A CN 201510542224 A CN201510542224 A CN 201510542224A CN 105158843 A CN105158843 A CN 105158843A
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曹珊珊
刘志忠
胡继刚
王震
张海涛
周慧
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Zhongtian Technologies Fibre Optics Co Ltd
Jiangsu Zhongtian Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种细径抗弯曲光纤及其制备方法,首先通过改良的化学气相沉积法制备预制棒,然后在一定温度下通过拉丝制备光纤,光纤的外包层直径为80±1μm,涂覆层的直径为155~170μm,制备完成后通过搭建的计算模型计算出光纤的使用寿命。本发明的优点在于:细径抗弯曲光纤主要由芯层、平台层、凹陷层、外包层及涂覆层组成,各层相对折射率及半径控制合理,在拉丝过程中,采用温度、张力自动监控程序,有效控制了截止波长,使截止波长与模场直径维持在相对稳定的范围内,在模场直径稳定的前提下,将截止波长往上调整,有利于光纤的弯曲损耗减小。

Description

一种细径抗弯曲光纤及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种细径抗弯曲光纤及其制备方法,属于光纤传输技术领域。
背景技术
随着中国大规模推进三网融合和宽带中国战略,4G网络、数据中心的建设带来新一轮的增长。随着宽带服务的扩大,通信网络的建设经历从核心网络到接入网络和光纤到户的发展,FTTH建设的光纤位于拥挤和狭窄的通道,以及反复弯曲后,放置在被连接的线路终端,对光纤的弯曲损耗提出了更高的要求。
光纤器件在光纤通信系统及光纤传感系统中是必不可少的器件,传统的单模光纤包层直径在125μm,涂覆后外径在245μm。在一些器件使用要求下不能满足空间要求,且弯曲损耗大,因此急需研制一种减小空间资源,同时具有超低的弯曲损耗性能的细径抗弯曲光纤及其制备方法,同时在光纤的制备过程中,需有效控制截止波长,当截止波长越大时,光纤的损耗越小。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种减小空间资源,同时具有超低的弯曲损耗性能的细径抗弯曲光纤及其制备方法。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明的技术方案为:一种细径抗弯曲光纤,其创新点在于:包括从内向外依次设置的芯层、平台层、凹陷层、外包层及涂覆层;所述芯层、平台层及凹陷层的折射率依次减小,芯层的相对折射率为0.06~0.28%,半径为2.5~3.5μm;平台层的相对折射率为-0.38~-0.15%,半径为16~27μm;凹陷层的相对折射率为-0.7~-0.15%,半径为30~45μm;所述外包层为纯二氧化硅玻璃层,直径为80±1μm。
进一步的,所述细径抗弯曲光纤在直径100mm,100圈以上的情况下,其1550nm的弯曲损耗低于0.05dB。
进一步的,所述涂覆层的直径为155~170μm。
本发明基于一种细径抗弯曲光纤,公开了一种细径抗弯曲光纤的制备方法,其创新点在于:所述制备方法具体如下:
(1)采用改良的化学气相沉积法依次沉积外包层、凹陷层、平台层及芯层;
(2)将沉积后的管体放置在熔缩机床上熔缩为一实心预制棒;
(3)将预制棒固定在拉丝塔上,并在2150℃的温度下拉制成光纤;
(4)安装涂覆器模具进行拉丝,拉丝结束后剪断光纤;
(5)设定拉丝塔的固化距离为2m~4m,并在固化炉中进行固化烘干;
(6)在固化后,光纤在自动收线装置上进行卷绕,对光纤拉丝塔轮系进行设计,其V型轮角度控制在20~50°,便于细直径光纤定位。
(7)搭建计算模型,根据光纤的弹性模量、施力时间及弯曲系数计算出光纤的寿命。
进一步的,所述步骤(4)中拉丝时的涂覆压力为0.02~0.025MPa,拉丝速度为800~1500m/min。
进一步的,所述步骤(5)中的固化炉的总功率为18000~24000W。
本发明的优点在于:
(1)细径抗弯曲光纤主要由芯层、平台层、凹陷层、外包层及涂覆层组成,各层相对折射率及半径控制合理,在拉丝过程中,采用温度、张力自动监控程序,有效控制了截止波长,使截止波长与模场直径维持在相对稳定的范围内,在模场直径稳定的前提下,将截止波长往上调整,有利于光纤的弯曲损耗减小。
(2)细径抗弯曲光纤在直径10mm,100圈以上的情况下,其1550nm的弯曲损耗低于0.05dB,有利于国家的FTTH光纤到户建设以及小型光纤器件的发展。
(3)细径抗弯曲光纤直径仅为80μm,涂层为170um以下,相较于常规的125/245um的光纤,有效的节约了资源,与传统的光纤相比,该新型光纤可满足2%以上的筛选应变,具有较高的强度。
(4)细径抗弯曲光纤的制备完成后,搭建计算模型,可根据光纤的弹性模量、施力时间及弯曲系数有效计算出光纤的寿命,且一般满足30年以上的使用寿命。
(5)在光纤制备过程中,涂覆压力为0.02~0.025MPa,拉丝速度为800~1500m/min,使光纤有稳定的缓冲涂层和保护涂层,并保证了光纤质量良好。
(6)固化炉的总功率为18000~24000W,固化烘干迅速且产品质量好。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种细径抗弯曲光纤的折射率剖面结构分布图。
具体实施方式
如图1所示,本发明公开了一种细径抗弯曲光纤,包括从内向外依次设置的芯层、平台层、凹陷层、外包层及涂覆层;芯层、平台层及凹陷层的折射率依次减小,芯层的相对折射率为0.06~0.28%,半径为2.5~3.5μm;平台层的相对折射率为-0.38~-0.15%,半径为16~27μm;凹陷层的相对折射率为-0.7~-0.15%,半径为30~45μm;所述外包层为纯二氧化硅玻璃层,直径为80±1μm。
实施例1
本发明还公开了一种细径抗弯曲光纤的制备方法,该制备方法具体如下:
(1)采用改良的化学气相沉积法依次沉积外包层、凹陷层、平台层及芯层;
(2)将沉积后的管体放置在熔缩机床上熔缩为一实心预制棒;
(3)将预制棒固定在拉丝塔上,并在2150℃的温度下拉制成光纤;
(4)安装涂覆器模具进行拉丝,控制涂覆压力为0.01~0.02MPa,拉丝速度为500~800m/min,拉丝结束后剪断光纤;
(5)设定拉丝塔的固化距离为2m~4m,并在固化炉中进行固化烘干,固化炉的总功率为18000~24000W;
(6)在固化后,光纤在自动收线装置上进行卷绕,对光纤拉丝塔轮系进行设计,其V型轮角度控制在20~50°,便于细直径光纤定位。
(7)搭建计算模型,根据光纤的弹性模量、施力时间及弯曲系数计算出光纤的寿命。
下表为涂覆压力及拉丝速度对光纤断裂次数影响的关系表:
实施例2
一种细径抗弯曲光纤的制备方法具体如下:
(1)采用改良的化学气相沉积法依次沉积外包层、凹陷层、平台层及芯层;
(2)将沉积后的管体放置在熔缩机床上熔缩为一实心预制棒;
(3)将预制棒固定在拉丝塔上,并在2150℃的温度下拉制成光纤;
(4)安装涂覆器模具进行拉丝,控制涂覆压力为0.02~0.025MPa,拉丝速度为800~1500m/min,拉丝结束后剪断光纤;
(5)设定拉丝塔的固化距离为2m~4m,并在固化炉中进行固化烘干,固化炉的总功率为18000~24000W;
(6)在固化后,光纤在自动收线装置上进行卷绕,对光纤拉丝塔轮系进行设计,其V型轮角度控制在20~50°,便于细直径光纤定位。
(7)搭建计算模型,根据光纤的弹性模量、施力时间及弯曲系数计算出光纤的寿命。
下表为涂覆压力及拉丝速度对光纤断裂次数影响的关系表:
实施例3
一种细径抗弯曲光纤的制备方法具体如下:
(1)采用改良的化学气相沉积法依次沉积外包层、凹陷层、平台层及芯层;
(2)将沉积后的管体放置在熔缩机床上熔缩为一实心预制棒;
(3)将预制棒固定在拉丝塔上,并在2150℃的温度下拉制成光纤;
(4)安装涂覆器模具进行拉丝,控制涂覆压力为0.025~0.035MPa,拉丝速度为1500~2000m/min,拉丝结束后剪断光纤;
(5)设定拉丝塔的固化距离为2m~4m,并在固化炉中进行固化烘干,固化炉的总功率为18000~24000W;
(6)在固化后,光纤在自动收线装置上进行卷绕,对光纤拉丝塔轮系进行设计,其V型轮角度控制在20~50°,便于细直径光纤定位。
(7)搭建计算模型,根据光纤的弹性模量、施力时间及弯曲系数计算出光纤的寿命。
下表为涂覆压力及拉丝速度对光纤断裂次数影响的关系表:
根据上述实施例,实施例2中的光纤在拉丝过程中断裂次数最少,此时结构最稳固,质量最好,因此选用涂覆压力为0.02~0.025MPa,拉丝速度为800~1500m/min。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征。本行业的技术人员应该了解,本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下,本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定 。

