WO2017036030A1 - 一种细径抗弯曲光纤及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种细径抗弯曲光纤及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2017036030A1
WO2017036030A1 PCT/CN2015/099425 CN2015099425W WO2017036030A1 WO 2017036030 A1 WO2017036030 A1 WO 2017036030A1 CN 2015099425 W CN2015099425 W CN 2015099425W WO 2017036030 A1 WO2017036030 A1 WO 2017036030A1
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layer
optical fiber
diameter
fiber
bending
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PCT/CN2015/099425
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French (fr)
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曹珊珊
刘志忠
胡继刚
王震
张海涛
周慧
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中天科技光纤有限公司
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Priority to US15/756,578 priority Critical patent/US20180217325A1/en
Publication of WO2017036030A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017036030A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/036—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating core or cladding comprising multiple layers
    • G02B6/03616—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference
    • G02B6/03638—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference having 3 layers only
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/036—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating core or cladding comprising multiple layers
    • G02B6/03616—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference
    • G02B6/03638—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference having 3 layers only
    • G02B6/0365—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference having 3 layers only arranged - - +
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
    • C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/012—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/014—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments made entirely or partially by chemical means, e.g. vapour phase deposition of bulk porous glass either by outside vapour deposition [OVD], or by outside vapour phase oxidation [OVPO] or by vapour axial deposition [VAD]
    • C03B37/018—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments made entirely or partially by chemical means, e.g. vapour phase deposition of bulk porous glass either by outside vapour deposition [OVD], or by outside vapour phase oxidation [OVPO] or by vapour axial deposition [VAD] by glass deposition on a glass substrate, e.g. by inside-, modified-, plasma-, or plasma modified- chemical vapour deposition [ICVD, MCVD, PCVD, PMCVD], i.e. by thin layer coating on the inside or outside of a glass tube or on a glass rod
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
    • C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/02—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor
    • C03B37/025—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor from reheated softened tubes, rods, fibres or filaments, e.g. drawing fibres from preforms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
    • C03C25/10—Coating
    • C03C25/104—Coating to obtain optical fibres
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
    • C03C25/10—Coating
    • C03C25/104—Coating to obtain optical fibres
    • C03C25/106—Single coatings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/02004—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating characterised by the core effective area or mode field radius
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/02395—Glass optical fibre with a protective coating, e.g. two layer polymer coating deposited directly on a silica cladding surface during fibre manufacture
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B2203/00—Fibre product details, e.g. structure, shape
    • C03B2203/10—Internal structure or shape details
    • C03B2203/22—Radial profile of refractive index, composition or softening point

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a thin-diameter anti-bending optical fiber and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of optical fiber transmission.
  • Optical fiber devices are indispensable devices in fiber-optic communication systems and fiber-optic sensing systems.
  • Conventional single-mode fiber claddings have a diameter of 125 ⁇ m and an outer diameter of 245 ⁇ m after coating.
  • the space requirements cannot be met, and the bending loss is large. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a small-diameter anti-bending fiber with reduced space loss and ultra-low bending loss performance and a preparation method thereof, and at the same time in the preparation of the optical fiber.
  • the cutoff wavelength needs to be effectively controlled. When the cutoff wavelength is larger, the loss of the optical fiber is smaller.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a thin-diameter anti-bending optical fiber with reduced space loss and ultra-low bending loss performance and a preparation method thereof.
  • a small-diameter anti-bending optical fiber which is innovative in that it includes a core layer, a platform layer, a concave layer, and a layer layer disposed in order from the inside to the outside.
  • the fine-diameter anti-bending fiber has a bending loss of 1550 nm of less than 0.05 dB in a case of a diameter of 100 mm and more than 100 turns.
  • the coating layer has a diameter of 155 to 170 ⁇ m.
  • the invention is based on a fine-diameter anti-bending optical fiber, and discloses a preparation method of a small-diameter anti-bending optical fiber, which is innovative in that the preparation method is as follows:
  • the optical fiber is wound on the automatic wire take-up device, and the fiber drawing tower wheel train is designed, and the V-shaped wheel angle is controlled at 20 to 50°, which facilitates the positioning of the fine-diameter fiber.
  • the coating pressure at the time of drawing is 0.02 to 0.025 MPa, and the drawing speed is 800 to 1500 m/min.
  • the total power of the curing furnace in the step (5) is 18,000 to 24000 W.
  • the small-diameter anti-bending fiber is mainly composed of a core layer, a platform layer, a concave layer, an outer cladding layer and a coating layer, and the relative refractive index and radius of each layer are controlled reasonably.
  • an automatic temperature and tension monitoring program is adopted.
