CN105158804A - Solution-pore-type carbonate reservoir oil and gas enrichment degree obtaining method and device - Google Patents
Solution-pore-type carbonate reservoir oil and gas enrichment degree obtaining method and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a solution-pore-type carbonate reservoir oil and gas enrichment degree obtaining method and device and relates to the field of oil exploration. The method is characterized by, to begin with, obtaining three parameters of carbonate matrix density, density of rock full of fluid and porosity; then, carrying out calculation by utilizing the three parameters to obtain oil and gas enrichment degree, thereby enabling the value of the oil and gas enrichment degree to be closer to the actual value; and carrying out calibration by utilizing real oil and gas production data obtained through well drilling exploitation; and therefore, it can be seen that the result obtained by using the method above is relatively accurate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to petroleum exploration field, in particular to oil-gas accumulation degree acquisition methods and the device of corrosion hole type carbonate reservoir.
Background technology
Along with the development of industrial technology, the demand of people to the energy is increasing, and the common energy has electric energy, wind energy, fossil energy etc.In daily life, as in automobile the oil that uses, be fossil energy.The source of the variety classes energy is not identical, as electric energy normally gets by other forms of Conversion of Energy, is all be electric energy by kinetic transformation as wind-power electricity generation, hydropower.With electric energy unlike, fossil energy by transformed after the buried certain hour of animals and plants, and need to obtain by exploring and excavating.
Along with the exploitation of fossil energy, current social more and more employs fossil energy.In order to supply sufficient fossil energy, the work of high-efficiency mining fossil energy comes into one's own all the more.The acquisition of fossil energy can be divided into two steps, and first step is exploration, judges whether locality exists fossil energy, judges that whether the enrichment degree of local fossil energy is enough in other words; If first step is judged as YES, will second step be performed, namely obtain fossil energy by the mode of exploitation.As can be seen here, how verifying the reserves (i.e. enrichment degree) of local fossil energy accurately, is the precondition of carrying out exploiting.
For the concrete condition of China, deep layer carbonate complex has huge hydrocarbon exploration potential, and this reservoir is the important hydrocarbon resources strategic succeeding region of China.The carbonate complex rock reservoir age is ancient, depth of burial large, and owing to being subject to long-term buried compacting and diagenetic cementation effect, primary pore has disappeared totally.Later stage diagenesis and tectonization are transformed strongly, and reservoir space, based on secondary corrosion hole and crack, has very complicated pore texture and fluid distrbution feature.Each seam_cavern type connected relation is complicated, without unified water-oil interface, oil and water zonation by the restriction of Recent Structural height, in same set of stratum may high-order bit moisture, the fuel-displaced gas in low position, ubiquity oil, water are with to go out or gas, water is with the phenomenon gone out.Hydrocarbon occurrence is by co-controllings such as Reservoir Body development degree and connectedness, fracture system distribution, hydrocarbon charging orientation and degree, reservoir forming time and Pool-forming time tectonic frameworks.The conventional means such as poststack attribute and post-stack inversion is relied on to be difficult to make accurate judgement to the filling character of fluid in reservoir and enrichment degree, to cause in actual exploratory development is produced the key indexs such as reserves exploitation rate, recovery percent of reserves, oil recovery rate all very low, do not reach rational industrial index far away.High yield in reality exploration, and stable yields phenomenon is very general, although or even many wells bore and encounter good reservoir, by shale or water filling, cause exploring unsuccessfully.Along with deepening continuously of deep layer carbonate complex rock reservoirs exploration, define the theory of High Efficiency Well as main exploration and development goal gradually.The division of High Efficiency Well using oil price and cost of development as main performance assessment criteria, the producing well developed, according to certain calculating standard, if accumulation oil and gas production with International Petroleum Price calculate exceed specified value time, be namely called High Efficiency Well.High Efficiency Well generally has that And Hydrocarbon Potential is large, high financial profit, easily develop the features such as operation, but if want standard not identify High Efficiency Well, must be based upon on the basis of oil-gas accumulation degree in quantitative evaluation reservoir.
In correlation technique, exist based on seismic data analysis, and then drawn the method storing oil-gas accumulation degree.But the method existed in correlation technique is still in theoretic, in actual use, the complexity that the changeability being subject to some parameter obtains with some parameter, the impact of accuracy, the result that theory calculate goes out often differs more with the result drawn after practice of construction.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the oil-gas accumulation degree acquisition methods of corrosion hole type carbonate reservoir, to improve the accuracy of the oil-gas accumulation degree obtaining corrosion hole type carbonate reservoir.
First aspect, embodiments provides the oil-gas accumulation degree acquisition methods of corrosion hole type carbonate reservoir, comprising:
Obtain the carbonatite density of matrix of target area;
Use prestack pressure to make an uproar inversion of Density method, obtain the rock density being full of fluid of target area;
Obtain the factor of porosity of target area;
According to the carbonatite density of matrix of target area, the rock density being full of fluid and factor of porosity, calculate the oil-gas accumulation degree of target area, being wherein the proportionate property of oil and gas reserves of oil-gas accumulation degree and target area.
In conjunction with first aspect, embodiments provide the first possible embodiment of first aspect, wherein, according to the carbonatite density of matrix of target area, the rock density being full of fluid and factor of porosity, the oil-gas accumulation degree calculating target area comprises:
Use the efficient sensitive factor of following formulae discovery,
wherein, ρ
mfor carbonatite density of matrix, ρ
satfor being full of the rock density of fluid, φ is factor of porosity;
According to the reduction coefficient of efficient sensitive factor and oil-gas accumulation degree, calculate oil-gas accumulation degree.
