CN110297280A - A kind of prediction technique of carbonate rock superpressure spatial distribution characteristic - Google Patents
A kind of prediction technique of carbonate rock superpressure spatial distribution characteristic Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of prediction technique of carbonate rock superpressure spatial distribution characteristic, the present invention can accurately predict the spatial distribution characteristic of carbonate rock superpressure, and the economic benefit for improving the oil-gas reservoir of carbonate rock superpressure is of great significance.The present invention counts the carbonate rock superpressure data of drilling well actual measurement first and analyzes the geologic feature of carbonate rock superpressure, then, by calculating carbonate porosity volume parameter, porous gases content parameter and preservation condition evaluation parameter, construct carbonate rock superpressure computation model, finally, using a variety of geophysical methods based on well logging, seismic data, carbonate rock superpressure 3D data volume is calculated, to realize the prediction to carbonate rock superpressure spatial distribution characteristic.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to geological and mineral generaI investigations and exploration industry and oil and gas to explore studying technological domain, special
It is not related to prestack poststack seismic inversion and seismic pressure prediction technical field.
Background technique
Strata pressure, that is, pore fluid pressure is acted on by the geologic fluids such as water flooding, petroleum, natural gas in blowhole
The pressure of generation, under what geologic setting in office, normal strata pressure is equal with the pressure and hydrostatic pressure from earth's surface to target zone, deviation
The pressure of normal pressure Trendline is considered as abnormal formation pressure.
From the point of view of present oil and gas discovery achievement, formation of marine facies in southern China is from Lower Paleozoic strata Sinian system, Cambrian system, especially Silurian
Shale gas reservoir is to Mesozoic Era Permian System and Triassic system conventional gas hides or even terrestrial facies upper Triassic series-Jurassic system compact sandstone gas
Hiding, shale gas and Gas reservoir are substantially all related with basin superpressure, and NE Sichuan, Chuan Dong, the river southeast, river be mediumly in basin
Qu Jun is widely present carbonate rock PRESSURE GAS RESERVOIR.The forecasting research of carbonate rock superpressure, has become in petroleum exploration domain
Research emphasis and difficult point.
Currently, document about carbonate rock overpressure prediction is more, patent is less, specific technical method is broadly divided into three
Class: (one) directly seeks method.This kind of methods, at present most or utilize velocity of longitudinal wave, specific calculation formula master
If Filippone formula and its improve (Chen Xin, based on seismic data prospect pit pre-drill pore pressure prediction --- with Iraq
For the oil field A, oil and gas geology, 2015).This kind of methods establish strata pressure and seismic velocity at well point first
Relationship, then by technological means such as velocity analysis, velocity correction or invertings in seism processing, obtain accurate
Speed data, is finally updated in the calculation formula of strata pressure by seismic velocity data body again, predicts the space of strata pressure
Distribution characteristics；Such methods have 2: (1) precision of prediction is limited to the precision of normal-moveout spectrum data volume itself；(2) this
Method reflection is porosity caused by undercompaction superpressure, velocity variations, and still, undercompaction is not the master of carbonate rock superpressure
Want the origin cause of formation, the correlation of carbonate rock superpressure and speed is simultaneously bad；(2) strata pressure is calculated according to effective stress.Application No. is
The patent " a method of utilize well-log information Predicting Carbonate Formation pore pressure " of CN201010257171.4 is this
The representative patents of class technology, this kind of technology calculate effective stress by petrophysical parameter, further according to having for Terzaghi
Efficacy principle calculates strata pressure.But the applicability of principle of effective stress is relatively limited, for carbonate formation
Applicability is poor；(3) carbonate formation method for testing pressure.Application No. is the patent " carbonate of CN201510851372.X
Rock formation pore pressure test method and device " be such technology representative patents.Such method is by Rock Mechanics Test
Data, borehole log data and observed pressure data compare and analyze, and find best with observed pressure data dependence
Data combine to predict carbonate rock superpressure.The defect of this method is that applicable object is the non-measuring pressure well section of drilling well,
And this method is effective only for fracture-cavity type carbonate stratum.