  • the cutoff wavelength is effectively controlled, and the cutoff wavelength and the mode field diameter are maintained in a relatively stable range. Under the premise that the mode field diameter is stable, the cutoff wavelength is adjusted upward, which is beneficial to the reduction of the bending loss of the optical fiber.
  • the bending loss of 1550nm is less than 0.05dB, which is beneficial to the development of FTTH fiber-to-the-home construction and small-sized fiber optic devices.
  • the diameter of the small-diameter anti-bending fiber is only 80 ⁇ m, and the coating is less than 170um. Compared with the conventional 125/245um fiber, it effectively saves resources. Compared with the traditional fiber, the new fiber can meet 2%. The above screening strain has a higher strength.
  • the calculation model is built, and the life of the fiber can be effectively calculated according to the elastic modulus, the force-applying time and the bending coefficient of the fiber, and generally meets the service life of more than 30 years.
  • the coating pressure is 0.02-0.025 MPa
  • the drawing speed is 800-1500 m/min, so that the optical fiber has a stable buffer coating and a protective coating, and the optical fiber quality is good.
  • the total power of the curing oven is 18000-24000W, the curing and drying are rapid and the product quality is good.
  • the present invention discloses a thin-diameter anti-bending optical fiber, which comprises a core layer, a platform layer, a concave layer, an outer cladding layer and a coating layer disposed in order from the inside to the outside; a core layer, a platform layer and a concave layer.
  • the refractive index is sequentially decreased, the relative refractive index of the core layer is 0.06 to 0.28%, the radius is 2.5 to 3.5 ⁇ m; the relative refractive index of the platform layer is -0.38 to -0.15%, and the radius is 16 to 27 ⁇ m; the relative refraction of the depressed layer The ratio is -0.7 to -0.15%, and the radius is 30 to 45 ⁇ m; the outer cladding is a pure silica glass layer having a diameter of 80 ⁇ 1 ⁇ m.
  • the invention also discloses a preparation method of a small-diameter anti-bending optical fiber, and the preparation method is as follows:
  • the optical fiber is wound on the automatic wire take-up device, and the fiber drawing tower wheel train is designed, and the V-shaped wheel angle is controlled at 20 to 50°, which facilitates the positioning of the fine-diameter fiber.
  • a preparation method of a small-diameter anti-bending optical fiber is as follows:
  • the optical fiber is wound on the automatic wire take-up device, and the fiber drawing tower wheel train is designed, and the V-shaped wheel angle is controlled at 20 to 50°, which facilitates the positioning of the fine-diameter fiber.