In conjunction with first aspect, embodiments provide the embodiment that the second of first aspect is possible, wherein, the carbonatite density of matrix obtaining target area comprises:
Extract the porosity log data in well-log information and density logging data;
Curve cross analysis is carried out, to determine carbonatite density of matrix according to porosity log data and density logging data.
In conjunction with first aspect, embodiments provide the third possible embodiment of first aspect, wherein, the factor of porosity obtaining target area comprises:
Use prestack seismic inversion method, obtain the p-wave impedance of target area, S-wave impedance and density;
By statistics well-log information, obtain the Rock Matrix bulk modulus of target area, Rock Matrix modulus of shearing and fluid modulus;
Using the p-wave impedance of target area, S-wave impedance, density, Rock Matrix bulk modulus, Rock Matrix modulus of shearing and fluid modulus as input, bring Gassmann equation into, use chaos quantum population nonlinear inversion, draw factor of porosity.
In conjunction with first aspect, embodiments provide the 4th kind of possible embodiment of first aspect, wherein, also comprise:
In statistics target area, the oil and gas production data of multiple drilling well;
Oil and gas production data and efficient sensitive factor are carried out the process that crosses, to determine the related coefficient of oil and gas production data and efficient sensitive factor;
Related coefficient is used to adjust the reduction coefficient of efficient sensitive factor and oil-gas accumulation degree.
In conjunction with first aspect, embodiments provide the 5th kind of possible embodiment of first aspect, wherein, in statistics target area, the oil and gas production data of multiple drilling well comprise:
In statistics target area, production time is more than the oil and gas production data of the drilling well of a year.
In conjunction with first aspect, embodiments provide the 6th kind of possible embodiment of first aspect, wherein, also comprise:
According to the oil-gas accumulation degree of target area, the oil and gas production of estimation target area.
Second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides the oil-gas accumulation degree acquisition device of carbonate reservoir, comprising:
First acquisition module, for obtaining the carbonatite density of matrix of target area;
Second acquisition module, for using prestack pressure to make an uproar inversion of Density method, obtains the rock density being full of fluid of target area;
3rd acquisition module, for obtaining the factor of porosity of target area;
Computing module, for the carbonatite density of matrix according to target area, the rock density being full of fluid and factor of porosity, calculates the oil-gas accumulation degree of target area, being wherein the proportionate property of oil and gas reserves of oil-gas accumulation degree and target area.
In conjunction with second aspect, embodiments provide the first possible embodiment of second aspect, wherein, computing module comprises:
First computing unit, for using the efficient sensitive factor of following formulae discovery,
wherein, ρ
mfor carbonatite density of matrix, ρ
satfor being full of the rock density of fluid, φ is factor of porosity;
Second computing unit, for the reduction coefficient according to efficient sensitive factor and oil-gas accumulation degree, calculates oil-gas accumulation degree.
In conjunction with second aspect, embodiments provide the embodiment that the second of second aspect is possible, wherein, the first acquisition module comprises:
Extraction unit, for extracting porosity log data in well-log information and density logging data;
Analytic unit, for carrying out curve cross analysis, to determine carbonatite density of matrix according to porosity log data and density logging data.
The oil-gas accumulation degree acquisition methods of the corrosion hole type carbonate reservoir that the embodiment of the present invention provides, adopt carbonatite density of matrix, the rock density being full of fluid and the rock density being full of fluid are to determine the oil-gas accumulation degree of target area, compared with the result of calculation obtained with use theoretical analysis of the prior art, it is by obtaining the carbonatite density of matrix of target area in advance, be full of rock density and the factor of porosity of fluid, and calculate oil-gas accumulation degree further by these three parameters, wherein, the being proportionate property of oil and gas reserves of oil-gas accumulation degree and target area, the rock density being full of fluid is obtained by prestack pressure inversion of Density method of making an uproar, make the more close actual oil-gas accumulation degree of result of calculation drawn.
For making above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage become apparent, preferred embodiment cited below particularly, and coordinate appended accompanying drawing, be described in detail below.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment below, be to be understood that, the following drawings illustrate only some embodiment of the present invention, therefore the restriction to scope should be counted as, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other relevant accompanying drawings can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows in the oil-gas accumulation degree acquisition methods of the carbonate reservoir that the embodiment of the present invention provides, and is full of fluid rock density (ρ
sat) parameter is with the change curve schematic diagram of factor of porosity;
Fig. 2 shows in the oil-gas accumulation degree acquisition methods of the carbonate reservoir that the embodiment of the present invention provides, and is full of fluid rock density (ρ
sat) parameter is with the change curve schematic diagram of gas saturation;
Fig. 3 shows in the oil-gas accumulation degree acquisition methods of the carbonate reservoir that the embodiment of the present invention provides, φ × S
gand the relation schematic diagram between factor of porosity, saturation degree;
Fig. 4 shows in the oil-gas accumulation degree acquisition methods of the carbonate reservoir that the embodiment of the present invention provides, the relation schematic diagram between efficient sensitive factor and factor of porosity, saturation degree;
Fig. 5 shows in the oil-gas accumulation degree acquisition methods of the carbonate reservoir that the embodiment of the present invention provides, efficient sensitive factor and φ × S
grelation fitted figure;
Fig. 6 shows in the oil-gas accumulation degree acquisition methods of the carbonate reservoir that the embodiment of the present invention provides, and the efficient sensitive factor of In The Central Tarim Area Block predictions connects well profile;
Fig. 7 shows in the oil-gas accumulation degree acquisition methods of the carbonate reservoir that the embodiment of the present invention provides, and the efficient sensitive factor of In The Central Tarim Area block typical case's well crosses well profile;