According to document and patent retrieval situation, the prediction technique about carbonate formation pressure is still less at present, mesh
Preceding three classes method can not accurately predict the distribution characteristics in carbonate rock superpressure space.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a kind of prediction technique of carbonate rock superpressure spatial distribution characteristic,
To solve the problems, such as that carbonate rock superpressure prediction of oil-gas reserve provides a set of effective and feasible technological means.
A kind of prediction technique of carbonate rock superpressure spatial distribution characteristic according to the present invention, which is characterized in that including following
Step:
Step 1: the collection and arrangement of drilling well measured formation pressure data；
Step 2: carbonate rock superpressure analyzing geological features；
Step 3: carbonate rock superpressure computation model is established；
Step 4: carbonate rock superpressure spatial distribution characteristic prediction.
In one embodiment, the carbonate rock superpressure analyzing geological features step of the step 2 is specific as follows:
When superpressure occurs in carbonate formation, following two condition should be provided simultaneously with:
(1) rock pore volume become smaller or blowhole in gas content increase；
(2) stratum preservation condition is good, is in closed system；
Therefore, establish rock pore volume model, gas content model and stratum preservation condition mould in blowhole
Carbonate rock superpressure computation model is established on the basis of type；
Wherein, the geologic process that rock pore volume can be caused to become smaller includes: tectonic compression, machinery pressure implementation
With, carbonate rock recrystallization and carbonate rock cementation；
Can cause the increased geologic process of gas content in blowhole includes: that kerogen is angry, crude oil pyrolysis is angry
And the filling of gas；
Preservation condition good factor in stratum includes: cap rock development and crack, tomography agensis.
In one embodiment, the step 3 further includes following sub-step:
Sub-step one: carbonate formation rock pore volume calculates submodel and establishes；
Sub-step two: gas content calculates submodel and establishes in carbonate formation blowhole；
Sub-step three: carbonate formation preservation condition is evaluated submodel and is established；
Sub-step four: carbonate rock superpressure computation model is established.
In one embodiment, carbonate formation rock pore volume becomes smaller, specific manifestation are as follows: stratum matrix pores
Degree becomes smaller and secondary porosity becomes smaller, and therefore, the rock pore volume in the sub-step one calculates submodel and is based on matrix
Porosity and secondary porosity are established, specific computation model such as following formula:
Wherein, PorvolFor the parameter for characterizing carbonate rock overpressured formation pore volume size, PormatrixFor matrix pores
Degree, PorsecFor secondary porosity；
In carbonate formation, the Por on well is calculated by density, sound wave, neutron, shale content logmatrix
And PorsecThen curve in conjunction with interpolation algorithm and Geophysics Inversion, obtains corresponding PorvolSupplemental characteristic body.
In one embodiment, the increase of carbonate formation gas content, specific manifestation are as follows: fluid properties be gas and
The increase of gas saturation；Therefore, gas content calculates submodel based on fluid properties in blowhole in the sub-step two
It is established with gas saturation, specific computation model such as following formula:
Gasqua=Fluid × Satgas
Wherein, GasquaFor the parameter for characterizing carbonate rock overpressured formation gas content size, Fluid is the total amount of fluid,
SatgasFor gas saturation；
The elastic parameter that Fluid is obtained by pre-stack seismic inversion combines to calculate, and SatgasBy calculating seismic frequency
Decaying is sought.
In one embodiment, the evaluation of carbonate formation preservation condition, specific manifestation are as follows: the thickness of cap rock it is big and
Tomography, development degree of micro cracks in oil are low；Therefore, stratum preservation condition evaluation submodel is based on cap rock and breaks in the sub-step three
Layer, development degree of micro cracks in oil are established, specific computation model such as following formula:
Wherein, PerevaFor preservation condition evaluation parameter, for characterizing the superiority and inferiority of preservation condition, ThickcovFor depth of cover
Parameter, Frac represent development degree of micro cracks in oil, and Fault represents mature fault degree；
Cap rock is usually cream rock stratum or shale layer, and the difference of speed, density and carbonate rock country rock is more obvious, is passed through
Seismic inversion finds out its spatial distribution characteristic, and further seeks Thickcov；Using coherent analysis for describing Fault；
Crack is more much smaller than the scale of tomography, using strength of anisotropy for characterizing Frac.