  • a preparation method of a small-diameter anti-bending optical fiber is as follows:
  • the optical fiber is wound on the automatic wire take-up device, and the fiber drawing tower wheel train is designed, and the V-shaped wheel angle is controlled at 20 to 50°, which facilitates the positioning of the fine-diameter fiber.
  • the optical fiber in Embodiment 2 has the least number of breaks during the drawing process, and the structure is the most stable and the quality is the best. Therefore, the coating pressure is 0.02-0.025 MPa, and the drawing speed is 800-1500 m/min.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Surface Treatment Of Glass Fibres Or Filaments (AREA)
  • Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)
  • Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

一种细径抗弯曲光纤及其制备方法，首先通过改良的化学气相沉积法制备预制棒，然后在一定温度下通过拉丝制备光纤，光纤的外包层直径为80±1μm，涂覆层的直径为155～170μm，制备完成后通过搭建的计算模型计算出光纤的使用寿命。优点在于：细径抗弯曲光纤主要由芯层、平台层、凹陷层、外包层及涂覆层组成，各层相对折射率及半径控制合理，在拉丝过程中，采用温度、张力自动监控程序，有效控制了截止波长，使截止波长与模场直径维持在相对稳定的范围内，在模场直径稳定的前提下，将截止波长往上调整，有利于光纤的弯曲损耗减小。

Description

一种细径抗弯曲光纤及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种细径抗弯曲光纤及其制备方法，属于光纤传输技术领域。
背景技术
随着中国大规模推进三网融合和宽带中国战略，4G网络、数据中心的建设带来新一轮的增长。随着宽带服务的扩大，通信网络的建设经历从核心网络到接入网络和光纤到户的发展，FTTH建设的光纤位于拥挤和狭窄的通道，以及反复弯曲后，放置在被连接的线路终端，对光纤的弯曲损耗提出了更高的要求。
光纤器件在光纤通信系统及光纤传感系统中是必不可少的器件，传统的单模光纤包层直径在125μm，涂覆后外径在245μm。在一些器件使用要求下不能满足空间要求，且弯曲损耗大，因此急需研制一种减小空间资源，同时具有超低的弯曲损耗性能的细径抗弯曲光纤及其制备方法，同时在光纤的制备过程中，需有效控制截止波长，当截止波长越大时，光纤的损耗越小。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种减小空间资源，同时具有超低的弯曲损耗性能的细径抗弯曲光纤及其制备方法。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明的技术方案为：一种细径抗弯曲光纤，其创新点在于：包括从内向外依次设置的芯层、平台层、凹陷层、 外包层及涂覆层；所述芯层、平台层及凹陷层的折射率依次减小，芯层的相对折射率为0.06～0.28％，半径为2.5～3.5μm；平台层的相对折射率为-0.38～-0.15％，半径为16～27μm；凹陷层的相对折射率为-0.7～-0.15％，半径为30～45μm；所述外包层为纯二氧化硅玻璃层，直径为80±1μm。
进一步的，所述细径抗弯曲光纤在直径100mm，100圈以上的情况下，其1550nm的弯曲损耗低于0.05dB。
进一步的，所述涂覆层的直径为155～170μm。
本发明基于一种细径抗弯曲光纤，公开了一种细径抗弯曲光纤的制备方法，其创新点在于：所述制备方法具体如下：
(1)采用改良的化学气相沉积法依次沉积外包层、凹陷层、平台层及芯层；
(2)将沉积后的管体放置在熔缩机床上熔缩为一实心预制棒；
(3)将预制棒固定在拉丝塔上，并在2150℃的温度下拉制成光纤；
(4)安装涂覆器模具进行拉丝，拉丝结束后剪断光纤；
(5)设定拉丝塔的固化距离为2m～4m，并在固化炉中进行固化烘干；
(6)在固化后，光纤在自动收线装置上进行卷绕，对光纤拉丝塔轮系进行设计，其V型轮角度控制在20～50°，便于细直径光纤定位。
(7)搭建计算模型，根据光纤的弹性模量、施力时间及弯曲系 数计算出光纤的寿命。
进一步的，所述步骤(4)中拉丝时的涂覆压力为0.02～0.025MPa，拉丝速度为800～1500m/min。
进一步的，所述步骤(5)中的固化炉的总功率为18000～24000W。
本发明的优点在于：
(1)细径抗弯曲光纤主要由芯层、平台层、凹陷层、外包层及涂覆层组成，各层相对折射率及半径控制合理，在拉丝过程中，采用温度、张力自动监控程序，有效控制了截止波长，使截止波长与模场直径维持在相对稳定的范围内，在模场直径稳定的前提下，将截止波长往上调整，有利于光纤的弯曲损耗减小。
(2)细径抗弯曲光纤在直径10mm，100圈以上的情况下，其1550nm的弯曲损耗低于0.05dB，有利于国家的FTTH光纤到户建设以及小型光纤器件的发展。
(3)细径抗弯曲光纤直径仅为80μm，涂层为170um以下，相较于常规的125/245um的光纤，有效的节约了资源，与传统的光纤相比，该新型光纤可满足2％以上的筛选应变，具有较高的强度。
(4)细径抗弯曲光纤的制备完成后，搭建计算模型，可根据光纤的弹性模量、施力时间及弯曲系数有效计算出光纤的寿命，且一般满足30年以上的使用寿命。
(5)在光纤制备过程中，涂覆压力为0.02～0.025MPa，拉丝速度为800～1500m/min，使光纤有稳定的缓冲涂层和保护涂层，并保证了光纤质量良好。