Fig. 8 shows in the oil-gas accumulation degree acquisition methods of the carbonate reservoir that the embodiment of the present invention provides, and each elastic parameter of In The Central Tarim Area block and individual well add up oil and gas production and to cross figure;
Fig. 9 shows in the oil-gas accumulation degree acquisition methods of the carbonate reservoir that the embodiment of the present invention provides, and block each normalized parameter in In The Central Tarim Area is to oil-gas accumulation degree sensitivity analysis figure;
Figure 10 shows in the oil-gas accumulation degree acquisition methods of the carbonate reservoir that the embodiment of the present invention provides, and block each normalized parameter in In The Central Tarim Area is to the numerical range statistical graph of all types of well;
Figure 11 shows in the oil-gas accumulation degree acquisition methods of the carbonate reservoir that the embodiment of the present invention provides, In The Central Tarim Area block corrosion hole type carbonate reservoir oil-gas accumulation degree evaluation amount version;
Figure 12 shows the basic flow sheet of the oil-gas accumulation degree acquisition methods of the carbonate reservoir that the embodiment of the present invention provides.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.The assembly of the embodiment of the present invention describing and illustrate in usual accompanying drawing herein can be arranged with various different configuration and design.Therefore, below to the detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings and the claimed scope of the present invention of not intended to be limiting, but selected embodiment of the present invention is only represented.Based on embodiments of the invention, the every other embodiment that those skilled in the art obtain under the prerequisite not making creative work, all belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Oil-gas accumulation degree can illustrate the oil and gas reserves in certain region, if after the oil and gas reserves of this area exceedes predetermined threshold value, is just necessary to exploit the carrying out of this area.Can think, before exploitation, determine that the oil and gas reserves of target area is the step that must carry out, and oil and gas reserves be characterized by oil-gas accumulation degree.Therefore, how to determine that oil-gas accumulation degree just becomes an important job accurately.
In correlation technique, R.Thatham (1976), according to theoretical and rock sample experimental result, proves that the change of shear wave velocity is less than the change of velocity of longitudinal wave, therefore can utilize V when containing oil gas in stratum
p/ V
sas the mark of Search For Oil And Gas.But had many scholars to do a large amount of experiments and theoretical research (Gregory, 1976; Coussy, 1984; Tittlnann, 1981Han, 2002), confirm that velocity of longitudinal wave responds gas saturation in a non-linear fashion, time in the hole of hold-up rock containing a small amount of gas, overall compressibility can be caused significantly to raise, thus the sharply decline of the rock velocity of longitudinal wave caused, and the modulus of shearing of fluid is 0, the reservoir shear wave velocity of different saturation does not have notable difference.Therefore, by velocity of longitudinal wave and V
p/ V
smarked change can to judge in reservoir whether containing gas, but for the hydrocarbon zone of high gas saturation, and the difference of the gassiness water layer of low gas content saturation degree is very little, that is, cannot by velocity of longitudinal wave and V
p/ V
schange be described.TizianaVanorio (2006), to the tight sand core analysis in Rulision area, the state of Colorado and well logging data analysis, also proves the V that pore fluid change (100% moisture ~ 100% gassiness) causes
p/ V
schange ratio is approximately 8%, and this ratio of fractional saturation situation is less, therefore V
p/ V
smore there is actual application value in the flow net model of only filling in reservoir, utilize V simultaneously
p/ V
slithology can be distinguished better with crossing of S-wave impedance.HanandBatzle (2002) research thinks that gases at high pressure are less for the bulk modulus impact of gassiness water layer, and then the decay of velocity of longitudinal wave is less, otherwise the existence of low-pressure gas reduces velocity of longitudinal wave largely, in actual formation, because the pressure of deep formation is very high, the gas saturation of gassiness water layer is caused to be difficult to judge.Velocity of longitudinal wave and V
p/ V
sbe the important parameter of reflection lithology and oil-gas possibility, but for deep reservoir, rely on merely velocity information or accurately cannot obtain saturation infromation with other prestack parameters of velocity correlation, also just cannot be used for characterizing the oil-gas accumulation degree in reservoir.Masoudietal (2012) is for Iranian Sarvak carbonate reservoir, utilize tradition based on the method for node based on well-log information and test data, flow equation, bayesian theory and fuzzy method achieve the identification of individual well productive zone position, AmirMollajan (2013) combining classification analysis, wavelet analysis and Fuzzy Data Fusion three kinds of technology, utilize logging trace identification fluid type of reservoir through, and reservoir can be divided into three types: oil-bearing strata, water-bearing zone, profit mixes layer, above example is all analyze well-log information, thus the condition of production of individual well and fluid properties are studied, and the analysis above method being applied to actual seismic data is also comparatively difficult, the oil-gas accumulation degree namely drawn is accurate not enough.
In view of this, this application provides the oil-gas accumulation degree acquisition methods of carbonate reservoir, as shown in figure 12, comprise following 4 basic steps:
S101, obtains the carbonatite density of matrix of target area;
S102, uses prestack pressure to make an uproar inversion of Density method, obtains the rock density being full of fluid of target area;
S103, obtains the factor of porosity of target area;
S104, according to the carbonatite density of matrix of target area, the rock density being full of fluid and factor of porosity, calculates the oil-gas accumulation degree of target area, being wherein the proportionate property of oil and gas reserves of oil-gas accumulation degree and target area.
Concrete, when calculating, step S104 can comprise following sub-step:
11, use the efficient sensitive factor of following formulae discovery,
Wherein, ρ
mfor carbonatite density of matrix, ρ
satfor being full of the rock density of fluid, φ is factor of porosity;
12, according to the reduction coefficient of efficient sensitive factor and oil-gas accumulation degree, calculate oil-gas accumulation degree.