In one embodiment, by carbonate rock overpressured formation pore volume size parameter Porvol, carbonate rock superpressure
Gas content size parameter Gas in layer holequaAnd preservation condition evaluation parameter PerevaIt is laminated respectively with known actual measurement
Force data does correlation analysis, respectively obtains corresponding relative coefficient apor_vol、agas_quaAnd aper_eva；Then, right respectively
Porvol、GasquaAnd PerevaThese three parameters do normalized,
atot=apor_vol+agas_qua+aper_eva
The parameter Pre of building characterization carbonate rock superpressure computation modelpor, specific computation model such as following formula:
Wherein, Porvol′、Gasqua' and Pereva' be respectively normalized after carbonate porosity volume parameter, carbon
Gas content parameter and carbonate rock preservation condition evaluation parameter in Carbonate Rocks hole；atotFor three dependence on parameter coefficients
Count and.
In one embodiment, in Measured formation pressure well section, by PreporLine is carried out respectively with measured formation pressure data
Property, multinomial and exponential relationship fitting, therefrom preferably going out the highest formula of correlation is carbonate in the sub-step four
Rock superpressure computation model, such as following formula:
Pressure=Fun (Prepor)
Wherein, Pressure is strata pressure, PreporFor carbonate rock superpressure model parameter, Fun (Prepor) it is actual measurement
Formation pressure data and the best relational expression of carbonate rock superpressure computation model dependence on parameter.
In one embodiment, it according to finally determining carbonate rock superpressure computation model, seeks respectively each in model
The data volume of parameter, wherein
(1) carbonate formation rock pore volume supplemental characteristic body is sought using well logging, seismic inversion；
(2) the elastic parameter combination obtained using pre-stack seismic inversion and seismic frequency decay to obtain carbonate formation
Gas content supplemental characteristic body in blowhole；
(3) it seeks obtaining carbonate formation preservation condition evaluation ginseng using seismic inversion, coherent calculation and anisotropy
Number data volume.
In one embodiment, the specific steps that carbonate rock superpressure spatial distribution characteristic is predicted in the step 4 are as follows:
Gas content in carbonate formation rock pore volume supplemental characteristic body, carbonate formation blowhole is joined
Number data volume and carbonate formation preservation condition evaluation parameter data volume are updated in carbonate rock superpressure computation model, i.e.,
Carbonate formation pressure data body is found out, to obtain carbonate rock superpressure spatial distribution characteristic.
Drilling well, well logging, seismic facies are combined, are based on carbonic acid by a kind of carbonate rock overpressure prediction method proposed by the present invention
The stratum characteristic of rock salt superpressure proposes a new formation pressure calculation model, prediction using a variety of geophysical techniques methods
The distribution characteristics in carbonate rock superpressure space will effectively solve the problems, such as the exploration of abnormal pressure oil-gas reservoir, suitable for petroleum, naturally
Research in terms of the carbonate formation pressure prediction of gas exploration field can be realized effectively special to carbonate rock superpressure spatial distribution
The prediction of sign, the economic benefit for improving the oil-gas reservoir of carbonate rock superpressure are of great significance, and will effectively push formation of marine facies in southern China
The exploration and development of oil-gas reservoir is in progress.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention will be described in more detail below based on embodiments and refering to the accompanying drawings.Wherein:
Fig. 1 shows the prediction technique flow chart of carbonate rock superpressure spatial distribution characteristic of the present invention；
Fig. 2 shows the specific flow chart that carbonate rock superpressure computation model of the present invention is established.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.To the present invention, how applied technology method solves skill whereby
Art problem, and the realization process for reaching technical effect can be fully understood and implemented.It should be noted that as long as there is no punchings
Prominent, items technical characteristic mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any way.The invention is not limited to texts
Disclosed in specific embodiment, but include all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.
As shown in Figure 1, it is shown that the prediction technique flow chart of carbonate rock superpressure spatial distribution characteristic of the present invention wraps in total
Include following steps:
Step 1 S101: drilling well measured formation pressure data is collected and is arranged；
Step 2 S102: carbonate rock superpressure analyzing geological features；
Step 3 S103: carbonate rock superpressure computation model is established；
Step 4 S104: carbonate rock superpressure spatial distribution characteristic prediction.