Claims (7)

1.一种细径抗弯曲光纤,其特征在于:包括从内向外依次设置的芯层、平台层、凹陷层、外包层及涂覆层;所述芯层、平台层及凹陷层的折射率依次减小,芯层的相对折射率为0.06~0.28%,半径为2.5~3.5μm;平台层的相对折射率为-0.38~-0.15%,半径为16~27μm;凹陷层的相对折射率为-0.7~-0.15%,半径为30~45μm;所述外包层为纯二氧化硅玻璃层,直径为80±1μm。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种细径抗弯曲光纤,其特征在于:所述细径抗弯曲光纤在直径10mm,100圈以上的情况下,其1550nm的弯曲损耗低于0.05dB。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种细径抗弯曲光纤,其特征在于:所述涂覆层的直径为155~170μm。
4.一种基于权利要求1所述的一种细径抗弯曲光纤的制备方法,其特征在于:所述制备方法具体如下:
采用改良的化学气相沉积法依次沉积外包层、凹陷层、平台层及芯层;
将沉积后的管体放置在熔缩机床上熔缩为一实心预制棒;
将预制棒固定在拉丝塔上,并在2150℃的温度下拉制成光纤;
安装涂覆器模具进行拉丝,拉丝结束后剪断光纤;
设定拉丝塔的固化距离为2m~4m,并在固化炉中进行固化烘干;
在固化后,光纤在自动收线装置上进行卷绕,对光纤拉丝塔轮系进行设计,其V型轮角度控制在20~50°,便于细直径光纤定位。
5.搭建计算模型,根据光纤的弹性模量、施力时间及弯曲系数计算出光纤的寿命。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种细径抗弯曲光纤的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(4)中拉丝时的涂覆压力为0.02~0.025MPa,拉丝速度为800~1500m/min。
7.根据权利要求4所述的一种细径抗弯曲光纤的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(5)中的固化炉的总功率为18000~24000W。
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