Wherein, efficient sensitive factor is as the intermediate parameters calculating oil-gas accumulation degree, can think to use efficient sensitive factor directly to characterize oil-gas accumulation degree, so step 12 just can be thought: directly using the numerical value of the numerical value of efficient sensitive factor as oil-gas accumulation degree.Efficient sensitive factor also can think the parameter calculating oil-gas accumulation degree.As step 12 can be thought by following formulae discovery oil-gas accumulation degree, X=A*Y, wherein X is oil-gas accumulation degree, and Y is efficient sensitive factor, and A is default coefficient.Under normal circumstances, A can occur as a constant, and in some cases, the numerical value of A can carry out converting and adjusting according to concrete well-log information.
It should be noted that, the method calculating oil-gas accumulation degree is appreciated that one utilizes the natural law (natural relation of oil-gas accumulation degree and efficient sensitive factor), calculates a kind of method of oil-gas accumulation degree.The technological difficulties of the application will be embodied in two aspects, first aspect is pinpointed the problems, namely, the oil-gas accumulation degree that computing method are tried to achieve in correlation technique is used to be inaccurate, and as the explanation in above, inventor, by theoretical analysis, determines the inaccurate reason of result of calculation in correlation technique, and the direction proposing solution of correspondence.Second aspect is dealt with problems accurately, namely proposes and use formula in above-mentioned step Sudden 11 to calculate efficient sensitive factor, and calculate oil-gas accumulation degree further.
Above-mentioned steps S101, the carbonatite density of matrix obtaining target area can comprise the steps:
Extract the porosity log data in well-log information and density logging data;
Curve cross analysis is carried out, to determine carbonatite density of matrix according to porosity log data and density logging data.
Above-mentioned steps S103, the factor of porosity obtaining target area can comprise the steps:
Use prestack seismic inversion method, obtain the p-wave impedance of target area, S-wave impedance and density;
By statistics well-log information, obtain the Rock Matrix bulk modulus of target area, Rock Matrix modulus of shearing and fluid modulus;
Using the p-wave impedance of target area, S-wave impedance, density, Rock Matrix bulk modulus, Rock Matrix modulus of shearing and fluid modulus as input, bring Gassmann equation into, use chaos quantum population nonlinear inversion, draw factor of porosity.
The above-mentioned refinement step provided respectively for step S102 and S103, can make the correlation parameter (factor of porosity and carbonatite density of matrix) determined more accurate, and be more suitable for the Characters of Geographical Environment of China.
In order to the practicality of the oil-gas accumulation degree calculated can be made stronger, namely numerical value is more accurate, and can also pass through in step 12, the reduction coefficient of efficient sensitive factor and oil-gas accumulation degree carries out adjusting to realize.
Be embodied as, the oil-gas accumulation degree acquisition methods of the carbonate reservoir that the application provides, also comprises the steps:
In statistics target area, the oil and gas production data of multiple drilling well;
Oil and gas production data and efficient sensitive factor are carried out the process that crosses, to determine the related coefficient of oil and gas production data and efficient sensitive factor;
Related coefficient is used to adjust the reduction coefficient of efficient sensitive factor and oil-gas accumulation degree.
Step S101-S104 can calculate the oil-gas accumulation degree of target area, but whether this numerical value is accurate, also needs to be verified by the data of reality.In fact, the object calculating oil-gas accumulation degree characterizes/illustrate oil and gas reserves/output.Therefore, the reduction coefficient of efficient sensitive factor and oil-gas accumulation degree can be verified whether accurately by the output of reality, and further this reduction coefficient be adjusted.The oil-gas accumulation degree calculating position near target area is more suitable for make reduction coefficient.
Further, when statistics oil and gas production, the data of the drilling well after fully exploitation should be added up, if but fully exploit, the meaning adjusting the reduction coefficient of efficient sensitive factor and oil-gas accumulation degree is again also just little, therefore, in the method that the application provides, be adopt in statistics target area, production time is more than the oil and gas production data of the drilling well of a year.The drilling well of production time more than 1 year, does not normally fully exploit, but still can by yield and correlation values estimate the amount of unminding.Therefore, by yield and the amount of unminding just can calculate whole oil and gas reserves (actual oil and gas reserves), and, also oil and gas reserves (theoretical oil and gas reserves) can be calculated by step 12, so pass through the ratio of actual oil and gas reserves and theoretical oil and gas reserves, just the reduction coefficient of efficient sensitive factor and oil-gas accumulation degree can be adjusted targetedly, to make the result that again calculates through step 12 more accurate.
Certainly, the method that the application provides can also directly according to the oil-gas accumulation degree of target area, the oil and gas production of estimation target area.
Below, the feasibility of the method that the application provides is described.
First lower basic theories is described: inventor is from the physical property difference between High Efficiency Well and non-efficient well, sum up High Efficiency Well prestack elastic information feature, when utilizing seismic data to be difficult to Obtaining Accurate hydrocarbon saturation information, making full use of and being full of fluid rock density (ρ
sat) composition equation strictly follows law of conservation of mass, is full of fluid rock density (ρ
sat) directly relevant with factor of porosity, saturation degree, property of pore fluid and the framework mineral composition advantage of parameter, be comprehensively full of fluid rock density ρ
sat, factor of porosity parameter phi and carbonatite Rock Matrix density p
mbuild the efficient sensitive factor of carbonate reservoir, the efficient sensitive factor of structure and (the product φ × Sg of factor of porosity and hydrocarbon saturation) is made to have higher similarity, the two also exists common ground: namely the value of low-porosity, high gas saturation is consistent with the value of high porosity, low gas content saturation degree, the concentrated expression of reservoir space size and Oil And Gas Occurrence state, the cumulative volume being rich in oil gas can be represented in reservoir space in carbonates, the oil-gas accumulation degree namely in reservoir.In the actual reservoir utilizing drilling well to disclose, oil-gas accumulation degree information is demarcated efficient sensitive factor, inefficient well, product well and shale filling well are all shown as obvious Low value anomaly, dissimilar well well can be distinguished according to certain numerical range by efficient sensitive factor, demonstrates efficient sensitive factor and has good effective reservoir recognition capability.