In the present embodiment, the winged celestial pass group in Northeastern Sichuan Basin member dam area is chosen to be tested and be applied,
Before the present invention is not used, the Distribution of Formation Pressure for studying the pass Qu Feixian group is indefinite.
In step 1 S101, according to the research existing actual well drilled data situation in area, sort out comprising normal pressure, superpressure etc. no
With the measured formation pressure data table of strata pressure situation.The drilling well crossed for having carried out the reservoir reconstructions such as pressure break, acidification, because of it
Original formation pressure has changed, and is not counted in statistics.
In step 2 S102, carbonate rock superpressure analyzing geological features step is specific as follows:
When superpressure occurs in carbonate formation, following two condition should be provided simultaneously with:
(1) rock pore volume become smaller or blowhole in gas content increase；
(2) stratum preservation condition is good, is in closed system.
So, the geologic(al) factor of above-mentioned two condition is further analyzed, wherein rock pore volume can be caused
The geologic process to become smaller includes: tectonic compression, Compaction, carbonate rock recrystallization and carbonate rock glue
Knot effect；Can cause in blowhole the increased geologic process of gas content include: kerogen is angry, crude oil pyrolysis anger with
And the filling of gas；Preservation condition good factor in stratum includes: cap rock development and crack, tomography agensis.Therefore, it is establishing
Carbonate is established on the basis of gas content model and stratum preservation condition model in rock pore volume model, blowhole
Rock superpressure computation model.
According to the analysis of carbonate rock superpressure feature in step 2 S102 as a result, carrying out carbonate rock superpressure computation model
It establishes, i.e. the foundation of step 3 S103, carbonate rock superpressure computation model include following sub-step again:
One S1031 of sub-step: carbonate formation rock pore volume calculates submodel and establishes；
Two S1032 of sub-step: gas content calculates submodel and establishes in carbonate formation blowhole；
Three S1033 of sub-step: carbonate formation preservation condition is evaluated submodel and is established；
Four S1034 of sub-step: carbonate rock superpressure computation model is established.
(1) in one S1031 of sub-step, the tectonic compression of carbonate rock, Compaction, recrystallization with
And cementation will cause becoming smaller for carbonate formation pore volume, specific manifestation are as follows: stratum matrix porosity become smaller and
Secondary porosity becomes smaller, and therefore, carbonate formation rock pore volume, which calculates submodel, can be based on matrix porosity
It is established with secondary porosity, specific computation model such as following formula:
Wherein, PorvolFor the parameter for characterizing carbonate rock overpressured formation pore volume size, PormatrixFor matrix pores
Degree, PorsecFor secondary porosity.
In carbonate formation, it can be calculated on well by density, sound wave, neutron, shale content log
PormatrixAnd PorsecCurve, then, in conjunction with interpolation algorithm and Geophysics Inversion, available corresponding PorvolParameter number
According to body.
When carbonate formation is by construction extruding, mechanical ramming, recrystallization or cementation development superpressure, matrix pores
Degree and secondary porosity become smaller, corresponding PorvolFor abnormal high level.
(2) in two S1032 of sub-step, firstly, the fluid properties of overpressured formation should be gas, if overpressured formation fluid
Property is water, then illustrates that strata pressure is not big enough, fails water hole is discharged；Secondly, kerogen is angry, crude oil pyrolysis anger with
And the filling of gas, it can all lead to the increase of carbonate formation gas content, specific manifestation are as follows: the increase of gas saturation；
Therefore, in carbonate formation blowhole gas content calculate submodel can based on fluid properties and gas saturation come
It establishes, specific computation model such as following formula:
Gasqua=Fluid × Satgas
Wherein, GasquaFor the parameter for characterizing carbonate rock overpressured formation gas content size, Fluid is the total amount of fluid,
SatgasFor gas saturation.
Fluid can be combined by the elastic parameter that pre-stack seismic inversion obtains to calculate, and SatgasCalculating can be passed through
Seismic frequency decaying is sought.