(6)固化炉的总功率为18000～24000W，固化烘干迅速且产品质量好。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种细径抗弯曲光纤的折射率剖面结构分布图。
具体实施方式
如图1所示，本发明公开了一种细径抗弯曲光纤，包括从内向外依次设置的芯层、平台层、凹陷层、外包层及涂覆层；芯层、平台层及凹陷层的折射率依次减小，芯层的相对折射率为0.06～0.28％，半径为2.5～3.5μm；平台层的相对折射率为-0.38～-0.15％，半径为16～27μm；凹陷层的相对折射率为-0.7～-0.15％，半径为30～45μm；所述外包层为纯二氧化硅玻璃层，直径为80±1μm。
实施例1
本发明还公开了一种细径抗弯曲光纤的制备方法，该制备方法具体如下：
(1)采用改良的化学气相沉积法依次沉积外包层、凹陷层、平台层及芯层；
(2)将沉积后的管体放置在熔缩机床上熔缩为一实心预制棒；
(3)将预制棒固定在拉丝塔上，并在2150℃的温度下拉制成光纤；
(4)安装涂覆器模具进行拉丝，控制涂覆压力为0.01～0.02MPa，拉丝速度为500～800m/min,拉丝结束后剪断光纤；
(5)设定拉丝塔的固化距离为2m～4m，并在固化炉中进行固化 烘干,固化炉的总功率为18000～24000W；
(6)在固化后，光纤在自动收线装置上进行卷绕，对光纤拉丝塔轮系进行设计，其V型轮角度控制在20～50°，便于细直径光纤定位。
(7)搭建计算模型，根据光纤的弹性模量、施力时间及弯曲系数计算出光纤的寿命。
下表为涂覆压力及拉丝速度对光纤断裂次数影响的关系表：
Figure PCTCN2015099425-appb-000001
实施例2
一种细径抗弯曲光纤的制备方法具体如下：
(1)采用改良的化学气相沉积法依次沉积外包层、凹陷层、平台层及芯层；
(2)将沉积后的管体放置在熔缩机床上熔缩为一实心预制棒；
(3)将预制棒固定在拉丝塔上，并在2150℃的温度下拉制成光纤；
(4)安装涂覆器模具进行拉丝，控制涂覆压力为0.02～ 0.025MPa，拉丝速度为800～1500m/min,拉丝结束后剪断光纤；
(5)设定拉丝塔的固化距离为2m～4m，并在固化炉中进行固化烘干,固化炉的总功率为18000～24000W；
(6)在固化后，光纤在自动收线装置上进行卷绕，对光纤拉丝塔轮系进行设计，其V型轮角度控制在20～50°，便于细直径光纤定位。
(7)搭建计算模型，根据光纤的弹性模量、施力时间及弯曲系数计算出光纤的寿命。
下表为涂覆压力及拉丝速度对光纤断裂次数影响的关系表：
Figure PCTCN2015099425-appb-000002
实施例3
一种细径抗弯曲光纤的制备方法具体如下：
(1)采用改良的化学气相沉积法依次沉积外包层、凹陷层、平台层及芯层；
(2)将沉积后的管体放置在熔缩机床上熔缩为一实心预制棒；
(3)将预制棒固定在拉丝塔上，并在2150℃的温度下拉制成光 纤；
(4)安装涂覆器模具进行拉丝，控制涂覆压力为0.025～0.035MPa，拉丝速度为1500～2000m/min,拉丝结束后剪断光纤；
(5)设定拉丝塔的固化距离为2m～4m，并在固化炉中进行固化烘干,固化炉的总功率为18000～24000W；
(6)在固化后，光纤在自动收线装置上进行卷绕，对光纤拉丝塔轮系进行设计，其V型轮角度控制在20～50°，便于细直径光纤定位。
(7)搭建计算模型，根据光纤的弹性模量、施力时间及弯曲系数计算出光纤的寿命。
下表为涂覆压力及拉丝速度对光纤断裂次数影响的关系表：
Figure PCTCN2015099425-appb-000003
根据上述实施例，实施例2中的光纤在拉丝过程中断裂次数最少，此时结构最稳固，质量最好，因此选用涂覆压力为0.02～0.025MPa，拉丝速度为800～1500m/min。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书 中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种细径抗弯曲光纤，其特征在于：包括从内向外依次设置的芯层、平台层、凹陷层、外包层及涂覆层；所述芯层、平台层及凹陷层的折射率依次减小，芯层的相对折射率为0.06～0.28％，半径为2.5～3.5μm；平台层的相对折射率为-0.38～-0.15％，半径为16～27μm；凹陷层的相对折射率为-0.7～-0.15％，半径为30～45μm；所述外包层为纯二氧化硅玻璃层，直径为80±1μm。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种细径抗弯曲光纤，其特征在于：所述细径抗弯曲光纤在直径10mm，100圈以上的情况下，其1550nm的弯曲损耗低于0.05dB。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种细径抗弯曲光纤，其特征在于：所述涂覆层的直径为155～170μm。
  4. 一种基于权利要求1所述的一种细径抗弯曲光纤的制备方法，其特征在于：所述制备方法具体如下：
    (1)采用改良的化学气相沉积法依次沉积外包层、凹陷层、平台层及芯层；
    (2)将沉积后的管体放置在熔缩机床上熔缩为一实心预制棒；
    (3)将预制棒固定在拉丝塔上，并在2150℃的温度下拉制成光纤；
    (4)安装涂覆器模具进行拉丝，拉丝结束后剪断光纤；
    (5)设定拉丝塔的固化距离为2m～4m，并在固化炉中进行固化烘干；
    (6)在固化后，光纤在自动收线装置上进行卷绕，对光纤拉丝塔轮系进行设计，其V型轮角度控制在20～50°，便于细直径光纤定位。
    (7)搭建计算模型，根据光纤的弹性模量、施力时间及弯曲系数计算出光纤的寿命。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种细径抗弯曲光纤的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(4)中拉丝时的涂覆压力为0.02～0.025MPa，拉丝速度为800～1500m/min。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的一种细径抗弯曲光纤的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(5)中的固化炉的总功率为18000～24000W。
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