Efficient sensitive factor and production time are crossed more than the accumulative oil and gas production of more than 1 year well, the evaluation amount version of corrosion hole type carbonate reservoir oil-gas accumulation degree can be set up, form the geophysics Quantitative assessment of High Efficiency Well, effectively well and inefficient well, can evaluate according to the efficient sensitive factor of prediction the standard whether hydrocarbon-bearing pool reach High Efficiency Well, and quantitative estimation can treat the accumulative oil and gas production of well drilling positions.
Below concrete theory and data analysis are described:
Be full of fluid rock density ρ
satdepend on the density p of reservoir rock solid skeletal
drywith rock contained by the density p of Fluid in Pore
fluid, be full of fluid rock density (ρ
sat) composition equation strictly follows law of conservation of mass, is full of fluid rock density (ρ
sat) parameter is directly relevant with factor of porosity, saturation degree, property of pore fluid and framework mineral composition, therefore compared with other prestack elastic parameters, is a kind of important parameter predicting factor of porosity and hydrocarbon saturation.Suppose that carbonatite matrix minerals is kalzit, be full of two kinds of fluid properties and be respectively salt solution and rock gas (concrete elastic property is in table 1) in reservoir pore space, research is full of fluid rock density (ρ
sat) parameter and the relation between factor of porosity and saturation degree.
Table 1 elastic property statistical form
| Mineral and fluid | Density (the g/cm of various material 3) | Bulk modulus (GPa) | Modulus of shearing (GPa) | Reference frame |
| Kalzit | 2.71 | 76.80 | 32.00 | Simmons(1965) |
| Salt solution | 1.03 | 2.50 | / | Adams(1931) |
| Rock gas | 0.14 | 0.029 | / | Thomas(1970) |
Fig. 1 is for being full of fluid rock density (ρ
sat) parameter with the change curve schematic diagram of factor of porosity, under display gas saturation is respectively 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100% situation, be full of fluid rock density (ρ
sat) parameter is with the change curve of factor of porosity.Visible, when in same gas saturation situation, be full of fluid rock density (ρ
sat) increase along with factor of porosity and linearly reduce, and gas saturation is larger, and slope is larger, illustrates in reservoir and is rich in gas to being full of fluid rock density (ρ
sat) reduce more responsive.When in reservoir 100% be full of gas time, factor of porosity often changes 1%, is full of fluid rock density (ρ
sat) change 0.02694g/cm3, relative variation is about 0.994%.Fig. 2 is for being full of fluid rock density (ρ
sat) parameter with the change curve schematic diagram of gas saturation, under show hole porosity is respectively 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40% situation, be full of fluid rock density (ρ
sat) parameter is with the change curve of gas saturation.Visible, when in same factor of porosity situation, be full of fluid rock density (ρ
sat) increase along with gas saturation and linearly reduce, and factor of porosity is larger, and slope is larger.When factor of porosity is 40%, gas saturation often changes 1%, is full of fluid rock density (ρ
sat) change 0.00408g/cm3, relative variation is about 0.200%.By comparative analysis, think that factor of porosity change is to being full of fluid rock density (ρ
sat) parameter impact than saturation degree change to being full of fluid rock density (ρ
sat) impact of parameter is large many, its relative variation is about 5 times of saturation degree.When factor of porosity be 10%, completely saturated gas time be full of fluid rock density (ρ
sat) with factor of porosity be 15%, completely saturation water time be full of fluid rock density (ρ
sat) very close, if that is when porosity prediction error will cause saturation degree to predict complete mistake more than 5%.Reaching a conclusion by analyzing above, being full of fluid rock density (ρ
sat) parameter and factor of porosity and hydrocarbon saturation be simple linear relationship, is prediction and the ideal parameters of factor of porosity and hydrocarbon saturation, but utilize and be full of fluid rock density (ρ
sat) parameter prediction factor of porosity is feasible, and predicts that saturation infromation is very difficult.
When lacking saturation infromation, only utilize the oil-gas accumulation degree in the unpredictable reservoir of factor of porosity parameter, high porosity value may correspond to water-bearing zone.The well wanting to dispose in actual oil-gas exploration becomes highly efficient and productive well, will ensure that the enrichment degree of oil gas in hydrocarbon-bearing pool will reach certain standard, i.e. φ × S
g(factor of porosity × hydrocarbon saturation) reaches more than certain numerical value scope, namely there is the reservoir space of certain scale, and is rich in oil gas (as shown in Figure 3) in reservoir space.Fig. 3 is φ × S
gand the relation schematic diagram between factor of porosity, saturation degree, the rectangle frame representative of amplifying in figure is full of the schematic diagram of fluid rock, oval size represents the size of factor of porosity, color in ellipse represents the fluid properties of filling, white represents gassiness, black represents moisture, and the ratio that white accounts for is higher, and to represent gas saturation higher, and the ratio that black accounts for is higher, and to represent gas saturation lower.