It is influenced the effects of carbonate formation is angry by kerogen, crude oil pyrolysis is angry and the filling of gas, gas
When body content sharply increases, corresponding GasquaValue significantly increases.
(3) in three S1033 of sub-step, the evaluation of carbonate formation preservation condition mainly includes two parts content: lid
Layer development and crack, tomography agensis, specific manifestation are as follows: the thickness of mudstone caprock or cream salt-roof rock is big, tomography, fracture development journey
It spends low；Therefore, carbonate strata preservation condition evaluation submodel can be built based on cap rock and tomography, development degree of micro cracks in oil
It is vertical, specific computation model such as following formula:
Wherein, PerevaFor preservation condition evaluation parameter, for characterizing the superiority and inferiority of preservation condition, ThickcovFor depth of cover
Parameter, Frac represent development degree of micro cracks in oil, and Fault represents mature fault degree.
Cap rock is usually cream rock stratum or shale layer, and the difference of speed, density and carbonate rock country rock is more obvious, is passed through
Seismic inversion can find out its spatial distribution characteristic, and further seek Thickcov；Using coherent analysis for describing
Fault；Crack is more much smaller than the scale of tomography, using strength of anisotropy for characterizing Frac.
When carbonate formation develops superpressure, generally there is good Seal Condition, and crack, tomography are not sent out in stratum
It educates, then corresponding PerevaValue shows as high level.
(4) in four S1034 of sub-step, the carbonate formation rock pore volume in sub-step one is calculated into submodule
Carbonate formation included gas content meter Operator Model in type, sub-step two and the carbonate rock in sub-step three
Preservation condition evaluation submodel in stratum integrates, first by carbonate rock overpressured formation pore volume size parameter Porvol, carbonic acid
Gas content size parameter Gas in rock salt overpressured formation holequaAnd preservation condition evaluation parameter PerevaRespectively with it is known
Overpressured formation observed pressure data do correlation analysis, respectively obtain corresponding relative coefficient apor_vol、agas_quaWith
aper_eva；Then, respectively to Porvol、GasquaAnd PerevaThese three parameters do normalized,
atot=apor_vol+agas_qua+aper_eva
The parameter Pre of building characterization carbonate rock superpressure computation modelpor, specific computation model such as following formula:
Wherein, Porvol′、Gasqua' and Pereva' be respectively normalized after carbonate porosity volume parameter, carbon
Gas content parameter and carbonate rock preservation condition evaluation parameter in Carbonate Rocks hole；atotFor three dependence on parameter coefficients
Count and.The new parameter Pre constructed in this waypor, as characterize the computation model parameter of carbonate rock superpressure.
Then, in overpressured formation observed pressure well section, by PreporLine is carried out respectively with overpressured formation observed pressure data
Property, multinomial and exponential relationship fitting, therefrom preferably going out the highest formula of correlation is carbonate in the sub-step four
Rock superpressure computation model, such as following formula:
Pressure=Fun (Prepor)
Wherein, Pressure is strata pressure, PreporFor carbonate rock superpressure model parameter, Fun (Prepor) it is superpressure
Stratum observed pressure data and the best relational expression of carbonate rock superpressure computation model dependence on parameter.
In step 4 S104, according to finally determining carbonate rock superpressure computation model, seek respectively each in model
The data volume of parameter, wherein
(1) carbonate formation rock pore volume supplemental characteristic body is sought using well logging, seismic inversion；
(2) the elastic parameter combination obtained using pre-stack seismic inversion and seismic frequency decay to obtain carbonate formation
Gas content supplemental characteristic body in blowhole；
(3) available carbonate formation preservation condition is sought using seismic inversion, coherent calculation and anisotropy to comment
Valence supplemental characteristic body.
Therefore, the specific steps that carbonate rock superpressure spatial distribution characteristic is predicted in step 4 S104 are as follows: by carbonate rock
Gas content supplemental characteristic body and carbonate in formation rock pore volume supplemental characteristic body, carbonate formation blowhole
Rock stratum preservation condition evaluation parameter data volume is updated in carbonate rock superpressure computation model, can find out carbonate formation
Pressure data body, thus the spatial distribution characteristic of forecasting research area interval of interest carbonate rock superpressure.It is laminated with drilling well actual measurement
The contrast verification of force data shows the application by the application, can obtain accurate carbonate formation pressure space
Distribution characteristics.