Utilize forecast for seismic data factor of porosity to be feasible, but prediction saturation degree is quite difficult, therefore utilizes actual seismic data to be difficult to accurately obtain φ × S
gparameter.The present invention, when utilizing seismic data to be difficult to Obtaining Accurate hydrocarbon saturation information, makes full use of and is full of fluid rock density (ρ
sat) parameter includes the advantage of saturation infromation, is comprehensively full of fluid rock density ρ
sat, factor of porosity parameter phi and carbonatite Rock Matrix density p
mbuild efficient sensitive factor.
The abbreviation formula of efficient sensitive factor of the present invention is:
Efficient sensitive factor ESF=f (ρ
m, ρ
sat, φ) and (formula 1)
The product (φ × Sg) of the efficient sensitive factor of structure and factor of porosity and hydrocarbon saturation is made to have similarity, ensure that the value of low-porosity, high gas saturation is consistent with the value of high porosity, low gas content saturation degree, to avoid poor reservoir and gassiness water layer, be the concentrated expression of reservoir space size and Oil And Gas Occurrence state.Efficient sensitive factor can be utilized to replace the product (φ × S of factor of porosity and hydrocarbon saturation
g) represent in reservoir space the cumulative volume being rich in oil gas, the oil-gas accumulation degree namely in reservoir.
Wherein, ρ
mobtained by study area density logging data statistic analysis.Under normal circumstances, because prestack AVO inversion equation is Very Ill-conditioned, especially under data contain noise situation, density parameter has very strong instability, cause utilizing conventional inversion method to be difficult to acquisition and be full of fluid rock density parameter estimation accurately, be of the present inventionly full of fluid rock density ρ
satbe by prestack pressure make an uproar inversion of Density method calculate, can obtain relatively stable and be full of fluid rock density parameter ρ accurately
sat.The prestack elastic parameter that pre-stack seismic inversion obtains mainly comprises velocity of longitudinal wave, shear wave velocity and is full of fluid rock density, using above-mentioned parameter as input, utilize Related Rocks physical model and computing formula just relatively accurately can dope the factor of porosity parameter phi on stratum.
Efficient sensitive factor ESF in the present invention a kind of concrete construction expression form is as follows:
Efficient sensitive factor
(formula 2)
In formula: ρ
mfor carbonatite density of matrix, ρ
satfor being full of the rock density of fluid, φ is factor of porosity.
Fig. 4 is the efficient sensitive factor that builds according to formula 2 and factor of porosity, relation schematic diagram between saturation degree, visible efficient sensitive factor and φ × S
gtherebetween the similarity had, all there is common ground: namely the value of low-porosity, high gas saturation is consistent with the value of high porosity, low gas content saturation degree, be the concentrated expression of reservoir space size and Oil And Gas Occurrence state, therefore can utilize the oil-gas accumulation degree in efficient sensitive factor sign reservoir.
Fig. 5 is efficient sensitive factor and φ × S
grelation fitted figure, just drills analysis by theory, by efficient sensitive factor and φ × S
gcarry out matching, both discoveries have ideal linear relationship, and fitting degree reaches 0.9321, namely illustrate and efficient sensitive factor can be utilized to carry out alternative φ × S
greflect the oil-gas accumulation degree in reservoir.
Fig. 6 is that the efficient sensitive factor of In The Central Tarim Area Block predictions connects well profile, wherein ZG111 well is High Efficiency Well, efficient sensitive factor numerical value higher (being greater than 0.4) corresponding to Reservoir Section, ZG11C (sidetracked hole) is effective well, ZG11 (straight well) is for producing well, corresponding efficient sensitive factor numerical value lower (being all less than 0.4), utilizes efficient sensitive factor High Efficiency Well and non-efficient well obviously can be distinguished as seen.And ZG21 well at Reservoir Section efficient sensitive factor numerical value also higher (being greater than 0.4), this well production effect is fine at present, estimates that this well can become High Efficiency Well.
Fig. 7 is that the In The Central Tarim Area efficient sensitive factor of block typical case's well crosses well profile, as can be seen from the figure, dissimilar well is all shown as beading strong reflection in stacked seismic data, but oil and gas production and fluid-filled character exist very big-difference, utilize the oil-gas accumulation degree that poststack earthquake ` cannot be used in predicting reservoir.And the efficient sensitive factor built is only abnormal to High Efficiency Well display, effective well takes second place, and inefficient well and product well are all shown as weak efficient sensitive factor value.
Fig. 8 to be each elastic parameter of In The Central Tarim Area block (comprising p-wave impedance, P-S wave velocity ratio, the rock density being full of fluid and efficient sensitive factor) with individual well add up oil and gas production crosses figure, to test the sensitivity of different parameters to oil-gas accumulation degree.Wherein choose the well of production time more than more than 1 year, to guarantee that its cumulative production can oil-gas accumulation degree in relatively accurate expression reservoir.And each parameter is produced data carry out linear formula matching with tired, find that efficient sensitive factor and each well add up the qualified rates of fitting of oil and gas production the highest, be full of rock density and the P-S wave velocity ratio V of fluid
p/ V
stake second place, p-wave impedance I
pminimum.Although P-S wave velocity ratio V
p/ V
sthan p-wave impedance I
pseparating capacity want high, but High Efficiency Well, effectively well and inefficient well are at p-wave impedance I
pwith P-S wave velocity ratio V
p/ V
son be all overlapped, that is cannot utilize p-wave impedance I
pwith P-S wave velocity ratio V
p/ V
sidentify High Efficiency Well (Fig. 8 a, b).High Efficiency Well and effective well, inefficient well can be distinguished by the rock density being full of fluid, but effectively well and inefficient well are overlapped (Fig. 8 c) at the rock density parameter above formula being full of fluid.And the well of three types well can be distinguished (Fig. 8 d) according to certain numerical range by efficient sensitive factor.
Fig. 9 is that each normalized parameter of In The Central Tarim Area block (comprising p-wave impedance, P-S wave velocity ratio, the rock density being full of fluid and efficient sensitive factor) is to oil-gas accumulation degree sensitivity analysis figure.Owing to being filled with the change of rock density parameter that water and shale still can cause velocity of longitudinal wave, P-S wave velocity ratio and be full of fluid in corrosion cranny and cave reservoir, but product well and shale filling well do not have oil and gas production data, and therefore Fig. 8 still can not express the susceptibility of each parameter to oil-gas accumulation degree completely.Because the dimension of each parameter and span exist notable difference, in order to make easily to contrast between each parameter, therefore each parameter being normalized, making it all to transform between 0-1, that is,
I
p normalization=1-(I
p-I
pmin)/(I
pmax-I
pmin)
V
p/ V
s normalization=1-(V
p/ V
s-V
p/ V
smin)/(V
p/ V
smax-V
p/ V
smin)
ρ
normalization=1-(ρ-ρ
min)/(ρ
max-ρ
min)
F (ρ, φ)
normalization=(F (ρ, φ)-F (ρ, φ)
min)/(F (ρ, φ)
max-F (ρ, φ)
min)
Then wells all types of in study area is carried out statistical study, to test the susceptibility (as shown in Figure 9) of each parameter to oil-gas accumulation degree.Add up the numerical range of the corresponding dissimilar well of each normalized parameter, as long as its numerical range non-overlapping copies can be distinguished both just illustrating, Figure 10 is the numerical range statistical graph of block each normalized parameter in In The Central Tarim Area to all types of well, draws to draw a conclusion to its analysis:
1. p-wave impedance I
pwith P-S wave velocity ratio V
p/ V
svery weak to the recognition capability of High Efficiency Well, only High Efficiency Well (or effectively well) and shale filling wellblock can be separated, but can not by High Efficiency Well, effectively well, effectively distinguish between inefficient well and product well;
2. the rock density being full of fluid has stronger recognition capability to High Efficiency Well, the well of High Efficiency Well and other types can be distinguished, but effectively well, inefficient well and product well are overlapped in the rock density parameter being full of fluid.Especially when reservoir reservoir space comparative development, and in reservoir, be full of the decline that water still can cause the rock density parameter being full of fluid, be therefore full of the corresponding moisture reservoir of rock density Low value anomaly possibility of fluid;
High Efficiency Well, the effectively well of well and other types can well be distinguished by the efficient sensitive factor 3. set up, inefficient well, product well and shale well are all shown as obvious Low value anomaly, demonstrate efficient sensitive factor and have good effective reservoir recognition capability.
The accumulative oil and gas production of production time in efficient sensitive factor and study area more than more than 1 year well is carried out cross (Figure 11), three districts can be divided, be respectively efficient district, effectively district and poor efficiency district.And efficient sensitive factor and accumulative oil and gas production are similar to linear: y=0.1167x+0.1961, wherein: the efficient sensitive factor of y corresponding to Reservoir Section, x is the accumulative oil and gas production of each well.This figure that crosses can be used as the evaluation amount version of efficient sensitive factor prediction corrosion hole type carbonate reservoir oil-gas accumulation degree, form the geophysics Quantitative assessment of High Efficiency Well, effectively well and inefficient well, utilize this formula can submit the accumulative oil and gas production of well location to according to the preliminary quantitative estimation of efficient sensitive factor built, thus evaluate the standard whether hydrocarbon-bearing pool reaches High Efficiency Well.Along with the change of each well cumulative production, this plate can be constantly updated, and is more tending towards reasonable, and this plate is suitable only for study area use.
It should be noted that, method provided by the present invention is applicable to the corrosion hole type carbonate reservoir with constant volume body characteristics.
The example that one of the application institute supplying method is concrete is provided below:
Step 1: based on prestack AVO inverting, obtains p-wave impedance I
pwith S-wave impedance I
s;
Step 2: to make an uproar inversion of Density based on prestack pressure, obtains and is full of fluid rock density ρ
sat;
Step 3: the data such as Rock Matrix bulk modulus, Rock Matrix modulus of shearing and fluid modulus that the multiple elastic parameter (comprising p-wave impedance, S-wave impedance and density) obtained using pre-stack seismic inversion and well-log information are added up are as input, based on Gassmann equation, chaos quantum population non-linear inversion is utilized to go out factor of porosity parameter phi;
Step 4: based on well-log information, carries out cross analysis by porosity log curve and density logging curve, determines carbonatite Rock Matrix density p
m;
Step 5: be comprehensively full of fluid rock density ρ
sat, factor of porosity parameter phi and carbonatite Rock Matrix density p
m, build efficient sensitive factor ESF;
Step 6: choose the well of production time more than more than 1 year, add up the accumulative oil and gas production of each well, to ensure that cumulative production can oil-gas accumulation degree in relatively accurate expression reservoir, the efficient sensitive factor each well being added up oil and gas production and prediction crosses, set up the evaluation amount version of corrosion hole type carbonate reservoir oil-gas accumulation degree, form High Efficiency Well, the geophysics Quantitative assessment of effective well and inefficient well, the standard whether hydrocarbon-bearing pool reaches High Efficiency Well can be evaluated according to the efficient sensitive factor of prediction, and quantitative estimation can treat the accumulative oil and gas production of well drilling positions.