In conclusion compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: a kind of carbonate rock superpressure proposed by the present invention
Drilling well, well logging, seismic facies are combined, based on the stratum characteristic of carbonate rock superpressure, utilize a variety of geophysics skills by prediction technique
Art method proposes a new formation pressure calculation model, predicts the distribution characteristics in carbonate rock superpressure space, will effectively solve
The exploration problem of abnormal pressure oil-gas reservoir, in terms of petroleum, natural gas exploration field carbonate formation pressure prediction
Research, can effectively realize the prediction to carbonate rock superpressure spatial distribution characteristic, for improving the oil-gas reservoir of carbonate rock superpressure
Economic benefit be of great significance, the exploration and development progress that strong will push formation of marine facies in southern China oil-gas reservoir.
Although by reference to preferred embodiment as above, invention has been described, the content only to facilitate
The embodiment for understanding the present invention and using, is not intended to limit the invention.Technology in any the technical field of the invention
Personnel can appoint in the formal and details of implementation without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure
What modification and variation, but scope of patent protection of the invention, still should be subject to the scope of the claims as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of prediction technique of carbonate rock superpressure spatial distribution characteristic, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: the collection and arrangement of drilling well measured formation pressure data；
Step 2: carbonate rock superpressure analyzing geological features；
Step 3: carbonate rock superpressure computation model is established；
Step 4: carbonate rock superpressure spatial distribution characteristic prediction.
2. the prediction technique of carbonate rock superpressure spatial distribution characteristic according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
Rapid two carbonate rock superpressure analyzing geological features step is specific as follows:
If superpressure occurs in carbonate formation, following two condition should be provided simultaneously with:
(1) rock pore volume become smaller or blowhole in gas content increase；
(2) stratum preservation condition is good, is in closed system；
Therefore, establish rock pore volume model, gas content model and stratum preservation condition model in blowhole
On the basis of establish carbonate rock superpressure computation model；
Wherein, the geologic process that rock pore volume can be caused to become smaller includes: tectonic compression, Compaction, carbon
Carbonate Rocks recrystallization and carbonate rock cementation；
Can cause in blowhole the increased geologic process of gas content include: that kerogen is angry, crude oil pyrolysis is angry and
The filling of gas；
Preservation condition good factor in stratum includes: cap rock development and crack, tomography agensis.
3. the prediction technique of carbonate rock superpressure spatial distribution characteristic according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the step
Rapid three further include following sub-step:
Sub-step one: carbonate formation rock pore volume calculates submodel and establishes；
Sub-step two: gas content calculates submodel and establishes in carbonate formation blowhole；
Sub-step three: carbonate formation preservation condition is evaluated submodel and is established；
Sub-step four: carbonate rock superpressure computation model is established.
4. the prediction technique of carbonate rock superpressure spatial distribution characteristic according to claim 3, which is characterized in that carbonate
Rock formation rock pore volume becomes smaller, specific manifestation are as follows: and stratum matrix porosity becomes smaller and secondary porosity becomes smaller, because
This, the rock pore volume in the sub-step one is calculated submodel and is established based on matrix porosity and secondary porosity, is had
The computation model of body such as following formula:
Wherein, PorvolFor the parameter for characterizing carbonate rock overpressured formation pore volume size, PormatrixFor matrix porosity,
PorsecFor secondary porosity；
In carbonate formation, the Por on well is calculated by density, sound wave, neutron, shale content logmatrixWith
PorsecThen curve in conjunction with interpolation algorithm and Geophysics Inversion, obtains corresponding PorvolSupplemental characteristic body.
5. the prediction technique of carbonate rock superpressure spatial distribution characteristic according to claim 4, which is characterized in that carbonate
The increase of gas content, specific manifestation in rock formation rock hole are as follows: fluid properties are the increase of gas and gas saturation；Cause
This, included gas content meter Operator Model is established based on fluid properties and gas saturation in the sub-step two, tool
The computation model of body such as following formula:
Gasqua=Fluid × Satgas
Wherein, GasquaFor the parameter for characterizing carbonate rock overpressured formation gas content size, Fluid is the total amount of fluid,
SatgasFor gas saturation；
The elastic parameter that Fluid is obtained by pre-stack seismic inversion combines to calculate, and SatgasBy calculating seismic frequency decaying
It is sought.