The embodiment of the present application additionally provides the oil-gas accumulation degree acquisition device of carbonate reservoir, comprising:
First acquisition module, for obtaining the carbonatite density of matrix of target area;
Second acquisition module, for using prestack pressure to make an uproar inversion of Density method, obtains the rock density being full of fluid of target area;
3rd acquisition module, for obtaining the factor of porosity of target area;
Computing module, for the carbonatite density of matrix according to target area, the rock density being full of fluid and factor of porosity, calculates the oil-gas accumulation degree of target area, being wherein the proportionate property of oil and gas reserves of oil-gas accumulation degree and target area.
Concrete, computing module comprises:
First computing unit, for using the efficient sensitive factor of following formulae discovery,
wherein, ρ
mfor carbonatite density of matrix, ρ
satfor being full of the rock density of fluid, φ is factor of porosity;
Second computing unit, for the reduction coefficient according to efficient sensitive factor and oil-gas accumulation degree, calculates oil-gas accumulation degree.
Concrete, the first acquisition module comprises:
Extraction unit, for extracting porosity log data in well-log information and density logging data;
Analytic unit, for carrying out curve cross analysis, to determine carbonatite density of matrix according to porosity log data and density logging data.
Those skilled in the art can be well understood to, and for convenience and simplicity of description, the specific works process of the device of foregoing description, module and unit, with reference to the corresponding process in preceding method embodiment, can not repeat them here.
The above; be only the specific embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, is anyly familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; change can be expected easily or replace, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should described be as the criterion with the protection domain of claim.
Claims (10)
1. the oil-gas accumulation degree acquisition methods of corrosion hole type carbonate reservoir, is characterized in that, comprising:
Obtain the carbonatite density of matrix of target area;
Use prestack pressure to make an uproar inversion of Density method, obtain the rock density being full of fluid of target area;
Obtain the factor of porosity of target area;
According to the carbonatite density of matrix of target area, the rock density being full of fluid and factor of porosity, calculate the oil-gas accumulation degree of target area, being wherein the proportionate property of oil and gas reserves of oil-gas accumulation degree and target area.
2. the oil-gas accumulation degree acquisition methods of corrosion hole type carbonate reservoir according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the described carbonatite density of matrix according to target area, the rock density being full of fluid and factor of porosity, the oil-gas accumulation degree calculating target area comprises:
Use the efficient sensitive factor of following formulae discovery,
wherein, ρ
mfor carbonatite density of matrix, ρ
satfor being full of the rock density of fluid, φ is factor of porosity;
According to the reduction coefficient of described efficient sensitive factor and oil-gas accumulation degree, calculate described oil-gas accumulation degree.
3. the oil-gas accumulation degree acquisition methods of corrosion hole type carbonate reservoir according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the carbonatite density of matrix of described acquisition target area comprises:
Extract the porosity log data in well-log information and density logging data;
Curve cross analysis is carried out, to determine carbonatite density of matrix according to porosity log data and density logging data.
4. the oil-gas accumulation degree acquisition methods of corrosion hole type carbonate reservoir according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the factor of porosity of described acquisition target area comprises:
Use prestack seismic inversion method, obtain the p-wave impedance of target area, S-wave impedance and density;
By statistics well-log information, obtain the Rock Matrix bulk modulus of target area, Rock Matrix modulus of shearing and fluid modulus;
Using the p-wave impedance of target area, S-wave impedance, density, Rock Matrix bulk modulus, Rock Matrix modulus of shearing and fluid modulus as input, bring petrophysical model Gassmann equation into, use chaos quantum population nonlinear inversion, draw factor of porosity.
5. the oil-gas accumulation degree acquisition methods of corrosion hole type carbonate reservoir according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprise:
In statistics target area, the oil and gas production data of multiple drilling well;
Described oil and gas production data and efficient sensitive factor are carried out the process that crosses, to determine the related coefficient of described oil and gas production data and described efficient sensitive factor;
Described related coefficient is used to adjust the reduction coefficient of efficient sensitive factor and oil-gas accumulation degree.
6. the oil-gas accumulation degree acquisition methods of corrosion hole type carbonate reservoir according to claim 5, is characterized in that,
In described statistics target area, the oil and gas production data of multiple drilling well comprise:
In statistics target area, production time is more than the oil and gas production data of the drilling well of a year.
7. the oil-gas accumulation degree acquisition methods of corrosion hole type carbonate reservoir according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprise:
According to the oil-gas accumulation degree of described target area, the oil and gas production of estimation target area.
8. the oil-gas accumulation degree acquisition device of corrosion hole type carbonate reservoir, is characterized in that, comprising:
First acquisition module, for obtaining the carbonatite density of matrix of target area;
Second acquisition module, for using prestack pressure to make an uproar inversion of Density method, obtains the rock density being full of fluid of target area;
3rd acquisition module, for obtaining the factor of porosity of target area;
Computing module, for the carbonatite density of matrix according to target area, the rock density being full of fluid and factor of porosity, calculates the oil-gas accumulation degree of target area, being wherein the proportionate property of oil and gas reserves of oil-gas accumulation degree and target area.
9. the oil-gas accumulation degree acquisition device of corrosion hole type carbonate reservoir according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described computing module comprises:
First computing unit, for using the efficient sensitive factor of following formulae discovery,
wherein, ρ
mfor carbonatite density of matrix, ρ
satfor being full of the rock density of fluid, φ is factor of porosity;
Second computing unit, for the reduction coefficient according to described efficient sensitive factor and oil-gas accumulation degree, calculates described oil-gas accumulation degree.
10. the oil-gas accumulation degree acquisition device of corrosion hole type carbonate reservoir according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described first acquisition module comprises:
Extraction unit, for extracting porosity log data in well-log information and density logging data;
Analytic unit, for carrying out curve cross analysis, to determine carbonatite density of matrix according to porosity log data and density logging data.
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