6. the prediction technique of carbonate rock superpressure spatial distribution characteristic according to claim 5, which is characterized in that carbonate
The evaluation of rock stratum preservation condition, specific manifestation are as follows: the thickness of cap rock is big and tomography, development degree of micro cracks in oil are low；Therefore, described
Stratum preservation condition evaluation submodel is established based on cap rock and tomography, development degree of micro cracks in oil in sub-step three, specific to count
Calculate model such as following formula:
Wherein, PerevaFor preservation condition evaluation parameter, for characterizing the superiority and inferiority of preservation condition, ThickcovFor depth of cover ginseng
Number, Frac represent development degree of micro cracks in oil, and Fault represents mature fault degree；
Cap rock includes cream rock stratum or shale layer, and the difference of speed, density and carbonate rock country rock is more obvious, anti-by earthquake
It drills and finds out its spatial distribution characteristic, and further find out Thickcov；Using coherent analysis for describing Fault；Crack is than disconnected
The scale of layer is small, using strength of anisotropy for characterizing Frac.
7. the prediction technique of carbonate rock superpressure spatial distribution characteristic according to claim 6, which is characterized in that by carbonic acid
Rock salt overpressured formation pore volume size parameter Porvol, gas content size parameter Gas in carbonate rock overpressured formation holequa
And preservation condition evaluation parameter PerevaCorrelation analysis is done with known measured formation pressure data respectively, is respectively obtained pair
The relative coefficient a answeredpor_vol、agas_quaAnd aper_eva；Then, respectively to Porvol、GasquaAnd PerevaThese three parameters are done
Normalized,
atot=apor_vol+agas_qua+aper_eva
The parameter Pre of building characterization carbonate rock superpressure computation modelpor, specific computation model such as following formula:
Wherein, Porvol′、Gasqua' and Pereva' be respectively normalized after carbonate porosity volume parameter, carbonate
Gas content parameter and carbonate rock preservation condition evaluation parameter in petrosal foramen gap；atotFor the calculation of three dependence on parameter coefficients
Number and.
8. the prediction technique of carbonate rock superpressure spatial distribution characteristic according to claim 7, which is characterized in that surveying
Strata pressure well section, by PreporCarry out linear, multinomial and exponential relationship fitting respectively with measured formation pressure data, therefrom
Selecting the highest formula of correlation is the carbonate rock superpressure computation model in the sub-step four, such as following formula:
Pressure=Fun (Prepor)
Wherein, Pressure is strata pressure, PreporFor carbonate rock superpressure model parameter, Fun (Prepor) it is actual measurement stratum
Pressure data and the best relational expression of carbonate rock superpressure computation model dependence on parameter.
9. the prediction technique of carbonate rock superpressure spatial distribution characteristic according to claim 8, which is characterized in that according to most
Determining carbonate rock superpressure computation model eventually, seeks the data volume of parameters in model respectively, wherein
(1) carbonate formation rock pore volume supplemental characteristic body is sought using well logging, seismic inversion；
(2) the elastic parameter combination obtained using pre-stack seismic inversion and seismic frequency decay to obtain carbonate formation rock
Gas content supplemental characteristic body in hole；
(3) it seeks obtaining carbonate formation preservation condition evaluation parameter number using seismic inversion, coherent calculation and anisotropy
According to body.
10. the prediction technique of carbonate rock superpressure spatial distribution characteristic according to claim 9, which is characterized in that described
The specific steps that carbonate rock superpressure spatial distribution characteristic is predicted in step 4 are as follows:
By gas content parameter number in carbonate formation rock pore volume supplemental characteristic body, carbonate formation blowhole
It is updated in carbonate rock superpressure computation model, that is, finds out according to body and carbonate formation preservation condition evaluation parameter data volume
Carbonate formation pressure data body, to obtain carbonate rock superpressure spatial distribution characteristic.
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